2#2013

Case #18

16Case #2

22

New armoured vehicle will raise performance to a new level

Patria trains Swedish AMV experts

Introducing combat pilot equipment

2#2013

Hattula, Parolannummi, Finland61°03 '20"N, 24°22'15"E

The new vehicle concept features more space for dismounting soldiers, and the large rear ramp enables fast dismounting.

Photo Pentti Hokkanen

2 Patria

A Moment

Patria 3

Events >

>

Aerospace & Defense Supplier Summit, Seattle, USA

11.-13.3.2014

Aerospace & Defense Supplier Summit Seattle is a forum for companies in the aerospace industry to meet with potential industry partners. There are altogether 800 companies from 25 countries represented.

www.bciaerospace.com/seattle/

>ITEC is an annual forum for representatives from the military, industry and academia to connect and share knowledge with the international training, education and simulation sectors. The event provides visitors with a platform to discuss developments in this evolving market and exchange ideas about future requirements for military training and simulation. This year the event takes place in Germany.

www.itec.co.uk

ITEC, Cologne, Germany

20.-22.5.2014

>

Singapore Airshow,Changi Exhibition Centre

11.-16.2.2014

Singapore Airshow is Asia's largest and one of the most important aerospace and defence exhibitions in the world. At the event the latest state-of-the-art systems and equipment are displayed by top aerospace companies around the world. The event also features high-level conferences.

www.singaporeairshow.com

Photo Lystseva Marina / ITAR-TASS Photo / Corbis

SeattleCologne

Singapore

A full-scale model of the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II on display at the Singapore Airshow 2012.

4 Patria

Editorial >

7

Contents

Case # 1 > 8

Situation >

Case # 2 > 16

A Classic > Opinion > In Brief >

26 2724 2522 23

20 21

18 19

16 17

14 15

12 13

10 11

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“Patria AMV is a strong market leader in 8x8 vehicles. On the basis of this success story, we have created a new armoured vehicle concept.”

During development, particular attention was paid to the new vehicle's load-carrying capacity. The new concept is capable of carryring a 13-tonne payload.

Heikki Allonen, President and CEO

Patria. Patria Group`s stakeholder magazine. Editor in Chief: Birgitta Selonen, birgitta.selonen@patria.fi. Editing and layout: Otavamedia Oy, producer Petteri Pohjonen, layout Linda Halenius. Print: NewPrint. Paper: cover 200g Galerie Art Silk, inside pages 130g Galerie Art Silk. Feedback, request for information and subscriptions: info@patria.fi. Cover photography: Antti Hentinen and Pentti Hokkanen. ISSN 2323-4784, ISSN-L 1799-5701.

“Finland has set itself the objective of becoming a global forerunner in the field of cyber security by 2016. However, this will be impossible to achieve without cooperation. Finland's natural partners in this respect are the European Union and, through the Partnership for Peace, NATO," says Lieutenant Colonel Harri Suni.

“With regard to information, the Swedish are like a sponge. They want to know everything and more," says Patria instructor André Maré with a grin.

“It is important for conscripts to continue exercising after being discharged. "

Lieutenant Colonel Matti Santtila, Chief of Physical Exercise, Finnish Defence Forces

Patria 5

Did you know...? >

6

The ARRV repair and recovery vehicle performs maintenance tasks in the most challenging

field conditions.PATRIA AMV 8X8 ARRV • maximumtractiveforceofmainwinch

120kN• craneboomreach5m• craneliftingcapacity2.5–4tonnes

(dependingontheangleandpositionoftheboom)

Phot

o Pa

tria

ONE OF THE MANY special configurations of Patria AMV is the ARRV (Armoured Repair and Recovery Vehicle) equipped with integrated powerful winch, land an-chor and crane. The ARRV can perform tasks such as recovering another vehicle from a difficult location, and clearing obstacles if required.

The ARRV's equipment and interior repair work-shop allows it to perform crucial maintenance ope-rations, such as basic maintenance or repairing battle damage, on vehicles in the field. Using its crane, the vehicle can replace another vehicle's power pack or weapons system.

The basic characteristics of the ARRV vehicle, such as mobility and protection, equal the high standard of other Patria AMV vehicles.

AS A CRANE Patria AMV can also function

Editorial >

7

Patria AMV is a strong market leader in 8x8 vehicles. On the basis of this success story, we have created a new armoured vehicle concept that

will raise performance to a new level meeting the future needs of our customers. At the DSEI 2013 exhibition in London, we introduced a new wheeled vehicle concept that represents the cut-ting edge in its field and perfectly complements our existing product family.

