1877 to Present Flashcard Project 08

8/14/2019 1877 to Present Flashcard Project 08

1/51

QUESTIONS ANSWERS

1. What are the physical features andclimate of the Great Plains?

Flatlands that rise gradually

from east to west

Land eroded by wind and water

Low rainfall

Frequent dust storms

2. Before the Civil War, how did peopleview the Great Plains?

The area was considered a"treeless wasteland" - not a goodplace to settle.

3. How did perceptions of the GreatPlains change after the Civil War?

New technologies allowed peopleto see the Great Plains not as atreeless wasteland but as a vastarea to be settled.

1


2/51

4. What were some of the technologiesand inventions that allowed people to

settle in the Great Plains after the CivilWar?

Barbed wire

Steel plows

Dry farming

Sod houses

Beef cattle raising

Wheat farming

Windmills

Railroads

5. What are three industries thatemerged after the Civil War inspecialized manufacturing areas?

New England textile industry

Detroit automobile industry

Pittsburgh steel industry

Chicago meat packing

6. New manufacturing and industrialareas emerged after the Civil War.Where was the textile industry

centered?

New England

7. What city emerged as the center ofthe automobile industry?

Detroit, Michigan

8. What city emerged as the center ofthe steel industry?

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

2


3/51

9. Name the 7 political regions of theU.S.

Northeast

Southeast

Midwest

Southwest

Rocky Mountain

Pacific

Noncontiguous

10. Name the 9 states of the Northeastregion.

MaineVermontConnecticut

Massachusetts

Rhode IslandNew YorkNew Jersey

Pennsylvania

New Hampshire

11. Name the 14 states of theSoutheast region.

MarylandDelawareWest VirginiaVirginiaKentuckyTennesseeNorth Carolina

South CarolinaGeorgiaFloridaAlabamaMississippiLouisianaArkansas

12. Name the 12 states of the Midwestregion.

OhioIndianaIllinoisMichiganWisconsinMinnesota

IowaMissouriKansasNebraskaSouth DakotaNorth Dakota

3


4/51

13. Name the 4 states of the Southwestregion.

TexasOklahoma

New MexicoArizona

14. Name the 6 states of the RockyMountain region.

ColoradoUtahNevada

MontanaWyomingIdaho

15. Name the 3 states of the Pacificregion.

Washington

OregonCalifornia

16. Name the 2 noncontiguous states.Alaska

Hawaii

17. A state is an example of a ______region. political

18. Name the states in which thesecities are located.

Boston

New York City

Boston, Massachusetts

New York, New York


Pittsburgh

Philadelphia

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

4


5/51


Atlanta

New Orleans

Atlanta, Georgia

New Orleans, Louisiana


Chicago

St. Louis

Chicago, Illinois

St. Louis, Missouri


Detroit

San Antonio

Detroit, Michigan

San Antonio, Texas


Santa Fe

Denver

Santa Fe, New Mexico

Denver, Colorado

24. Name the states in which these

cities are located.

Salt Lake City

San Francisco

Salt Lake City, Utah

San Francisco, California


Los Angeles

Seattle

Los Angeles, California

Seattle, Washington


Juneau

Honolulu

Juneau, Alaska

Honolulu, Hawaii

5


6/51

27. What were some reasons for the

period of westward expansion after CivilWar?

The Homestead Act resulted in

opportunities for landownership.

The Transcontinental Railroad

The discovery of gold and silver

Adventure

A new beginning for former

slaves

28. What were some of the factorsleading to increased immigration afterthe Civil War?

hope for better opportunities

Adventure

religious freedom.

escape from oppressive

governments.

29. Why did cities grow rapidly after theCivil War?

Immigration from other countries

Movement of Americans from

rural to urban areas for jobopportunities

Specialized industries

developed in cities steel inPittsburgh, meat packing inChicago

6


7/51

30. What were some inventions thatcontributed to change and industrialgrowth in the late 1800s?

Lighting and mechanical uses of

electricity Thomas Edison

Expansion of telephone service

Alexander Graham Bell

31. What were some challenges facedby cities in the late 1800s and early1900s?

Overcrowded immigrant

neighborhoods and tenements

Political corruption

32. What were some of the effortsmade to solve immigration problems?

Settlement Houses, such as the

Hull House founded by JaneAddams

Political machines that gained

power by attending to the needsof new immigrants (jobs,housing)

