2200.5011 CCTV Training Manual,R1.0

CCTV Training Manual Micropack

Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0

This document is strictly private and confidential, reproduction without Micropack approval is prohibited. © Micropack Engineering Ltd, 2001

RELEASE NOTES

Rev. Date Revision History ECN Prepared Approved

1.0 20/03/2001 Formal Release into Documented Quality System 034 RJ SD

0.2 10.11.2000 Minor Corrections RJ

0.1 PRE-RELEASE DRAFT - RJ

Prepared: Approved: Date:

R.Johnson

S.Duncan 20/03/01

CCTV FDS Flame Detection System

Training Manual


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


Table of Contents

1 General Introduction........................................................................................................................ 5

1.1 Safety Instructions.................................................................................................................... 5

1.1.1 Warnings ........................................................................................................................... 5

1.1.2 Cautions ............................................................................................................................ 5

1.1.3 Important Notices.............................................................................................................. 5

1.2 System Overview ..................................................................................................................... 6

1.2.1 Flame Detection Camera (iFDC101 p/n 2200.0000) ........................................................ 7

1.2.2 Hub Controller (iHUB48516 p/n 2200.0030).................................................................... 7

1.2.3 Video Switcher (iVIDEO164 p/n 2200.0040) .................................................................... 7

1.2.4 Relay Driver (iRELAY163 p/n 2200.0050) ........................................................................ 7

1.2.5 Display Terminal (iDAH95) ............................................................................................... 7

1.2.6 RS485 Converter (iRS2485IF p/n 3100.0012).................................................................. 7

1.2.7 Video Converter (VTP4 p/n 3100.0026) ........................................................................... 8

1.2.8 Video Converter (BNC4 p/n 3100.0025).......................................................................... 8

1.2.9 Video Recorder ................................................................................................................. 8

1.3 Hazardous area procedures..................................................................................................... 8

1.4 Manual Handling ...................................................................................................................... 8

2 Application Guidelines..................................................................................................................... 9

2.1 Siting requirements ................................................................................................................ 10

2.2 Detection Coverage ............................................................................................................... 10

2.3 Exposure to Flare Radiation................................................................................................... 11

2.4 Flexibility of mounting location ............................................................................................... 11

2.5 Mounting Arrangements......................................................................................................... 11

2.6 Thermal Disruption................................................................................................................. 11

2.7 Optical Contamination............................................................................................................ 11

2.8 Enclosed Areas ...................................................................................................................... 11

2.9 Fog (and other airborne obscurants) ..................................................................................... 12

2.10 Detector Sensitivity............................................................................................................. 12

2.11 Detector Field of View ........................................................................................................ 13

2.12 Alternative Lenses .............................................................................................................. 13

3 System Engineering ...................................................................................................................... 14

3.1 Device Requirements............................................................................................................. 14


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.1.1 Earthing & Screening Requirements .............................................................................. 14

3.1.2 Power Supply.................................................................................................................. 15

3.1.3 RS485 Communications ................................................................................................. 17

3.1.4 Video (twisted pair) ......................................................................................................... 17

3.1.5 Video (Coaxial) ............................................................................................................... 17

3.2 Connection Topologies .......................................................................................................... 18

3.2.1 Point to Point Connection ............................................................................................... 18

3.2.2 Multi-drop Looping .......................................................................................................... 18

3.2.3 Coaxial Video Connection............................................................................................... 19

3.3 Detector Threshold Configuration .......................................................................................... 19

3.4 Cable Selection ...................................................................................................................... 20

3.4.1 General Guidance........................................................................................................... 21

3.4.2 DC Power........................................................................................................................ 21

3.4.3 Video (Coaxial) ............................................................................................................... 22

3.4.4 Video (Twisted Pair)........................................................................................................ 22

3.4.5 RS485 Communication ................................................................................................... 23

3.5 Fibre Optic Cabling ................................................................................................................ 24

4 Installation ..................................................................................................................................... 25

4.1 General Requirements ........................................................................................................... 25

4.2 Preparation............................................................................................................................. 25

4.3 Camera................................................................................................................................... 26

4.4 Remote Controllers ................................................................................................................ 26

4.5 Master Station (CCR)............................................................................................................. 26

4.6 Electrical Installation .............................................................................................................. 27

4.7 Cable Installation.................................................................................................................... 27

5 Configuration ................................................................................................................................. 28

5.1 Setting Hardware Links .......................................................................................................... 28

5.2 Setting Baseboard Address ................................................................................................... 29

5.2.1 Discover a device where the device address is unknown (not 200h)............................ 30

5.2.2 Recording Device Address. ............................................................................................ 30

5.3 Setting Threshold Configuration............................................................................................. 31

5.4 Uploading New Firmware....................................................................................................... 31

6 Operation....................................................................................................................................... 32

6.1.1 Acknowledge................................................................................................................... 32


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


6.1.2 Reset............................................................................................................................... 32

6.1.3 Inhibit............................................................................................................................... 32

6.1.4 Device Local Menu ......................................................................................................... 32

7 Maintenance.................................................................................................................................. 33

8 Fault Finding.................................................................................................................................. 34

8.1 Diagnostics............................................................................................................................. 34

8.1.1 Led Indication (Detector Status) ..................................................................................... 34

8.1.2 Power Supply.................................................................................................................. 35

8.1.3 RS485 Communications ................................................................................................. 36

8.1.4 Live Video Images .......................................................................................................... 37

8.2 Replacement and Repair ....................................................................................................... 37


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


1 General Introduction

1.1 Safety Instructions

For the correct and effective use of this equipment, to maintain safety and avoid hazards it is

essential that you read and understand these instructions and act accordingly BEFORE installing,

operating or maintaining the equipment.

1.1.1 Warnings

• This equipment is certified for, and intended for, use in potentially hazardous areas. Install and use the equipment in accordance with the latest regulations.

• For UK installations BS/EN60079-14 'Electrical Installations in Hazardous Areas' and BS/EN60079-17 'Inspection and Maintenance in Hazardous Areas' should be strictly observed.

• For installations in North America the National Electrical Code (NEC) should be strictly observed.

• Elsewhere the appropriate local or national regulation should be used.

• The equipment must be properly earthed to protect against electrical shock and minimise electrical interference.

• Do not drill holes in any housing or enclosure, as this will invalidate the explosion protection.

• Ensure that the enclosure lid is fully tightened and locked into position before energising the equipment.

• Do not open the enclosure in the presence of an explosive atmosphere.

• All permits and proper site procedure and practices must be followed and the equipment must be isolated from the power supply before opening the enclosure in the field.

• Operators must be properly trained and aware of what actions to take in the event of a fire being detected.

• Repair of equipment should only be performed in a safe area and only by trained personnel.

1.1.2 Cautions

• Use only approved parts and accessories with this equipment.

• To maintain safety standards, commissioning and regular maintenance should be performed by qualified personnel.

1.1.3 Important Notices

• Pay attention to the guidelines given throughout this document.

• If in any doubt ask your local sales representative or contact Micropack (Engineering) Ltd.

• Micropack (Engineering) Ltd take no responsibility for installation and/or use of its equipment if this is not in accordance with the appropriate issue and/or amendment of the manual.