This new concept is a state-of-the-art product that meets extremely high perfor-mance and quality requirements. The new vehicle is based on Patria's solid experience and testifies to our strong commitment to development work, which enables us to meet ever stricter customer requirements by investing in the development of cutting-edge products and providing support for the product's entire life span. Additional investments in our unique technological expertise will enable us to retain our key competitive advantage.

The current Patria AMV has been an excellent showcase for our expertise. We have signed agreements for the delivery of close to 1,400 vehicles to seven count-ries – an indisputable demonstration of our product’s competitiveness. The Polish Land Forces, for example, have been highly satisfied with the functionality of Patria

AMV vehicles on missions such as peace-keeping duties in Afghanistan. These vehicles were exported to and assembled in Poland under the name of Rosomak. We have signed a new production licence agreement with Poland, which will ensure the continuity of our excellent partnership, begun in 2003, for years into the future. In November, we signed a major contract for the delivery of Patria AMV vehicles to the South African Army. This delivery pro-gramme will include 238 vehicles, five of which have already been delivered. Sixteen of these vehicles will be manufactured in Hämeenlinna, while local manufacturer Denel will produce the rest in South Africa. Patria will deliver the equipment packages for all of these vehicles.

A significant milestone in the field of aviation was reached when Patria and NH Industries signed an agreement for a Nordic NH90 maintenance centre. This agreement will place us in the role of offi-cial NH90 maintenance centre in Finland, Sweden and Norway, within the framework of certain agreed functions. The agreement further consolidates our unique expertise and know-how in the field of helicopter support and repair technology, and pro-vides us with a fantastic opportunity to expand our services to cover all Nordic NH90 users.

As a whole, our operations have been stable and proceeded according to plan in 2013. The growth of turnover predicted in the summer has continued since then. This creates a good foundation for the new business year, which should nevertheless be approached with cautious realism. Many of our projects are in their final stages and next year’s national budget will see heavy cuts in the defence appropriations alloca-ted to our domestic customer.

Heikki Allonen, President and CEO

New winds blowing through the vehicle market

The new wheeled vehicle concept will complement the Group's product selection excellently.

Photo Arto Wiikari

Matti Remes Photos Pentti Hokkanen

8 Patria

PATRIA'S NEW ARMOURED VEHICLE CONCEPT will take performance to a new level. A key

advantage of the new vehicle lies in its improved load-carrying capacity.

>

A new era for the armoured vehicle

Case # 1 >

8 Patria

9

atria introduced its new armoured vehicle concept at this year's DSEI 2013 exhibition in London, one of the world's largest in-ternational defence and security events.

The Finnish company's stand was con-tinuously crowded with visitors fascinated by this new product.

“The event was a huge success. The vehicle's capabi-lities were demonstrated thoroughly at the launch and we received great feedback. The timing could not have been better for this new vehicle concept,” says Markku Bollmann, Executive Vice President, Marketing & Sales at Patria's Land Systems Business Unit.

The huge interest shown in the new vehicle is due to its features. Based on its extensive experience in vehicle production, Patria`s new vehicle concept will raise per-formance to a new level and meet the future needs of customers better than ever.

“One of the vehicle's key competitive advantages is its good payload to weight ratio,” states Kari Grön, Vice President, vehicles product line at Patria Land Systems.

The new armoured vehicle concept has a similar layout to the Patria AMV. However, development began from a clean sheet rather than improving on what had gone before.

THE NEW VEHICLE CONCEPT'S capabilities were demonstrated thoroughly at the launch and we received great feedback, said Patria Land Systems Executive Vice President, Marketing & Sales, Markku Bollmann (at left).

P

10 Patria

According to him, this enables the vehicle to be equipped with better mine and ballistic protection, as well as heavier weapons systems. However, the vehicle's total weight remains moderate, enabling good all-terrain mobility.

RESULT OF TWO YEARS' DEVELOPMENT

The launch event was preceded by an intensive two-year product development phase, during which the new armoured vehicle concept took shape.

“The new vehicle has a similar layout to Pat-ria AMV. However, we began development from a clean sheet rather than improving on what had gone before. Many of the solutions used are nevertheless similar to tried and tested ones,” comments Project Manager Toni Töyrylä, who is responsible for the new vehicle concept's pro-duct development.

Development of the new product was based on future customer needs and the features re-quired to meet them. Performance targets for the vehicle as a whole and for each individual structure were drawn up on this basis.