33. How did political machines gainpower in the cities?

By helping immigrants with jobs,housing and other needs

7


8/51

34. Who is Jane Addams?The founder of Hull House, asettlement house that offered avariety of services to immigrants

35. By 1865, skirmishes betweenIndian and white settlers were frequent.The government tried to convinceIndians tribes to give up their land andrelocate onto -

reservations (land set aside forIndian communities)

36. In 1876, the federal governmentdecided to force the Sioux, led by CrazyHorse and Sitting Bull, back onto theirreservation. In this famous battle,Custer led his troops against more than2,000 Sioux Indians. He and all of hismen died.

the Battle of Little Bighorn

37. In 1877, when the federalgovernment sent troops into theWashington territory to force the NezPerc off their lands and into areservation, this Indian chief led 400,000 of his people toward Canada on along but unsuccessful escape.

Chief Joseph

38. During the 1880s, settlers on theWest Coast blamed declining wagesand economic problems on theseworkers.

Chinese workers

8


9/51

39. 1882, Congress passed the firstsignificant law restricting immigrationinto the United States. What was it?

Chinese Exclusion Act

40. This group of immigrants began toarrive in large numbers after their potatocrop failed in the 1840s. By 1860, theyhad largely replaced the New Englandmill girls as textile workers.

Irish immigrants

41. What were Jim Crow laws?

Laws that institutionalized a systemof legal segregation, creatingunequal opportunities for AfricanAmericans in housing, work,education, and government

42. What is racial segregation? Separation based on race

43. "Jim Crow" laws madediscrimination ___ in many states.

legal

9


10/51

44. Who was Booker T. Washingtonand how did he respond to the issue ofsegregation?

An African American leader who,believing that African Americans

would achieve equality in timethrough education, was willing toput up temporarily with socialsegregation.

45. Who was W.E.B. Du Bois, and howdid he respond to the issue ofsegregation and discrimination?

An African American leader whowanted immediate political, civil andsocial equality for AfricanAmericans at any cost

46. How did Booker T. Washington andW.E.B. Du Bois differ in their responsesto discrimination?

Washington was willing to acceptsome degree of segregation whileAfrican Americans slowly achievedequal treatment through education.Du Bois, on the other hand,demanded immediate equality for

African Americans.

10


11/51

47. Between the Civil War and WorldWar I, the U.S. was transformed froma(n) _____ to a(n) ______ nation.

agricultural --- industrial

48. What created the rise in bigbusiness in the late 1800s?

National markets created by

transportation advances

Captains of industry like

Rockefeller (oil) Carnegie(steel), and Ford (cars)

Advertising

Lower-cost production

49. What caused industrialization in the

late 1800s?

Access to raw materials and

energy

Availability of a large work force

Inventions

Financial resources

50. What are some examples of "bigbusiness" that emerged after the Civil

War?

Railroads, Oil, Steel

51. Who was the oil "captain ofindustry"? John D. Rockefeller

11


12/51

52. Who emerged as the captain of thesteel industry?

Andrew Carnegie

53. Who emerged as the captain of theauto industry?

Henry Ford

54. How did farm life change after theCivil War?

Mechanization (e.g., the reaper)

reduced farm labor needs andincreased production.

Industrialization provided

access to consumer goods bymail order

55. Industrial development in the citiesincreased the need for __________.

labor

56. How did changes in farm life fuelindustrialization?

Mechanization meant fewerworkers were needed on the farms,so labor was freed up for the cities.

12


13/51

57. What effect did mechanization(e.g., the reaper) have on the farms?

Mechanization increasedproductivity and reduced laborneeds. Farm laborers left for the

cities to work in industry.

58. What were some of the negativeeffects of industrialization?

Child labor

Low wages and long hours

Unsafe working conditions

59. What were some of the workplacereforms brought about by theProgressive Movement?

Improved safety conditions

Reduced work hours

Restrictions on child labor

60. What did Progressive reformerswant?

Reformers wanted laws to protectworkers and poor people, to reformgovernment, and to regulatebusiness.

13


14/51

61. What did the women's suffragemovement want?

voting rights for women

increased educational

opportunities for women

62. The negative effects ofindustrialization led to:

the rise of organized labor

progressive movement and

workplace reforms

63. This union pushed for higherwages, shorter hours and better workingconditions. It was stronger in the skilled

trades than the factories, and preferredto bargain rather than to strike.

