2013 06 03 Lafarge Building Better Cities ENG

BUILDINGBETTER CITIESLAFARGE 2013

2013

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MORE HOUSING MORE COMPACT MORE DURABLE MORE CONNECTED MORE BEAUTIFUL

At Lafarge, we imagine housing solutions for all, from affordable houses to collective housing.For example, in India, we contribute to improving houses in the heart of slums.

In the Philippines, we promote affordable housing with micro-credit programs.

In Cameroon and Brazil, we provide lost casing solutions to build faster and cheaper.

In France, we contribute to collective housing of all types.

RALA012_GB_COUV_BAT_CS6.indd 1 24/04/13 13:08

World leader in building materials and a major player in the cement, aggregates and concrete industries, we contribute to the construction of cities throughout the world. Our innovative solutions provide cities with more housing and make them more compact, more durable, more beautiful and better connected.The Group operates in 64countries and employs 65,000 people. It generates annual sales of 15.8billion.

PROFILE cOnTEnTs

EdITORIaL 04by Bruno Lafont

sTREnGThs 06 A geographical portfolio that will generate growth

LEvERs 10Constant innovation Performance culture

chaLLEnGEs 18Key issues for cities

ambITIOn 22Building better cities

sOLuTIOns 24Providing cities with more housing and making them more compact, more durable, more connected, more beautiful

aTLas 51

18 22 24

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InnOvaTIOn and PERFORmancE aRE ThE EnGInEs FOR GROWTh ThaT WILL EnabLE us TO achIEvE ThE FuLL POTEnTIaL OF OuR GEOGRaPhIcaL sPREad.

EdITORIaL by bRunO LaFOnT

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

We have structured our organization by country, to ensure that we are as close as possible to our markets and to our customers. We have reduced our costs, so that we can be more and more com-petitive. And we have stepped up our focus on innovation, so that our status is less that of a manufacturer of materi-als than that of a provider of solutions for construction.

This transformation has been made possible by three great strengths from which we benefit. The first of these is the quality and the commitment of our teams, to whom I pay tribute here. The

ern or southern are at the heart of the challenges that have to be met. So we have to be at the heart of cities, to refuse to consider the drawbacks of urban development as in evitable and support urban change by giving it a more human face.

What is our ambition? To play a part in the construction of towns and cities that offer decent hous-ing for all, cities that are more durable, more connected, more compact and more beautiful.

What is our mission? Devoting all our experience, all our know-how and all our enthusiasm to realizing this superb ambition.

And what makes us proud? Thats simple: helping build better cities.

second is the geographical spread of our portfolio of assets, which is weighted toward emerging countries, i.e. those where growth is taking place. And the third is our strategic decision to refocus on our core businesses: cement, aggre-gates and concrete in other words, the businesses where there are the greatest synergies and where our know-how is the most unquestionable.

The transformation that we are undertaking has the aim of making innovation and performance the engines for growth that will enable us to achieve the full potential of our geo-graphical spread.

It has a purpose, too: to help us meet the extraordinary challenge of the massive urbanization of our planet there will be two billion new city-dwell-ers by 2050! By then, nearly 70% of the worlds population will live in towns and cities, which is twice as many as in 1970. Towns and cities all of them, whether small, medium or large, north-

The world is changing, at a faster pace than ever before in the his-tory of humanity. So that we can hold on to our leadership in this new world, we have set in motion a process of profound transformation.

04 Lafarge 2013 Lafarge 2013 05

OuR ambITIOn Is TO suPPORT uRban chanGE

sO ThaT WE can hELP buILd bETTER cITIEs.

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sHare of sales ouTside europe

432m

neT inCome group sHare

64countries

65,000employees

15,816million euros of sales

1,570production sites

REFOcusInG On OuR cORE busInEssEs

In parallel with this, we have decided to refocus on our core businesses: cement, aggregates and concrete. These three businesses will enable us to speed up our rate of growth because they repre-sent high potential for development and signifi cant prospects of synergies.

an ORGanIZaTIOn cLOsER TO OuR maRKETs

We have also introduced a new country-based organization. More agile, faster acting and more focused on markets and customers, this organization makes us more effi cient. It relies on two levers for growth: innovation and perfor-mance.

We are present in 64 countries, we have refocused on our core businesses and we have made our organization more ef cient. Today we have all the strengths needed to pursue our development.

an InTERnaTIOnaL GROuP WITh WELL-baLancEd POsITIOns

The vigorous international expansion that we undertook between 2006 and 2011 has enabled us to develop a well-balanced, high-quality geographic portfolio, strongly weighted to emerging markets.We are therefore well positioned to seize opportunities for growth. Today, 72% of our business is situated outside Europe, with strong positions in emerging markets in Asia, South America, Central and East-ern Europe, Africa and the Middle East. In almost ten years, the share of our sales in these countries has grown from 32% in 2005 to 59% in 2012. None of these countries accounts for more than 5% of our sales, which results in a very balanced breakdown of our sales.

% breakdown of sales by region

% breakdown of sales

by business

1

1

2

3

4

5

2

3

6

a GEOGRaPhIcaL PORTFOLIO ThaT WILL GEnERaTE GROWTh

sTROnGLy WEIGhTEd TO EmERGInG cOunTRIEs, OuR GEOGRaPhIc PORTFOLIO EnabLEs us TO sEIZE aLL OPPORTunITIEs FOR GROWTh.

Strategy

KEy FIGuREs 2012

72%

1. Western Europe 20.1% 2. North America 21.3% 3. Central and Eastern Europe 8.0% 4. Middle East and Africa 27.1% 5. Latin America 6.1% 6. Asia 17.4%

1. Cement 65.6% 2. Aggregates & Concrete 33.8% 3. Others 0.6%


Emerging markets Mature markets

breakdown of sales

32%

59%

68%

41%

2005

2012

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Amrique de Nord AsieEurope de l'Ouest Europe centrale et de l'Est Afrique et Moyen-Orient Amrique Latine

cOunTRIEs

64

north america

Latin america

Western Europe central and Eastern Europe

middle East and africa

asia

Western Europe

north america

middle East and africa

central and Eastern Europe

Latin america

asia

Map of Lafarge locations worldwide as at December 31, 2012 (plants and sales offices)

3,375mSales

8,821Employees

2609961mSales

2,609Employees

2609

2609

2609

19,644Employees

11,448Employees

7,041Employees

14,774Employees

4,283mSales

3,181mSales

1,270 mSales

2,746mSales

% breakdown of employees by business

1

2 3

1. Cement 64.1% 2. Aggregates & Concrete 33.9% 3. Others 2.0%


Lafarge 2013 09

% breakdown of employees by region

2

3

5

4

16

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Two levers for creaTing more value

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traditions, available resources and cli-matic conditions, we have set up development laboratories, which are bridgeheads for our Research and Development Center. Following France, India and China, the network will stretch still wider, with two new laboratories opening in 2013 in Brazil and Algeria.As they are established in such different markets, these laboratories devise solu-tions that are particularly geared to the needs of their local markets. In India, for instance, a slow-setting concrete has been developed for delivery in buckets to sites in the heart of the slums, and complete drainage systems have been designed using Hydromedia concrete to prevent flooding.

new soluTions, new servicesBeyond product innovation, we have developed solutions designed for specific parts of buildings, such as foundations, floors, walls or facades. They offer remark-able properties in one or more areas: cost, durability, strength, insulation, appear-ance, ease of application. They enable our partners engineering offices and archi-tects to incorporate concrete solutions in the initial phase of their projects.Innovation also means offering new serv-ices, so we are involved in the design phase of projects, working with archi-

tects and construction companies on solutions that have to meet increasingly complex sets of problems, both techni-cal and esthetic.We also offer our customers a turnkey service of both supplying and applying our concretes, the placing and finishing offer, and also, at the other end of the chain, recycling demolition products for use as embankments in road building. One final promising area of innovation, particularly in emerging countries, lies in distribution services. We provide our customers with a local cement distribu-tion service, even if they are located in areas that are difficult to reach, as is the case in certain parts of Africa.

consTanT innovaTion

LEVER I

innovaTion Our innovation approach focuses mainly on analyzing the needs of each of our markets, intro-ducing new offers in the

countries where we operate and devis-ing innovative new services.

a marKeT-BaseD aPProacHDetermined to strengthen its customer focus, the Group has adopted a market-based structure: building, infrastructure, industry and retail. This organization is found in every country, which enables us to make a more accurate analysis of the needs of each of these sectors and

to identify new segments that call for specific solutions such as that of afford-able housing, for example.