• Micropack (Engineering) Ltd reserve the right to change or revise the information contained herein without notice and without obligation to notify any person or organisation of such action.

Pay particular attention to all Safety Warnings, Cautions and Important Notices.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


1.2 System Overview


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


1.2.1 Flame Detection Camera (iFDC101 p/n 2200.0000)

The flame detectors are mounted within an Eex’d’ enclosure certified for operation in Zone 1, gas

group IIA hazardous areas. The precise number and location of the detectors is designed to meet

the site performance target. The flame detector's field of view is fixed to ensure the correct

coverage is achieved. The cameras operate in a standalone capacity, which is to say that as long

as the camera is powered (from 24Vdc) it will function as a flame detector. The cameras report

their status information over an RS485 communication network. Furthermore, each camera

provides a real time video image allowing operators to immediately see the hazard and assess risk.

1.2.2 Hub Controller (iHUB48516 p/n 2200.0030)

The hub controllers are mounted inside control panels located within either the hazardous or non-

hazardous area dependant on the system design philosophy. The hubs manage the RS485

communication network and are designed to detect and report alarm status, failed devices or

troublesome communication. The hubs act as marshalling points for the field device signalling. All

devices whether flame detectors, relay drivers, video switchers, or other hubs must be connected

to the master hub.

1.2.3 Video Switcher (iVIDEO164 p/n 2200.0040)

The video switchers are mounted inside control panels located within either the hazardous or non-

hazardous area dependant on the system design philosophy. The video switchers control the

routing of up to four video images (flame detectors) to the operator display terminals.

1.2.4 Relay Driver (iRELAY163 p/n 2200.0050)

The hub controllers are mounted inside control panels located within either the hazardous or non-

hazardous area dependant on the system design philosophy. The relay drivers provide plant-wide

control actions and interface to a central control system or directly to external devices.

1.2.5 Display Terminal (iDAH95)

The operator within the Central Control Room (CCR) is provided with full display and alarm

handling facilities. The system supports facilities for the connection of remote portable display and

alarm handling equipment.

1.2.6 RS485 Converter (iRS2485IF p/n 3100.0012)

The RS485 converter acts as an interface between the RS232C standard port within the Display

Terminal PC and the RS485 communications used throughout the CCTV system.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


1.2.7 Video Converter (VTP4 p/n 3100.0026)

The VTP4 converts the twisted pair video signals used throughout the CCTV system to a coaxial

video signal most commonly used on commercial CCTV systems and the Display Terminal PC.

1.2.8 Video Converter (BNC4 p/n 3100.0025)

The BNC4 converts the coaxial video signal most commonly used on commercial CCTV systems

to the twisted pair video signals used throughout the CCTV system. This allows video sources

from conventional CCTV equipment to be connected to the CCTV system,

1.2.9 Video Recorder

The video recorder is used to record fire alarm events to be recorded for either post event analysis

or improvements in the flame detection algorithms.

1.3 Hazardous area procedures

Always follow site procedures and practices before opening or installing equipment located in the

hazardous area and that all inhibits or over-rides are in place.

• Equipment should always be powered down.

• Allow time for electrical circuits to fully de-energise.

• Always follow the equipment manufacturer's procedures.

• Always ensure that the equipment flame path and or seals are in good condition, follow the appropriate maintenance procedures.

1.4 Manual Handling

Unless proper precautions are taken, then damage can occur to the Flame Detector Electronics in

the following ways:

• Physical damage as a result of drops and knocks.

• Electrical Damage resulting from electrostatic discharge during human contact.

• Chemical damage, during transport or storage, due water or condensation forming, contamination from oil, grease or corrosive attack from acid or alkaline.

Therefore, always ensure:

• The correct tools are used for the job.

• The equipment is powered down before removal or handling of the electronics.

• Keep the electronics clean, dry and free from sources of contamination.

• When installing equipment do not remove from the anti-static packaging or shipping carton until required.

• When removing equipment always have the appropriate anti-static packaging or shipping carton available and transfer sensitive equipment immediately into the packaging.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


2 Application Guidelines

In considering the application of the detector it is important to know of any conditions that may

prevent the detector from responding. The detector provides reliable response to visible flames

and insensitivity to common false alarm sources. Protection is provided within its field of view.

Solid obstructions or a direct view of intense light sources may result in partial reduction in the

coverage and/or a reduction in the detector sensitivity. The construction of scaffolding or tarpaulins

in the detector's field of view will reduce the coverage. Additionally, contamination of the detector

window will result in a partial reduction in sensitivity.

The detector provides a CCTV video image for surveillance of the protected area. As with

conventional CCTV cameras, the detector should not face directly towards the sun. In such

conditions the detector’s automatic exposure control will darken the image to prevent overexposure

and the resultant picture may be too dark for surveillance purposes. To obtain the best possible

picture the detector should be facing away from the sun. In the case of an FPSO, where the vessel

is moving, the detectors should face inwards with minimal view of the horizon.

With the standard lens the detector has a horizontal field of view of 90° and a vertical field of view of

75°. The location and orientation of the detector in relation to the protected area determines the

actual footprint. Achieving the desired coverage depends on the congestion within the protected

space, the location of the detector(s) and the distance of the detector from the hazard. It may be

necessary to install more than one detector within an area to achieve adequate coverage.

For special applications it is possible to change the detector's coverage by selecting a suitable wide

or narrow angle lens (i.e. changing the field of view and depth of field / range). A narrow angle lens

(9°) offers 10x magnification increased range of operation to over 100m (up to 200m).

The detector sensitivity, expressed as fire Radiant Heat Output (RHO) at a distance, is determined

visually by the apparent size of the fire. This is a function of the fuel source, how it is released and

distance from the detector faceplate to the fire.

In common with other forms of flame detection the detector’s sensitivity is reduced and potentially

blinded by dense airborne obscurants such as smoke, fog and other airborne particulate. The

detector is insensitive to arc welding, however it should not be conducted within 3m of the detector.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


Typical Coverage

SHADOW

Ground / Floor Level

20m5m 10m 15m

5m

Obstruction

Vertical View (75°)

2.1 Siting requirements

The following guidelines have been based on operational feedback, reflecting commonly

experienced problems, which can be traced to a failure to observe the following:

• Ensure the mounting position is free from vibration or movement.

• Prevent accidental knocking or forcing out of alignment .

• Where snow or ice build up is likely, the heater should be enabled.

• To ensure the best possible video image the detector should be facing away from the sun.

• Isolate as far as possible from local electrical interference sources.

• Sufficient detection to ensure adequate coverage for all likely hazards.

• Minimise exposure to contamination of the detector face plate.

• Ensure ease of maintenance access to detector (i.e. direct, ladder or scaffold access).

All these issues are of crucial importance to a successful installation and they should be afforded

great attention during the detailed design, construction and commissioning phases of the work.

2.2 Detection Coverage

Detection can be located from computer models or from site surveys. The detectors should be

aligned to view the intended hazard taking into account any obstruction and congestion

Figure 1 Example Detector Coverage and Field of View

Software analysis of the proposed detector coverage may be required to assure adequate

coverage of the hazards. This analysis can also be used to optimise the number of detectors.

Typical Coverage

SHADOW

20m5m 10m 15m

20m

5m10

m15

m

Obstruction

Horizontal View (90°)

Note The detector provides fire alarm coverage to all areas within its field of view unless hidden by solid obstructions or intense light sources.