The AFL - American Federation of

Labor

64. In 1892, 13 men were killed in abattle between striking steelworkers andstrikebreakers at Carnegie's steel plantin Pittsburgh. This strike is known asthe -

Homestead Strike

14


15/51

65. What was an important result of theHomestead Strike?

Americans turned against unionsand organized labor, whom theyblamed for the violence.

66. Which Constitutional Amendmentfinally gave women the right to vote?When was it adopted?

The 19th amendment, adopted in1920, gave women the right to vote.

67. What did Susan B. Anthony do? She worked for women's suffrage.

68. What was the movement againstalcohol consumption and production?

The Temperance Movement

69. What was the 18th amendment?It prohibited the manufacture, sale,and transport of alcoholicbeverages.

15


16/51

70. In what year did the SpanishAmerican War take place?

1898

71. Where did the fighting take placeduring the Spanish American War?

Mostly Cuba and the Philippines

72. The United States emerged as a_____________ as a result of victoryover Spain in the Spanish AmericanWar.

world power

73. The Spanish American War startedwhen Cuban nationalists revoltedagainst the ruling Spanish government.Whom did the U.S. support?

Cuban nationalists

74. Reporters covering the SpanishAmerican War exaggerated Spanishatrocities in order to sell newspapers.This became known as -

yellow journalism

16


17/51

75. What were some of the reasons forthe Spanish American War?

Protection of American business

interests in Cuba

American support of Cuban

rebels to gain independencefrom Spain

Tensions resulting from the

sinking of the U.S.S. Maine inHavana Harbor

Exaggerated news reports of

events (Yellow Journalism)

76. What was important about the U.S.battleship Maine?

The U.S. blamed the Spanish forsinking the Maine, and used it asan excuse to declare war on Spain.

77. What possessions did the U.S. gainas a result of the Spanish AmericanWar?

Philippines

Guam

Puerto Rico

78. What was the outcome of theSpanish American War for Cuba?

Cuba gained independence fromSpain.

17


18/51

79. What was the Spanish AmericanWar all about?

In 1898, Cuban rebels wantedindependence from Spain and theU.S. supported them.

80. When and why was the term YellowJournalism first used

During the Spanish American Warto describe sensational reporting onthe war.

81. What happened in 1914? World War I broke out in Europe

82. What was the U.S. response whenwar broke out in Europe in 1914?

Americans did not want to becomeinvolved in European conflicts, anddid not enter the war until 3 yearslater.

83. The U.S. policy before World War Iof avoiding involvement in world affairsis called - .

Isolationist

18


19/51

84. Why did the US finally enter the warin Europe in 1917?

Inability to remain neutral

German submarine warfare

sinking of Lusitania

U.S. economic and political ties

to Great Britain

85. What was the significance of theLusitania?

A ship carrying Americanpassengers that was sunk by aGerman sub during World War I.This and other incidents of Germansub warfare prompted the U.S. toenter the war in Europe.

86. Who were the World War I Allies?

Great Britain

France

Russia

Serbia

Belgium

U.S.

87. The countries fighting the Alliesduring World War I were called:

Central Powers

19


20/51

88. Who were the Central Powers?

Germany

Austria-Hungary

Bulgaria

The Ottoman Empire (Turkey)

89. In what year did World War I breakout? In what year did the U.S. enter thefighting in World War I?

World War I broke out in 1914. TheUS entered the war in 1917.

90. What did President WoodrowWilson propose after WWI?

A peace plan that called for theformation of the League of Nations,a peacekeeping organization

91. What was the League of Nations?A peacekeeping organizationproposed by Woodrow Wilson, thatthe U.S. never joined

92. Why did Woodrow Wilson proposethe League of Nations?

To help prevent further wars

20


21/51

93. Why did the U.S. refuse to join theLeague of Nations?

Americans did not want the U.S.tangled in world affairs, preferringthe isolationist policy of the past

94. How was life in the early 20th

century different from 19th century life?

Technology extended into evenrural areas and to all aspects ofAmerican life.

95. What were some of thetechnologies that changed American lifein the early 20th century?

The affordable automobile

The invention of the airplane

The use of the assembly line

Communication changes-

availability of the telephone,radio and broadcast industry,and movies

Electrification labor saving

home products

21


22/51

96. How did the affordable automobilechange American life in the 20th

century?

