2010 Manual-ch01 Definitionpersonaltrainer

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N.C.C.P.TThe National Council for Certified Personal Trainers c/oFuture Fit

161 N. Reino Rd.Newbury Park, CA 91320

Telephone: 800-778-6060Fax: 805-498-9728email: [email protected]: futurefit.net or NCCPT.com

Copyright NotificationNo material within this book may be copied for public or commercial use. Copyright January 24, 2000 John Platero

All rights reserved. Except for use in a review, the reproduction or utilization of this work in any form of electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including xerography,photocopying and recording and, or any information-retrieval system, is forbidden without the writtenpermission by John Platero.

Writers: John Platero, Geno Carignan, Vicki Newell, Jan Griscom, Lenny Parracino and Curt Morrell

Editors: John Platero, John Platero Sr., Kathryn Larsen and Tica Stanton.Photographers: Dan Peterson, John IriyeFitness models: Kelly Brownrigg, Teresa Lance, Andrea Logan, Tom Kelly, Geno Carignan, Jude Brook,Heidi Carignan, John Shumski, and John PlateroDiagrams by: Michele Gross, Carisa Silva

The National Council of Certified Personal Trainers supports and adheres to the American College of SportsMedicine (ACSM) guidelines for exercise.

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Forward

One hundred years ago, most of us would be riding a horse or walking to get around. Obesity was not acommon problem. Our daily lives included plenty of physical activity. Men and women alike were active. Wewere walking, carrying and climbing more than we are now, and food was not readily available at every othercorner 24 hours a day. Because of technology we now sit most of the time and eat way too many emptycalories. Hence, the fitness industry is booming. Diet books, exercise equipment and supplements are justsome of the magic pills being sold to the consumer. We are constantly bombarded with misinformation

from respected doctors and celebrities on how to get in shape in just minutes a day. It is impossible to get inshape in just minutes in day. Well, then again, I guess it depends on what you consider being in shape.

The truth is, we have a long way to go. We havent been studying exercise that long. We didnt reallyhave to. Most people were getting enough anyway. Some of the information found in this book is technical,but very necessary.

George Carlin, a famous comedian once said if you figure out what average intelligence is for thewhole population, you have to remember that 50% of those people are dumber than that. This book is forthe other 50%.

John Platero

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank the following people for their contributions, for without them,this manual and the school, would not have been possible:

Chad Abramo and LA Fitness, Beth Carr, Mary Leslie, KC Lee, Ruben Salinas,Geno Carignan, Tim Belknap, PK Alexander, Alex Neira, Vicki Newell, JanGriscom, Lenny Parracino, Sylvia Galelli, Sherri Albert, Jeff Dilts, Mike Hibner,Victor Verhage, Johnny Torres, Lucho Crisalle, Kathryn Larsen, Rita Wong/JRRapid Print, Carisa Silva, John Platero Sr., Brock Hall and Curt Morrell.

To my dear friend John Iriye: I couldnt have done it without you.

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INTRODUCTION

Welcome to The National Council For Certified Personal Trainers.

We hope this will be the beginning of a journey towards discovery, knowledge andwisdom. The focus of this program is to explore as many different facets of training in theshort amount of time we spend together. Hopefully, these new stimuli will inspire you toseek out additional sources of information through other certifications, workshops,conventions, books, the internet or videos. Remember, it is impossible to learn everythingthere is to know about anything in a few days!

At this time, Personal Training is not regulated by any government agency. Therefore,we as Personal Trainers, must assume the responsibility to regulate ourselves. It is up tous as a whole, in this industry to stay current with the ever changing amount of informationconstantly surfacing.

We as Personal Trainers stand as guardians to the gate of health. We are preventivehealth care. If a client becomes sick or injured youll then let them pass through the gateto see another health care professional. It is your job to learn as much as you can to helpprevent that client from ever having to pass through those gates. This is the beginning of your education.

At the end of this manual you will find a list of what we consider the cream of thecrop in Personal Training resources.

Good Luck and thanks for reading!