“We then began reviewing the various sec-tions of the vehicle and investigating alterna-tive ways of achieving our objectives. Options were also explored in cooperation with material and component manufacturers,” he continues.

According to Töyrylä, product development in practice consists of a lot of ordinary hard work and cooperation within Patria and with external suppliers.

“Technological solutions need to take ac-count of maintenance and repair issues, for example. These things matter, since they af-fect the vehicle's ease of use and maintenance costs.”

LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY INCREASED BY ONE-THIRD

During development, particular attention was paid to the new vehicle's load-carrying capa-city. The new concept is capable of carrying a 13-tonne payload, nearly one-third more than the current AMV.

Ilkka Pitkänen, the director responsible for market analysis in the Patria Land Systems Bu-siness Unit, states that additional load-carrying capacity is an important consideration for cus-tomers. Pitkänen is well acquainted with the needs of vehicle users, since he worked for 30 years in the Finnish Defence Forces before joi-ning Patria.

“In addition to the level of protection, the load carried by the vehicle is increased by new-ly integrated weapons and communications systems. The troops being transported will also carry more personal protective equipment and devices than before,” Pitkänen points out.

The achieved increase in payload has requi-red development work on several fronts.

In the vehicle's chassis, for example, the suspension and brakes have been improved.

One of the vehicle's key competitive advantages is its good load-carrying capacity to weight ratio.

VISITORS WERE FASCINATED by this new product. CEO Heikki Allonen also took part in the exhibition.

Patria 11

Weight was shaved off by using new manufacturing technology and lighter materials, as well as by optimising the shapes of structures.

identified sections in need of reinforcement due to increased payload capacity.

We shaved weight off some structures by using new manufacturing technology and by optimising shapes. Some lighter materials are also used in the new vehicle, including new grades of steel developed by manufacturers,” says Töyrylä.

“Because price competition is stiff in the wheeled vehicle market, large-scale use of rare and expensive materials is not an option. New materials were nevertheless used for certain smaller details,” he continues.

The final payload capacity of the new vehicle concept will be revealed during the testing stage.

“The vehicle has a minimum load-carrying capacity of 13 tonnes. During the testing stage, we will review certain structural matters and investigate whether some of the base vehicle's structures could be further lightened. This would enable us to increase the payload yet again,” says Töyrylä in conclusion.

THE PRODUCT CONFORMS TO THE CUSTOMER'S NEEDS

Every customer has its own requirements with regard to weapons and communications sys-tems to be mounted on the vehicle, as well as equipment required by the transported troops. The new vehicle has therefore been designed to be easily and affordably customised.

“In addition to the product's technical cha-racteristics, flexibility is required in Patria's operating methods.

Our competitive advantage lies in being more agile and customer-oriented than our larger ri-vals,” comments Kari Grön.

The body of the new vehicle is designed for maximum ease of modification. For example, space has been reserved for raising the level

Engine power was increased to 450 kilowatts in order to guarantee good mobility. The vehicle's mobility and ease of use were further improved by the new integrated control system for all-terrain driving. Using this system, the driver needs only to select the driving conditions, and the vehicle's power unit and chassis will auto-matically adapt to the condition.

WEIGHT OPTIMISATION

According to Töyrylä, the product development team can take particular pride in the fact that the vehicle's increased load-bearing capacity is not reflected in its weight. This was achieved through various solutions that save kilos in the base vehicle.

“In this regard, we had to make use of the full extent of Patria's expertise. We went through the vehicle's structures and parts with precision and made use of various simulations, measure-ments and analyses.

This enabled the product development team to identify places where the amount of material could be optimized. On the other hand, we also

12 Patria

The new vehicle has been designed to be easily and affordably customised.

of protection required by the customer, without modifying the base vehicle.

The new vehicle has more interior space. The interior has also been designed to allow the modification and flexible placement of equipment.

According to Ilkka Pitkänen, customers demand a functional interior and features such as good seat ergonomics.

“This is an important consideration, since transported troops need to retain their ability to function in order to fulfil their mis-sion as well as possible.

In recent years, international operations in particular have high-lighted new requirements. For example, flak vests and shoulder guards enlarge the profile of soldiers moving and keeping a lookout through hatches,” he states.

“The dimensions and shapes of hatches have been reviewed to enable maximum ease of access, and the main interior space has been slightly enlarged. We also moved the benches a little further apart, which gives the crew more elbow room,” adds Töyrylä, describing the modifications.

