Microprocessor socket

Southbridgechipset

Northbridge

CMOS Battery

Memory slots

ROM Chip

Expansion slots

ATX PowerConnector

IDE Socket

FDD Socket

AGP Slot

System Panel Connector

Parts of Motherboard

ROM chip- The chip or IC which contains and stores critical

programs such as the program that boots the computer and BIOS.

Parts of Motherboard

Pronounced rahm, acronym for read-only memory, computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. Once data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read.

Unlike main memory (RAM), ROM retains its contents even when the computer is turned off. ROM is referred to as being nonvolatile, whereas RAM is volatile.

Most personal computers contain a small amount of ROM that stores critical programs such as the program that boots the computer. In addition, ROMs are used extensively in calculators and peripheral devices such as laser printers, whose fonts are often stored in ROMs.

ROM

• AGP Slot- Accelerated Graphics Port supports 1.5 V- Slot refers to a unit of space in a motherboard that supports AGP cards and it yields a throughput rate of 266 MBps.

Parts of Motherboard

• Expansion Slot (PCI or ISA)- A socket on the motherboard that accepts an expansion card. * PCI – Peripheral Component Interconnect is a high-speed connection for devices including modems, sound cards, LAN cards etc. It can run at clock speeds of 33 or 66 MHz. At 32 bits and 33 MHz, it yields a throughput rate of 133 MBps. Parts of Motherboard

• FDD Connector/Socket- A socket for Floppy Disk Drive cable connector or interface. Parts of Motherboard

Southbridge - is the chip that controls all of the computers I/O functions, such as USB,

audio, serial, the system BIOS, the ISA bus, the interrupt controller and the IDE channels. In other words, all of the functions of a processor except memory, PCI and AGP. They do not normally come with a heat sink.

Parts of Motherboard

Southbridgechipset

Northbridge - a Chip that connects to a CPU to memory, the PCI bus, Level 2 cache and

AGP activities. The Northbridge chips communicate with the CPU through the FSB.

Parts of Motherboard

Northbridge

• System Panel Connector- This connector accommodates several front panel functions

a. System Power LEDb. HDD Activityc. ATX Power Switchd. Reset Switch

Parts of Motherboard

IDE Connector Socket (Intelligent Drive Electronics or Integrated Drive Electronics) - A socket for IDE Cable connector/interface

IDE Socket

Parts of Motherboard

ATX Power Connector Socket- A socket for the ATX Power Supply Cable Connector.

Parts of Motherboard

Parts of Motherboard

AT Power Connector Socket

• Microprocessor Socket- is the connector that interfaces between a computer's motherboard and the processor itself. Earlier CPU sockets and processors are built around the Pin Grid Array (PGA) architecture, in which the pins on the underside of the processor are inserted into the socket, usually with zero insertion force (ZIF) to aid installation. Today, most of the sockets used are built with Land Grid Array (LGA) architecture. Processors used in this architecture are sometimes termed as Pin less. Parts of Motherboard

Socket 2 Socket 478Socket 370 Socket LGA775 Slot mount

Memory Slots- Slots for the memory modules (RAM) also called

memory banks

Parts of Motherboard

• CMOS Battery- CMOS & Clock Backup batteries perform the same function in desktop and laptop computers: when the computer is turned off, the battery maintains the time and date, thus insuring their accuracy when the system is once again restarted. More importantly, the battery saves the computers BIOS setup configuration, which allows the system to efficiently reboot once it is restarted. Parts of Motherboard

Com portSerial port

p/s 2 Keyboardport

Mouseport

Parallel portprinter Blue – line in

Pink – micLime – line out

Firewire interfaceUSB interface LAN port

Parts of MotherboardRear Panel I/O

Good LuckSafety Precaution

T h a n k Y o u

Follow these safety precaution when installing motherboard

• Wear a grounding strap attached to a grounded device to avoid damage from static electricity

• Discharge static electricity by touching the metal of a safely grounded object before working on the motherboard.

• Leave the components in the static proof bags they came in.

• Hold all circuit boards by the edges.