Greater mobility

Creation of jobs

Growth of transportation-related

industries road construction,oil, steel, automobile

Movement to suburban areas

97. Who invented the airplane? The Wright brothers

98. Who made popular the use of themoving assembly line?

Henry Ford and the automobileindustry

99. How did communications change inthe early 20th century?

- Increased availability of thetelephone

- Development of the radio andbroadcast industry (Marconi andSarnoff)- Development of movies

100. How did electrification changeAmerican life?

Labor-saving products - the

washing machine, electric stove,water pumps

Electric lighting

Entertainment radio

22


23/51

101. Who had an important role in thedevelopment of the radio?

Guglielmo Marconi

102. Who had an important role in thedevelopment of the broadcast industry?

David Sarnoff

103. What was Prohibition?

Refers to a time when aconstitutional amendment made itillegal to manufacture, transportand sell alcoholic beverages.

104. What was a lesson we learnedfrom Prohibition?

It is difficult to legislate how peoplebehave. Speakeasies were createdas places for people to drink.Bootleggers smuggled illegalalcohol and promoted organizedcrime.

23


24/51

105. What were speakeasies?Places for people to drink alcoholicbeverages during the period ofProhibition

106. Who were bootleggers?Those who smuggled illegal alcoholand promoted organized crime.

107. What was the Great MigrationNorth?

African Americans left the Southwhere jobs were low-paying andscarce and migrated to northerncities.

108. Did African Americans who left theSouth during the Great Migrationmanage to escape discrimination andviolence?

No, they faced discrimination andviolence in the North as they had inthe South.

109. When was the HarlemRenaissance?

1920s and 1930s

24


25/51

110. What was the HarlemRenaissance?

African Americans in Harlemrevealed the freshness and varietyof African American culture through

their art, music and writing.

111. Who was a Harlem Renaissancepainter who chronicled through art theexperiences of the Great Migration

north?

Jacob Lawrence

112. Who was a Harlem Renaissancepoet who combined the experiences ofAfrican and American cultural roots?

Langston Hughes

113. Who were two HarlemRenaissance jazz composers?

Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong

25


26/51

114. Who was a Harlem Renaissanceblues singer?

Bessie Smith

115. Other artists of the 1920s and1930s included this artist, known forurban scenes and paintings of theSouthwest.

Georgia O'Keeffe

116. Who wrote novels about the JazzAge of the 1920s?

F. Scott Fitzgerald

117. Who wrote Grapes of Wrath, anovel about poor migrant worker duringthe 1930s?

John Steinbeck

118. Who were composers of the1920s and 1930s who wrote uniquelyAmerican music?

Aaron Copland and GeorgeGershwin

26


27/51

119. What was a primary cause of the

Great Depression?

People over speculated on stocks,using borrowed money that they

could not repay when stock pricescrashed.

120. The ___________ failed to

prevent the collapse of the bankingsystem which triggered the GreatDepression.

Federal Reserve

121. Another cause of the GreatDepression was the strangling ofinternational trade by -

high tariffs

122. Describe the impact of the GreatDepression on Americans?

One fourth of workers were

without jobs

Banks and businesses failed

People were hungry and

homeless

Farmers incomes fell

27


28/51

123. What was the New Deal?

President Franklin Roosevelt's planto use government programs tohelp the nation recover from the

Depression.

124. Name some of the features of theNew Deal.

Social Security

Federal work programs

Environmental improvement

programs

Farm assistance programs

Increased rights for labor

125. What were the conditions inEurope after World War I that led to therise of fascism and World War II?

Worldwide depression

High war debt owed by

Germany

High inflation

Massive unemployment.

28


29/51

126. What is fascism?A political philosophy in which totalpower is given to a dictator andindividual freedoms are denied.

127. Name three fascist dictators -

Adolf Hitler - Germany

Benito Mussolini Italy

Hideki Tojo - Japan

128. Americas foreign policy whenWWII broke out in Europe in 1939 wentfrom a __________________

Policy of neutrality and then to apolicy of isolationism

129. How did Americas foreign policyevolve as the conflict grew in Europe?

It evolved from a policy ofisolationism to indirect involvement(economic aid) to directinvolvement.

130. Which nations were known as theAllies?

The United States

Great Britain

Canada

The Soviet Union after it was

invaded by Germany.