PATRIA AMV WILL ALSO BE UPDATED

After the launch of the new vehicle concept, it will enter a stage of intensive testing in every aspect. Kari Grön points out that the development of the new vehicle concept will also benefit Patria AMV, since it will allow the introduction of specially developed new features.

“Patria AMV will be updated to meet the changing requirements of our customers.

For the last decade, Patria AMV has been the market leader in modern armoured 8x8 wheeled vehicles. Patria has signed cont-racts for the delivery of nearly 1,400 vehicles to seven countries,” Grön states.

“Patria AMV is currently the undisputed market leader and will be part of our offering for a long time to come,” Markku Bollmann concludes.

THE NEW VEHICLE has more interior space. The interior has also been designed to allow the modification and flexible placement of equipment.

Patria 13

Situation > Petteri Pohjonen Illustration Linda Halenius

Lieutenant Colonel Harri Suni is currently serving as a national C3 and Cyber Defence Representative in Brussels at Mission of Finland to NATO and also at Permanent Representation of Finland to the European Union. In 2011-2013 Lieutenant Colonel Suni was a member of the secretariat responsible for the preparation of Finnish national Cyber Security Strategy.

Cyber attacks represent a serious threat to today’s networked society. No country can afford to retreat into its shell – cooperation with other countries and various organisations is required in order to respond to modern threats to security. In its national Cyber Security Strategy, Finland has set itself the objective of becoming a global forerunner in the field by 2016.

In the cyber domain, however, this will be impossible to achieve without cooperation. Finland's natural partners in this respect are the European Union and, through the Partnership for Peace,

NATO. Discussion on preparation for new security threats began in NATO and worldwide following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001. Despite this, NATO experienced its final wake-up call only in 2007, when NATO-nation Estonia became the target of large scale cyber attack on a broad front, coinciding with riots in the country over the removal of the controversial monument. The targets of the attack included banks, data communications networks and media, putting the national security of Estonia at risk.

“Following the incident, NATO drew up a data network defence concept in 2008, specifying the requirements for cooperation bet-ween member states. The NATO Summit of 2010 approved a strategic concept for data network defence, which made cyber security one of the focus areas of the alliance,” says Lieutenant Colonel Harri Suni.

Suni does not consider the cyber terrorism threat to Finland as significant as organized cyber espionage which has hit the headlines also in Finland. However, we do have plenty of critical infrastruc-ture that could be attacked in an attempt to pressurise the Finnish government. We need to ensure that the authorities are better prepa-

Cyber Security does not respect national borders

red to meet such a threat in the future, Suni reminds us.

Critical infrastructure refers to structures and functions necessary to ensuring that so-ciety continues to function. These include energy-production facilities and energy net-works; communications and information technology; the financial sector; health care; food supply chain; water supply; transport and logistics; the production chains, storage and transport of hazardous materials and the functionality of the public sector.

“It is often said that, in the cyber domain, one person can cause a great deal of destruc-tion. However, it is not quite that simple. Some years ago, a precision targeted cyber attack was made against an Iranian nuclear plant. A memory stick containing malicio-us worm (Stuxnet) was connected to the facility's closed network, causing widespread destruction. It is well believed that the deve-

DISCUSSION ON PREPARATION for new security threats began in NATO and worldwide following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001.

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FINLAND'S CYBER SECURITY STRATEGY• Finland'sSecurityStrategyforSociety

(2010)defineshowthevitalfunctionsofFinnishsocietyaresecured.FormingpartoftheimplementationoftheSecu-rityStrategyforSociety,

• thestrategystipulatesthatFinlandmustbecapableofmanagingdeliberateorinadvertentdisturbancesinthecyberdomain,aswellasrespondingtoandrecoveringfromthem.

lopment was of this malicious software took years and cost millions of dollars.

"A sophisticated large scale cyber attack always requires money, time and resources," Suni reminds us.

TOP OF THE WORLD

International cooperation brings indis-putable benefits to Finland, but what can we offer our partners? Our companies and corporations have invested in information technology and we still have one of the world’s leading electronics industries. Much research and development in the field of cyber security is also performed in Finland. However, there is one field in which Finland truly excels.

“Finland is in a league of its own in terms of overall security of society. The Finnish authorities and private sector work in close cooperation. Cyber security and cyber de-

Many countries and organisations are

studying how things are done in Finland.