It may be necessary to install a number of detectors to provide adequate coverage and to meet the site performance targets.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


2.3 Exposure to Flare Radiation

Flame detectors are frequently used where hydrocarbon fire hazards are expected, typically

process plant and engine room hazards. The detector should not have a direct view the flare. If this

cannot be avoided the flare should be masked out to prevent an alarm being detected using the

built-in alarm masking facility.

2.4 Flexibility of mounting location

The detector requires a clear unobstructed view of the local hazard. In order to avoid local

obstructions, such as pipe-work and cable trays, a 2m helix should be provided in the detector

cable to allow local repositioning of the detector.

2.5 Mounting Arrangements

Firm, vibration free mountings are essential for trouble free operation of optical systems and the

detector should, wherever possible, be fixed to comparably rigid mountings.

2.6 Thermal Disruption

Thermal convection plumes and exhaust gas plumes generally exhibit a visual ‘mirage’ effect. In

most cases this does not affect detector operation or sensitivity. The detector does not respond to

black body radiation (such as turbine exhausts).

2.7 Optical Contamination

There are many sources of contamination such as oil, water (deluge water, rain and sea-spray),

snow and ice and internal misting. The design of the detector incorporates an internal heater and

hydrophillic-coated glass (inner and outer surfaces) to assist in maintaining the optical surfaces.

Excessive contamination of the detector faceplate will result in an increased maintenance

requirement and potentially reduce the detector’s sensitivity. Where detectors are mounted at low

level, care should be taken to avoid contamination (such as water and oil) from equipment above

the detector. Care should be taken in siting the detector to minimise the likelihood of such

contamination.

2.8 Enclosed Areas

In enclosed areas, if dense smoke is expected to accumulate at the onset of the fire, the detectors

should be mounted 1 to 2m below the ceiling level.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


2.9 Fog (and other airborne obscurants)

Fog, smoke and potentially other similar airborne contaminants affect the detector’s sensitivity by

reducing the detector’s range. In general the detector’s range is limited to the Meteorological

Optical Range or M.O.R. The M.O.R. represents the range of human visibility as defined by the

MET office and is expressed as 'meters of visibility', i.e. the attenuation of light over a given

distance.

×−=

τe

eLMORVisibilitylog

20log][

( )100[%]1 ÷−== Opacityvitytransmissiτ

Equation 1 Meteorological Optical Range (M.O.R.) Calculation

For example, this means an M.O.R. distance of 20 meters results in the detector having a

maximum range of 20 meters.

2.10 Detector Sensitivity

The detector’s response to a fire is a function of the fuel source, how it is released, fire size and

distance, orientation to the detector, local ambient conditions and the detector threshold settings.

The detector sensitivity to different fuel sources is dependent on the apparent size of the flame, ie,

is inversely proportional to distance, approximately equivalent to a square-law. For example with

the detector sensitivity set to 10kW @ 10m the detector would equally respond to a 2.5KW fire at

5m or a 22.5kW fire at 15m. The corrected fire size for detector sensitivity setting versus distance

(2.5m to 20m) is shown in the following table:

Table 1 Actual Fire Size for Detector Sensitivity Setting vs Detection Distance

Detector Sensitivity Setting Detection Distance (m)

5 kW 10 kW 15 kW 20 kW 50 kW

2.5 0.315 kW 0.63 kW 0.945 kW 1.26 kW 3.15 kW

5 1.25 kW 2.5 kW 3.75 kW 5 kW 12.5 kW

7.5 2.815 kW 5.63 kW 8.445 kW 11.26 kW 28.15 kW

10 5 kW 10 kW 15 kW 20 kW 50 kW

15 11.25 kW 22.5 kW 33.75 kW 45 kW 112.5 kW

20 20 kW 40 kW 60 kW 80 kW 200 kW

Note: The values shown in Italics are the actual fire size in kW RHO.

L = measurement path length

τ = transmissivity (optical attenuation)

Opacity is the measurement of optical attenuation expressed as a percentage between 0% and 100%


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


2.11 Detector Field of View

The CCTV detector does not have a traditional cone of vision like a conventional IR flame detector.

The detector’s field of view is a rectangular pyramidal shape and represents a radial projection of

the detector rectangular sensing element. Refer to attached drawing 2200.6001 for the actual field

of view footprints.

2.12 Alternative Lenses

In special applications requiring long-range operation or a specific field of view it is possible to

change the detector’s coverage by selecting a suitable wide or narrow angle lens. The alarm mask

facility can then be used to precisely define the detection coverage.

The standard detector has a 90° wide-angle lens (1x) while a 9° narrow-angle lens (10x) offers the

longest range (i.e. highest magnification) currently available.

90° Lens (1x) image size 16m (w) x 13m (h) @ 10m range

9° Lens (10x) image size 16m (w) x 13m (h) @ 100m range


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3 System Engineering

The following guidelines are intended to assist with the electrical design and engineering of

systems for use with the visual flame detector and each of the devices within the system. For more

specific details, such as specific terminations, the Technical Manual for each device must be

referred to

3.1 Device Requirements

3.1.1 Earthing & Screening Requirements

It is important to ensure the system is correctly connected to earth. Incorrect or poor earthing can

adversely affect system operation and may result in intermittent RS485 communications and video

image corruption.

The system 0V should be connected to a clean earth at only one point, generally this should be at

the panel power supply (or 0V bus bar). Where PC equipment is connected to the RS485 and

Video signals, care should be taken to ensure that the PC's and Panel's power supply are at the

same ground potential. Even small differences in earth potentials can cause an earth fault current

to flow resulting in video corruption. Where this is not possible either the PC's local supply should

be isolated and the PC's connected to the system clean earth, or alternatively, the Video and

RS485 signals should be isolated. The Micropack twisted pair to BNC video converter (VTP4) and

RS232 to RS485 converter (RS2485IF) can be used so long as the maximum potential difference

between each earth does not exceed +/-6V, as shown below:

In distributed systems with multiple DC-DC power supply units all 0V supplies must be connected

together to a common clean earth. Where this is not possible each system can either be

AC/AC Isolator

PC DISPLAY PC DISPLAY

RS2485IF

VTP4

LocalMains

RS2485IF

Supply

VideoIsolator

RS232 to485 Interface

Supply

System Clean Earth

Local Earth

Local Earth

Local Earth

RS232 to485 Interface

Optional Isolation if PC'sare not powered from the

panel supply

Optional Video Isolator(s) to allowPC's to be powered from local supply

(earth must be within +/-5V)


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


Detector(s) RS485 orVideo Signals

Cable Resistance

Cable Resistance

+Supply

0V Supply

+VSupply

+18VSupply

Minimum

HUB orVideo Switch

Cable Volt Drop+4V (Max)

(V=Current x Resistance)

Cable Volt Drop

DetectorSupply Current

connected to a local clean earth so long as the maximum potential difference between each earth

does not exceed +4 to -1Vdc, alternatively the Video and RS485 signals can be galvanically

isolated from the central system. Where earth fault monitoring is used care should be taken to

ensure that the system 0V to earth potential is not exceeded.

