Peninsular Peninsular CampaignCampaignPeninsular Peninsular CampaignCampaign•Attempt to take RichmondAttempt to take Richmond

•New US Commander (East)New US Commander (East)–Gen. George McClellanGen. George McClellan–Huge failureHuge failure

•Lack of or incorrect informationLack of or incorrect information•PinkertonPinkerton

Gen. Gen. McClellaMcClella

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Gen. Gen. McClellaMcClella

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McClellanMcClellanMcClellanMcClellan–Very Cautious!Very Cautious!–Men loved himMen loved him

•Prepared them wellPrepared them well•Too cautious in Too cautious in battle????battle????

ConfederatesConfederatesConfederatesConfederates•Gen. JohnstonGen. Johnston

–WoundedWounded•Gen. Lee takes overGen. Lee takes over

Gen. Gen. JohnstoJohnsto

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Gen. Gen. JohnstoJohnsto

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Gen. Gen. RoberRober

t E. t E. LeeLee

Gen. Gen. RoberRober

t E. t E. LeeLee

BattleBattleBattleBattle•McClellan almost reaches McClellan almost reaches RichmondRichmond–Lee takes over Conf. armyLee takes over Conf. army

•Forces Union back down Forces Union back down the Peninsulathe Peninsula

OutcomeOutcomeOutcomeOutcome•Confederate VictoryConfederate Victory•CasualtiesCasualties

–16,000 Union16,000 Union–20,000 Conf. 20,000 Conf.

ChangesChangesChangesChanges•McClellanMcClellan

–FiredFired–WouldnWouldn’’t attackt attack

•New CommanderNew Commander–Gen. John PopeGen. John Pope

Gen. Gen. John John PopePope

Gen. Gen. John John PopePope

2nd 2nd Bull Bull RunRun

2nd 2nd Bull Bull RunRun

2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run•Same area as 1st Bull RunSame area as 1st Bull Run•Pope Vs. LeePope Vs. Lee

–August 29, 1862August 29, 1862

•Confederates attackConfederates attack–Longstreet (30,000) hid along Longstreet (30,000) hid along Union flankUnion flank

2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run•First DayFirst Day

–DrawDraw

•Next MorningNext Morning–JacksonJackson’’s men are barely s men are barely holdingholding•Throwing Rocks at attackersThrowing Rocks at attackers

Second Bull Second Bull RunRun

Gen. Gen. LongstreLongstre

etet

Gen. Gen. LongstreLongstre

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2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run•Longstreet attacksLongstreet attacks

–Crushes US left flankCrushes US left flank–Jackson attacks rightJackson attacks right–Bends Union lines into a Bends Union lines into a horseshoehorseshoe

•Union RetreatsUnion Retreats

2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run2nd Bull Run•Union DefeatUnion Defeat

–CasualtiesCasualties•US - 15,000US - 15,000•CS - 9,000CS - 9,000

•Pope is firedPope is fired–McClellan gets army backMcClellan gets army back

InvasionInvasionInvasionInvasion•Lee invades MarylandLee invades Maryland

–Hoped to bring Maryland into Hoped to bring Maryland into CSACSA

•Armies will meet near Armies will meet near Antietam Creek - 9/17/62Antietam Creek - 9/17/62–SharpsburgSharpsburg

SharpsburgSharpsburgSharpsburgSharpsburg

AntietamAntietamAntietamAntietam•Union makes three Union makes three separate attacksseparate attacks–CornfieldCornfield–Sunken Road (Bloody Lane)Sunken Road (Bloody Lane)–BurnsideBurnside’’s Bridges Bridge

Video

Bloody LaneBloody LaneBloody LaneBloody Lane

Gen. Gen. BurnsideBurnside

Gen. Gen. BurnsideBurnside

BurnsideBurnside’’s s BridgeBridge

BurnsideBurnside’’s s BridgeBridge

AntietamAntietamAntietamAntietam•End of the day - drawEnd of the day - draw•McClellan had 25,000 reservesMcClellan had 25,000 reserves

–DoesnDoesn’’t attackt attack

•Lee waits for one dayLee waits for one day–Withdraws into VirginiaWithdraws into Virginia

AntietamAntietamAntietamAntietam•CasualtiesCasualties

–Bloodiest single day of Bloodiest single day of the warthe war

–USA - 12,350USA - 12,350–CSA - 13,700CSA - 13,700

CSA CSA WoundedWounded

CSA CSA WoundedWounded

CSA DeadCSA DeadCSA DeadCSA Dead

LincolnLincolnLincolnLincoln•Went to visit McClellanWent to visit McClellan

–Urged him to attackUrged him to attack–He refusesHe refuses–Loses commandLoses command

Lincoln at Lincoln at AntietamAntietamLincoln at Lincoln at AntietamAntietam

WarWar

CouncilCouncil

WarWar

CouncilCouncil

LincolnLincolnLincolnLincoln•Union was doing poorlyUnion was doing poorly•Wanted a new Wanted a new ““CauseCause””

– Free the slavesFree the slaves

•Emancipation ProclamationEmancipation Proclamation– Needed a VictoryNeeded a Victory– WouldnWouldn’’t seem desperatet seem desperate– Antietam was close enoughAntietam was close enough

EmancipatioEmancipationn•Free all slaves?Free all slaves?

–NoNo–Freed slaves in states in Freed slaves in states in rebellionrebellion•Not in border statesNot in border states•Why not?Why not?