21. San Miguel Corporation vs. NLRC

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San Miguel Corporation vs. NLRC

No. L-80774. May 31, 1988.S!N M"#$%L C&R'&R!("&N, petitioner, vs. N!("&N!L L!)&RR%L!("&NS C&MM"SS"&N an* R$S("C& +%#!, respon*ents.

Laor Relations Statutory Constrution Rule o/ Nositur a soiis aye use/ully invoe* in lari/ying t2e sope o/ !rt. 17 o/ t2e LaorCo*e Money lais o/ 5orers6 re/erre* to in paragrap2 3 o/ !rt, 17eraes oney lais 52i2 arise out o/ or in onnetion 5it2 t2eeployer-eployee relations2ip Reasons.2ile paragrap2 3 aovere/ers to all oney lais o/ 5orers,6 it is not neessary to supposet2at t2e entire universe o/ oney lais t2at ig2t e asserte* y5orers against t2eir eployers 2as een asore* into t2e originalan* elusive :uris*ition o/ Laor !riters. "n t2e ;rst plae, paragrap23 s2oul* e rea* not in isolation /ro ut rat2er 5it2in t2e ontet

/ore* y paragrap2 1


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soe aspet or ini*ent o/ su2 relations2ip, 'ut a little *iDerently, t2eoney lais o/ 5orers 52i2 no5 /all 5it2in t2e original an*elusive :uris*ition o/ Laor !riters are t2ose oney lais 52i22ave soe reasonale ausal onnetion 5it2 t2e eployer-eployeerelations2ip.

Sae Sae Sae Sae Reasonale ausal onnetion o/ oneylais 5it2 t2e eployer-eployee relations2ip Case at ar.!pplying t2e /oregoing rea*ing to t2e present ase, 5e note t2atpetitioner?s "nnovation 'rogra is an eployee inentive s2eeoDere* an* open only to eployees o/ petitioner Corporation, orespei;ally to eployees elo5 t2e ran o/ anager. it2out t2eeisting eployereployee relations2ip et5een t2e parties 2ere,t2ere 5oul* 2ave een no oasion to onsi*er t2e petitioner?s"nnovation 'rogra or t2e suission y Mr. +ega o/ 2is proposalonerning eer gran*e 5it2out t2at relations2ip, private respon*ent+ega?s suit against petitioner Corporation 5oul* never 2ave arisen. (2e

oney lai o/ private respon*ent +ega in t2is ase, t2ere/ore, aroseout o/ or in onnetion 5it2 2is eployent relations2ip 5it2petitioner.

Sae Sae Sae Sae Euris*ition 2ere t2e lai to t2eprinipal relie/ soug2t is to e resolve* not y re/erene to t2e LaorCo*e or ot2er laor statute or a C)! ut y t2e general ivil la5, t2e:uris*ition over t2e *ispute elongs to t2e regular ourts o/ :ustie,an* not to t2e NLRC an* t2e Laor !riters."t sees 5ort2 notingt2at Me*ina v. Castro-)artoloe, re/erre* to in t2e aove eerpt,involve* a lai /or *aages y t5o


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also ite* in Molave, involve* a lai /or liGui*ate* *aages not y a5orer ut y t2e eployer opany, unlie Me*ina. (2e iportantpriniple t2at runs t2roug2 t2ese t2ree


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'%("("&N /or ertiorari to revie5 t2e *eision o/ t2e National LaorRelations Coission,

(2e /ats are state* in t2e opinion o/ t2e Court

Siguion Reyna, Monteillo K &ngsiao La5 &Jes /or petitioner.

(2e Soliitor #eneral /or puli respon*ent.

@%L"C"!N&, E,

"n line 5it2 an "nnovation 'rogra sponsore* y petitioner San MiguelCorporation


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'ropose* "nnovation

"n or*er to iniiOe i/ not eliinate un*erpasteuriOation o/ eergran*e, re*ue t2e spee* o/ t2e eer gran*e pasteuriOer t2erey,

inreasing t2e pasteuriOation tie an* t2e pasteuriOation units /orgran*e eer. "n t2is 5ay, t2e sel/-li/e .

Rollo, pp. 19P0, !nne ! o/ 'etition.

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to a as2 priOe o/ 'H0,000.00


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ant t2e aount o/ 'H0,000.00 as eplaine* aove.

S& &R%R%.

"n t2e present 'etition /or Certiorari ;le* on 4 eeer 1987,petitioner Corporation, invoing !rtile 17 o/ t2e Laor Co*e, sees toannul t2e eision o/ puli respon*ent Coission in Case No. R!)-+""-0170P83 upon t2e groun* t2at t2e Laor !riter an* t2eCoission 2ave no :uris*ition over t2e su:et atter o/ t2e ase.

(2e :uris*ition o/ Laor !riters an* t2e National Laor Relations

Coission is outline* in !rtile 17 o/ t2e Laor Co*e, as lastaen*e* y )atas 'aansa )lg. 7 52i2 too eDet on 1 Eune198

!R(. 17. Euris*ition o/ Laor !riter san* t2e Coission. o/ t2is Co*e,inlu*ing Guestions involving t2e legality o/ stries an* loouts.


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lais arising /ro eployer-eployee relation, eept lais /oreployee?s opensation, soial seurity an* e*iare ene;ts an*as ot2er5ise provi*e* in !rtile 18 o/ t2is Co*e


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Laor !riters s2all not entertain lais /or oral or ot2er /ors o/*aages.


