2010 ASIAFI: NDN applicability to automotive...

Company Proprietary Confidential Toyota InfoTechnology Center、U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!

2010 ASIAFI: NDN applicability to automotive scenarios.


Advances in recent 10 years in ICT Application for automobile

  Traditionally ICT improved many aspects of vehicles including emission reduction and stability control."

  In recent 10 years, contribution of ICT in vehicle technology expanded fast."  Vehicle Stability Control"  Radar Cruise Control"  Back Monitor"  Tire Pressure Monitor"  On Demand Information"  Shift Control based on Map"

  Autonomous→Networked "  Interests for Communication: V2I and V2V"

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Active Safety: Autonomous vs Cooperative

Autonomous

Cooperative


Example: CICAS Operational Concept

On Board Equipment (OBE)

Traffic signal information

Lane 1 Status red 4 sec Lane 2 Status red 4 sec Lane 3 Status green

Warning Road Side Equipment (RSE)

Intersection Traffic Control Device

DSRC radio

Processor

GPS Map storage

Vehicle has stopped

Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance System

Source: CICAS


ITS Vehicle services

  Traffic management"  probing, dynamic fee management, emission management"

  Public transport management"  transit vehicle tracking, multimodal coordination "

  Traveler information"  personal route guidance, provider based route guidance, dynamic rideshare"

  Vehicle safety"  intersection safety warning, intersection collision avoidance, automated

highway"  Commercial vehicle operation"

  fleet administration, freight administration, electronic clearance, weigh-in- motion"

  Emergency management "  stolen vehicle tracking, stolen vehicle control, emergency response, mayday

support "

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Objectives of Vehicular Networking

  Maximize the positive aspects" Provide essential and useful information"  Increase mobility of humans and goods"  Improve driving comfort"

  Minimize the negative impacts" Reduce accidents" Reduce congestion" Reduce environmental impact"

  Two types of information provisioning:" Safety related information"  “Infotainment” (for convenience)"


Key Components and Requirements

  Sensors"  Precise Positioning"  Communications"

 V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) communications" V2R (Vehicle-to-Roadside) communications"

 Roadside communications infrastructure" V2V2R / V2R2V"

 V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) communications" V2V2R / V2R2V"

  In-vehicle communications" Communications among on-board devices, sensors within vehicle"


Core Network

Access Network

Wireless Infrastructure ITS Infrastructure

V2R

V2V

Communication Types at a Glance

Automakers’ Applications


Communication Types

  V2V: "  Suited for active-safety and real-time situation awareness as well as other

applications"  Need to be fast, reliable, simple"  Complement to V2R and V2I (wide area)"  ID: VehicleID (VIN), Communication-ID (MAC) "

  V2R:"  Active safety and real-time situation awareness "  Cost, business case"

  How many RSUs are needed ? "  Number of intersections with traffic signal lights (US): 250,000-300,000"  Number of all intersections (US): 3 million"

  ID: RSUID(?), Communication-ID(MAC or/and IP address)"  V2I:"

  Infrastructure technologies & investment by wireless carriers"  Need to leverage its large area coverage "  Need feature enhancements (set-up latency, etc) for vehicle applications"  ID: NodeID(IPaddress), Communication-ID(MAC)"

Company Proprietary Confidential Toyota InfoTechnology Center、U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.! 10

Safety Applications Convenience Applications

Connectivity Proactive

(appears always-on) On-demand / transaction

Reach Local Distant

Mode Geocast / Multicast Unicast / Multicast

Latency / Jitter Urgent / Ultra low Various

Packet delivery ratio High Various

Data size / Connection duration Small / Short Large / Various

Service delivery All neighbors/some Location-aware/wide-area

Security Required Required

Privacy Required Required

Communication Requirements


Will be more heterogeneous than ever

Personal area/body area

Picocell Microcell Macrocell Global

Seamlessness among different media

Seamlessness within single medium

Adhoc Adhoc Adhoc Adhoc

diverse ID coverage/Scope seamless ID transparency among technology


Lifetime of Some Wireless Technologies < Lifetime of Vehicles

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2008 2009

AM

ISDBT 12seg

FM

Analog TV

ISDBT 1seg

WiFi 802.11a/g

WiFi 802.11n

WiMAX 802.16e

CDMA2000 1x EV-DO W-CDMA (HSDPA)

LTE

DSRC 5.8GHz (JP)

2010 2011 2012 2015

DSRC ７00MHz (JP)

DSRC 5.8GHz (EU) DSRC 5.9GHz (EU)

DSRC 5.9GHz (US)


ITS Architecture by ITS America

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Fixed point to fixed point Communications

Roadway

Toll Collection

Parking Management

Commercial Vehicle Check

Vehicle

Transit Vehicle

Commercial Vehicle

Emergency Vehicle

Ded

icat

ed S

hort

Ran

ge

Com

mun

icat

ions

Vehi

cle

to V

ehic

le C

omm

unic

atio

ns

Wide Area Wireless (Mobile) Communications

Remote Traveler Support

Personal Information Access

Travelers Centers

Vehicles

Field

Traffic Management

Archived Data Management

Maintenance & Construction Management

Commercial Vehicle Administration

Toll Administration

Emergency Management

Fleet & Freight Management

Transit Management

Emissions Management

Information Service Provider

Security Monitoring

Maintenance & Construction Vehicle


Travelers Centers

Wide Area Wireless Communications

Fixed Point to Point Communications

Vehicle Field

Vehi

cle

to V

ehic

le C

omm

unic

atio

ns

DSR

C


Travelers Centers

Wide Area Wireless Communications


Vehicle Field

Vehi

cle

to V

ehic

le C

omm

unic

atio

ns

DSR

C

Pede

stria

n


Travelers Centers


Vehicle Field

Vehi

cle

to V

ehic

le C

omm

unic

atio

ns

Ｕｂｉｑｕｉｔｏｕｓ Wireless Communications

Pede

stria

n


C2C-C: VANETs Scenario

Ｐage 17

From the slide “Need for E2E in Deployment of NEMO in C2C-C” draft-baldessari-c2ccc-nemo-req-00.txt