John PlateroProgram Director

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgements ...........................................................................................................IIIIntroduction ......................................................................................................................IVTable of Contents ...............................................................................................................V

Chapter 1Definition of Personal Trainer ...................................................................................1-1

Chapter 2Exercise Physiology ..................................................................................................2-1

Chapter 3Basic Nutrition ..........................................................................................................3-1

Chapter 4Flexibility ..................................................................................................................4-1

Chapter 5Special Populations ...................................................................................................5-1

Chapter 6Anatomical Terms .....................................................................................................6-1

Chapter 7Anatomy ....................................................................................................................7-1

Chapter 8Exercise Application ..................................................................................................8-1

Chapter 9Program Design .........................................................................................................9-1

Chapter 10Fitness Assessments ................................................................................................10-1

Chapter 11Safety Procedures ....................................................................................................11-1

Chapter 12Equipment Statistics ................................................................................................12-1

Chapter 13Health Facts .............................................................................................................13-1

Chapter 14Business of Personal Training .................................................................................14-1

Chapter 15

Business Forms ........................................................................................................15-1Appendices AC............................................................................................Appendix AC

Certifications................................................................................................Certifications -1

Bibliography.................................................................................................Bibliography -1

Re-Certification Requirements................................................................Re-Certification -1

Glossary................................................................................................................Glossary-1

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Geno & Tom in Muscle Beach, Venice, California.


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CHAPTER 1

DEFINITION OF A PERSONAL TRAINER

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DEFINITION OF A PERSONAL TRAINER? WHAT IS YOURS?

Please write what your definition of what a personal trainer is at the bottom of the page. Before youattempt to write a definition, fill in the blanks below.

Characteristics of a Personal Trainer:

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____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Personal Trainer

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CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSONAL TRAINER

If you were to research the definition of Personal Trainer on the internet, you find this: A person whoworks one-on-one with a client to plan or implement an exercise or fitness regimen. We believe there ismore to it than that. In an effort to define the term Personal Trainer, we would first have to determine thecharacteristics that make up a successful Personal Trainer. I normally start off my workshops in thismanner. These are some of the responses Ive received, along with my observations.

Knowledgeable : A trainer must be well versed in anatomy, biomechanics, nutrition, joint structureand kinesiology; otherwise the possibility of client injury will increase.

Empathetic: Sincere interest and caring for the client is probably the most essential ingredient to thelongevity of a trainer. This is your bedside manner. All doctors have diplomas, but who is the doctor youend up choosing? The one who demonstrates a sincere interest in you as a person usually turns out to bethe doctor you like.

Professional: This one trait affects the image of the industry as a whole. Punctuality, appearance,presentation, hygiene and customer service is a must. Surprisingly, I have found the worst culprits areoften the busiest and most successful trainers. It seems once theyve acquired a large clientele theirappearance and presentation starts to become lax. Dont let this happen. The parts always affect thewhole.

Psychologists: Dont take this literally. You are not a psychologist, at least by trade. However, anyonewhos trained anyone, or been trained by a coach or teacher, is aware that people skills are crucial. Whento push and when not to pull someone is an art. When to be a stern disciplinarian, or a caring listener takesskill. This ability will establish what kind of trainer you will be and what kind of clients you will attract.Beware of this trait though, it can get you into trouble.

How personal should you get? How personal should your client get? This is where the professionalfactor kicks in. You may learn more things about your clients personal life than their spouse does. Infact, meeting someone three times a week will lend itself to a more personal relationship. Human natureand natural curiosity can run its course. It will be increasingly hard to keep your own personal lifeseparate from theirs. Try to keep the relationship professional. If you have to use phrases like, Im notreally qualified to comment on that subject, Lets concentrate on the task at hand, Lets not lose ourrhythm or Cmon, keep focused.

If you get too personal, you do so at your own risk. If you become too friendly, they might start askingfor a discount. Your client might get so wrapped up in the soap opera of your life that they will not get agood workout. If you give them the wrong personal advice, then they may hate you and cancel, or loserespect for your opinion and stop listening to your training advice as well. Refrain from discussingpolitics and religion.

But then again, I know a trainer whose client gave her away at her own wedding.

Companions: Many people wont exercise because they will not do it alone and have no one to gowith them. If these people had a paid appointment to keep, chances are they wouldnt miss it. Again, thesession is all about them. Keep the conversation focused on the client and their fitness goals.

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Communicators: People learn through their senses. There are three methods of teaching fitnessvisual, auditory, and kinesthetic.

Visual: The majority of us are visual learners. Once a person sees an exercise, they usually canimitate it. As a trainer you must fine tune the movements and make sure their mind and eyesare in the right place.