ESTONIA BECAME target of a cyber attack on a broad front, coinciding with riots in the country over the removal of the controversial Bronze Soldier monument.

fence cannot and should not be separated. Finland does not divide such tasks between soldiers and civilians; rather, everything is done together. Many countries and organi-sations are studying how things are done in Finland,” says Suni.

International cooperation offers new bu-siness opportunities for the Finnish defence materiel, IT and electronics industries. Cyber security projects worth hundreds of millions of euros are launched in NATO each year.

"Although we are not NATO members, we do have an excellent opportunity as a Partner with Nato to showcase our expertise. I do strongly believe that in the current economic situation no enterprise will turn down any opportunity to use all possibilities and pur-chasing mechanisms to sell its products and expertise to a wide range of countries and customers," Harri Suni concludes.

CYBER: The word is usually associated with the processing of information in electronic format: information technology, electronic communi-cations (data transfer), and information and computer systems.Source: Finland's Cyber Security Strategy

AN IRANIAN NUCLEAR PLANT was the target of a precision cyber attack some years ago. A memory stick containing the Stuxnet worm was connected to the facility's closed network, causing widespread destruction.

Case # 2 >Heini Santos Photos Pentti Hokkanen, Christian Lövgren/Swedish Armed Forces and Jani Mahkonen

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IN MARCH 2013, PATRIA HANDED OVER THE FIRST AMV armoured vehicles to the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration

(FMV). Lena Erixon, Director General of the Swedish Defence Mate-riel Administration (FMV), at the handover of the AMVs

in Hämeenlinna, Finland.

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According to a contract signed on 2010, Patria delivers 113 AMV-based Pansarterrängbil 360 vehicles to the

Swedish Defence Material Administration (FMV). The first vehicles were delivered in March of this year, and currently the transfer of information and knowledge

is taking place.

Customer's AMV Guide

Major Jonas Nilsson from regiment P7 of the Swedish Armed Forces poses on top of the Pansarterrängbil 360 on a chilly autumn day. He is visiting Hä-meenlinna, Finland, to coordinate de-

livery and training matters related to the new vehicle.This September, the first internal course kicked off

at the Swedish Armed Forces in order for the Swedish instructors previously trained by Patria to now train others within their organization. The next bigger step will take place in January when the entire battalion is scheduled for training.

Compared to its predecessors the Pansarterrängbil 360 features many new qualities, such as rear-axle steering, hydropneumatic suspension, new computer-based control and command systems, and improved dashboard layout.

"Driving comfort is much better and we can really take advantage of the speed that the vehicle is capable of. The previous vehicle was delivered in the 1980s, so in terms of technology we are now on a totally different level. While fixing the vehicles used to be about ham-mers and screwdrivers, now we also need computers," says Nilsson who is a project coordinator of the P7.

CHALLENGES TO WIN

Although there is a lot to learn about the new vehicle, Nilsson is not very concerned about that. What has been challenging is the 1,5-year delay caused by the buying process.

"Like in Finland, the Swedish Armed Forces are going through a big change. Our Regiment used to train mechanized battalions. Now we also train a motorized infantry battalion. That is a big step that is not related to the vehicle but as a trans-formation it requires a lot more from us than adopting the new vehicle."

The Swedish Armed Forces operates differently now than it did three years ago at the time of purchase; for instance the number of units has been reduced drama-tically. Also, in 2010 the Swedish troops had just arrived in Afghanistan – now they are getting ready to depart. Despite the challenges caused by the changing ope-rational environment, the vehicle and its systems must be ready January 1st, 2015, when Sweden takes lead in the Nordic Battle Group.

"Normally when we buy something, we take the first four vehicles and go through full training with them before deciding how to continue with the rest. This time we had to skip all that and we are solely relying on previous experiences," Nilsson explains.

Nilsson finds it positive that the Swe-dish Armed Forces have a good amount of pull when it comes to the details of the

Nilsson finds it positive that the Swedish Armed Forces have a good amount of pull when it comes to the details of the Pansarterrängbil 360.

MAJOR JONAS NILSSON of the Swedish Armed Forces' P7 regiment

THE PHOTOGRAPHS IN THIS ARTICLE show Patria AMV in facilities belonging to

the swedish armed forces. in addition to the premises, the swedish have the tools and

attitude to get the job done.

18 Patria

Pansarterrängbil 360, and there is no need to hush up about it.

"It is a win-win situation. Of course we cannot ask for a bigger engine that what was defined in the cont-ract, but if one of us comes up with a better way to implement something, Patria can use it in their other products as well. And we ge what we want," he praises.