The detector enclosure is to be connected to a local earth and the detector cable screens (shields)

should be cut back to the crotch and not terminated within the detector. If the detector enclosure

cannot be connected to a local earth then care should be taken to ensure the cable armour braid

provides a suitable earth or that the enclosure earth stud (external) is separately connected to a

suitable earth point using a single core 4mm2 earth cable.

All detector cable screens should be connected to the local clean earth at the control panel. The

screens (and twisted pairs) should be maintained to within 1" (25.4mm) of the terminations at the

detector, within all junction boxes and at the control panel. Where unscreened cables are used for

panel wiring, then all cables must be suitably twisted into pairs and video cables should be

segregated from other signal sources.

3.1.2 Power Supply

Each device requires an absolute minimum supply voltage of 18V, measured at the device

terminals. The system power supply voltage and power distribution should be arranged such that

on the longest cable run the detector(s) has a supply voltage of greater than 18V. All devices must

share a common 0V supply. In distributed systems with multiple DC-DC power supply units all 0V

supplies must be connected together. Where this is not possible the RS485 and Video signals may

need to be galvanically isolated, such as with a fibre optic transceiver.

To prevent RS485 communications or video corruption the maximum volt drop on the 0V return

must not exceed +4V or -1V, refer to figure below. Voltages greater than these will exceed the

common mode input range of the RS485 and Video drivers. Power supply cable selection is

described in section 3.4 Cable Selection.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


Figure 2 Detector Power Supply Cabling


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.1.3 RS485 Communications

The RS485 twisted pair cable is connected to the detector RS485-A signal on terminal 5 and the

RS485-B signal on terminal 6. It is possible to multi-drop more than one detector using twisted pair

cabling. The RS485 line termination link J2 an J3 for channels A & B respectively, located on the

detector baseboard, should be fitted if the detector is either the last detector of a multi-drop loop or

where only one detector is fitted. Each detector represents one RS485 unit load. A maximum of

32 devices, either detectors or other RS485 compatible equipment, can be connected to a single

transmission line.

3.1.4 Video (twisted pair)

The video twisted pair cable is connected to the detector +Video signal on terminal 9 and the

-Video signal on terminal 10. It is possible to multi-drop more than one detector using twisted pair

video cabling. The video line termination link J4, located on the detector baseboard, should be

fitted if the detector is either the last detector of a multi-drop loop or where only one detector is

fitted. A maximum of 6 detectors can be connected in a multi-drop loop.

3.1.5 Video (Coaxial)

The video coaxial cable is connected to the detector +Video signal on terminal 9 (coax conductor)

and the Video ground on terminal 11 (coax screen). Care should be taken when connecting to

commercial video equipment as the Video ground is often connected to the equipment 0V or earth.

This can result in the detector supply current returning through the coaxial cable screen, which may

affect the video quality. In such cases the detector supply cables should be increased in size to

reduce cable volt drop to a minimum. The video line termination link J4 should not be fitted. It is

not possible to multi-drop more than one detector using coaxial video cabling.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.2 Connection Topologies

3.2.1 Point to Point Connection

In a point to point connection a single detector is connected to the power, RS485 and Video cables.

This arrangement has the best reliability and availability since any single failure in the field

equipment or cabling affects only the one detector. All line termination links for the RS485 and

Video signals must be fitted at the detector. The example shown below is for twisted pair video.

Figure 3 Detector Point to Point Cable Connection

3.2.2 Multi-drop Looping

In a multi-drop loop connection multiple detectors are connected to the power, RS485 and Video

cables. All line termination links for the RS485 and Video signals must be fitted on the detector at

the end of the loop (Detector A in the example below), all other detectors have their links removed

(Detector B, etc). The example shown below is for twisted pair video. Coaxial video is not possible

with this arrangement.

Figure 4 Detector Mulit-drop Loop Cable Connection

10

123456789

1112

Detector

J1 Power Supply

J2 Line Termination A

J3 Line Termination B

J4 Video Termination

22

131415161718192021

2324

1234

12

+24Vdc0Vdc

RS485.ARS485.B

+Video-Video

HUBController

Video Switcher

RS485 LineTermination

Clean Earth

10

123456789

1112

Detector B(C, D, etc)

J1 Power Supply




22

131415161718192021

2324

1234

12

+24Vdc0Vdc

RS485.ARS485.B

+Video-Video

HUBController

Video Switcher

10

123456789

1112

Detector A

J1 Power Supply




22

131415161718192021

2324

Clean Earth



Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.2.3 Coaxial Video Connection

This arrangement is similar to the twisted pair example except coaxial cabling is used for the video

signal. All line termination links for the RS485 and Video signals must be fitted at the detector.

Figure 5 Detector Coaxial Cable Connection

3.3 Detector Threshold Configuration

The detector has two types of user configuration, the hardware links on the baseboard described

previously and the detector threshold setting. The detector configuration should be recorded in the

project design at a suitable location to ensure that repairs or replacements are correctly configured.

The detector baseboard contains a non-volatile memory, this is used to store all detector thresholds

for the specific detector location (other than the detector alarm mask which is stored on the detector

sensor board). Should the detector sensor board be replaced the replacement will automatically

read the memory and configure itself accordingly. In the event the baseboard needs to be replaced

the replacement will need to be manually reconfigured with the correct configuration. However

since the detector sensor board stores the alarm mask data, should the sensor board be replaced

its replacement will need to be manually reconfigured.

The detector threshold allows the detector operation to be configured for the specific location.

Table 2 Default Detector Threshold Settings

Function/Description Default Comment

Detector Baseboard Address 1200h Set to address (201h to FFFh)

Fire Size 10kW (RHO) Set to performance target

Detector Enclosure Heater Enable Disabled Enable for ambient <16°C

Multi-dropped Video Disabled Enable for muli-drop loop

The detector thresholds should be set appropriately for the installation, refer to “get thresholds” for

details of detector thresholds.

10

123456789

1112

Detector

J1 Power Supply

J2 Line Termination 1

J3 Line Termination 2


22

131415161718192021

2324

1234

12

+24Vdc0Vdc

RS485.ARS485.B

Coaxial Video

HUBController

Video Switcher


Clean Earth


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.4 Cable Selection

The installation and local regulations and standards determine the overall cable specification. This

section specifies suitable cable characteristics to ensure correct operation of the flame detector.

There are many different cabling methods available, each has advantages and disadvantages, and

these are:

1. Video coaxial cable plus combined twisted pairs for DC power and RS485 signals

2. Three twisted pair cable, one each for DC power, RS485 and video signals

3. Four twisted pair cable, two for DC power and one each for RS485 and video signals

4. Two twisted pair cable for DC power and RS485 and separate video coaxial cable

Option three allows smaller conductors to be used for RS485 and Video signals with double the

cross sectional area available for the DC power cables.

Table 3 Typical cable lengths (24V Supply)

Installation based on

24V nominal supply

Number

of Flame

Detectors

Maximum

Power

(W)

Maximum Cable Length

(m) with 1.5mm2

Conductors

(12 ohms/Km)

Maximum Cable Length

(m) with 2.5mm2

Conductors

(7.6 ohms/Km)

Detector and Heater 1 18 333 506

Detector (no Heater) 1 6 1,000 1,578

Detector and Heater 4 72 83 131

Detector (no Heater) 4 24 250 395

Note: increasing the supply voltage to 26V would increase the maximum cable lengths by +40%.