Auditory: Imagine training a blind person? Your cues would have to be primarily verbal.However, even seeing clients have their learning reinforced by creative descriptions andexplanations of the movements being performed.

Kinesthetic: Placing your hand or finger on the working muscle might help a client focus easier.However, be careful where and how you touch someone. You are a Health Care Professional.

The better you become at communicating, the quicker and more focused your client will be.

Teacher: This is similar to a communicator. Subject knowledge and background information about

your client will be a key ingredient to succeeding in this aspect of personal training. To convey the samemessage in different ways can be challenging and exhausting. This leads us to our next characteristic.

Patient: This is actually more than a characteristic, its a virtue. Remember, people are coming to youto get results and have not been able to achieve their fitness goals on their own. Patience must also betaught to your client. You are a Personal Trainer, but you do not have a magic wand. Your clients havehad their body for years and youve only started working with them. You can guide them, but they mustperform every repetition and every set.

Considerate: You may have a very obese client, or you may have a shy client. Imagine its their firstsession and it is prime time at the gym. You attempt to perform crunches and bridging for their lower back

and gluteal muscles. Would you have them perform these exercises in the middle of a busy gym, or wouldyou look for a discrete area where the client will feel more comfortable? This leads us to the nextcharacteristic.

Versatile: Its your first session with your new client and youve completed various fitness tests. Youhave their whole routine mapped out and youre ready to go. You walk onto the gym floor and it lookslike rush hour on the New York subway. All the equipment you planned to use is occupied. Your wholeplan is destroyed. What do you do? As a Professional Trainer versatility and variety are very important.You should be able to train someone anywhere anytime! You must learn to use other methods or toolswhen there are limited options . If the gym does not have these tools you must bring them with you. Thatswhy you are a Professional Personal Trainer.

Salesman: Whether you know it or not, you are always selling. Whether you are in the act of collecting money or not, you are always selling yourself. Some people are naturally good at selling, othershave to learn how to sell. When rent is due and you have to put food on the table, you might be forced tobecome a better salesman, but with practice anyone can be a great salesman. Working for yourself orworking for a company will be discussed in the Business Of Personal Training Chapter .

Proactive: You must use action and decide. Most people are reactive not proactive, thats why youhave to help your client make things happen.

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These are some of the characteristics of a Personal Trainer. As you can see, you have a big order tofill as a Personal Trainer.

Scope or P r a c t i c e : Personal trainers are fitness professionals involved in developing andimplementing an individualized approach to assess, motivate, educate and train individuals to exercise,recuperate and eat correctly. Using a variety of teaching techniques, personal trainers are proficient inleading and demonstrating safe and effective methods of exercise by applying the fundamental principlesof exercise science and guiding clients to achieve their personal health/fitness goals. Personal Trainers arealso trained to respond appropriately in emergency situations. A personal trainer is proficient in writingappropriate exercise recommendations, leading and demonstrating safe and effective methods of exercise,and motivating individuals to begin and to continue with a healthy lifestyle.

Legal Issues

There is a legal side to becoming and working as a personal trainer. An important legal and riskmanagement concern for personal trainers is the need to address the elements of service and the baselinefor competency that may be universally expected as the personal training field evolves. The areas of

greatest concern are:

Pre-activity health screening of clients. Interpreting the results. Development of physical activity recommendations and parameters for training. Instruction and supervision of physical activity. Emergency preparations. Timely fulfillment of your services.

To establish proficiency in these areas a personal trainer must examine professional standards andguidelines, policies and procedures and the use of forms and other documents including waivers and

releases, as well as liability insurance.

Many health clubs, fitness facilities and the professionals working within them have not routinelyprovided pre-activity participant screening (1). It is important to have industry standards and a set of guidelines to ensure that screening may take place prior to recommendations for beginning activity toparticipants, especially if the exercise (both aerobic and/or strength exercises) include those of moderateor higher intensity (2).

