Clicker Questions

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Chapter 15: Temperature, Heat, and Expansion

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Whether one object is warmer than another has most to do with

a) molecular kinetic energy.b) molecular potential energy.c) heat flow.d) masses of internal particles.

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Whether one object is warmer than another has most to do with

a) molecular kinetic energy.b) molecular potential energy.c) heat flow.d) masses of internal particles.

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The motion of molecules that most affects temperature is

a) translational motion.b) rotational motion.c) internal vibrational motion.d) simple harmonic motion.

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The motion of molecules that most affects temperature is

a) translational motion.b) rotational motion.c) internal vibrational motion.d) simple harmonic motion.

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At absolute zero, a substance has

a) absolutely no molecular motion.b) no more energy to give up.c) no volume.d) All of these.

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At absolute zero, a substance has

a) absolutely no molecular motion.b) no more energy to give up.c) no volume.d) All of these.

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Absolute zero corresponds to a temperature of

a) 0 K.b) -273ºCc) Both of these.d) None of these.

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Absolute zero corresponds to a temperature of

a) 0 K.b) -273ºCc) Both of these.d) None of these.

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Heat is simply another word for

a) temperature.b) thermal energy.c) internal energy that flows from hot to cold.d) radiant energy.

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Heat is simply another word for

a) temperature.b) thermal energy.c) internal energy that flows from hot to cold.d) radiant energy.

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Internal energy is normally measured in units of

a) calories.b) joules.c) Both of these.d) None of these.

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Internal energy is normally measured in units of

a) calories.b) joules.c) Both of these.d) None of these.

Explanation:Calories and joules, like miles and meters, are different units for the same thing; 1 calorie = 4.18 joules.

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If you add the same quantity of heat to both a 1-L and a 2-L container of water, compared with the temperature change of water in the smaller container, the temperature change of water in the larger container will be

a) half.b) more than half but less than twice.c) twice.d) none at all.

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If you add the same quantity of heat to both a 1-L and a 2-L container of water, compared with the temperature change of water in the smaller container, the temperature change of water in the larger container will be

a) half.b) more than half but less than twice.c) twice.d) none at all.

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When heat is added to a system, the temperature of the system

a) rises.b) may or may not rise.c) falls.d) may or may not fall.

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When heat is added to a system, the temperature of the system

a) rises.b) may or may not rise.c) falls.d) may or may not fall.

Explanation: The first answer is correct only if the substance doesn't change phase. Adding heat to a cube of 0º ice, for example, doesn't raise its temperature.

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Matter does not contain

a) internal energy.b) heat.c) It contains both.d) It contains neither.

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Matter does not contain

a) internal energy.b) heat.c) It contains both.d) It contains neither.

Explanation: By definition, heat is the internal energy that transfers due to a temperature difference, not the internal energy itself.

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To say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water

a) requires a lot of energy in order to increase in temperature.

b) gives off a lot of energy in cooling.c) absorbs a lot of energy for a small increase in

temperature.d) All of these.

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To say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water

a) requires a lot of energy in order to increase in temperature.

b) gives off a lot of energy in cooling.c) absorbs a lot of energy for a small increase in

temperature.d) All of these.

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Hot sand cools off faster at night than plants and vegetation, which indicates that the specific heat capacity for sand is

a) less than that of plants.b) more than that of plants.c) likely the same as that of plants.d) Not enough information to answer.

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Hot sand cools off faster at night than plants and vegetation, which indicates that the specific heat capacity for sand is

a) less than that of plants.b) more than that of plants.c) likely the same as that of plants.d) Not enough information to answer.

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The specific heat capacity for aluminum is more than twice that of copper. If equal quantities of heat are given to equal masses of aluminum and copper, the metal that more rapidly increases in temperature is

a) aluminum.b) copper.c) Actually both will increase at the same rate.d) None of these.

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The specific heat capacity for aluminum is more than twice that of copper. If equal quantities of heat are given to equal masses of aluminum and copper, the metal that more rapidly increases in temperature is

a) aluminum.b) copper.c) Actually both will increase at the same rate.d) None of these.

Explanation: The material with the least specific heat capacity has the least "thermal inertia" and changes the most.

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The high specific heat capacity of water has great importance in

a) climates.b) cooling systems.c) ocean currents.d) All of these.

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The high specific heat capacity of water has great importance in

a) climates.b) cooling systems.c) ocean currents.d) All of these.

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The thermal expansion of steel is about the same as for

a) water.b) air.c) concrete.d) All of these.

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The thermal expansion of steel is about the same as for

a) water.b) air.c) concrete.d) All of these.

Explanation: This fact is important to civil engineers in the construction of concrete that is reinforced with steel rods.

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The fact that gasoline will overflow from an automobile tank on a hot day is evidence that the expansion of gasoline is

a) more than the tank material.b) about the same as the tank material.c) less than the tank material.d) negligible.

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The fact that gasoline will overflow from an automobile tank on a hot day is evidence that the expansion of gasoline is

a) more than the tank material.b) about the same as the tank material.c) less than the tank material.d) negligible.

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Microscopic slush in water tends to make the water

a) more dense.b) less dense.c) slipperier.d) warmer.

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Microscopic slush in water tends to make the water

a) more dense.b) less dense.c) slipperier.d) warmer.

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The greatest expansion of water occurs when

a) it turns to ice.b) at 4ºC when it gains temperature.c) at 4ºC when it loses temperature.d) None of these.

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The greatest expansion of water occurs when

a) it turns to ice.b) at 4ºC when it gains temperature.c) at 4ºC when it loses temperature.d) None of these.

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Water at 4ºC will expand when it is slightly

a) cooled.b) warmed.c) Both.d) Neither.

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Water at 4ºC will expand when it is slightly

a) cooled.b) warmed.c) Both.d) Neither.

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The density of water at 4ºC will slightly decrease when it is

a) cooled.b) warmed.c) Both.d) Neither.

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The density of water at 4ºC will slightly decrease when it is

a) cooled.b) warmed.c) Both.d) Neither.

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Water at 4ºC will sink to the bottom of a pond because

a) it will not freeze there.b) it benefits fish and other life there.c) like a rock, it is denser than surrounding water.d) of the presence of microscopic ice crystals.

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Water at 4ºC will sink to the bottom of a pond because

a) it will not freeze there.b) it benefits fish and other life there.c) like a rock, it is denser than surrounding water.d) of the presence of microscopic ice crystals.

Explanation: The first two choices are consequences of sinking 4ºC water, not reasons for sinking.