Nilsson describes the basic platform of Patria AMV as well designed, and he predicts a good future and broad demand for it, even by the larger countries.

SPONGE FOR INFORMATION

From the Swedish perspective, Patria’s strength as a training organization is their Scandinavian way of wor-king as well as steady quality.

"They are eager to train us and we see things in the same way. I like the level of coordination and the will

“If one of us comes up with a better way of implementing something, Patria is free to use it in its other products as well, and we get what we require,”says Nilsson, praising the cooperation.

Patria 19

to make things work. We are proud of our army and they are proud of their vehicle," he concludes.

"Our biggest problem right now is the lack of time and personnel. Of course we need training from Patria because we do not know the vehicle yet, but in the fu-ture as the units get smaller and fewer, I believe that it will be more and more important to be able to provide instructors along with the delivered system."

Instructor André Mare who has years of experience with previous versions of the vehicle admits that the tight schedule has at times challenged the instructors at Patria as well.

"We spend a very short time with the vehicles, yet we have to fully understand it in order to train others. Because of the good cooperation between us, designers and production mechanics, it is possible for us to integ-rate the required knowledge into the training. Luckily the mentality of the students has been great and it has made everything easier. They are willing to understand and then move on," he says.

Mare, who has trained people of many different na-tionalities before, also emphasizes the advantage of having a common Scandinavian consensus. In addition to good attitudes, the Swedes have up-to-date tools and facilities.

"The Swedes are like a sponge when it comes to in-formation; they want to know everything and beyond," he smiles.

Nilsson confirms Mare’s characterization by descri-bing features typical of Swedish technicians.

"Our technicians are very professional and they are born to fix almost everything themselves. They expect the training to give them detailed information on a deep level. Instead of just knowing how to find out if something is broken they want to know how it is bro-ken and how to read signals from the system. It is very typical of the Swedes."

The driving simulators that are part of the training package enable greater amounts of basic-level training as well as allow extra practice on learning the control buttons – known as knappologi in Swedish.

"The simulators enable us to practice malfunction situations, such as what to do if there is a fire in the right front tire. The importance of the simulations is higher in countries that do not have areas suitable for on-road and off-road training. In Sweden we have plen-ty. The vehicle is also very ecological and inexpensive to drive," Nilsson adds.

With regard to information, the Swedish are like a sponge. They want to know everything and more. Instead of learning how to find out whether something is broken, they want to know what is wrong with it and how to read the system's signals.

TESTING OF PATRIA AMV under way in Hämeenlinna before the vehicle's delivery to the Swedish Armed Forces.

20 Patria

SOON AFTER THE CONTRACT was finalized in 2010, planning for the trai-ning and preparing the training materials began at Patria. The actual courses in Sweden started in February 2013 by familiarizing the entire personnel with the new vehicle. Since then, both end users and maintenance staff have been trained separately, and by next spring the training will reach at least inspectors in the Swedish Armed Forces, storage staff and those who participate in diffe-rent specialty missions.

"We try to organize the training in the client’s facilities – that means we can use their custom equipped vehicles, and in a familiar facility the students can better focus on learning," says Esa Koivula who coordinates the training at Patria.

The students are mainly instructors from the Swedish Armed Forces who then will pass the knowledge along

within the organization, using course materials from Patria. The package also includes a computer application that enables users to do self-learning regarding the basics of using the vehicle. The four driving simulators delivered this autumn are a more unusual addition to the contract, although Koivula says that from now on they will be a standard part of these kinds of training packages.

The know-how of Patria instructors comes from versatile experience.

"The instructors’ background often consists of some combination of degrees in pedagogy or vehicle technology, and an army career. They are heavily involved in the prototype phase and they work together with product developers, lear-ning all the new tricks and technology related to that specific project," Koivula explains.

Managing the training palette

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A Classic >

22 Patria

Finnish Air Force and Petteri Pohjonen Photos Corbis and Finnish Air Force/Communications Centre

The equipment of a combat pilotThe first fighters took to the skies in the First World War. Since then, they have developed from wooden, open-cockpit biplanes to ultramodern aircraft. The pilot gears have naturally evolved with the platforms.

3. OXYGEN AND AIR PRESSURE REGULATOR

The oxygen and air pressure regulator controls pressure breathing through the pilot's mask depending on G forces and altitude.

1.-2. LIFE VEST (1.) AND COUNTER-PRESSURE VEST (2.)