In fact, the failure to screen or even the performance of a screening which results in client injury mayactually increase the likelihood of legal claims and suits based upon negligence. While Personal Trainersmay not yet legally be classified as health care professionals and are not subject to medical malpractice

type lawsuits, they are subject to negligence actions (not medical malpractice type lawsuits). Legal claimsand lawsuits against Personal Trainers are likely to require expert opinion testimony to be successfullyasserted against them. This type of testimony is generally provided in litigation by recognized expertswithin a given field who provide, information regarding industry standards and whether deviation oradherence to such standards occurred in the delivery of service by the defendant. Such testimony then isused by fact finders such as juries and trial judges to determine whether or not the defendants actionsconstituted negligence, that is, whether the defendant provided substandard care which caused harmeither directly or indirectly to the injured person. In cases against health care providers such as

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physicians, such cases are referred to as malpractice actions. Professional malpractice lawsuits are oftensubject to different legal standards rules than those applied in non-medical negligence actions.

The process of providing individualized exercise programs for a client (mode, intensity, duration, andprogression) and the supervision provided by Personal Trainers have been the subject of several reportedlegal cases. Such suits have been filed based on claims of negligent training, monitoring, instruction,supervision and advice, (3) related to the alleged involvement of inappropriate activity for clients (4) andthose related to other alleged shortcomings occurring over the course of ongoing personal trainer activity.(5) While such negligence suits are based upon claims of using too much weight, resistance or too manyrepetitions resulting in injury to those directly involved in the litigation, these cases collectively helpdefine industry practices and in some instances serve as the basis for legislative proposals requiringlicensing and other forms of public regulation for Personal Trainers. (6)

Both health clubs and Personal Trainers must have a plan to provide proper response to emergencyevents, including those related to the need to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and evenautomated external defibrillation (AEDs). In the state of California, by law, all health club facilities musthave an Automated External Defibrillation (AEDs) on site.

In the law, theories of responsibility include the the concepts of vicarious liability or respondentsuperior. Employers are vicariously liable, that is, responsible for the negligent acts or omissions of their employees in the course of their employment. If you employ personal trainers you may beresponsible for their actions. Keep in mind, if you were to take your clients purse or gym bag tosafeguard it both you and your employer would now be responsible for its contents or any loss.

These and other legal concerns are issues with which Personal Trainers and the training facilities mustface every day can be addressed through a number of risk management responses. While such items needto be addressed on an individualized basis through personal legal counsel and other similar advisors,trainers should:

adhere to authoritative standards and guidelines in their delivery of service utilize legally adequate documents such as waivers, releases, informed consent agreements

and express assumption of risk forms to protect themselves from liability in the event of legalclaims or law suits.

perform physical fitness appraisals and develop individual exercise plans with their clients

secure express assumption of risk forms and/or waivers/releases from clients to protectthemselves from successful claim and suit

secure comprehensive liability insurance to provide an insurance paid defense and evenindemnification from any potential judgment. (7)

Personal Trainers are faced with a growing demand for their services by clients who will undoubtedlyexpect a greater professional expertise from such trainers. Personal Trainers must strive to deliver theirservices in accordance with published and authoritative industry standards and guidelines. This meansproviding services to clients that clearly meet or exceed the legal standard of care. A Personal Trainer canhelp protect themselves by keeping daily records that document day-to-day training variables f or eachclient and any other occurrences that might happen.

Minimize the risk of lawsuits through the use of appropriate legal documents (informed consent and

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express assumption of risk) designed to eliminate risk and by securing liability insurance to insure againstthose risks which otherwise cannot be completely eliminated.

Professionals may stay abreast of developments in this important area by reading industrypublications such as The exercise standards and malpractice and reporter (8) and comprehensiveprofessional treatises such as Legal aspects of preventative rehabilitative and recreational exerciseprograms. (9)

Personal Trainer: a) student/empathetic teacher of the movement and functions of the human bodyand the internal and external forces that act upon it, who professionally motivates, plans and monitorsthe benefits of fitness, exercise and nutrition as they relate to their clients health-related goal. b) A

protector of health and well being. A guardian to the gate of health.

GYM ETIQUETTE

1. Wipe your equipment off when youre finished. If your client sweats or drips all over theequipment, make sure to clean it off with a towel. Touching someones sweat is a good way to catch acold or the flu. You and your clients may consider wearing a pair of long-fingered gloves to protectagainst germs and bacteria.

2. Let people work in. Normally, a set shouldnt take longer than a minute. If someone needs to workin, allow them to do so.

3. Dont do aerobics in the weight room. The whole point of lifting weights is to increase theintensity of the exercise. If you can dance with the weights, they are probably too light. There are somefitness goals that may require your clients to perform these types of exercises. However, performingcardio in the weight room poses a danger to you, your client and other members.