DeveloPing new aPPlicaTions for our maTerials Our ultra-high performance concrete is now starting to be used in emerging coun-tries. In Morocco, for instance, it was chosen for the construction of the new terminal at Rabat-Sal airport. This is our objective: ensuring that all the countries in which we operate benefit from the full range of our special concretes.So that we can respond better to local needs, which are dictated by building


120new cement

and concrete products launched by countries in 2012

A contribution of

450mof EBITDA

to the 2012-2015 strategic plan

ReSeARCH CenTeRS

r&D, THe cruciBle of innovaTion

With 240 engineers and technicians from all over the world, our Research Center at LIsle dAbeau, near Lyon

(France), is the worlds largest building materials laboratory. It is our innovation

arm, as much for developing new solutions as for meeting the specific

needs of certain construction projects. In 2012, 158 new applications patent were filed and the budget devoted to R&D was 116 million. Since 2011, our R&D

network has expanded with the establishment of development

laboratories in some countries where we operate. Their task is to adapt our building solutions to specific local requirements, working in close

partnership with various players in the construction chain.

To HelP us resPonD To local BuilDing TraDiTions, we Have seT uP DeveloPmenT laBoraTories in close ProximiTy To THe neeDs of our marKeTs.

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Performance

cosT reDucTions

a conTinuous imProvemenT in Performance To increase our comPeTiTiveness.

13 to 15million tonnes of additional

cement production in existing plants by 2015.

A contribution of

1.3billion of EBITDA to the 2012-2015 strategic plan.

BOOST

THe Performance commanDos

There are roughly 250 volunteers who have been identified as the best experts in their categories and who are ready to swing into action at any moment. Their role is to help plants resolve

a performance problem or implement a major change. But the point of these boosters is not to go in and come

straight out as if they were on a commando operation. They stay

around until good practices have been transmitted and applied, so that the problems are solved permanently.

Commandos also have to be teachers!

component, is the most costly operation in terms of energy. But it is possible to use other components: slag (a by-product of steel manufacture), fly ash (produced by the combustion of coal in thermal power plants) and pozzolan (a volcanic rock). The benefit is less clinker, therefore lower energy consumption and lower carbon emissions. Progress in this area is meas ured by the cement/clinker ratio, which we have been steadily improving over the past ten years. The development of a new clinker which will enable us to save 15% of energy in cement manufacturing (see the example of Aether on page 37) will help us meet our target.We also investigate the best source of energy for each country. In nigeria, for instance, by using natural gas to produce our own electricity, we were able to cut our energy bill by 35% in 2012.

growTH THanKs To PlanT reliaBiliTyThe equation is simple: we want to increase our production by an additional 13 to 15 million tonnes of cement (roughly 10%) by 2015 with minimal investments, while contributing to bring-ing to market new products to satisfy our customers needs. To do this, we are fully committed to improving the perfor-mance of our plants, rolling out our

operating models and stepping up our unique training program.

acceleraTing our Performance culTureAt the heart of success lie well managed production units and well trained people and teams. This is why Lafarge pays par-ticular attention to developing its employees skills. Several training pro-grams have been developed, intended for management and some key opera-tional posts, which will eventually see the certification of 1,300 employees. Sharing our successes through collab-orative platforms and rewarding best practices are key to accelerating our per-formance.

We are constantly improving our competitiveness by working on cost reductions, pricing, plant performance

and the optimization of our investments. 1.5 billion of cost reductions between 2006 and 2012: the two levers of our com-petitiveness are producing more cheaply with the same level of quality and produc-ing more with increasingly reliable plants.

reDucing energy cosTs Management of energy costs holds the potential for significant progress. energy accounts for a third of the Groups produc-

tion costs, and the Groups total energy consumption corresponds to that of a country such as ecuador! To reduce the bill, we have decided to increase the pro-portion of alternative fuels that we use: used tires and industrial oils, household refuse and agricultural waste (biomass). Our targets are 30% in 2015 and 50% in 2020, as against 15% currently. This is a realistic objective which we have already met or even exceeded in some countries and whats more, it forms part of our drive for sustainable development.Another type of action we are taking is modifying the composition of cement. The manufacture of clinker, its basic


Performance culTure

LEVER 2

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Helping to meet tHe

cHallenges of urbanization

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01 population growtH

The cities of the 21st century will see a rapid increase in their populations. This situation

means meeting signi cant new challenges, in developing countries as well as in mature regions:

improving the living conditions of city-dwellers, making sure they have access to decent housing

as well as to energy and raw materials without depleting resources. Society must rethink

the development of its cities.

By 2050, the planets population will pass the 9 billion mark. This demographic explosion will primarily affect cities: there are expected to be around 2 billion new city-dwellers over the next ve decades.


issues1

level of urbanizationas %

Source: http://data.worldbank.org/topic/urban-development

Urban zones in 2011

SOURCESWorld Urbanization Prospects: the 2011 Revision, United Nations Department of Economic

and Social Affairs, 2011 World Population Prospects: the 2010 Revision, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2011 Proceedings of the 6th World Congress of the International Union

of Public Transport, Geneva, March 2013 www.pcet-ademe.fr/domaines-actions/batiments/contexte-et-enjeux La production dlectricit dans le monde : perspectives gnrales, www.energies-renouvelables.org

www.eaufrance.fr/Observer-et-evaluer - Chiffres-cles

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Development of megacitiesin million of inhabitants

To make room for new city-dwellers, a new urban fabric will develop and the landscape of cities will evolve into new forms. The number of average-size cities of between 100,000 and 500,000 inhabitants will increase. Megacities of more than 10 million inhabitants will rise from 23 today to around 40 in 2025. By then, 50% of the worlds population will live in cities of more than 500,000 inhabitants.

Fuel poverty, energy waste and insalubrious conditions Both in developing countries and in western cities, providing reasonable access to vital resources (water, energy) will be a key challenge. In the battle against climate change, cities of the future will have to limit their energy consumption and their greenhouse gas emissions.

Urbanization rate

From 30% in 1950 and over 50% since 2007,

it will rise in 2050 to around

70%

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

DelHi

seoulmexico city

mumbainew york

tokyo

bangkoksHangHai

beijing so paulo

of the energy consumption of a building is due to heating

65%

more journeys in cities by 2025 compared with 2005

03 02 resources & environmentnew urban lanDscape

18%of carbon emissions

in France are due to the construction sector

1.44 billion m3of annual water consumption in France is for domestic use (24% of total consumption)

Development of energy

20%of worldwide electricity production is generated by renewable energy


+50 %

manila

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Making urbanization a success is the challenge of this century. And it is also our ambition. We support the

metamorphosis of cities and contribute solutions which play their part in providing cities with more housing,

and making them more compact, more durable, more beautiful and better connected.

Building Better cities

2

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SOLUTIONS TO

MAKE CITIES MOrE CONNECTED

DES SOLUTIONS prSErvANT LENvIrONNEMENT

pOUr DES vILLESpLUS vErTES

SOLUTIONS TO

MAKE CITIES MOrE BEAUTIFUL

SOLUTIONS TO

GIvE CITIES MOrE HOUSING

SOLUTIONS TO

MAKE CITIES MOrE DUrABLE

RALA012_GB_22a23_BAT.indd 24-27 24/04/13 14:12

To achieve our ambition of helping to build better cities, our innovations seek to improve city-dwellers quality of life. We develop high value-added products, we devise new building systems in partnership with

players all along the construction chain, and we create solutions and services that will help to meet the

enormous challenges of cities.

SOlutiOnS3

TRAINING FUTURE ARCHITECTS IN AFFORDABLE

HOUSINGTo raise future architects

awareness of issues surrounding aff ordable housing, we have devised a training program called Studio+. Inaugurated in

December 2011 at the Paris-Belleville National School of Architecture in France, it was followed throughout the year by 100 architecture students in Paris, Mumbai, Bucharest

and New York.

SOlutiOnS tO GivE

CitiES mOrE HOuSinG

the advantages of a house with those of an apartment block!