The life vest and counter-pressure vest are integrated into a single piece of equipment. The air bladder of the life vest infla-tes automatically once the pilot hits the water and keeps him or her face up. The counter-pressure vest provides counter-pressure for pressure breathing (prevents the lungs from rup-turing). Pressure breathing is intended to raise blood pressure, which facilitates blood flow to the brain under G forces.

4. EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER

This is a miniature radio transmitter. After ejection, the pilot turns on the transmitter which will transmit the pilot's perso-nal ID and GPS coordinates, both encrypted. A satellite receives the transmission and relays it via the Maritime Rescue Centres to the Air Force and the rescue teams.

6. ANTI-G TROUSERS

The anti-G trousers feature five bladders that are infla-ted with pressurised air. These are two calf bladders, two thigh bladders and one bladder over the abdomen. The trousers weigh 6-10 kg.

7. ANTI-G HOSE

The anti-G hose conveys pressurised air into the bladders of the anti-G trousers to compress the pilot’s legs and abdominal area, which prevents blood from packing in the lower part of the body and increases resistance to peripheral blood circulation. The abdominal bladder lifts the diaphragm and thereby heart, reducing the vertical distance between heart and brain and improving blood circulation in the brain. The application of pressure begins at 8.6 kPa when acceleration reaches 2 Gs, and can conti-nue until the pressure of 69 kPa is attained.

8. 2 X LEG RESTRAINTS

The Hornet uses a Martin-Baker 0-0 ejection seat usable at zero altitude and zero speed. The leg restraints keep the pilot's legs pulled against the seat during ejection, reducing the risk of injury.5. HELMET MOUNTED CUEING SYSTEM

A US-made Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing System (JHMCS) is integrated to the pilot’s helmet. The pilot can use the JHMCS to cue the aircraft's missiles or radar into the desired direction without altering the aircraft’s trajectory. The cueing system also displays flight parametres and weapons system data on the visor. The helmet with the JHMCS weighs 1,752 g.

FIRST WORLD WAR pilotspilots had no inkling of counter-pressure vests or anti-G trousers.

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23Other updatesAn emergency locator transmitter (ELT) has been added to the pilot gear in the recent years. The current international trend is to use the 243 MHz frequency, and all transmitters will eventually switch to the 406 MHz frequency. The modernised ELT is compliant with future standards. Emergency flares have been removed from pilot equipment and replaced by a beacon that can emit both infra-red and visible light.

Opinion >Matti Santtila Photos Pekka Nieminen, Matti Immonen and Keijo Suomalainen

These clubs offer invaluable posi-tive experiences to young people during their military service. And since most conscripts count

leisure time activities as part of their military service experience, the benefits will also be reaped by the Finnish Defence Forces.

Although Finnish conscripts are generally in good physical condition, as many as a quarter of young men entering military service are not physically fit, and this figure is growing. Muscular endurance tests and the Cooper test, which rates a person as unfit if he or she cannot run 2,200 metres in 12 minutes, are used to measure the physical condi-tion of conscripts. From the beginning of the 1980s to 2000, the national average

result for conscripts fell by 350 metres and has remained at 2,450 metres since then. During military service, this result improves by 200 metres on average and muscular endurance increases from satisfactory to good. Although the average weight of conscripts does not change during military service, studies have shown that fat is converted into muscle.

From the perspective of military service, being unfit increases the risk of interrupting the conscription period and sustaining musculoskeletal injuries, since enormous amounts of physical activity are involved. According to our calculations, the amount of physical activity performed by a physically unfit

A great exercise project

Matti SanttilaLieutenant Colonel, PhD

Chief of Physical Training and Sport, Finnish Defence Forces

“I think that the concept of conscript exercise clubs could be applied elsewhere in society too. At upper secondary school, for example, voluntary club activities could replace some mandatory physical education classes. In working life, small monetary incentives could even be used to encourage such activities.”

Letter from a conscript who discove-red exercise during military service, Ruotuväki magazine 16/2013

The Get Moving project, organised by the Finnish Military Sport Federation and supported by Patria, has encouraged sports club activities among conscripts over the last three years.

"Instead of whipping conscripts into shape it is more important to focus on changing attitudes so that conscripts will continue exercising after being discharged."

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”It has been fantastic to witness how companies are willing to invest in promoting the well-being of young people. This represents a common effort by mothers and fathers, the military and municipalities, none of whom can solve the problem single-handedly.”

and sedentary young person during basic training corresponds to the training regime of a professional cyclist, even if the inten-sity is much lower. The change from civilian life is massive for a young person unused to exercise, but precisely these persons gain the most health benefits from military service.