4. Dont lift weights in the stretching area. Remember, its not the weight of a bullet that kills you.A three to five pound weight can break your face just as easy as a heavier weight. NO WEIGHTS IN THESTRETCHING AREA, PERIOD!

5. Keep the weight room floor clear of loose objects. Dont ever place a set of keys, water bottle,purse, wallet, or gym bag in the weight room, especially in front of the dumbbell racks. This poses adanger to anyone working out, especially if theyre trying to grab a set of dumbbells or re-rack them aftera heavy set.

6. When using dumbbells, stand back a few feet from the rack. Always step back at least three feetfrom the dumbbell racks when exercising, especially if youre performing front raises and/or lateral

raises. This allows other members to safely enter and exit the rack.

7. Use the equipment for what it is designed for. Beware of using the sit up boards for a rangelimiter when doing squats with your clients or performing sit ups on a decline bench press. Othermembers may want to use that equipment for what it was designed for.

8. If a person has headphones on, leave them alone. Although we all need help, some people dontwant any. If you need to work in, place yourself in their line of sight and then ask them to work in.

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9. Dont stand in someones line of sight to the mirror. The mirrors are a very important piece of equipment in the gym. A member can monitor their form and also get motivated. If theyre alreadyexercising, dont stand in front of them.

10. Return all equipment to its proper place. If you use a piece of equipment or weights, returnthem to their rightful place even if you didnt find them there. All barbells should be stripped of all weightplates and dumbbells should be racked in their proper designated place.

NCCPT CERTIFIED PERSONAL TRAINER CODE OF ETHICS

When you order any NCCPT (or NCCPT affiliate) educational or business program, you accept andagree to adhere to the NCCPT Code of Ethics. You hereby certify that the information given to NCCPTis true, complete and correct. You acknowledge if any of this information is later determined to be false,NCCPT reserves the right to revoke any certification or certificate that has been granted by the NCCPTor any of its affiliates. You further acknowledge that NCCPT certification does not certify or in any wayguarantee the quality of your work as an NCCPT-certified professional. You therefore agree to indemnifyand hold harmless NCCPT, its officers, directors and staff from any claims due to negligent acts,omissions, or faulty advice that you may give to clients as a NCCPT certified professional. You furtherrecognize that NCCPT is not responsible for any actions or damages incurred or taken by any personarising out of your work, intentions or actions as a NCCPT certified professional.

As a NCCPT Certified Personal Trainer you must recognize the importance of a set standard andscope of professional and ethical conduct in providing personal training services to clientele and thegeneral public. Professional and ethical concerns or issues arise when professionalism and ethics areeither not known or not fully understood. The NCCPT Certified Personal Trainer Code of Ethicsrepresents a professional standard that must be upheld at all times when performing the duties of aprofessional Personal Trainer.

Certified Personal Trainers:

1. Act with integrity in any relationship with their clients by providing the highest level of professional fitness training services based on objective and unbiased research and scientific informationin accordance with local, state and federal laws.

2. Act with integrity in relationship with colleagues, fellow employees and other health careprofessionals. They should respect the rights, opinions and decisions of other certified Personal Trainersand never solicit business from another trainers client and members of the general public.

3. Ensure a safe and enjoyable training environment through significant and suitably challengingprogramming.

4. Distinguish between personal convictions or opinions and professional duties and responsibilitiesand not allow personal beliefs and biases to interfere with the greater goals of the clients health, fitnessand performance. A trainer must not sexually, psychologically or economically exploit their relationshipwith a client, supervisor, employee or colleague.

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5. Personal Trainers should always keep the clients best interests first, not those which merelyadvance a trainers private and personal interest or gain.

6. Refer clients to appropriately qualified professionals when client need is greater than the trainersknowledge or abilities.

7. Keep abreast of the new developments, concepts and practices by actively researching and learning

on a daily basis in order to promote professional excellence. When in doubt, refer your client to anotherHealth Care Professional.

8. Respect a clients right to privacy. Maintain the confidentiality of personal client information andwritten records. Conversations, behavior, personal life and in some cases personal identity should be keptconfidential. The focus should be on the business relationship and not a clients personal life, except as itaffects a person health and fitness goals.

