2018-20

Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science

Svanberg S.

2 - 18 February 2009

Lund UniversitySweden

Environmental, combustion and medical diagnosticsand their connection

Sune SvanbergLund Laser Centre

Lund UniversitySweden

Environmental, combustion and medical diagnostics

–and their connection

Winter College ICTP 2009

Lund Present and recent Collaborators:G. Ahlgren, M. Andersson, S. Andersson-Engels, K. Barup,

M. Brydegaard, M. Cassel-Engquist, J. Hällström, R. Grönlund, Zuguang Guan, K. Jakobsson, A. Johansson,

L. Persson, G. Somesfalean, J. Swartling,T. Svensson, K. Svanberg

Lund Previous Collaborators:Ch. Abrahamsson, H. Edner,

J. Sandsten, M. Sjöholm, P. Weibring

International Collaborators:Z.G. Zhang, Harbin, S.L. He, Hangzhou,

G. Cecchi, Valentina Raimondi et al., Firenze;African LAM Network

Combustion Diagnostics

Aldén et al. Appl. Opt.

Lund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden

L UN D

U N IV ERS ITY

SWEDEN

MEDICAL

LASER CENTRE1991

Multicolour Fluorescence Imaging

4500

1

2

3

4

550 650 750

0

1

2

3

4

450 550 650 750

ADB

5 12Red — YellowBlueFc = A — k1D

k2B

Andersson-Engelset al. LSM (2000)

Environment

Medicine

a b

c d

Differential OpticalAbsorption SpectroscopyDOAS

Opsis AB

Sum-frequency generation to 254 nm: Hg

Also:SO2, NO2

H20Alnis et al.

Appl. Phys. Lett.

0

1

2

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

Diffe

rent

ial

abso

rban

ce (a

.u.)

0.1 Ångstrom

atmospheric pressure20 mbar

0 10 20 30 40 50

0.0E+005.0E-191.0E-181.5E-18

260 270 280 290 300 310 320

Frequency (GHz)

Wavelength (nm)Abso

rptio

n cr

oss

sect

ion

(cm

2 )Et

alon (a)

(c)

(b)

975 nm

438 nmEtalon

BBOcrystal

SO2 cell PMT

Filters

PD 3

SO2NO2H2O

Somesfalean et al.

Appl. Phys.

Diode laser difference frequency generationSimultaneous monitoring of Oxygen, Water vapour and Methane

Gustafssonet al.

Appl. Phys. B

Zero background TDLAS in a balanced

Michelson interferometer

Guan et al. Optics Exp.

Lund mobile Lidar system

Calib.Power Supply

IR mixOPONd:YAG

Ele

ctro

nics

Air sys

Nd:YAG OPOIR mix Nd:YAGIR mix

OMA

El

Nd:YAG

Power Supply

Air & Watercooling

Atomic Mercury Lidar Mapping and Flux

MeasurementRosignano Solvay, Italy

HOR.

VERT.Grönlund et al.

RV Urania and the Lund Lidar system in the port of Bari

Volcanoe Monitoring

Lidar monitoringof SO2 at Stromboli

Hydrocarbonlidar 3.4 m

MethaneEthane

Propane 0-Diff.

a b c d f ge

Weibring et al.

Lidar extensionTo hydrocarbons

Which flare is leaking ethylene?

Gas correlation imaging in the infrared

Installation atStatoil Kårstö

Norway

Gas correlation spectrometer based on UV LEDLuo et al. Harbin – Lund Collaboration. Appl. Phys. B

LIDAR REMOTE FLUORESCENCE MONITORING

Rome Coliseum

Target

Mobile lidar system

Laser beam path

Nd:YAG

OMA

Beam expander

To roof-top scanning mirror

Receivingtelescope

RemoteLIBS

Grönlund et al.Opt. Lett. 2005

0

1

2

Inte

nsity

(a.u

.)

450 600450 6000

1

2In

tens

ity (a

.u.)