Compulsory military service is short in duration, and the task of the Finnish Defence Forces is to produce good reser-vists. For this reason, instead of whipping conscripts into shape it is more important to focus on changing attitudes so that conscripts will continue exercising after being discharged. As a by-product, this would also lead to improvements in natio-nal health.

The Get Moving project has achieved its objectives: exercise clubs have sprung up at every unit training conscripts, and these clubs offer more high-quality and a wider range of activities than before. This is indicated by the rise in positive feedback received on exercise in the final survey completed by conscripts upon their discharge. A long-term study shows that the most recently discharged class of conscripts gave the best feedback to date. These results should interest every unit commander, since the credibility and future

of the entire conscription system largely rests on how conscripts experience their service and on the feedback they give. The gre-atest challenge for the project has been ensuring uniform quality since, between units, exercise clubs vary in quality from excellent to satisfactory. Another challenge lies in the lack of time available for instructors and personnel.

Patria has made a significant contribution to the project. It has been fantastic to witness how companies are willing to invest in promoting the well-being of young people. This represents a com-mon effort by mothers and fathers, the military and municipalities, none of whom can solve the problem single-handedly. The last three years have seen a concrete change in the most important area: attitudes.

I sincerely hope that this project will continue. Future objectives could include boosting quality by enhancing the training of consc-ript club instructors, improving the contents of exercise program-mes and developing new services that interest young people.

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In Brief >Photos Christian Lövgren and Patria

Patria and NH Industries (NHI) have signed a NH90 Service Center Agreement enhancing their co-operation in the helicopter life-cycle support services for the Nordic customers. Through this

agreement, Patria gets an official status to act as NHI authorized Nordic NH90 Service Center in Finland, Sweden and Norway in the agreed pe-rimeter of activities.

The Nordic NH90 Service Center status gives Patria an authorization to deliver most of NH90 spare parts for Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian customers. In addition, according to the agreement, Patria has an op-portunity to be a logistic platform provider and to provide Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO) services for Nordic customers in cooperation with NHI utilizing Patria’s capabilities and competencies.

“This agreement further strengthens the unique skills and compe-tencies of Patria in helicopter support and repair technologies as well as represents a great opportunity to expand the utilization of Patria’s existing NH90 capabilities in providing services locally towards the NH90 users in the Nordic countries. This clearly strengthens our position as the leading helicopter LCS provider in the region," states Lassi Matikainen, President of Patria Aviation.

Patria nominated as Nordic NH90 Service Center by NH Industries

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T he Finland Chamber of Commerce is coordinating a female mana-gers' apprenticeship challenge campaign (Oppisopimushaaste.fi), an outcome of a mentoring project for female managers. Its ob-

jective is to gain visibility for apprenticeship training and increase the significance of apprenticeships as a path to the world of work.

Apprenticeships provide companies with learning employees whe-re they are needed. Patria is involved in the campaign and has been taking on apprentices for several years.

Patria participates in apprenticeship challenge campaign

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Patria and Insta DefSec agreed on a business transaction where Insta DefSec’s waveform business in-

cluding five persons were transferred to Patria.

Patria and Insta have a long history of co-operation in the area of data links. Waveform development is one of the key elements in this area. The transac-tion aims to strengthen and improve the competitiveness of the Finnish data link expertise by combining the complemen-ting capabilities of Patria and Insta into

a single entity. The transaction has no other effects on the companies.

Patria is actively involved in the in-ternational co-operation related to unmanned systems and foresees new opportunities for the MPNDL (Multi-Purpose Networking Data Link) sys-tem that completed its first unmanned flights in the summer of 2012. The tran-saction enhances Patria's possibilities to develop new business in the field of unmanned systems.

Patria acquires Insta DefSec’s waveform business

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The agreement signed in Novem-ber includes 238 vehicles, out of which 5 pre-series vehicles

have already been delivered during the development phase. The first 16 serial vehicles will be assembled by Patria in Finland, Hämeenlinna. Thereafter the assembly will be migrated to South Af-rica to Denel Land Systems.

These vehicles are specially de-signed and customized to meet the

unique requirements of operational deployment in the demanding African environment. The vehicle, known as Badger in South Africa, is a best-of-breed in its class and will contribute to the modernization of the South Af-rican National Defence Force (SANDF), providing its troops with effective pro-tection and mobility.

Denel and Patria to deliver AMV vehicles to South Africa

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Kaivokatu 10 A, FI-00100 Helsinki, Finland info@patria.fi