9. Avoid sexually oriented comments or banter and inappropriate physical conduct should be avoided.

10. Provide a non-biased, fair and equal treatment to all individuals and groups both personally and

professionally.

11. Use advertisements which promote the primary intent of helping clients make informed judgments, choices or decisions regarding their fitness goals.

12. Maintain an appearance which is clean in a manner consistent with good hygiene, safety andcommonly accepted good taste.

13. Remain focused when training and be distracted by other people, televisions, computer monitorsor cell phones.

Reporting of Conduct Violations

In order to ensure the validity and professional meaningfulness of the Certified Personal Trainer Examand processes, certified and non-related or non-certified individuals are asked to report concerns of ethicalor professional misconduct by Certified Personal Trainers to the Certification Boards Ethics and AppealsCommittee for consideration. This will help to ensure the professional fitness practice of CertifiedPersonal Trainers and fair treatment for employers, clientele and members of the public.

Report conduct violations and concerns by completing and submitting the Report of ConductViolations Form available at www.NCCPT.com/forms.html. All involved parties, either reporting ethicalor professional misconduct or are accused of such misconduct, will remain private and undisclosed to anyother individual or entity unless legal ramifications require such disclosure. Factual evidence must bediscovered and revealed in order for any disciplinary action to be mandated by the Certification Board.

All responses to the Ethics and Appeals Committee regarding professional and ethical misconductmust be in writing. Correspondences from the Certification Board will also be provided in writing. In theevent a disciplinary action is determined necessary, the accused individual or party will have 30 days tofile an appeal to the Ethics and Appeals Committee for consideration.

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The goal of the Ethics and Appeals Committee is to ensure ethical and professional practice andconduct by setting forth fair and reasonable expectations for Certified Personal Trainers and creating anavenue for enforcement of these expectations. It is the policy of the NCCPT Certification Board that noexam candidate be discriminated against based upon race, color, age, gender, sexual orientation, politicalor religious beliefs, disability, marital or familial status, ancestry, national origin, or any other categorythat is protected by federal law or other applicable laws and regulations.

Please view all necessary documentation and forms at www.NCCPT.com/forms.html for pertinentinformation regarding NCCPT CB standards, guidelines, policies, procedures and necessary forms.

1. McInnis, Herbert, Herbert, et al., Low Compliance with National Standards for CardiovascularEmergency Preparedness at Health Clubs, CHEST, 120: 283-288.

2. ACSMS HEALTH/FITNESS FACILITY STANDARDS and GUIDELINES, Second Ed. HumanKinetics, Champaign, IL, 1997.

3. Makris v. Scandinavian Health Spa, Inc., 1999 Ohio App. LEXIS 4416, analyzed in, Herbert,Another Suit over Personal Trainers Alleged Advice, THE EXERCISE STANDARDS andMALPRACTICE REPORTER 14(6): 95, 2000.

4. Herbert, New York Case against Personal Trainer Dismissed, THE EXERCISE STANDARDSand MALPRACTICE REPORTER 19(1): 13, 2005.

5. Herbert, $320 Million Lawsuit Filed Against Health Club, THE EXERCISE STANDARDS andMALPRACTICE REPORTER 13(3): 33, 36 (1999).

6. Herbert, Nevada Legislature Looking as Regulating Personal Trainers and Other FitnessProfessionals, THE EXERCISE STANDARDS and MALPRACTICE REPORTER 18(5): 65, 68(2004); Herbert, New Law to Regulate Personal Trainers Proposed in Oregon, THE EXERCISESTANDARDS and MALPRACTICE REPORTER18 (2): 17, 20-24 (2004); Herbert, FitnessInstructor Law Proposed in California, FITNESS MANAGEMENT 10(7): 21, June 1994.

7. Herbert and Herbert, LEGAL ASPECTS OF PREVENTIVE, REHABILITATIVE ANDRECREATIONAL EXERCISE PROGRAMS, Fourth Edition PRC Publishing, Inc., Canton,Ohio, 2002, [Chapter 11, Emergency Response Considerations for Health and Fitness Facilities].

8. Published 6 times a year by PRC Publishing, Inc., 3976 Fulton Drive NW, Canton, Ohio 44718.

1.800.336.0083 www.prcpublishingcorp.com.

Published by PRC Publishing, Inc., 3976 Fulton Drive NW, Canton, Ohio 44718. 1.800.336.0083www.prcpublishingcorp.com.

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