Table 4 AWG Conversion Table

Cross Sectional Area

(mm2)

American Wire

Gauge (AWG)

Typical Conductor Resistance per Km (3280ft)

DC Ohms/Km @ 20°C (approximate)

0.5 22 36

1 18 19

1.5 16 12

2.5 14 7.6


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.4.1 General Guidance

The overall performance and the transmission distance depend on the selected twisted pair cable.

Individually screened twisted pairs offer better electrical immunity. When individually screened

twisted pairs are used the transmission distances are considerably reduced due to the higher

capacitance introduced by the screen. The choice between screened and unscreened pairs is a

compromise between transmission distance and immunity towards noise and crosstalk. (When

multiple detector signals are carried on a single cable the pairs must be individually screened to

prevent interference). Avoid locating unscreened twisted pair cable parallel to cables carrying high-

speed data or high energy and/or high frequency signals.

3.4.2 DC Power

It is not necessary for the DC power cable to be a twisted pair or individually screened, a 2-core

stranded cable with an overall screen is sufficient. The minimum conductor size is determined by

the cable length, the number of Flame Detectors on each loop and the maximum allowed voltage

drop at the last detector. To prevent RS485 and Video common mode problems this is limited to a

maximum of four volts (4V) on the negative supply.

( )2

4 minmin VdVsVVpd

−=≤

×÷

=Km

pd

Km L

VsNPd

V

R min

Equation 2 DC Supply Conductor Resistance Calculation

Use the value of Rkm calculated above to select a suitable gauge of conductor, alternatively, to

calculate the maximum cable length from a known conductor resistance swap Rkm and Lkm in the

above equation. The supply voltage and cable cross-sectional area (which equates to its

resistance) limits the maximum cable length, increasing the supply voltage (up-to a maximum of

32V) can dramatically increase cable length.

Prudence dictates that a cable is selected with a lower resistance than calculated above, with

sufficient allowance for the effects of crimps, terminals and ageing which can increase overall

resistance. Where a single cable cross sectional area cannot be found to satisfy both the needs of

the power and signal conductors consideration should be given to using multiple paralleled

conductors of a smaller cross section for the power.

Vpd = Potential across each conductor (limited to ≤4V)

Vsmin = Minimum Supply Voltage

Vdmin = Minimum Detector Voltage (18V)

Pd = 18 watts per Flame Detector (inc. Heater) or 6 watts excluding Heater

N = Number of Detector

LKm = Cable Length In Kilometres

RKm = Maximum Conductor Resistance per Kilometres


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.4.3 Video (Coaxial)

The video cable should be low loss (attenuation) 75R coaxial cable with a stranded conductor to

facilitate crimping, such as equivalent to RG59 or RG11, with the following characteristics:

Table 5 Video (Coaxial) Cable Characteristics

Cable

Characteristic

Characteristic

Impedence

Capacitance Conductor

Resistance

Attenuation @

1MHz

Inductance

Nominal 75R 62pf/m - - - - - -

Absolute Limit - - 75pf/m <150R 6db - -

The maximum cable length is determined by the cable manufacturer's attenuation specification,

typically 300m, as shown in the calculation below. Coaxial video cabling generally produces the

highest video quality and allows the use of commercial CCTV video switching equipment.

kmdbkm AAL ÷=

Equation 3 Video (Coaxial) Cable Length Calculation

3.4.4 Video (Twisted Pair)

The video cabling should be a twisted pair stranded cable with an overall screen. Where multi-core

cables are used then individual screened twisted pairs are recommended. The cable should have

the following characteristics:

Table 6 Video (Twisted Pair) Cable Characteristics

Cable

Characteristic

Characteristic

Impedence


Resistance

Attenuation @

1MHz

Inductance

Nominal 150R 50nf/Km - - - - - -

Absolute Limit 90R to 150R 100nf/Km 150R 6db 0.7mH/Km

The maximum cable length is dependent on the cable manufacturers attenuation specification,

which is approximately proportional to conductor size. The characteristic impedance of a

transmission line is a function of the physical dimensions of the conductor and the permittivity of the

dielectric (the insulation), at high frequencies this is approximately equivalent to:

CLZo ÷=Ω)(

Equation 4 Characteristic Impedence Calculation

L = Cable Inductance (mH)

C = Cable Capacitance (uF)

Zo = Characteristic Impedence (Ohms)

Adb = Attenuation Limit (db)

Am = Cable Attenuation per Kilometre (db/km)

Lkm = Cable length in Kilometres


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.4.5 RS485 Communication

The RS485 communications cabling should be a twisted pair stranded cable with an overall screen.

Where multi-core cables are used then individual screened twisted pairs are recommended. The

cable should have the following characteristics:

Table 7 RS485 Communications Cable Characteristics

Cable

Characteristic

Characteristic

Impedence


Resistance

Attenuation @

1MHz

Inductance

Nominal 120R 50nf/Km - - - - - -

Absolute Limit 90R to 150R 100nf/Km 150R 12db 0.7mH/Km

The maximum cable length is dependent on the cable manufacturers attenuation specification,

which is approximately proportional to conductor size. The characteristic impedance of a

transmission line is the same as for the video above.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


3.5 Fibre Optic Cabling

Fibre Optic transmission equipment is available from third party companies. Their products are

available 'commercially off the shelf' (COTS) and are intended for use in CCTV and security

applications. Typically the equipment provides simultaneous transmission of up-to four 75 Ohm

PAL Video signals and one channel of bi-directional RS485 communications along a single multi-

mode fibre (62.5/125um).

When selecting suitable equipment care should be taken in selecting the fibre type (single or multi-

mode) and in calculating the optical budget. The optical budget should consider the actual make-

up of the fibre path including:

• fibre attenuation per Km (at the transmission wavelengths)

• all splices and connectors

• rotary couplings/slip rings

• the total path length

• an allowance for the long term affects of ageing, etc

An example worse case optical budget is shown below:

Fibre Optic Losses 780nm Comment 1300nm Comment

Rotary Coupling Insertion Losses1 5.5dB 5.5dB

Rotary Coupling Spectral Variation2 -- 1.5dB

Splice / Connector Losses3 4dB 8 @ 0.5dB 4dB 8 @ 0.5dB

Fibre Optic Cable Losses4 3dB 1km @ 3dB/km 1dB 1km @ 1dB/km

Total Losses 12.5dB 12dB

Transmission Equipment Available Budget5 14dB 14dB

Available Budget 1.5dB 2dB

The available optical budget, after losses, is better than 1.5dB. This is sufficient to allow for the

effects of installation variations and ageing.

1 Taken from Focal Inc “fibre optic swivel specification” February 8, 1998

2 Taken from discussion with Focal Inc. engineering staff November, 1998

3 Based on maintaining high quality (cut and polished) spliced connections (typically <0.25db)

4 Taken from Anixter Canada quotation 09522 and technical attachments for a typical multi-mode fibre

5 Taken from Coe Ltd S-400 technical data sheets (later revised from 12db to 14db)


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


4 Installation

This section discusses the requirements for the erection and installation of all related components

of the CCTV Flame Detection System. The objectives of are to ensure that all items are correctly

erected and installed without damage and undue deterioration. Installation is normally conducted in

two stages:

Phase One Mechanical installation of camera enclosures and remote controllers.

