18. truong cong dat presentation
Transcript of 18. truong cong dat presentation
ASSESMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICE
OF USING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IN RATTAN
CRAFTSMEN AT THE TRADE VILLAGE, KIENXUONG
DISTRICT, THAIBINH PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Truong Cong Dat M.D., M.P.H
Faculty of Public Health
Thaibinh Medical University, Vietnam
August 30, 2010
Outline
1. Introduction
2. Research methodology
3. Research result
4. Conclusion
5. Recommendations and suggestions
1. What is the problem?
2 million people die from occupational accidents or work-
related diseases in the world.
270 million occupational accidents and 160 million cases of
occupational disease.
Hazardous substances cause the deaths of an estimated
440,000 workers.
Sources: International Labor Organization report 2008
In Vietnam, the rate of emission of SO2 is increasing
significantly:
- In 1990: 165.6 thousand metric tons
- In 2000 it reached 255.9 thousand metric tons
- Emission is mainly produced due to interrupted processes
(boiling, bleaching, dyeing, etc.) and equipment leakage, a
large amount of vapor and chemicals are emitted into the
air in the working environment.
- Gases emitted during production can have a very
significant impact on air quality and health (Vietnam country
profile 2006)
In Thuong Hien rattan handicraft village, 3.5 tons of powder
sulphur is used annually to bleach rattan materials.
• Rattan bleaching process is a labor high risk task with people’s health.
• The craftsmen in this study are working with the sulfur-bleaching
process, they have to:
• Contact with sulfur dioxide
• Face several work related to health problems
SO3 + H2O ↔ H2SO4
2SO2 + O2 ↔ 2SO3
3. Research question
What are knowledge, attitude and practice among rattan
craftsmen in Thuong Hien trade village, Kienxuong district,
Thaibinh province, Vietnam?
4. Research objectives
1. To find out the knowledge, attitude, and practice on using
personal protective equipment of rattan craftsmen in
Thuong Hien trade village, Kienxuong district, Thaibinh
province, Vietnam.
2. To confer the recommendations and guidelines for
decreasing occupational diseases.
Socio-demographic:- Sex- Age- Duration of working- Education level- Monthly family income- Time worker average
Knowledge of using personal protective equipment:- Health effect of sulfur dioxide- Type of personal protective equipment- The importance of using personal protective equipment
Practices:- Using face mask- Using gloves- Using glasses- Using clothing- Using hand and arm protection
Perception of using personal protective equipment:- Perceived susceptibility- Perceived severity- Perceived benefits- Perceived barriers
Independent variables Dependent variables
5. Conceptual framework
1. Research Design
Cross - sectional study
2. Study Population
Main workers in the family who are working with rattan
bleaching process in Thuong Hien trade village,
Kienxuong District, Thaibinh Province, Vietnam.
Figure: Map of study area
Study area
3. Sample size calculation
2
22/1 )1.(.
d
ppZn
n: Sample size
α: level of significant
Z1- α/2: reliability of coefficient based on level of significant
(With α = 0.05, Z1- α/2 = 1.96)
p: proportion of workers have KAP about using PPE (p=0. 5)
d: absolute precision required (d=0.05)
384)05.0(
)5.01)(5.0()96.1(2
2
n
With estimate 10% will not participate.
The sample size is 420 workers.
4. Sampling method
Systematic random sampling
……
k k k k k
i i+k i+2k i+3k i+(n-1)k
Total household working with rattan bleaching process: 938
n= sample size;
k= total household/n;
i = random number (1 to k)
n = 420
k = 2
i = 1
(1, 3, 5, . . ., 835, 837, 839)
5. Research instruments and measurements
Questionnaire consists of four parts:
Part A (socio-demographic)
Part B (Knowledge regarding using PPE)
Part C (Attitude regarding using PPE)
Part D (Practice on using PPE)
6. Data Collection
Subjects were interviewed by trained assistants to fill in
the questionnaire.
7. Data analysis
- Data entry and editing: Epi Data software.
- Statistical technique: SPSS software.
- The questionnaire was explained to rattan craftsmen before
interview.
- Rattan craftsmen may chose to stop the interview at any time
- The data was used for the research’s purpose only.
8. Ethical consideration
Rate of participation: 403/420 = 96%
59.8%40.2%
Male
Female
Figure 1 Distribution of the respondent by gender
14.1
30 30.8
18.1
7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
<= 30 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 > 60
<= 30
31 - 40
41 - 50
51 - 60
> 60
Figure 2 Distribution of the respondent by age group
Figure 3 Distribution of the respondent by education level
1.2
22.1
66.8
9.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
No sc
hool
Primary
Secon
dary
High sc
hool
No school
Primary
Secondary
High school
3.7%
18.1%
78.2%HighModerateLow
Figure 4 Distribution of knowledge levels on using PPE
4.2%26.8%
69.0% Positive
Neutral
Negative
Figure 5 Distribution of attitude levels towards using PPE
71.0%
29.0%
Yes
No
Figure 6 Respondents using only one kind of PPE
Type of PPEnumber(n=117)
percentage(%)
Respirator 117 100.00
Hand and arm protection 32 27.35
Eye protectors 13 11.11
Foot protection 3 2.56
Clothing 2 1.71
Table 1 Percentages of the respondents using each PPE of each individual type
71.2%
28.8%
Yes
No
Figure 7 Respondents had at least one kind of symptom during year 2008
Kind of symptom Number of respondent (278)
Percentage(%)
Cough 268 93.4
Wheezing 28 9.8
Shortness breath 51 17.8
Sore throat 150 52.3
Running nose or stuffy 66 23.0
Skin red 7 2.4
Skin itching 13 4.5
Eyes red 78 27.2
Eyes itching 18 6.3
Physical injury 20 7.0
Table 2 Distribution of respondents’ sickness during year 2008
- Prevalence of good knowledge and appropriate attitude was
low equal 3.7% and 4.2%.
- Prevalence of using respirator was 29.0 %.
- Among 71.2% participants had at least one symptom during
the year 2008: 93.4% had cough, 52.3% had sore throat,
27.2% had eyes red, and the remaining symptoms including
running nose or stuffy, shortness breath, and wheezing.
- Develop intervention tools for enhancing the suitable practice
of PPE using and improve the quality of protective devices.
- All the workers need to be trained in the use of personal
protective devices.
- Educational programs should be organized for improving
knowledge about harmful effects of SO2 and it should focus
mainly on increasing the awareness of the people of the
importance of using PPE at work.