PrOmOtinG aFFOrdaBlE HOuSinGHousing for all is fi rst and foremost a question of means. We off er solu-tions which enable populations with low purchasing power to be housed at low cost, particularly in devel-oping countries. Aadhar cement is an example. Mixed with the mud used for house-building in Indian villages, the binder adapts to diff er-ent types of earth, and when applied by village-dwellers it makes their houses longer-lasting and more resistant. Another example of our contribution is the renovation of houses in slums. As concrete trucks cannot negotiate the narrow alley-ways, we transport the concrete in buckets. This experiment carried out in Dharavi, Mumbai, will be repro-duced elsewhere. We also off er a microcredit program to the most underprivileged people to enable them to build, restore or extend their homes, at the same time providing them with advice and technical sup-port.

the city is a place of life, a big house that we share with strangers. Provided that every-one can be accommodated. For newcomers who arrive in cities, just as for those who already live there, the priority is access to a decent, aff ordable and durable home.

BuildinG HOuSinG FOr all Our materials are solid, available and reasonably priced; they off er solutions for building new homes and refurbishing existing ones. Our cement and concrete solutions adapt and vary according to local resources and building methods. We are also working on innovative processes and services for building faster and more cheaply. For example, we are working with construction compa-nies that use lost casing solutions, which are quick and easy to install, allowing for substantial cost savings. Building programs using this tech-nique are under way in several countries. In the French town of Bgles, we are working on a project that reinvents social housing, a con-cept of modular housing combining


RALA012_GB_24a33_BAT.indd 24-25 24/04/13 14:09

indiaDECENT HOUSING IN THE SLUMS To improve the lives of slum-dwellers and enable them to build decent, solid and watertight homes, concrete is the best solution. But the first difficulty to overcome was delivering it through alleyways that are too narrow for trucks. We recently trialed a solution in Dharavi, a slum of more than one million people in the heart of Mumbai, India: slow-setting concrete in 15-liter buckets delivered by motorized rickshaws. This solution was launched in April 2012, and could be employed in other Indian cities, helping construct decent, long-lasting homes and ensuring that some of the most deprived people are not left without a home.


indOnESiaLOANS AND ADVICE TO HELP PEOPLE BUILD THEIR HOMES Thanks to Ramakhu!, hundreds of low-income Indonesian households will be able to build, extend of improve their homes. Ramakhu! is the microcredit offer launched in 2011 in the province of Medan, in which we are associated alongside Bank Rakyat Indonesia and the distributors of our products. But the service does not just consist of granting low-interest loans to allow people to buy building materials: trained advisors supervised by us but based in retail outlets offer support to the borrowers to help them carry out their projects successfully. Having proved successful in Medan, Ramakhu! has now been extended into Aceh province. This project, which is part of our microfinance program for affordable housing launched in 2012, has already been replicated in the Philippines and Honduras and is soon to be implemented in Nigeria and Zambia. We have undertaken to generate funding of 10 million from investors in the next two years. To do this, we have signed the first two cooperation and finance partnership agreements with Global Communities and the French Development Agency.

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CamErOOnA GOOD, FAST AND INEXPENSIVE JOBCameroon is facing very rapid growth of more than 10% per annum in its urban population. As things stand, around one million homes are needed just to cope with the most urgent needs of urban populations. Hence it is important to find solutions for building fast, well and inexpensively. In the capital, Yaound, a first phase has begun to build 560homes, using a technique of lost casing solutions. It is a quick and easy process, and is very economical. Working in partnership with the construction company, we will deliver the 40,000 m3 of concrete that are required thanks to our first concrete plant in Cameroon, installed on the construction site. A similar program has begun in Brazil, where there are also considerable needs. The country is roughly 85% urbanized, but it has a shortfall of some 9 million homes. 26% of inhabitants live in slums, and half are not connected to a drainage network.

FranCECOMFORT FOR ALL In the fall of 2012, the Ginko eco-district, on the shores of Bordeaux Lake, welcomed its first residents. It is a model development combining housing, shops and public amenities, designed so that everyone whether owner-occupiers or tenants in social housing can enjoy an optimal standard of living while reducing their environmental footprint. In the Jules Verne block, the first to be constructed, six traditionally built 7-story buildings (113 apartments) have been given particular attention in terms of insulation in order to reduce both energy costs and noise nuisance. The lower floors, employing a thermo-acoustic insulation material, and the intermediate floors, using acoustic insulation, were produced using Agilia, our self-compacting concrete. As an active partner of the entire project, we will supply a total of over 16,600 m3 of concrete for construction of the bearing walls, columns and beams of the various buildings that will make up the Ginko eco-neighborhood. When it is completely finished in 2017, it will provide 2,150 homes for more than 5,000 residents.

FranCE JUST LIKE A HOUSE Imagine an apartment with a garden that the inhabitants can organize however they like and can convert over time, as their needs or circumstances change. This is a project called Les Hauts-Plateaux, in which we are taking part alongside architect Christophe Hutin, property developer Domofrance and the town council of Bgles, near Bordeaux. The homes are apartments the originality of LesHauts-Plateaux is that its a vertical housing estate. Decks are stacked, divided into units of 100m2 to 120m2, including 50% living space and 50% garden, including 25% that can be converted, if necessary, into additional living space. Unprecedented in France, such a system helps combat the

problem of urban sprawl while maintaining the benefits of a house (modularity, possible expansion, individual garden). It encourages a social mix, with a particularly affordable price for first-time buyers, particularly young families with children. The foundation stone will be laid in Spring 2013, and handover is scheduled for 2014. This innovative project would not have been possible without close upstream cooperation between all the players in the project, a structure made up of slabs and very long-span thin beams using special concretes high-strength for the beams, impermeable for the slabs and pervious for exterior floors.

The model of stacked decks on which each owner can create his own home was developed more than 30 years ago in Berlin by the architect Frei Otto, but in France it is unknown and revolutionary. Christophe Hutin, the Bordeaux architect working with Lafarge, proposed this project to the Bgles town council. Domofrance, the social landlord, agreed to finance the project. After two years of work by these four partners, the project is now going to see the light of day. I would like to pay tribute to the courage, the desire, the risks taken and the motivation of all the players in the spirit of a shared project. Our aim now is to show that it can work and that it can be reproduced elsewhere.

JEan-tiEnnE SurlvE-BazEillE, Vice-Mayor of Bgles in charge of Urbanism and Town Planning


RALA012_GB_24a33_BAT.indd 28-29 24/04/13 14:09


alGEria REMODELING THE CITYThe strategic project initiated by Wilaya for the Bay of Algiers aims to reconnect the inhabitants of Algiers with the sea, improve their living surroundings without rejecting the existing city and promote mobility thanks to a new public transport network. To the east, the citys Bateau Cass district could become an eco-district with a focus on tourism and leisure activities, where parks and gardens have been preserved and linked to new residential buildings are intended for a middle-class population who are excluded from social housing but cannot afford the private market. The duplex apartments, designed around patio-loggias, will be built above a two-story podium at street level, which will contain shops, business premises and public amenities to create a genuine mix of housing, public services and business. To rationalize the design of the buildings and apartments to provide maximum comfort at the lowest cost, the agency in charge of the project called on our expertise in materials and construction techniques.

We have been fortunate to benefit from very substantial technical support from Lafarge teams, both those working here in Algiers and those at the Research Center. We have worked in a remarkable atmosphere of intelligence with engineers and researchers, particularly on structural and thermal issues, from the very earliest phases of the project. By starting up our collaboration so early on, we have given ourselves every chance of achieving the best possible energy efficiency.

mariE-FranCE BOuEt, architect and urban planner, Arte Charpentier

SOlutiOnS tO maKE

CitiES mOrE COmPaCt

structure or building very tall skyscrapers.

COnCrEtE SOlutiOnS Our solutions play a part in mak-ing cities more compact. We are actively participating in vertical constructions which free up ground space. These buildings call upon every variety in our wide range of concretes: very high strength concrete for the foundations and the lower parts, lightweight concrete for the upper parts, and insulating con-crete for the intervening stories. Our concrete solutions also offer very good resistance to earth-quakes, deformation and fire, and give architects great liberty with regard to forms. For those working on urban development, we also provide experience and research capabilities for the con-struction, renovation and exten-sion of buildings combining quality, longevity and cost- effectiveness all of which are essential for creating harmoni-ous neighborhoods.

all expanding cities run the risk of creating urban sprawl. But an alternative that is better for the environment and for the well-being of city-dwellers consists of making cities denser while retain-ing open spaces. Proximity between home, work, amenities and services is essential for the quality of life in the city, and allows more mobility.