29


30/51

131. Who were the Allied leaders?

The U.S. FDR and after he

died, Truman

Great Britain Winston

Churchill

Soviet Union Joseph Stalin

132. Which countries became knownas the Axis Powers?

Germany

Italy

Japan

133. When was the Japanese attack onPearl Harbor?

December 7, 1941

134. Who was the leader of GreatBritain during WWII?

Prime Minister Winston Churchill

135. What event caused the UnitedStates to declare war on Japan?

The bombing of Pearl Harbor onDec. 7 1941.

30


31/51

136. What happened after the U.S.declared war on Japan after thebombing of Pearl Harbor?

Germany declared war on theUnited States

137. On September 1, 1939, Hitlerinvaded _____. World War II hadbegun.

Poland

138. Soon after Hitler invaded Poland,____ troops moved into Eastern Poland.Poland was split in half by twooccupying countries- Germany and theSoviet Union.

Soviet

139. In June of 1940, German troopsmarched victoriously into what importantcity?

Paris, France

140. After the defeat of France, whichcountry stood in the way of Hitlers planto dominate Europe?

Great Britain

31


32/51

141. From August until October 1940,Germans bombed British cities,shipyards and industries. This wasknown as the -

the Battle of Britain

142. What was the outcome of theBattle of Britain?

Hitler could not defeat Great Britainand ended his air attacks.

143. Ignoring the pact he had madewith Stalin, in June 1941, Hitlerlaunched an attack on -

the Soviet Union

144. Before Pearl Harbor, how did theU.S, help Britain?

The United States gave Britain warsupplies and old naval warships inreturn for military bases in Bermudaand the Caribbean.

145. What was the turning point in thewar in the Pacific?

The Battle of Midway, June 1942.The U.S. was victorious overJapan.

32


33/51

146. What battle was the turning pointof the war in Eastern Europe?

The Battle of Stalingrad where theSoviet Union defeated Germany

147. Where did the American and Alliedtroops land to begin the liberation ofWestern Europe?

In Normandy, France

148. The United States was victoriousover Japan in the Battle of

___________. This victory was theturning point of the war in the Pacific.

Midway

149. The Soviet Union defeatedGermany at_______, marking theturning point of the war in EasternEurope.

Stalingrad

150. American and Allied troops landedin Normandy, France, on _____ to beginthe liberation of Western Europe.

June 6, 1944 known as D-Day

33


34/51

151. How did the US force Japan tosurrender and thus bring an end toWorld War II?

The United States dropped twoatomic bombs on Japan (Hiroshimaand Nagasaki) in 1945

152. Despite initial ______ success inboth Europe and the Pacific, the Alliespersevered and ultimately defeatedGermany and Japan.

Axis

153. Wiping out an entire group ofpeople is -

genocide

154. As many a six million Jews diedduring -

the Holocaust

155. Nazi troops crammed Jews intorailroad cars and took them to prisoncamps for civilians called -

concentration camps

34


35/51

156. What is anti-Semitism?Hatred of the Jews

157. What is Aryan supremacy?Hitler and the Nazis portrayed theGerman people as superior to allothers.

158. Whom did Hitler blame forGermanys problems?

the Jews

159. Jews in Germany werepersecuted from the time Hitler came topower through such means as:

Boycotts of Jewish stores

Threats

Segregation

160. In the early 1940s. the Nazisembarked on their final solution. Whatwas it?

to destroy the Jews

35


36/51

161. The Nazis built death campswhere they killed thousands of people aday in gas chambers. These werecalled:

concentration camps

162. Allied forces liberated the campsand freed the Jews that survived. Whendid this happen?

After V-E Day (Victory in EuropeDay) 1945

163. Why did American involvement inWWII bring an end to the Depression?

Factories and workers were neededto produce goods to win the war.

164. As millions of men joined the wareffort, who entered the labor force?

Women

165. Many women had not workedbefore WWII. An advertising campaignwhich encouraged women to takefactory jobs featured a character called-

Rosie the Riveter

36


37/51

166. American involvement in WorldWar II brought an end to -

the Great Depression

167. Americans at home supported thewar (WWII) by -

conserving and rationing resources

168. What impact did WWII have onrace relations in America?

The need for workers temporarilybroke down some racial barriers(e.g., hiring in defense plants)although discrimination againstAfrican Americans continued.