Phase Two Installation of electronic components for detectors, CER, CCR and remote

controllers.

4.1 General Requirements

All CCTV Flame Detection System components are shipped ex-works suitably packaged.

Reference should be made to the relevant ‘Unpacking & Preservation Procedures’ prior to

commencement of erection and installation operations.

During the erection and installation process, care should be taken at all times to prevent the risk of

damage to the CCTV Flame Detection System equipment from all forms of mechanical, electrical

or corrosive damage, such as that resulting from improper storage, unpacking, lifting, manual

handling, or modification.

Modification of any part of the supplied CCTV equipment, components or associated equipment

can only be performed with the written consent of Micropack.

Following successful erection and installation, precautions must continue to be taken to avoid

subsequent damage to the CCTV Flame Detection System equipment. These should include

wrapping the equipment in plastic to provide protection from other continuing work, such as

painting.

4.2 Preparation

All packaging, protection and preservation materials associated with CCTV Flame Detection

System components must be completely removed prior to commencement of erection and

installation operations.

When locating the CCTV Flame Detection System equipment, access and space must be provided

for cabling, detector field of view (FOV) adjustment, maintenance and panel/door access where

appropriate.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


4.3 Camera

Flame Detector installation supports and mounting arrangements should be clean and free from

obstructions prior to commencement of erection and installation operations. Alignment between

the equipment support/mounting plate and CCTV Flame Detector bracket must be checked, prior

to fixing, in accordance with the project documentation.

The detector mount consists of two stainless steel brackets which are bolted together. This bracket

assembly is fitted to the intended mount location using the bolts provided. These bolts are inserted

through the hole and slotted arc details which are to the rear of the bracket.

To fit the detector to the mount bracket, the pair of M6 cap head bolts should be inserted into the

rear of the detector enclosure and screwed partially down. The cap heads then engage with the

keyhole slots on the mount bracket, at which point they can be fully tightened.

4.4 Remote Controllers

Remote Controller supports should be checked to ensure they are the same as those detailed in

the project documentation. The area should be free from obstructions and objects that could

damage the remote controller, both during handling and installation.

All CCTV Flame Detection System control panels must be manoeuvred into the correct position

and orientation using suitable lifting equipment prior to erection operations. During such operations,

slings and designated lifting points must be used at all times, ensuring an equal distribution of

loading at each lift point. The maintenance envelope around the controllers should allow the

individual enclosure doors to be fully opened, ie 180o, with out meeting any obstructions. The frame

will be bonded to the main system earth in line with project specifications.

4.5 Master Station (CCR)

The CCR console should be inspected to ensure the space provided is the same as that detailed

the project documentation. The fixing arrangements should also be reviewed and any adjustments

made to allow secure fixing of the equipment to meet with project requirements.

The Display & Alarm Handling PC’s are to be installed as per specific project requirements.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


4.6 Electrical Installation

On a typical project, Micropack will install all the following electronic components and their

associated internal wiring:

• Fibre Optic connections.

• Final termination of PSU cabling to panels.

• Final termination of intersystem cables.

• All supplier prefabricated plug & socket cables.

Typically, the project will be responsible for the installation of cable as outlined below.

• All field cables.

• All unused cores.

• All intersystem cables.

• PSU cabling to CER panel.

When terminating to Micropack equipment, the Project’s responsibility is limited to the gland entries,

cable tray and field side terminals only, and will usually be detailed in the relevant project general

assembly drawings.

Care must be exercised by Project personnel when installing and terminating cables into control

panels to ensure damage does not occur to equipment or components contained therein.

Following installation completion, the CCTV Flame Detection System shall undergo full earthing

and insulation tests, in accordance with commissioning procedures, prior to ‘power-up’.

4.7 Cable Installation

Cable access to and from the CCTV Flame Detection System components must be provided

where appropriate. Segregation from power sources/cables and other forms electrical interference

must be maintained during all cable routing operations.

Installation must be arranged such that subsequent detector removal, for maintenance or repair,

can be easily achieved. All cable connections shall be supported and maintained in suitable project

standard electrical tray or racking.

All CCTV Flame Detection System cables shall be installed using specified cable glands and

avoiding the need for excessive bending or any form of working practices that may compromise

operation of the CCTV Flame Detection System. Cable armour and screens must be installed and

terminated in accordance with project requirements.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


5 Configuration

When installing new hardware or after replacement of existing hardware it is necessary to ensure

the equipment is correctly configured. This involves setting the hardware links, baseboard address,

and threshold configuration and checking the firmware revision appropriately for the equipment tag

location.

5.1 Setting Hardware Links

Before replacing the equipment copy the link setting from the old to the new equipment. Where this

is not possible refer to the system design drawings where records of the correct link configuration

will be kept. When replacing any of the following equipment the hardware links should be

checked/set:

1. Flame Detector Baseboard

2. Hub Controller Baseboard

3. Video Switcher Main board & Baseboard

4. Relay Driver Baseboard

5. RS485 Converter

The following equipment does not require any hardware links:

1. VTP4 Video Converter

2. BNC4 Video Converter

Refer to the relevant equipment technical manuals for details on how to set the hardware links.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


5.2 Setting Baseboard Address

All devices on the RS485 network must have a unique network address in the range of 001h to

FFFh (hex). All new equipment will have the baseboard address set to 200 hex, this address is

used by the system for a new or unconfigured detector and must not be used as an address for any

other device.

Note: To prevent address conflicts, since all new devices have the same address, only one

new or unconfigured device can be added to the system at a time.

The network recognises every device on the network by the combination of its device class (fixed

dependant on what type of device it is) and its baseboard address, e.g. 1200h is flame detector

address 200h, whereas 6200h is Hub address 200h. There is no conflict between different device

classes with the same baseboard address.

The device classes and device address are given below.

Device Name Device Class Device Address

Flame Detector 1 001h to FFFh, 200h reserved for new unconfigured device

PC Display Terminal 3 001h to FFFh

Video Switcher 5 001h to FFFh, 200h reserved for new unconfigured device

Hub Controller 6 001h to FFFh, 001h reserved for the MASTER HUB, 200h reserved for new device

Relay Driver 7 001h to FFFh, 200h reserved for new unconfigured device

When replacing any of the following equipment the baseboard address should be checked/set:

1. Flame Detector Baseboard.

2. Hub Controller Baseboard.

3. Video Switcher Baseboard.

4. Relay Driver Baseboard.

The following equipment does not require a network address:

1. RS485 Converter.

2. VTP4 Video Converter.

3. BNC4 Video Converter.

4. VCR.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


The network address can be checked and changed for a new device from the display terminal

using the following procedure:

Notes Install the equipment and power on, check that the equipment is in a healthy condition

1 Restart the master Hub firmware (to discover the new hardware).

2 New unconfigured equipment appears in the 'healthy' list in the 'device status' window as ‘New Device’.

3 Bring up the device local menu (mouse right click on the device address) and select 'get threshold'.

4 To change the address select the device address field and enter the required device address, select 'apply' option.

5 To check the address repeat step 4 and check the address field is as previously entered.

6 Bring up the device local menu and select 'restart firmware' to reset the device (the device will now report on the new address and address 200h will be reported as a failure).