OrGanizEd dEnSiFiCatiOn Cities that are more compact pre-serve both the agricultural land needed to feed a growing popula-tion and the natural habitats where flora and fauna can thrive. The densification of cities neces-sitates reusing, sometimes reclaiming, abandoned areas by renovating existing buildings, raising their height, extending them and adding livable space to them. Densification must be car-ried out in a rational manner, with a balanced attitude toward space and a vertical attitude toward constructions, whether adding two more stories to a single-story

PARTNERING GREATER MOSCOW

The Group is involved in the Greater Moscow regeneration project alongside two French architects, Antoine Grumbach and Jean-Michel Wilmotte, who have been commissioned to

design projects forming part of the development of the capital. Central to the project are the

construction of new metro lines and a tramway, redevelopment of the banks of the Moskva River and the construction of new more environmentally friendly districts.

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FranCEAN URBAN METAMORPHOSIS IN MARSEILLEUrban metamorphosis is under way in Marseille, which is the European Capital of Culture in 2013. The new Euromditerrane district is a showcase for the citys regeneration program. Combining offi ces, cultural facilities and housing, it features all the latest trends in urban design. Begun in 1995, the operation has the ambition of positioning Marseille the second largest city in France with 1.5million inhabitants at the level of the great European metropolises and bringing its inhabitants closer to the former docks district, now abandoned. As a stakeholder in this vast project, we have supplied concrete for the new headquarters of the maritime transport company, CMA-CGM, an asymmetrical 145-meter tower with curved walls, designed by architect Zaha Hadid, and the H99 tower still under construction designed by

Jean-Baptiste Pietri. As its name suggests, this building will be 99meters tall, and it will be the fi rst high-rise residential building constructed in France since the 1970s. Consisting of three modules set one upon the other (City View, Sea View and Sky View), it will be taken up with apartments. Finally, at the entrance to the Vieux-Port stands the Mucem (the Museum of Civilizations from Europe and the Mediterranean), a vertical casbah designed by architect Rudy Ricciotti, with sun-breaks like a gigantic mashrabiya, a latticework entirely produced with ultra-high performance concrete (Ductal). The mineral cube is linked by a Ductal footbridge to Fort Saint-Jean, itself connected to St Laurents church, in the Panier district.

indiaTHE TALLEST RESIDENTIAL SKYSCRAPER The economic capital of India and a megalopolis of more than 20 million people, Mumbai is facing the problems of all major metropolises, such as the scarcity of building land, which is forcing many residents to live too far from their place of work. The solution is to build upwards. Appropriately enough for this enormous city, the Lodha World One tower, which will stand in the center of Mumbai in 2014, will be the worlds tallest residential skyscraper. Designed by the I.M. Pei practice, it sets numerous new records. At 442 meters in height and with more than 300 apartments, it will use 800,000 m of a value-added concrete suggested at the start of the design phase by our engineers to improve the strength and durability of the structure.

PHiliPPinESTOWERS FOR A FAST-GROWING METROPOLISIn such a dense and fast-growing city as Manila, factoring in the economic, social and environmental impact of new constructions is essential when striving to satisfy the growing need for offi ce space. Built in the Makati fi nancial center, the Zuellig Building is the fi rst of a new generation of towers to focus on these concerns. An offi ce building offering a high-quality environment, it is the fi rst tower in the country to be awarded the American LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) label. It was classed among the three Best Offi ce and Business Developments in Asia by the jury at the MIPIM (March International des Professionnels de lImmobilier) in 2012. To construct this 33-story skyscraper, the ready-mix concrete supplier, Deecon, opted for one of our high-performance cements because of its consistency, the reliability of supply and our technical assistance.

The strategy that consisted of extending our cities on a one-story or two-story basis has been a disaster. The best solution is density, and one of the models for that is the tower building. [] A tower gives a strong signal, very often indicating the city center rather as a church steeple indicates the center of the village. [] The towers that we are in the process of constructing will become the facade of the city. People will look on Marseille from the exterior, as they do with New York.

JEan-BaPtiStE PiEtri, architect


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SOLUTIONS TO MAKE

CITIES MORE DURABLE

energy efficiency of buildings and the quality of living of the inhabit-ants. Starting out at the construc-tion site phase, we have solutions that improve the application of our concretes. Agilia is self-compact-ing, which means that it does not need to be vibrated. This results in better working conditions and considerable time-savings.The utilization of buildings is the principal source of energy con-sumption. We have improved the naturally excellent thermal quali-ties of concrete by designing inno-vative building systems: Ductal, the ultra-high performance con-crete-based thermal breaker, and the Thermedia range, which pro-vides six times better insulation than a traditional concrete. We are improving safety for pedestrians and drivers, who can be spared flooded and slippery road surfaces thanks to Hydromedia, our per-vious concrete. We are also work-ing on a prototype anti-pollution concrete, which is designed to reduce nitrogen dioxide fumes in closed spaces, such as tunnels.

Durable cities are ones whose buildings and infrastructure resist the passage of time and play their part in protecting the environment.

RESILIENCE TO TIME AND TO NATURAL DISASTERS

The foremost quality of concrete is its solidity: its performance stands the test of time, it requires no main-tenance and it provides better resistance to catastrophes such as the Fukushima earthquake or Hur-ricane Katrina. Although cata-clysms remain rare, we supply special concretes in high-risk areas formulated to withstand earth-quakes, cyclones or corrosion, as were used for the Perez Art Museum in Miami.

PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENTDurable cities also protect the environment, conserve water and energy resources and fight against carbon emissions. The construc-tion processes and materials employed have an impact on the environmental footprint and

OUR COMMITMENTS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

Reducing our CO2 emissions by 33% per tonne of cement

produced by 2020*, using 50% of non-fossil fuels in our cement plants (including

30% biomass), manufacturing 15million tonnes of aggregates

from reused or recycled materials and incorporating them in 20% of our concrete production: these have been identified as our Ambitions for 2020.

* compared to our 1990 emission levels


UNITED STATES STYLE AND RESISTANCEThe project for the new Perez Miami Art Museum is part of a vast revitalization plan for the American city. The architecture practice led by Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron chose the ultra high-performance concrete, Ductal, to support the wide glass facades of the museum. Thanks to its exceptional strength, Ductal has made it possible to build thin, sinuous mullions leaving unobstructed

views over the veranda while complying with the anti-hurricane standards in force in this tropical region. One key detail: the concrete used will resist corrosion and abrasion in the salt air climate, even though the museum is located right on Miamis Biscayne Bay waterfront.

We are excited to work on a museum project in Miami, which is such a vibrant mix of cultures. The regions extraordinary role as an eminent international crossroads will inspire the programming and design of the new site, enabling the creation of a facility that is unique among the ever-expanding number of new museums worldwide.

JACQUES HERZOG, architectSource: www.swissinfo.ch, Herzog & de Meuron conquirent Miami

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Who has never dreamed of living in a nice house where its never cold? Where gas and electricity bills are a thing of the past? For residents of Waterford, in the United Kingdom, this dream has now become reality. In collaboration with one of the leading British building contractors, our United Kingdom subsidiary has built net-zero energy houses. Whats the secret?

Using the natural thermal inertia of concrete with cubic volumes (the most energy-efficient shape), combined with solar panels to generate electricity. This project demonstrates the thermal insulation qualities of our concrete solutions and our know-how.

FRANCE AEThER, A NEW GENERATION CEMENTWe have been committed for many years on a voluntary basis to the fight against climate change, and have been working for some years on processes that drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions during cement manufacture. With Aether cement, we are launching a revolution: by reducing the amount of limestone in the raw mix and heating the kiln to a lower temperature, we can reduce CO2 emissions by 25% to 30%. Industrial trials successfully performed at the end of 2012 at the Groups plant in Le Teil, France, confirmed that Aether cement achieves performance equivalent to that of our conventional cement. This undeniable progress has benefited from a grant from the European Unions Life + program intended to support environmental projects. The commercial launch is scheduled for 2014.

UNITED STATES ThE VIRTUOUS CIRCLE OF AN ALTERNATIVE FUELIn the United States, our cement plant in Whitehall, Pennsylvania has been innovative, developing a virtuous process for its energy supply. Used tires burned in its kilns provide it with an alternative fuel. A source of savings, this process avoids the tires being sent to landfill, taking up space or generating pollution and health risks. What is more, the metal used for the tire carcass is recovered and used in cement production. This alternative fuel now accounts for 30% of the plants energy resources. Combustion at a very high temperature ensures the complete elimination of tires while producing cement, the hydraulic binder thats needed to manufacture concrete. Lower carbon emissions, destruction of used tires, a solution to reduce waste storage, recycling, conservation of raw materials who can top that?