169. How were Japanese Americanstreated during WWII?

Some were treated with distrustand prejudice, and many wereforced into internment camps.

170. In what condition was most ofEurope after World War II?

in ruins

37


38/51

171. What parts of Europe did Sovietforces occupy after WWII?

Most of Eastern and CentralEurope and the eastern part ofGermany.

172. Why did the US feel it was in itsbest interest to rebuild Europe afterWWII?

To prevent political and economicinstability which could lead to thespread of communism.

173. What was the US plan to rebuildEurope called and what did it do?

The Marshall Plan it providedmassive financial aid to rebuildEuropean economies and preventthe spread of communism.

174. What happened to Germany after

WWII?

Germany was partitioned into Eastand West Germany. West Germanybecame democratic and resumedself-government after a few years

of American, British, and Frenchoccupation. East Germanyremained under the domination ofthe Soviet Union and did not adoptdemocratic institutions.

38


39/51

175. What happened to Japan afterWWII?

Following its defeat, Japan wasoccupied by American forces. Itsoon adopted a democratic form ofgovernment, resumed self-

government, and became a strongally of the United States.

176. When and why was the United

Nations established?

The United Nations was formednear the end of World War II tocreate a body for the nations of theworld to try to prevent future globalwars.

177. How did American involvement inWWII affect the role of women?

Thousands of American women

took jobs in defense plants duringthe war (e.g., Rosie the Riveter).

178. How did Americans at homesupport the war effort? By conserving and rationingresources

39


40/51

179. The Marshall Plan was intended toprevent the spread of -

communism

180. What happened to East Germanyafter WWII?

East Germany remained under thedomination of the Soviet Union anddid not adopt democraticinstitutions.

181. Near the end of WWII, what wasdone to try to prevent future worldwars?

The United Nations (U.N.) wasformed

182. In the U.S., the period followingWWII was one of economic -

growth and prosperity

183. How did WWII help bring theDepression to an end? Wartime production stimulated

Americas economy.

40


41/51

184. What contributed to the rapidgrowth of Americas economy afterWWII?

With rationing of consumer goodsover, business converted fromproduction of war materials toconsumer goods.

Americans purchased goods oncredit.

185. What happened to labor unionsafter WWII?

They merged and became morepowerful.

186. How did the more powerful laborunions that emerged after WWII helpworkers?

Workers gained new benefits andhigher salaries.

187. What changes occurred in the

American workforce after WWII?

The workforce shifted back to men,and most women returned to familyresponsibilities.

188. After WWII, women left theworkforce and returned to their families.Did they stay out of the workforce?

No, the next generation of womenre-entered the labor force in largenumbers.

41


42/51

189. The United States and the SovietUnion emerged from World War II as:

world powers or superpowers

190. What was the result of the state oftension which developed between thetwo superpowers the United Statesand the Soviet Union?

A rivalry over ideology and nationalsecurity which divided the worldinto two camps

191. The rivalry or state of tension thatdeveloped between the U.S. and theSoviet Union was called -

the Cold War

192. How were the U.S. and the SovietUnion ideologically different?

The United States was democraticand capitalist; the Soviet Union wasdictatorial and communist

193. The United States was ____ and____. In contrast, the Soviet Union was_____ and _____.

democratic, capitalistdictatorial, communist

42


43/51

194. Among the causes of the ColdWar were-

differing ideologies

the Soviet domination of East

Europe

U.S. policy of containment

NATO vs. Warsaw Pact military

rivalry

195. What is containment?The U.S. policy aimed at stoppingthe spread of communism

196. Our allies in Europe formed amilitary alliance called:

NATO North Atlantic TreatyOrganization

197. A military alliance of nationsdominated by the Soviet Union wascalled:

the Warsaw Pact

198. Since World War II, the UnitedStates has been directly involved invarious Cold War conflicts such as -

North/South Korea

Cuban Missile Crisis

Vietnam

43


44/51

199. Describe the Korean conflict.

South Korea and the United Statesresisted Chinese and North Koreanaggression. The conflict ended in astalemate.

200. Describe the Cuban Missile Crisis.

The Cuban Missile Crisis occurredwhen the Soviet Union tried toplace missiles in Cuba. The Sovietsremoved the missiles in responseto a U.S. blockade.