8 The new equipment appears in the 'healthy' list in the 'device status' window with the correct address.

Refer to the relevant equipment technical manuals for details of the threshold settings.

5.2.1 Discover a device where the device address is unknown (not 200h)

Ideally all newly installed equipment will be programmed with address 200h, otherwise there is a

high likelihood of a network conflict. Where no network conflict has occurred, i.e. the baseboard

address is not already in use follow the procedure described below.

Notes Install the equipment and power on, check that the equipment is in a healthy condition


2 New unconfigured equipment appears in the 'healthy device' list in the 'device status' window.

3 If the device address is unknown, disconnect or reset the device in question, if the device has been discovered its 'failure' will be annunciated in the 'failed device' window of the 'device status' window.

4 To change the address select the device address field and enter the required device address, select 'apply' option.

Where a network conflict has occurred, i.e. the new equipment has the same address as a device

already resident the system will automatically ignore one of the devices and it will not be possible to

detect that a conflict has occurred. It is therefore recommended that unless the device address is

known the equipment is returned to Micropack (Engineering) Ltd for resetting to address 200h.

5.2.2 Recording Device Address.

It is good practise to label the baseboard with its network address.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


5.3 Setting Threshold Configuration

This threshold settings allows the devices current threshold setting (configuration) to be viewed and

changed. Before replacing equipment copy the threshold setting from the old to the new

equipment. Where this is not possible refer to the system design drawings where record of the

correct link configuration will be kept.

When replacing any of the following equipment the threshold settings should be checked/set:

1. Flame Detector Main board6 & Baseboard

2. Hub Controller Main board7 & Baseboard

3. Video Switcher Baseboard

4. Relay Driver Baseboard

The following equipment does not have any threshold settings:

1. VTP4 Video Converter

2. BNC4 Video Converter

3. RS485 Converter

Refer to the relevant equipment technical manuals for details of the threshold settings.

5.4 Uploading New Firmware

The upload firmware is intended for used by Micropack trained technicians. The detector firmware

(its software programme) can be updated by selecting the 'upload firmware' option on the devices

local menu. The dialogue box allows devices to be programmed individually or all together. It is

recommended that the devices be programmed individually, and that a successful upload is

confirmed by manually checking the firmware revision in 'get settings' option on the devices local

menu. Always ensure the latest firmware version has been installed onto the display PC since this

is used to both programme the detector and to verify the detectors' firmware is at the correct

revision. Uploading firmware can take several minutes during which time the operator should not

begin a second upload or grab picture. The upload progress is displayed in display terminal status

bar at the bottom of the display terminal window. When the upload is completed the detector will

automatically initiate a firmware restart.

6 The flame detector sensor/main board stores alarm mask information internally in its local memory

7 The Master and Primary Hub main boards store the system device list internally in its local memory


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


6 Operation

The display terminal indicates the status of each device accordingly:

Device Status Condition / Description

Green Healthy – OK.

Yellow Device Failed or Communications to the device has failed - Maintenance Required.

Brown Device Warning the device has detected an internal fault - Investigation Required.

Red (flashing) Fire Alarm – not acknowledged.

Red (steady) Fire Alarm – acknowledged.

Blue (border) Device Fire Alarms are Inhibited.

When new conditions occur the device status is indicated by flashing the device icon the

appropriate colour, e.g. flashing red indicates a new fire alarm, and audible alarms are activated.

6.1.1 Acknowledge

Selecting operator 'acknowledge' either on the keyboard (F5) 1 or from the device local menu will

silence the audible indications and set all flashing indications to a steady condition, e.g. the flashing

red becomes a steady red condition.

6.1.2 Reset

Selecting operator 'reset' either on the keyboard (F6) 1 or from the device local menu will reset all

alarm conditions and the alarm indication will either clear or re-occur depending on whether the

flame detector continues to signal a fire alarm condition, such as when the fire is still present. Fault

& Warning conditions automatically clear whenever the condition is removed.

6.1.3 Inhibit

Fire alarms may be 'inhibited' by bringing up the devices 'local menu' and selecting 'inhibit'. When a

flame detector is inhibited its no longer forms part of the systems voting logic, that is to say that

while the device status is indicated as normal no output relays will be affected and plant shutdowns

will not occur.

6.1.4 Device Local Menu

To select the device local menu from the display terminal use the following procedure:

Notes This procedure will work for devices displayed on the area mimics, or within the device status window

1 move the mouse pointer to point at the either the device icon on the mimic or device tag number in the status window.

2 Press the right hand mouse button, the device local menu should appear.

3 Select the desired function from the local menu (available options are displayed in black text) . Menu options displayed 'grey text' are dependant on the device condition these options are not available.

1 Note : Seletion of F5 and F6 will effect changes throughout the entire relevant fire zone, not just on individual devices.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


7 Maintenance

Only the flame detector requires regular maintenance. The maintenance schedule is intended for

guidance only. The actual level of maintenance required is dependant on the detector’s operating

environment and the likelihood of damage or the rate of contamination from oil or sea spray.

Where there is no operating history it is advisable to regularly review the maintenance reports and

adapt the maintenance period to the operating environment.

Step Periodic Inspection and Maintenance Suggested Interval

1-6 General Inspection and maintenance of the detector and faceplate. 6 monthly

6-14 Specific inspection and maintenance of the detector enclosure. 12 monthly

16 Detector function testing. 6 monthly

Step Activity Key Points

1 Detectors that require maintenance should be inhibited. Detectors which require to be opened up will need to be isolated electrically.

Ensure that panel wiring and terminations associated with all units under test are in good order .

2 Ensure that detector mounting arrangements are secure and undamaged.

3 Ensure that the detector enclosure is intact and undamaged.

4 Ensure that all associated cables and glands are correctly made up, secure and undamaged.

5 Clean the enclosure faceplate (outside) with a mild detergent solution and a soft cloth until the window is clear of all contamination. Wash the window thoroughly with clean water and dry with a clean lint free cloth or tissue.

Assess requirement for opening the enclosure, for maintenance or cleaning, follow steps 6 to 14.

6 Open up the detector enclosure if required, by loosening the grub screw and removing the enclosure cover. This exposes the enclosure flame path and detector electronics.

Avoid damage to the flame path and faceplate.

7 Clean the enclosure cover and body flame paths with a dry clean cloth to remove any contamination. If the flame path or threads are badly pitted the component should be replaced.

8 Check the 'O' ring seal on the enclosure cover is not damaged or perished, replace as required. Note the ingress protection is compromised if the seal is not correct.

9 Clean the enclosure faceplate (inside) with a mild detergent solution and a soft cloth until the window is clear of all contamination. Wash the window thoroughly with clean water and dry with a clean lint free cloth or tissue

10 Non-setting waterproof grease should be evenly applied to the flame path on both the enclosure cover and body.

11 Visually inspect detector electronics and inside the enclosure body for any sign of damage or moisture, replace or rectify as required.

12 The enclosure cover must be screwed on to a minimum of 5 full turns or until fully tight and secured using the locking screw provided.

13 Reinstate the detector back into service.

14 Ensure that inhibits are applied, then, using the flame test torch, function test the detector. Note the detector LED indicator, within the detector housing, changes colour to RED.