CANADA AGGNEO, hIGh QUALITY RECYCLED AGGREGATES

Obtained from the rubble of demolished buildings, recycled aggregates offer a double environmental benefit: they provide an outlet for the use of demolition waste while conserving natural raw materials. To promote this material, we have created Aggneo, a range of recycled aggregates with a guarantee of properties, supply and performance close to those of natural aggregates, thanks to quality controls at each step of the process. Launched in Canada in 2012, this product aroused interest in the province of Ontario and the towns of Mississauga and Hamilton, which placed orders.

UNITED KINGDOM NET-ZERO ENERGY hOMES


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GREECE hYDROMEDIA, AN ANTI- FLOODING CONCRETE Built on a slope, the parking lot of a new shopping mall in Thessaloniki, Greece, had to ensure the safety of both pedestrians and car drivers by avoiding standing water in heavy rain. A drainage system, the first solution envisaged, proved to be too expensive. The site managers therefore opted for surfacing the parking lot with Hydromedia

pervious concrete. The system acts as a buffer in heavy rain, thanks to a concrete slab poured onto a sub-base of coarse aggregates. The aggregates avoid overloading the drainage network and filter the sediments and solid particles carried by the rainwater. The concrete is strong enough to bear the weight of 8-tonne delivery trucks.

ROMANIA CONCRETE FOR WIND TURBINESWill Romania become the model for the European energy transition? The towns of Fantanele and Cogealac, in northeastern Romania, are preparing to play host to the largest onshore wind farm in Europe. 240wind turbines spread over 1,100hectares will generate around 600MW of power, enough to supply 400,000homes! We have been chosen to supply the high-strength concrete that will support the wind turbines. Since construction work was launched in 2008, we have already supplied more than 140,000m3 of concrete, thanks to a mobile plant installed on the site.

FRANCEA POSITIVE-ENERGY FOOTBALL STADIUMOn July 12, 2012, a crowd of around 25,000spectators watched a soccer match between LeHavre AC and LilleOSC. It was their first opportunity to see for themselves the brand new Stade Ocane, in LeHavre, northwestern France, the construction of which had been completed a few months previously. A centerpiece of social and sporting life in the city, this stadium is unique in France: it is the first that produces more energy than it consumes. Thanks to its 1,500 m2 of photovoltaic panels, its rainwater recovery system for watering and sanitation, its thermal insulation and its system to regulate

temperature and lighting based on occupancy, the Stade Ocanes environmental impact is limited to the strict minimum. No sacrifice has been made as far as esthetics are concerned, though. We supplied a cement with very low carbon content (CEM V-type cement, half composed of fly ash produced by thermal power plants). As a result, the construction sites carbon emissions were reduced by 22%.

VIETNAMBUILDING ON ThE DELTAS

A strip of land running along the South China Sea, Vietnam and its picture-postcard landscapes are confronted by an enormous difficulty for construction: how do you build on the loose ground of the deltas and along coastlines? Working with an antiseismic technique invented in Japan, our Vietnamese subsidiary has developed Soilcrete, a cement incorporating 60% slag (steel mill waste with the properties of a hydraulic binder), injected directly into the soil to ensure stability. With good resistance to external chemical aggression and capable of reducing cracking in massive structures, Soilcrete also means reduced investment in production and equipment, making it ideal for a fast-growing country.


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More than 3 million French homes spend at least 10% of their revenue on buying energy*, particularly to heat themselves properly. Improving the thermal insulation of buildings is the only reasonable way of combating this energy poverty. Launched in 2009 in partnership with Bouygues, our Thermedia0.6concrete reduces energy loss in facades by 35%, thanks to a formulation that improves the insulation of concrete without affecting its structural

performance. As part of a renovation project in the town of Avrill, northwestern France, 160m3 of Thermedia0.6 concrete were used to build a three-story apartment block. In Perpignan, southwestern France, Thermedia0.6 was also chosen for an office building used by the citys Occupational Health service.

*Pelletier Report on fuel poverty (January 2010)

SOLUTIONS TO MAKE

CITIES MORE CONNECTED

quality, shape and grading for each layer. This basic raw material is so important that since 2009 the Lafarge Research Center has dedicated a specific program to aggregates.

SPECIFIC SOLUTIONS FOR UNIQUE STRUCTURES

As far as engineering structures are concerned (bridges, viaducts, tunnels), each one is unique and will require specially designed concrete solutions each time. A high level of logistics capabilities are crucial on these vast projects, where it is essential to be able to deliver special products in large quantities at regular intervals, if necessary on a 24/7 basis.

All city-dwellers want their journeys to be easy, whether they are traveling within their own city or their own neighbor-hood, trying to get from one place to another quickly even at the other end of the city, going to work, taking public transport or getting out of the city completely, to go into the country or to another city. Urban growth demands that transport systems are capable of meeting the challenge of ensuring mobility both within and between cities, an essential factor for quality of life and economic vitality.

LARGE-SCALE PROJECTSBuilding materials and construc-tion techniques have a key role to play in major transport infrastruc-ture such as tram and metro lines, roads, bridges, tunnels, ports, stations and airports, because they require totally reliable guarantees with regard to solidity, durability and safety. The construction of a road calls for different aggregates in terms of

REBUILDING THE BELGRADE TELECOMMUNICATION TOWER

Built in 1965 on a hill in Belgrade, the 200-meter

tall Avala television was destroyed by NATO

bombing in 1999. Faithfully rebuilt between 2006 and 2010 just as it was, it is the only tower in the world that stands on legs forming an equilateral triangle. Lafarge supplied the concrete with very precise specifications for strength, workability

and even color.

FRANCE IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

CHINA LOW-COST INSULATION China is the worlds third largest economy and also one of its leading emitters of greenhouse gases. Improving the energy efficiency of the 10million homes built there each year is therefore a priority. To meet this challenge, our development laboratory based in Chongqing developed a building system in 2012 that improves the thermal insulation of buildings. The cornerstone of the system is Wallmaster, with which it is possible to give houses better insulation thanks to autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks. Used in conjunction with lightweight concrete for flooring this solution offers thermal comfort without increasing building costs.


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EGYPTA ThIRD METRO LINE IN CAIRO

Not only is Cairo the largest city in Africa, it is also the only one to possess a metro. But with 3.5million passengers per day, the two existing lines were proving incapable of meeting the needs of this severely congested megacities of 15.5million inhabitants. Construction of the 33-kilometer third line began in 2007, and it will continue in five phases until 2019. One end of the line will serve Heliopolis and the international airport, and the other popular districts lying west of the Nile. Two other metro lines are also due to be built as part of a vast program to relieve traffic congestion in Greater Cairo, which will be complete in 2022. The first phase of Line no.3, which came into service in 2012, includes five underground stations and runs from the city center to the east of Cairo. It required 560,000m3 of high-strength concrete, impermeable concrete, filling concrete and filling mortar, all supplied by Lafarge.

CASABLANCA, MOROCCOThE TRAM TRANSFORMS ThE CITY Every day, 250,000 to 300,000 people use the tramway crossing Casablanca, opened in December 2012. The success has been on the scale of the needs of the citys 3.6million inhabitants, who have faced traffic congestion and a less than optimal bus service. The central portion of the line, the pedestrian areas and the junctions are surfaced with decorative paving produced with our Artevia range of colored concretes, selected with the customer and then laid by contractors with Lafarge supervision. By ensuring continuous concrete deliveries for each type of utilization, our Moroccan subsidiary, involved in the project from the design of the tramway, contributed to the completion of the project in record time: 31km constructed in thirty months. Weve never seen that before! commented Pierre Mongin, CEO of the RATP, operator of the network.

RABAT, MOROCCO A BRIDGE LINKING CITY AND SUBURB

In the first place, it is a bridge to carry the road and tramway running between Rabat, the administrative capital of Morocco, and the dormitory town of Sal, on the other side of the Bou Regreg River. But it is also a roof covering a pedestrian walkway, turning this bridge into a public space where populations mix: a social commitment between city and suburb, as architect Marc Mimram puts it. An urban link joining two parts of Moroccos largest city, the Hassan II bridge is an extraordinary piece of infrastructure, remarkable both for its delicate architecture and how well it blends into its environment.