Company Proprietary Confidential Toyota InfoTechnology Center、U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.! T.SAITO2008.6.3

100sec

1sec

10msec

0.1msec

1m 100m 10km 1000km

Vehicle Networks

Current Networks Internet

latency

distance

slide from Requirements for Telecommunication Services from Automobile by Prof. Tadao Saito (CTO, Toyota ITC)


Stagnation of Telematics Services?!

PHS

XGP

Network (Internet)

GSM/GPRS/EDGE

3G/UMTS

WiMAX

LTE

DSRC/WAVE

Network Operator A

Network Operator B

Network Operator C

Various wireless access network is deployed in each region

different network conditions in different region/country

Necessity of Global Services

Necessity of Localization

Necessity of Ubiquitous access

The deployment cannot be achieved by single automobile vendor, but it requires gov involvement

Service Operator A

Service Operator B

Service Operator C

Deployment of V2V and V2R

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In-Vehicle Network (BUS)

http://eu.renesas.com/fmwk.jsp?cnt=am_lan_collaboration_child.htm&fp=/applications/automotive/automotive_segment/networking/child_folder/&title=In-Vehicle%20LAN%20and%20Coordinating%20Control

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The original IP hourglass with its “Narrow Waist”

Email Web VoIP P2P RTSP

TCP UDP ICMP

IP

Ether Sonet ATM

Fiber TCP CAT5 WiFi GSM

Principle: “IP over everything, and everything over IP”

A common, interoperable packet format forms the architecture’s “narrow waist” and is often

viewed as the single most valuable element of the Internet

design because it enables innovation

The packet paradigm is fundamental to the architecture (as opposed to circuit-switching

etc)


Large-scale vehicular data collection through NDN

Lucas Wang

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Our goal...

  Collect data from large number of vechicles, e.g. diagnosis information"

  So that an automotive OEM knows better about released cars" Reacts to potential dangers ahead of time" Can provide drivers with specific help when problems

happen" Has a historical database to consult for future designs"

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Our goal...

  Why NDN?"  Link/Network layers independence"

  The cost of all IP (V2V, V2R, V2I) vs. a new universal layer (waist), "

  car lifetime vs. new protocol deployments. "  Privacy "

  the source info (source IP addr) is often less important."  Scalability"

  cache, store and forward"

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System architecture - sample scenario

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Toyota server

Internet

Toyota server

US Japan

router router

router


Name prefix announcements

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Toyota server

Internet

Toyota server

Japan

router router

router

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/los-angeles

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view/b1

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view/b2

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/jp/tokyo


Forwarding info base(FIB)

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Toyota server

Toyota server

FIB

router

router router

router

router router router

Face0

F1 F2

F3

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view face 1

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/los-angeles face 2

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/jp face 3

base station 1

base station 2


FIB on base-stations

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ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view/b1 broadcast


Forwarding info base(FIB)

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Toyota server

Toyota server

router

router router

router

router router router

FIB ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view face 1

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/los-angeles face 2

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/jp face 3

ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca

Data

Data

Car A

Car B ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/car1234

DSRC

Data

Face0

F1 F2

F3


IEEE VNC 2010

Paper submission date: September 15, 2010 (Firm deadline, no extensions) Notification of acceptance date: October 15, 2010 Final paper submission date: November 12, 2010 Conference: December 13-15, 2010


References

  Tadao Saito, CTO, Toyota ITC, “ITS as a new market for telecommunication in Ubiquitous ICT “ at The Fully Networked Car meeting at Geneva, Mar 2009"

  Wai Chen, Chief Scientist, Telcordia Technologies, Inc. “Architecture and Technology for Adaptive Multi-hop V2V Networking in Dynamic Environments” at The Fully Networked Car meeting at Geneva,Mar 2009"

  Wai Chen, and et.al, “Context-Driven Disruption Tolerant Networking for Vehicle Applications”, at The Fully Networked Car meeting at Geneva,Mar 2010"

  “Traffic safety applications requirements”, "  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-karagiannis-traffic-safety-requirements-01"

  “In-Vehicle Routing Requirements in Low Power and Lossy Networks”"  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wakikawa-roll-invehicle-reqs-00"  Zhenkai Zhu (UCLA), Ryuji Wakikawa (ITC), Lixia Zhang(UCLA), , ``Supporting

Mobility in the Global Internet”, ACM Workshop on Mobile Internet Through Cellular Networks (UCLA), 2009 Sep. 21."

  International Conference on Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments(WAVE2008) by Onur Altintas, "Vehicular Networks in a Heterogeneous World"Dearborn, Michigan, December 2008."

  Toyota ITC Home Page"  http://www.toyota-itc.com/en/index.html (English)"  http://www.toyota-itc.com/ch/ (Chinese)"  http://www.toyota-itc.com/ (Japanese)"

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