460 600

Tumor360 nm

Tumor385 nm

Tumor410 nm

Normal360 nm

Normal385 nm

Normal410 nm

Compact UV LEDBased Fluorosensor

S. Ek et al.Spectrochim Acta A

2007

Lund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden

LUND UNIVERSITY

SWEDEN

MEDICAL

LASER CENTRE1991

Multicolour Fluorescence Imaging

4500

1

2

3

4

550 650 750

0

1

2

3

4

450 550 650 750

ADB

5 12Red — YellowBlueFc = A — k1D

k2B

Andersson-Engels et al. LSM (2000)

ALA PDT Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma

Challange: Deep-lying tumoursFiber-based interstitial system

Lightdistribution

module

Spectrometer

Computer

Diagnostic light unit

Therapeuticlight unit

Opticalfibres

Photodynamic tumour therapy

Example of clinical applications - prostate cancer

Lund collaboration with SpectraCure AB,Karolinska Hospital and Malmö University Hospital

LLight propagation in scattering media

Optical Mammography

White light time-resolved

transillumination for analysis of

constitutents inscattering media

Applications: Human tissue

FruitsPharmaceuticals

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

Amplitude (a.u.)700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

0 100 200 300 400 500

0 100 200 300 400 500

Wav

elen

gth

(nm

)

Time (ps)

Measured dataInstrumental dataFitted data

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

µ s' (

cm-1

)

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

µ a (c

m-1

)850 900 950 1000 1050 1100

Wavelength (nm)

Evaluated properties

Measured raw data

Inte

nsity

(a.u

.) s’

a

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

Amplitude (a.u.)700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

0 100 200 300 400 5000 100 200 300 400 5000 100 200 300 400 500

0 100 200 300 400 5000 100 200 300 400 5000 100 200 300 400 500

Wav

elen

gth

(nm

)

Time (ps)

Measured dataInstrumental dataFitted data

Measured dataInstrumental dataFitted data

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

µ s' (

cm-1

)

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

µ a (c

m-1

)850 900 950 1000 1050 1100

Wavelength (nm)

Evaluated properties

Measured raw data

Inte

nsity

(a.u

.) s’

a

Abrahamsson et al.

Gas in Scattering Media Absorption SpectroscopyGASMAS

Signature of free gas in a solid/liquid:Extremely sharp line on a broad background

Retrievable by WM or FM diode laser spectroscopyTDLS DIAL Opt. Mammography

Line width0.01-0.001 nmD

iffus

etr

ansm

.

Blue sky spectrum.txt JCR, Raw Data

Wavelength (nm)1 000900800700600500400

Rel

ativ

e In

tens

ity

65 000

60 000

55 000

50 000

45 000

40 000

35 000

30 000

25 000

20 000

15 000

10 000

5 000

0

Blue sky spectrum with Fraunhofer lines, including Oxygen A

Wavelength (nm)300 500 700 1000 2000 3000

HbO2

Melanin

Water

IRUV

Log 1

0A

bsor

ptio

n co

effic

ient

Tissue AbsorptionAbsorption of light in tissue

Absorptionmolecular oxygen

R7R7 nm

GASMAS set-up and oxygen signal

0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160L eq

(mm

)

Time (min)

Nitrogen gas exposed apple= 103 min

Oxygen exposed apple= 150 min

Untreated apple

Nitrogen gas exposed pealed apple

= 36 min

Gas transport in materials (apples)

Drying of wood

OxygenWater

Farmaceutical tabletsFrequency domain Time domain

T. Svensson et al. 2007

Measurementson farmaceutical

Tablets(with AstraZeneca)

T. Svensson et al. 2007

Environment Medicine

Paranasal Sinuses

0.5

1

1.5

Off On- 0.5

0

OnL

b

Left

Leq / mm

Off On

Right

OffL

OnR

OffR

a

Healthy volonteerMe !

Maxillarysinuses

Maxillary sinus Oxygen (760 nm) normalization

on Water vapor (935 nm)

Mastoideus

Density of H2Odetermined bytemperature

Thermostate at 37 C

Gas Exchange Study – Maxillary

Clinical trial ongoing:

Maxillary, frontal, mastoidealSinuses

New tool for fast ENT diagnosticsNitrogen flushing

Food packaging

Lewander et al., Appl. Phys. B 2008

Large-scale GASMAS – Multiple scattering LIDAR

Guan et al. Appl. Phys. B 2008

Environmental and medical applications are very similar !

-Just a matter of scales,

spatially and temporally!

Thanks to all enthusiastic collaborators!

Thank you for your attention !