At the site, in the light of the Bou Regreg valley, the client and I chose the best finish, the one that blends in the most harmoniously with the built environment of the site, the distant geographical horizon of the river, the soft light of the valley. This means that the bridge is anchored to the site; the pale color of the concrete brings the material to life, reacting to changes of light and angles of view.

MARC MIMRAM, architect

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Situated on the Trans-Canada Highway, the Port Mann Bridge spans the Fraser River and connects the towns of Coquitlam and Surrey, near Vancouver, British Colombia. The British Colombia Ministry of Transportation decided to replace the original five-lane steel bridge, which had become totally saturated. The new Port Mann Bridge opened in 2012. At 2kilometers, it is the second longest cable-stay bridge in North America, and at 65meters it is the widest bridge in the world, with ten lanes of traffic

plus one for cyclists and pedestrians. It has double the traffic capacity of the previous bridge, enabling it to absorb 800,000vehicles per week and put an end to the traffic jams that could sometimes cost drivers over an hour. We supplied the 180,000m3 of concrete needed to construct the 2,300 precast parts of the deck in Chronolia, the 300structures that make up the piers, the abutment footings in Agilia and the two horizontal 70-meter pylons supporting the main cables.

CANADA ThE WORLDS WIDEST BRIDGE

AUSTRIA A TUNNEL TO OPEN UP ThE SOUTh A new high-speed rail line is under construction in southern Austria. It aims to take two hours off the train journey time between Graz and Klagenfurt and at the same time reduce road traffic. But to do this, it is necessary to cross the Koralpe mountain range, which separates the two towns, by means of a 32.9-kilometer tunnel consisting of two 9-meter diameter tubes. 1.2million m3 of concrete will be required to construct the precast elements of the first two stretches and the exploration tunnels. We will supply the cement (350,000tonnes) and additions (82,000tonnes). The chemical composition of the cement has been custom-designed to meet the specific needs of this remarkable project. The line is due to come into service in 2022.

POLANDAN EXPRESSWAY ACROSS ThE COUNTRY For the past ten years, Poland has been engaged in a vast program to modernize its road network in order to connect its major cities and improve trans-European traffic. The S8 expressway, which will cross the center of Poland from east to west and on which works got under way in early 2012, will be constructed in concrete. The main contractor, Budimex, the leading Polish construction company, has chosen to work with us. We were the only supplier capable of offering a complete range including concrete for bridges and roads, aggregates for stabilization, bulk cement and services loading, unloading, tests and pumping with a single project manager. To complete this project successfully, we called on teams from our subsidiary in Spain to assist with the installation of three mobile ready-mix plants.


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SOLUTIONS TO MAKE

CITIES MORE BEAUTIFUL

to restore the architectural heritage of cities.

CUSTOMIZED CONCRETE FOR MORE AUDACIOUS ARCHITECTURAL FEATS

Our building solutions in concrete enable all sorts of possibilities. Our ultra-high performance concretes haute couture concretes combining ultra-high performance and exceptional strength with great slenderness, allow breathtakingly original designs such as the Peace Bridge in Seoul, South Korea, designed by Rudy Ricciotti, with a deck only 3cm thick. Our decorative concretes in the Artevia range embellish buildings and public spaces with every conceivable color and texture. Our self-compacting and self-leveling concretes are responsible for many technical feats and esthetic success stories, offering a particularly smooth finish. All our solutions support outstanding architecture in its endeavor to make cities more beautiful.

The city is forever moving, transforming, metamor-phosing. Nothing is more like a living being than this body of stone, wrote the French art historian Michel Ragon. Cities embody the ideas of both yesterday and today; they bear witness to the past as well as to present-day vitality. And each generation makes its own contri-bution. Concrete is well placed to make cities more beautiful. It is no coincidence that it inspires so many architects: its technical performance combines with its great flexibility to make possible many audacious architectural tours de force.Beauty is not the sole preserve of exceptional buildings. Combining its esthetic and utilitarian properties, concrete can transform a functional building like a hospital, an airport or a stadium by the uniqueness of its forms, the delicacy of its structures, and the variety of its textures. Concrete is also capable of being discreet yet effective when it is used in projects

CONCRETE AS A DECORATIVE PRODUCT

The Artevia range of decorative concretes is used to embellish public buildings and spaces. In the United Kingdom,

it was used to renovate the facade of the Cambridge

University Botanic Garden. This concrete is able to satisfy all esthetic tastes and can also be used for the interior decoration of houses, such

as in the villa of Saint-Fortunat, in southeastern France (see

photo).

FRANCE BEAUTY, COMFORT AND SAFETY Looking to provide its residents with more pleasant living surroundings, a residential home for elderly dependent people in central Paris was given a facelift in 2012. The facade was restructured and dressed with a latticework in ultra-high performance concrete (Ductal) by architects Philippon and Kalt. Applied to a 1,000m surface comprising the 22-meter facade of the building, it gives the impression of massive bamboo shoots swaying in the wind, suggesting the vegetation in the garden. This technical feat was made possible by the ductility and strength of the material. Providing the bedrooms with protection from the afternoon sun, these concrete strips allow wide views over the garden and make it possible to incorporate external walkways giving direct access to the bedrooms, as demanded by the fire service. The solution combines beauty, comfort and safety.

UNITED KINGDOM DIVING BOARDS MAKE ThE DIVERS LOOK EVEN BETTER As architect Zaha Hadid realized when she designed the Aquatics Centre in London, the Olympic Games are a show. She emphasized the elegance of the high-board diving by imagining the diving boards as slender structures that reflect the posture of divers as they are about to leap into the void. Behind the art there lies technique: our Agilia concrete specially formulated for vertical construction was selected after several months of testing because of its fluidity which allows exceptionally accurate placing and a high-quality finish. With the Olympic and Paralympic Games over, the Aquatics Centre is intended to be used not only for training elite swimmers and divers, but also by local swimming clubs and schools.

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Landing in Madrid at Terminal4 of Barajas Airport is first and foremost a powerful esthetic experience. Not surprisingly, this elegant 1.2kilometer long building, with a wave-shaped roof, gigantic brightly colored pillars and wide windows, designed by the celebrated British architect Richard Rogers, has won a number of international prizes. The terminal, which was inaugurated in 2006, doubled the capacity of Madrid Barajas from 35million to 70million passengers per year, which makes it now one of the busiest airports in Europe and the main hub for traffic between Europe and South America. Madrid Barajas is also a small

town, containing a large shopping center and leisure and business facilities. Everything is designed for the comfort of passengers. Including buildings, roads, tunnels and parking lots, construction was a permanent challenge lasting sixty months (from 1999 to 2003) for our teams in Spain, who supplied cement, aggregates and some 675,000m3 of concretes, manufactured by six mobile plants operating 24/7, in particular high-strength and self-compacting concretes for the hall pillars.

SPAIN BARAJAS AIRPORT, A WINDOW ON MADRID


FRANCE A MUSEUM AND A STADIUM An asymmetric undulating outer shell in three dimensions so that the structure is suggested and the concrete shell contains the building, in the way skin contains a body: thats how Rudy Ricciotti describes the exterior of the new Jean Bouin stadium, temple of Parisian rugby, which is scheduled to reopen in 2013. The outer shell is in Ductal, like the Mucem in Marseille (see page 33), and required three years of engineering work. The technical feat will be appreciated by spectators, who will be protected from bad weather. The stadium is a work of art, its gracefulness contrasting with its imposing neighbor, the Parc de Princes stadium!

From the Jean Bouin stadium to the new Islamic Arts wing, located in the Visconti Courtyard at the Louvre Museum, where our ultra-high performance concrete (Ductal) is once again strongly featured. Alongside Ductal, Rudy Ricciotti and his colleague Mario Bellini also made use of black Agilia concrete to coat the walls and construct the 16-meter monumental staircase linking the lower ground and ground levels. Constructed with a single pouring of concrete, it is yet one more illustration of the artistic benefits of state-of-the-art techniques.

I discovered Ductal very early on, some years ago. I was immediately struck by the intelligence of the material and I thought it had a real future. Innovations are always carried out across several scientific disciplines. Here, its chemistry, solid-state physics and technology and its a thrilling adventure.