Check the complete display system for correct function and indication.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


8 Fault Finding

8.1 Diagnostics

It is impossible to provide fault diagnostics for every possible detector fault. The following

flowcharts represent the most likely faults. In all cases it is advised the following best practice is the

key to successful diagnosis:

• Only make one change at a time (changing more than one thing makes diagnosis very difficult).

• Check the most obvious possible causes first.

• Work systematically through the problem.

• Keep good notes on the original problem, each step taken and the results observed.

8.1.1 Led Indication (Detector Status)

The detector LED indicator is used to reveal the detectors current state, as shown below:

Detector HealthyLED Steady

Green?YES

LED SteadyOFF?

NO

Power FailedCheck powerdistribution

YES

LED Flashing(Slowly) Green?

NO

Watchdog TrippedReplace Detector

Sensor BoardYES

LED Flashing(Fast) Green?

NO

Detector BaseboardAddress set to Default

YES

LED FlashingYellow?

NO

Diagnostic FailureReplace Detector

Sensor BoardYES

LED SteadyYellow?

NO

Disgnostic OpticalFault - Check Detector

YES

LED CyclingGreen-Yellow-

Red?

NO

YESDetector Restart

Condition

LED SteadyRed?

YES FIRE ALARM

NO

Check LED Status

Figure 6 LED Status Diagnostic Chart

Refer to the following sections on diagnosing Power Supply, RS485 communications and Video

faults.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


8.1.2 Power Supply

If the detector LED indicator is OFF then there may be a power supply fault, as shown below:

Power FailedDetector LED OFF

Found the break?

Detector LEDON?

Is PowerSupplyON?Turn it ON NO

Is +24V Present &correct Polarity?

YES

Measure the voltage atBaseboard Terminals:

1 (& 3) +24V, 2 (& 4) 0V

Power Distribution FaultCheck the polarity, sourcefuse, cabling, crimps and

junction boxes

NO YES

Plug the detector intobaseboard

Measure the voltage onthe detector heater

(24V) and screw headH1, 2, 3 or 4 (0V)

NO

Is +24V Present?Replace Baseboard NO Replace DetectorYES

Check LED conditionYES

YES

NO

Figure 7 Power Supply Diagnostic Chart

When investigating power supply faults it is important to check that all voltages are within the

detectors operating range (18V to 32V) under full load conditions as the voltages measured under

no load conditions can be misleading.


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


8.1.3 RS485 Communications

If the RS485 communications are poor or completely failed the problem could be due to a great

number of possible causes. If the communications to the detector were formerly OK this simplifies

the number of possible causes to those shown below. Familiarity with this chart will also help

diagnose communications faults during commissioning.

Whatis the LED

status?

Communications Fault(device formerly OK)

Restart Master Hub

Are their NONE orPOOR Comms?

Transient ProblemIf persists treat as poor

communications

NONECheck Detector

LED Status

DefaultBaseboard Address

Healthyor Alarm

PowerFault or

FailedDetector

Rectify Power Failureor Replace Detector

Check for address 1200on the Display PC

'Device Status' window'sHealthy List

IsDetector Address

Present?

Change the deviceaddress to the correct

one for the detector taglocation

YESTotal Cable FaultInvestigate as poor

commsNO Return to start

POORTermination, Cabling

or Detector/HUBBaseboard Fault

Check terminations linksare set correctly

Check cable continuityensure all crimps,

terminals, screens andcabling are correct

Are their CommsOK?

NOReplace Detector

Baseboard

YES

If problem persist check(replace if needed) associated

HUB Controller

Perform acommunications test on

the suspect camera

Did this curethe Fault?

NO YES

System Cabling PrecautionsUse best practice and ensure all terminals and crimps are secure

Check cabling ensuring that twisted pairs and screening aremaintained throughout and to within 1" of the termination.

Ensure screens are properly earthed (clean earth/system 0V)Ensure adequate segragation from Power Signals

Check for open or shortcircuit connection and

reversed cabling

Figure 8 RS485 Communications Diagnostic Chart


Ref: 2200.5011 of 37 Rev: 1.0


8.1.4 Live Video Images

The live video signal suffers more potential problems than for RS485 communications because the

signal is an analogue transmission and available for operator scrutiny. The cabling is critical to

video image quality. Due to the nature of the video signal video corruption will appear differently

on each detector/installation. The following chart is intended as a guideline for diagnosis of video

problems.

Cabling FaultCheck cabling ensuringthat twisted pairs and

screens are maintainedthroughout, and

adequately segregatedfrom power & RS485

Live Video Fault

Does the VideoWindow appear?

Doesthe video window

appear for all otherdetectors?

YES

NO

NOIs there an

Image (or Blueor Black)?

YES

Is the video imageCorrupted?

YES(an image)

Isthe correct image

displayed?

NO

Intermittent Interferencemay be due to RS485

CommunicationsYESNO

Blue

Replace Baseboardand/or Detector

Black

YES

Master HUBCommunications Fault

Check for intermittentcommunications fault

with Master HUB

Incorrect Video ImageCheck device list entry

has correct video routingCheck cabling iscorrectly installed

Long Cable LengthApply Compensation forDC and EQ gain to the

video switch

Isthe detector on a

multi-drop?NO

Ensure all multi-dropdetectors are configured'video disable on reset'

YES

Didthis correct the

Image?NO

What is thecorruption?

Loss of Contrast, Darkenedor ghosted images

No Sync or scrolling white lines

Hum bars or Noisey Imageor Horizontal Ripple

Inverted VideoCheck video cabling fora reversed connection

Is the ImageBlurred?

NO

YESIf problem persists

Replace Baseboardand/or Detector

No Video SignalCheck device list entry

has correct video routingCheck cabling iscorrectly installed

FocusRemove Detector andadjust focus and clean

all optical surfacesthoroughly

YES

System Cabling PrecautionsUse best practice and ensure all terminals and crimps are secure

Check cabling ensuring that twisted pairs and screening aremaintained throughout and to within 1" of the termination.

Ensure screens are properly earthed (clean earth/system 0V)Ensure adequate segregation from Power & RS485 Communications lines

How is the imageDistorted?

Reasonable Imagewith Hum bars

(interference lines)

Reasonable Imagewhich Wobbles / Ripples

Serious Corruptionof Image

VibrationEnsure baseboard and

detector screws aretightened and that allmountings are secure

and free from vibration.

Earthing FaultEnsure system 0V andPC Display Earth are atsame potential with no

earth return currentSame applies to all field

cablingVideo OK

If problempersists

No Video Route FoundCheck device list entry

for detector videorouting is correct

Is theimage blue for allother detectors?

PC Display VideoConnection Broken

YES

NO

Long Cable LengthApply Compensation forDC and EQ gain to the

video switch

If problemPersists

Figure 9 Video Signal Diagnostic Chart

8.2 Replacement and Repair

The devices generally contain no user serviceable parts.

If the device baseboard is replaced its replacement must be reconfigured with the correct threshold

settings and jumper link settings.

If the detector sensor board is replaced its replacement may need to be reconfigured with the

correct alarm mask image.

If the Hub controller main board is replaced its replacement may need to be reconfigured with the

correct device list.

2200.5011 CCTV Training Manual,R1.0

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