21 Clicker Questions (1)

7/23/2019 21 Clicker Questions (1)

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CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Urry • Cain • Wasserman • Minorsky • Jackson • Reece

21The Evolutionof Populations

Questions prepared by

Fleur Ferro, Community College of Denver

William Wischusen, Louisiana State University

onald !alsamo, Villanova University




In e"olutionary terms, an or#anism$s %itness is

measured by its &&&&&&&&.

'. stability in the %ace o% en"ironmental chan#e

!. contribution to the #ene pool o% the ne(t

#eneration

). #enetic "ariability

*. mutation rate

E. health




In e"olutionary terms, an or#anism$s %itness is

measured by its &&&&&&&&.

'. stability in the %ace o% en"ironmental chan#e

B. contribution to the gene pool of the next

generation

). #enetic "ariability

*. mutation rate

E. health




ed short+horned cattle are homoy#ous %or the red

allele, -hite cattle are homoy#ous %or the -hite

allele, and roan cattle are heteroy#otes. Population

' consists o% / red, 1/ -hite, and 4 roan

cattle. What are the allele %reuencies3

'. red = 0./, -hite = 0.1/

!. red = 0./, -hite = 0.4

). red=

0., -hite=

0.*. 'llele %reuencies cannot be determined unless

the population is in euilibrium.




ed short+horned cattle are homoy#ous %or the red

allele, -hite cattle are homoy#ous %or the -hite

allele, and roan cattle are heteroy#otes. Population

' consists o% / red, 1/ -hite, and 4 roan

cattle. What are the allele %reuencies3

'. red = 0./, -hite = 0.1/

B. red 0.6, white 0.4

). red=

0., -hite=

0.*. 'llele %reuencies cannot be determined unless

the population is in euilibrium.




Indicate -hich o% the 5ardy6Weinber# conditions is

bein# "iolated in the %ollo-in# e(ample7 8ome

moths on a tree are easier to see due to their li#hter

color and there%ore are eaten by predators more

o%ten.

'. lar#e population sie

!. no mutation

). no #ene %lo-*. random matin# occurrin#

E. no selection


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bein# "iolated in the %ollo-in# e(ample7 8ome

moths on a tree are easier to see due to their li#hter

color and there%ore are eaten by predators more

o%ten.


!. no mutation

). no #ene %lo-

*. random matin# occurrin#

E. no selection




bein# "iolated in this e(ample7 Female sail%in

blennies 9a %ish: tend to choose males -ith either a

lar#e sail%in on top o% their heads or the best %lic;in#

motion o% their sail%in.


!. no mutation

). no #ene %lo-


E. no selection




bein# "iolated in this e(ample7 Female sail%in

blennies 9a %ish: tend to choose males -ith either a

lar#e sail%in on top o% their heads or the best %lic;in#

motion o% their sail%in.


!. no mutation

). no #ene %lo-

D. random mating occurring

E. no selection




bein# "iolated in this e(ample7 *ue to #lobal

-armin#, a ri"er has dried up, allo-in# t-o di%%erent

rabbit populations to mate -ith one another,

-hereas they -ere isolated be%ore.


!. no mutation

). no #ene %lo-


E. no selection




bein# "iolated in this e(ample7 *ue to #lobal

-armin#, a ri"er has dried up, allo-in# t-o di%%erent

rabbit populations to mate -ith one another,

-hereas they -ere isolated be%ore.


!. no mutation

C. no gene flow


E. no selection



<he te(tboo; discusses ho- the con"ersion o%

uality habitat into %armland has #reatly depleted

the #reater prairie chic;en populations and, as a

result, their #enetic di"ersity. Which o% the %ollo-in#

occurred in this e(ample3

'. %ounder e%%ects

!. mutation

). natural selection

*. #ene %lo-

E. bottlenec;in#



<he te(tboo; discusses ho- the con"ersion o%

uality habitat into %armland has #reatly depleted

the #reater prairie chic;en populations and, as a

result, their #enetic di"ersity. Which o% the %ollo-in#

occurred in this e(ample3

'. %ounder e%%ects

!. mutation

). natural selection

*. #ene %lo-

E. bottlenecking



Indicate -hat type o% selection is occurrin# in the

e(ample here7 *ue to less sno-%all in an area, -hite

mice are predated on more than intermediate+ or

dar;+colored mice.

'. directional selection

!. disrupti"e selection

). stabiliin# selection




e(ample here7 *ue to less sno-%all in an area, -hite

mice are predated on more than intermediate+ or

dar;+colored mice.

. directional selection






e(ample here7 *urin# a drou#ht, it -as disco"ered

that %inches -ith lar#e bea;s and those -ith small

bea;s -ere more success%ul due to the %ood

sources a"ailable durin# the drou#ht.







e(ample here7 *urin# a drou#ht, it -as disco"ered

that %inches -ith lar#e bea;s and those -ith small

bea;s -ere more success%ul due to the %ood

sources a"ailable durin# the drou#ht.


B. disrupti!e selection





<he %reuency o% cystic %ibrosis, a recessi"e #enetic

disease, is 1 per 2,00 births amon# =orthern

Europeans. 'ssumin# random matin#, -hat is the

%reuency o% carriers3

'. 1>2,00, or about 0.04

!. 1>0, or about 2

). 1>2, or about 4

*. <he %reuency cannot be calculated because

selection "iolates 5ardy6Weinber# assumptions.




<he %reuency o% cystic %ibrosis, a recessi"e #enetic

disease, is 1 per 2,00 births amon# =orthern

Europeans. 'ssumin# random matin#, -hat is the

%reuency o% carriers3

'. 1>2,00, or about 0.04

!. 1>0, or about 2

C. "#$%, or about 4&

*. <he %reuency cannot be calculated because

selection "iolates 5ardy6Weinber# assumptions.




?ntil the 1@0s, in%ants born -ith cystic %ibrosis did

not sur"i"e lon#er than a %e- months. I% the

%reuency o% carriers -as 4 in the year 1@00, -hat

proportion o% )F alleles -as eliminated in one

#eneration3

'. 100

!. 0

). 4

*. 2

Ε. < 0.1




?ntil the 1@0s, in%ants born -ith cystic %ibrosis did

not sur"i"e lon#er than a %e- months. I% the

%reuency o% carriers -as 4 in the year 1@00, -hat

proportion o% )F alleles -as eliminated in one

#eneration3

'. 100

!. 0

). 4

D. $&

Ε. < 0.1




!e%ore treatment -ith <), did <)+resistant

"iruses e(ist in these patients3

'. yes!. no

). no -ay to tell




!e%ore treatment -ith <), did <)+resistant

"iruses e(ist in these patients3

. 'es!. no

). no -ay to tell




' hi#h proportion o% the cats on Aey West ha"e

e(tra toes 9polydactyly:. What is the most li;ely

e(planation3

'. hi#h rate o% mutation

!. %ounder e%%ect). bottlenec; e%%ect

*. directional selection %or e(tra toes



' hi#h proportion o% the cats on Aey West ha"e

e(tra toes 9polydactyly:. What is the most li;ely

e(planation3

'. hi#h rate o% mutation

B. founder effect). bottlenec; e%%ect

*. directional selection %or e(tra toes

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