RUDY RICCIOTTI, architect

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SPAINA FUTURISTIC hOSPITAL Sometimes hospitals can appear austere, but the new Reus hospital in the province of Tarragona, Spain, designed by Barcelona architects Pich and Aguilera, has a particularly harmonious design. It features a distinctive light well, over which there appear to float six hospital units on two stories, linked to a wide walkway, la rambla. Terraced gardens and a long oblique facade limit the impact of the building on the urban landscape and it blends in with the nearby technology park and new university campus. But the beauty of the building also has a functional side: particular care was given to the comfort of both patients and personnel, and the design of the building has made it possible to reduce energy consumption by 35% compared to the average for a hospital. We supplied 60,000tonnes of cement as well as Artevia decorative concrete.

IRAQSAVING ThE CITADEL OF ERBILConstructed 8,000years ago, Erbil is one of the worlds oldest continuously inhabited cities. The capital of Iraqi Kurdistan, it has 1.5million inhabitants. It is a city with a circular layout around a citadel, which is about to benefit from a rescue mission performed by local authorities and UNESCO. The aim is to make a tourist destination out of this extraordinary but ruined site that abounds in architectural remains of rare splendor, with vestiges of Sumerian, Persian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Greek and Arabic civilizations. The renovation will also enable the citadel to be populated once again. With the French Institute for the Near East in Iraq, we will finance the renovation of several houses inside the citadel. In addition to this financial contribution, we are supplying cement and contributing our expertise in reconstruction in view of the future classification of the citadel as a World Heritage Site.

50 Lafarge 2013

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CementAggregates & Concrete

Sustainability policy

atlas

Lafarge 2013 51

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CEMENt

Manufacturing cement is historically our core business. We have been French number 1 since the 1930s, and today we stand proud as a world leader in building materials and in the cement market.

MANUFACTURINGCement is manufactured from raw materials (calcium carbonate, silica, alumina, iron ore), mostly extracted from natural quarries. They are then crushed, ground, mixed and then fired dry in a rotary kiln at approximately 1,500C to obtain clinker. When this is mixed with a little gypsum, cement is produced. In order to broaden our range of products and reduce our carbon emissions, we innovate by incorporating other ingredients in the manufacturing process (limestone, ground slag, pozzolan, fly ash).

INDUSTRYThe investment required for the production of cement being very high, the sector is capital-intensive. In the 1970s, there was a strong movement towards consolidation. As a result, we are today facing around ten truly international competitors, including Holcim (Switzerland), Italcementi and Buzzi (Italy), Cemex (Mexico), HeidelbergCement (Germany), Taiheiyo (Japan) and Camargo Corra and Votorantim (Brazil). Alongside these

iN figurEs2012

world

No.1Emerging countries represent 90% of the global market. 75% of our cement capacity is situated in these countries.

multinationals, a number of regional players take advantage of their proximity to production sites to establish themselves locally.

MARKETS Emerging markets (Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, Middle East, Latin America) currently account for 90% of the world market, North America and Europe sharing the remaining 10%. We have a significant presence in all of these markets.

CUSTOMERS, PRODUCTS AND SERVICESWe manufacture a wide range of cements and hydraulic binders from the most traditional to the most specialized, designed for specific environments or applications. These products are intended for all players in the construction and civil engineering sectors: building and construction companies, industries and the general public through retailers. We combine a number of services with these products: technical assistance, logistics (orders, deliveries), documentation, demonstrations, training, etc. The quality and regularity of our cements and the reliability of our service offer constitute one of our main competitive advantages.

58 countries

10,373m of sales

161 production sites

41,200 employees

1 Western europe

6 countries

2 north AmericA 2 countries

3 centrAl And eAstern

europe 11 countries

4middle eAst And AfricA 23 countries

5 lAtin AmericA 4 countries

6AsiA

12 countries

58countries


1. Western Europe 15% 2. North America 12% 3. Central and Eastern Europe 9% 4. Middle East and Africa 34% 5. Latin America 8% 6. Asia 22%

breAkdoWn of operAtions

groWth in sAles (in millions of euros)

2 45 3 61

%sAles

by region

2

3

4

5

10373

997

5

965

6

2012

2011

2010

16

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1 Western europe

5 countries

2 north AmericA 2 countries

3 centrAl And eAstern

europe 6 countries

4middle eAst And AfricA 14 countries

5 lAtin AmericA 2 countries

6AsiA

7 countries

2012

2011

2010

aggrEgatEs CONCrEtE

Aggregates are a raw material for concrete, masonry and asphalt, and are used as a base material for road building, embankments and foundations.

MANUFACTUREAggregates are mainly extracted from rock by explosion and then crushed. They can also be obtained from sand and gravel extraction. They are then screened to obtain different calibers.

INDUSTRY AND MARKETS Requiring heavy equipment and expensive installations and subject to environmental legislation restricting potential quarry sites, the aggregates sector is heavily consolidated. There are still many local players, but only a few multinationals operate extensively. Although our business is worldwide, it is mostly focused on Western Europe and North America.

CUSTOMERS, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES There are tens of thousands of customers for aggregates. The biggest are producers of concrete and asphalt, manufacturers of precast products and building and construction contractors. Aggregates are differentiated by hardness and grading. Thanks to the work carried out by our Research Center, we have succeeded in moving from a commodities market to high value-added products. We also market high-quality recycled aggregates.

Ready-mix concrete is one of the main outlets for the cement and aggregates industries. We are the worlds 4th largest producer, and we are differentiated by our capacity for innovation.

MANUFACTUREConcrete is composed of a mixture of aggregates, cement, chemical admixtures and water. It is manufactured in fixed or mobile plants and delivered in concrete trucks with a rotating drum that ensures it remains homogenous.

INDUSTRY AND MARKETSThe ready-mix concrete industry is not capital-intensive and is highly decentralized. The market includes a large number of local players. Only large integrated groups producing cement and aggregates have gained an international dimension: Lafarge, Cemex, CRH, HeidelbergCement, Holcim, Italcementi. Lafarges operations are chiefly located in Western Europe and North America, but they are also expanding in North Africa, the Middle East, Brazil, India and Malaysia.

CUSTOMERS, PRODUCTS AND SERVICESPurchasers of ready-mix concrete mostly consist of construction and civil engineering contractors, whether large international groups or individual operators. In this very competitive market, we are differentiated by the quality and reliability of our production, our wide range and our innovative products: ultra high-performance, self-compacting and self-leveling, decorative, insulating, pervious, etc.



36countries

5,353mof sales

1,395 production sites

21,800 employees


2 45 3 61

breAkdoWn of operAtions

groWth in sAles (in millions of euros)

world

No.2for aggregates

world

No.4for concrete 36

countries

iN figurEs2012

%of AggregAtes sAles by region

1

2

43

5 6

%sAles

of concrete by region

1

2

3

45

6

535

3

522

7

508

8

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Our COMMitMENt tO futurE gENEratiONs

Operating throughout the world in the heart of local communities, we intend to play an active role in creating a more sustainable world, whether through affordable construction, helping the development of our employees and the local that surround our sites, or reducing our environmental footprint while conserving natural resources. Our Sustainability Ambitions 2020, launched in 2012, are our action plan for making a net positive contribution to society.

A lONG-STANDING COMMITMENTWe have several decades of commitment and experience behind us. We demonstrated our leadership back in 2000 by being the first industrial group in the building materials sector to set CO2 emission reduction targets publicly. To date, we have cut our CO2 emissions by 24.7% since 1990. Our sustainability policy is founded on our values. Since the first version of our Principles of Action, written more than thirty years ago, we have strived to ensure that its values are the driving force of our action. Wherever we operate, we adhere to the same ethical principles and we apply the ten principles of the United Nations Global Compact.

CONTRIBUTING TO MEETING THE CHAllENGES OF SOCIETY For us sustainable development goes beyond the management of risks and beyond simply complying with standards and legislation. We are under no doubt that to meet the daunting challenges that the world is facing growing urbanization, the availability of natural resources, etc. we have to do more. This is why we took part in the Rio Earth Summit in 2012, having previously attended the first one in 1992. As a world leader in our sector, we are contributing to improving the quality of life of communities and populations, making housing more accessible and developing the building systems and the infrastructure of the future. We are co-chairing the Energy Efficiency in Buildings 2.0 project for the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).