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arise out o/ or in onnetion 5it2 t2e eployer-eployee relations2ip,or soe aspet or ini*ent o/ su2 relations2ip, 'ut a little *iDerently,t2at oney lais o/ 5orers 52i2 no5 /all 5it2in t2e original an*elusive :uris*ition o/ Laor !riters are t2ose oney lais 52i22ave soe reasonale ausal onnetion 5it2 t2e eployer-eployee

relations2ip.

!pplying t2e /oregoing rea*ing to t2e present ase, 5e note t2atpetitioner?s "nnovation 'rogra is an eployee inentive s2eeoDere* an* open only to eployees o/ petitioner Corporation, orespei;ally to eployees elo5 t2e ran o/ anager. it2out t2eeisting eployer-eployee relations2ip et5een t2e parties 2ere,t2ere 5oul* 2ave een no oasion to onsi*er t2e petitioner?s"nnovation 'rogra or t2e suission y Mr. +ega o/ 2is proposalonerning eer gran*e 5it2out t2at relations2ip, private respon*ent+ega?s suit against petitioner Corporation 5oul* never 2ave arisen. (2e

oney lai o/ private respon*ent +ega in t2is ase, t2ere/ore, aroseout o/ or in onnetion 5it2 2is eployent relations2ip 5it2petitioner.

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tion o/ t2e Laor !riter lais /or oral an* ot2er /ors o/ *aages,$n*er '.. No. 1H91, t2ere/ore, Laor !riters oul* one ore taeogniOane o/ lais /or oral an* ot2er /ors o/ *aages 52i2 areini*ental to or neessarily oun* up 5it2 oney lais o/ 5orers52i2 are ot2er5ise learly 5it2in t2e :uris*ition o/ Laor !riters.

9 1984Q National @e*eration o/ Laor v.%isa, 17 SCR! 419 1984Q Sentinel "nsurane Co., "n. v. )autista,17 SCR! H3 1984Q, #etO Corporation, '2ils., "n. vs. Court o/!ppeals, 11H SCR! 8H 198Q %on v. *e #uOan, 113 SCR! >198Q !gu*a v. +alle:os, 113 SCR! H9 198Q an* 'epsi-Cola )ottlingCo. v. MartineO, 11 SCR! >79 198Q. See also Car*inal "n*ustries, "n.vs. +alle:os, 114 SCR! 47 198Q.=

).'. )lg. 130, 52i2 too eDet on 1 !ugust 1981, intro*ue*aen*ents to !rtile 17 52i2 are not, 2o5ever, relevant /orpresent purposes.

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"t is ovious /ro t2e oplaint t2at t2e plaintiDs 2ave not allege* anyun/air laor pratie. (2eirs is a siple ation /or *aages /or tortiousats allege*ly oitte* y t2e *e/en*ants. Su2 eing t2e ase, t2egoverning statute is t2e Civil Co*e an* not t2e Laor Co*e. "t resultst2at t2e or*ers un*er revie5 are ase* on 5rong preise.?

!n* in Singapore !irlines Liite* v. 'aFo, 1 SCR! H71, H77, t2e

/ollo5ing 5as sai*

State* *iDerently, petitioner sees protetion un*er t2e ivil la5s an*lais no ene;ts un*er t2e Laor Co*e. (2e priary relie/ soug2t is/or liGui*ate* *aages /or rea2 o/ a ontratual oligation. (2eot2er ites *ean*e* are not laor ene;ts *ean*e* y 5orersgenerally taen ogniOane o/ in laor *isputes, su2 as payent o/5ages, overtie opensation or separation pay. (2e ites laie*are t2e natural onseGuenes Uo5ing /ro rea2 o/ an oligation,intrinsially a ivil *ispute.?

"n t2e ase elo5, 'L!"N("@@ 2a* sue* /or onies loane* to%@%N!N(, t2e ost o/ repair :os a*e on 2is personal ars, an* /ort2e pur2ase prie o/ ve2iles an* parts sol* to 2i. (2ose aounts2ave no relevane to t2e Laor Co*e. (2e ause o/ ation 5as oneun*er t2e ivil la5s, an* it *oes not rea2 any provision o/ t2e LaorCo*e or t2e ontrat o/ eployent o/ %@%N!N(. Bene t2e ivilourts, not t2e Laor !riters an* t2e NLRC s2oul* 2ave :uris*ition.8

"t sees 5ort2 noting t2at Me*ina v. Castro-)artoloe, re/erre* to int2e aove eerpt, involve* a lai /or *aages y t5o


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y a 5orer ut y t2e eployer opany, unlie Me*ina. (2eiportant priniple

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8 19 SCR! at 488P489 italis supplie*.

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t2at runs t2roug2 t2ese t2ree


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>H> 198>Q Sentinel "nsurane Co., "n. v. )autista, supra !gusan *elNorte %letri Cooperative, "n. v. SuareO, 1> SCR! 437 1983Q #etOCorporation, '2ils., "n. v. Court o/ !ppeals, supra !gu*a v. +alle:os,supra 'epsi-Cola )ottling Co. v. MartineO, supra an* Cal*eron, Sr. v.Court o/ !ppeals, 100 SCR! 4>9 1980Q P7H.

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e translate* into soe sustantial ene;t to t2e Corporation. Su2un*ertaing, t2oug2 unilateral in origin, oul* nonet2eless ripen intoan en/oreale ontratual


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'etition grante*. eision set asi*e.

Note.Clais arising /ro eployer-eployee relations liite* only toparagrap2

21. San Miguel Corporation vs. NLRC

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