201. The United States intervened tostop the spread of _______ into SouthVietnam.

communism

202. According to the _____ Theory, ifthe U.S. did not intervene to prevent thespread of communism to SouthVietnam, communism would spreadthroughout countries of Asia like fallingdominoes.

Domino

203. How did Cold War tensions causedivisiveness at home?

Americans were divided overwhether the United States shouldbe involved militarily in Vietnam.

44


45/51

204. How did the war in Vietnam end?

The conflict ended in a cease-fireagreement in which U.S. troopswithdrew, but immediately afterSouth Vietnam fell to communist

forces.

205. The late 1980s, communism inEastern Europe began to -

collapse

206. What happened to the SovietUnion in the early 1990s?

The Soviet Union broke up intoindependent countries.

207. What event signal becamesymbolic of the collapse of communismin Eastern Europe?

the destruction of the Berlin Wall

208. What were some of the new

challenges faced by the U.S. after theCold War ended?

Role of U.S. military intervention

Environmental challengesGlobal issues including trade, jobs,diseases

45


46/51

209. Changes in society after WWIIincluded expanded educational andeconomic opportunities for -

military veterans, women andminorities

210. Some of the factors leading tochanges in US society after WWII were-

Strong economy

Greater investment in education

The Baby Boom,

Interstate highway system

Evolving role of women - Role ofEleanor Roosevelt in expandingrights

African Americans aspirations forequal opportunities

Changes in makeup ofimmigrants

211. One of the factors leading tochanges in US society after WWII was astrong US economy which was theresult of -

a healthy job market, increasedproductivity, increased demand forAmerican products

46


47/51

212. When and what was The BabyBoom?

After WWII, returning soldiersmarried and for the next decade orso, more babies than usual wereborn. A strong economy alsocontributed to the baby boom.

213. This presidents wife helped toexpand womens rights.

Eleanor Roosevelt

214. How did immigration change in theperiod after 1965?

more Hispanic Americans, AsianAmericans

215. What policies and programsexpanded educational and employmentopportunities for minorities?

The Civil Rights Movement resultedin legislation that ensuredconstitutional rights to all citizensregardless of race.

216. Women activists were inspired bythe achievements of the ____ ________ and took action to gain equality forthemselves, particularly in theworkplace.

Civil Rights Movement

47


48/51

217. After World War II, women soughtequality in the ______ .

workplace

218. What were some effects ofsegregation on American society?

Separate educational facilitiesand resources for white and AfricanAmerican students

Separate restrooms, drinkingfountains, restaurants

Social isolation of races

219. The Supreme Court decision inPlessy v. Ferguson allowed schools andother facilities that were -

Separate but equal

220. Which Supreme Court decisioncalled for the desegregation of schools?

Brown v. Board of Education

221. Who called for passive resistanceagainst segregated schools?

Martin Luther King, Jr.

48


49/51

222. Rosa Parks actions resulted inthe ____ bus boycott.

Montgomery

223. What does NAACP stand for?National Association for theAdvancement of Colored People

224. Which laws supported the strugglefor equality for African Americans?

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Voting Rights Act of 1965

225. How were women disadvantagedin the workplace?

Discrimination in hiring practices

against women

Lower wages for women than

for men doing the same job

226. This organization campaigned forwomens rights -

NOW National Organization forWomen

49


50/51

227. What actions were taken toimprove conditions for women?

Federal legislation to force

colleges to give women equalathletic opportunities

focus on equal opportunity

employment created a widerrange of options andopportunities

228. What gave educational, housing,and employment benefits to World WarII veterans?

G.I. Bill of Rights

229. Which president desegregated thearmed forces? Truman

230. ________________ led toincreased educational, economic, and

political opportunities for women andminorities.

Civil Rights legislation

50


51/51

231. Identify the industries thatbenefited the most from the newtechnologies of the second half of thetwentieth century. Include the following:

Airline industryJets

Auto industry and interstate

highway system

Entertainment and news

Exploration of space

Computer industry

Satellite telecommunications

Internet

232. What impact did the newtechnologies of the twentieth centuryhave on American life?

Increased travel

Greater access to information

Better and cheaper

communication

Better heating and air

conditioning

More widespread and even

distribution throughout thecountry of access tocommunication technologies

1877 to Present Flashcard Project 08

Documents

Transcript of 1877 to Present Flashcard Project 08