PROGRESS THROUGH DIAlOGUE Of course, we are not moving forward alone. Alongside other companies, we are already involved in determining and implementing more stringent standards for the cement industry, particularly as part of the WBCSDs Cement Sustainability Initiative (CSI). We also maintain ongoing and constructive dialogues with NGOs, customers, consumers, governments, local authorities, employees and shareholders. We have set up partnerships with prominent non-governmental organizations such as WWF (environment), CARE (humanitarian aid), UN-Habitat and Habitat for Humanity (affordable housing)

9 MajOr aMbitiONs fOr 2020

building communities

lauNCHiNg aN agriCultural aCtiVitY

In Uganda, we have set up a project that will combine economic development and environmental protection. Coffee production is a major activity in the country. Our Hima cement facility has contributed by

distributing more than a million young coffee plants to local populations to help them launch their own agricultural activity. The plant then recovers the coffee husks the waste produced when coffee beans are extracted for

grinding and uses them as an alternative fuel. To date, 40,000 people have benefited from this program, and the plant has reduced its consumption of fossil fuels by 30%.

heAlth & sAfety

Volunteer Working

0 fatalities and avoid lost-time incidents for our employees

and contractors.

1 m volunteer hours

per year devoted to projects by employees.

SuStAiNAbiLity

1

3

diVersity

locAl Job creAtion

35% of senior management positions

held by women.

75% of our countries implementing a local job creation plan.

2

4

building sustAinAbly

Building a zero energy duplex house in concrete both quickly and at a reasonable price was the challenge we set ourselves in Edmonton, Canada. Designed in partnership with the NGO Habitat for Humanity and Stantec, an engineering and architecture firm, the

house was assembled onsite from precast concrete elements. It is well insulated and equipped with a geothermal pump, a solar water-heater and photovoltaic panels, and by taking advantage of the very good thermal inertia properties of concrete,

it maintains a balance between energy production and consumption over the year. A minor revolution in the land of timber frame housing

AffordAble And sustAinAble

housing

2 m people will have access

to affordable and sustainable housing.

5

sustAinAble products And

serVices

3 bn of annual sales generated by sustainable products

and services.

6

builDiNg a ZErO-ENErgY HOusE

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58 Lafarge 2013 Lafarge en 2013 59

and Transparency International (governance). Similarly, submitting ourselves to the friendly but critical view of our stakeholder panel is the best way to be ever more efficient and ambitious in our strategy and in our daily actions.

AN AMBITIOUS ROADMAP For more than ten years, we have played a pioneering role as a player in sustainable development. In June 2012, our commitment was given fresh impetus with our Sustainability Ambitions 2020, organized around three major pillars: Building communities, Building sustainably and Building the circular economy. In total, there are more than thirty ambitious undertakings. Some of the targets, such as achieving zero fatal accidents for our employees and contractors, are based on work that we have been committed to for many years. Others are new, such as enabling our employees to express their own commitment by taking part in volunteering initiatives, with a target of one million hours per year. All the targets share the same ambition of making sustainability the responsibility of each and every one of our employees.

building the circulAr economy

biODiVErsitY fOr tHE CitY

Now that the South Pit aggregates quarry in Calgary, Canada is no longer operating, it is enjoying a second life, thanks to a vast quarry rehabilitation project. In particular, this has involved creating wetlands

that can be home to aquatic species, resident and migratory birds, reptiles and amphibians, all at the gateway to this large city. The new zone, known as Lafarge Meadows by the Calgary locals, who have made the

place their own, is helping in the conservation of these species and providing a park for residents from the surrounding areas, who can come and see wetland ecosystems for themselves.

cArbon emissions

33% reduction in co2 emissions

per tonne of cement compared to 1990.

7

reused & recycled mAteriAls

20% of our concrete produced with reused or recycled

materials.

9

non-fossil fuels

50% of non-fossil fuels

in our cement plants by 2020.

8

Lafarge Corporate Communication Department - Photo credits: Rights reserved Lafarge Media Library. Cover: Vronique Touahri/ p.5: Charles Plumey-Faye/

p.10-11-26: DR Urbanology LLP (photographer)/ p.12-33-49: Charles Plumey-Faye (photographer), Rudy Ricciotti (architect)/ p.13: Claude Cieutat (photographer) / p.14-37-42: Yves Chanoit (photographer)/

p.15-16-17: Gerber Ignus (photographer)/ p.19-20-21: Robert Hanson (illustrator) / p.22-23: Gerber Ignus (photographer), Marc Mimram (architect)/ Portfolio, photos 1-2: Getty Images/

Portfolio, photo 3: Ignus Gerber (photographer)/ Portfolio, photo 4: Lisa Ricciotti (photographer), Rudy Ricciotti (architect)/ p.25: Getty Images/ p.28: Nicolas Eyidi (photographer), SOPRIN/ p.28: Henri-Alain Segalen (photographer), Brochet Lajus Pueyo

(Architect agency)/ p.29: Christophe Hutin (architect)/ p.30: Getty Images/ p.31: DR Arte Charpentier Architectes/ p.32: William Coscolluela (architect), Agence Skidmore, Owings et Merrill/ p.32: Courtesy of Lodha Group - Pei Cobb Freed & Partners (architect)/ p.33: Pierre-Franois Grosjean (photographer), Zaha Hadid (architect)/ p.33: DR Pietri Architectes, Jean-Baptiste Pietri

(architect)/ p.35: DR Herzog et de Meuron, Artefactorylab, Herzog et de Meuron (architects)/ p.36: Jerry Harrall (architect)/ p.37: Charles Callaghan (photographer)/ p.38: Rea Photos, SCAU architectes-KSS architects/ p.39: Getty Images, Richard Rogers (architect)/ p.39: Periklis Panagiotidis (photographer)/ p.40: Grald Morand-Grahame (photographer), Olivier de Boismenu (architect), Agence Arc/Pole/ p.43: Marc Mimram (architect)/ p.44: DR Transportation Investment Corporation/ p.45: DR OBB (Osterreichische Bundesbahnen)/

p.45: Mikolaj Katus (photographer)/ p.46: Erick Saillet (photographer), Clment Vergely Architectes/ p.47: Philippon-Kalt Architectes/ p.47: Hufton + Crow/ p.48: Getty Images, Richard Rogers (architecte)/ p.49: Lisa Riciotti (photographer),

M. Bellini-Rudy Riciotti Architectes, Muse du Louvre/ p.50: Mario Corea Arquitectura/ p.50: Getty Images Translated by Nouvel Angle - Printed by Drid Design, production and writing: (RALA012)

lafargE

61, rue des Belles-Feuilles BP 4075782 Paris Cedex 16 France

Tl.: +33144341111 Fax: +33144341200www.lafarge.com

Lafarge

Med

ia Library. P

hotograp

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rolin

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man

. Architect: D

ouglas

J. Cardina

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At Lafarge, we create innovative concrete solutions to contribute to more beautiful cities.Concrete is a material for creation. It inspires iconic buildings as well as preserving

our heritage. Agilia and Ultra High Performance Concrete can take all shapes, all textures,

while Artevia transforms sidewalks and squares into vibrant places.

Lafarge

Med

ia Library. P

hotograp

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s Ge

rber


At Lafarge, we develop solutions for vertical buildings to contribute to more compact cities.We provide a full range of solutions, form high performance concrete for the foundations

to lighter concrete for upper storeys, be it a three-storey building or a skyscraper.

Lafarge

Med

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hotograp

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bastian Oq

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At Lafarge, we create infrastructure solutions to contribute to more fluid cities.From bridges to tunnels, from roads to railways, from airports to stations, these infrastructures

require specific qualities: solid, safe, sustainable and easy to maintain, all intrinsic

to our solutions.

Lafarge

Med

ia Library. P

hotograp

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s Ge

rber. G

MP Arch

itects - L

ouis Karol Architects - P

oint Architects


At Lafarge, we imagine strong and high performance solutions to contribute to more durable cities. Concrete is a material that endures over time. It also provides natural thermal insulation.

Our innovations contribute to energy efficient building with Thermedia, while Hydromedia

prevents floods. A number of our solutions can even resist hurricanes or earthquakes.

Meanwhile, we continually reduce CO2 emissions from our manufacturing process.

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BUILDINGBETTER CITIESLAFARGE 2013

2013

LAFAR

GE

Lafarge

Med

ia Library.

Pho

tograp

her: Ignu

s Ge

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At Lafarge, we imagine housing solutions for all, from affordable houses to collective housing.For example, in India, we contribute to improving houses in the heart of slums.

In the Philippines, we promote affordable housing with micro-credit programs.

In Cameroon and Brazil, we provide lost casing solutions to build faster and cheaper.

In France, we contribute to collective housing of all types.

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2013 06 03 Lafarge Building Better Cities ENG

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