15 L6 Floors
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Transcript of 15 L6 Floors
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1architectural construction oneWeek 6 Lecture 6 2015
FLOORSStaging Experiences
Floor systems are the horizontal planes that must support both the dead and live loads.
Floor systems must transfer their loads yhorizontally to either beams and columns or loadbearing walls or beams and hangers.
Floor system will consists of the following:
Plane Horizontal supports Finishes, Insulation, Damp Proofing
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2JacobsenLe Corbusier
EamesAarnioKelsyus
Concepts of Floor Support System
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3Century TowerFoster & Partners
Functions of floor slab
Transmit loadings
Diaphragm resisting lateral force
Horizontal fire compartments
Sound insulation against airborne noise & footsteps
I l ti Insulation
Damp proofing
Others..
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4Lecture outline
Basic Floor Systems
Types of Floor ConstructionTimber, Steel, Concrete
Rethinking the Floor
Types of Floor Support System
Solid Floor Suspended Floor
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5Hardcore Sand Blinding Laying of DPM
Insulation (Temperate) Cast Concrete Slab
Construction of a Solid Ground Slab
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6Bitumen based Damp Proof Membrane
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9High density polyethylene membrane as protective layer over waterproofing
C t d E th FlCompacted Earth Floor
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Emergency Shelters, Bhuj, IndiaShigeru Ban
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Sarimbun Scout CampAkitek Tenggara
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Suspended Timber FloorSolid Reinforced Concrete Ground Floor
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Emerald Hill ShophouseWilliam Lim Architects
Solid Ground Floor Slab
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600mm
Fixing Boards on Joist
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Interfacing of Floor and Wall
Fixing Timber onto Concrete or Brickwork
Resin Anchor Bolt Expansion Bolt
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Yellow Tree House RestaurantAuckland, New Zealand
Peter Eising & Lucy Gauntlett
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Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
TimberJoistWidth 50
200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20
Width 50mm
RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20
Hot rolledUniversal beam
200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20
Steel lattice truss
1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15
Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
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Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
Plywood floor deck
12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40
T&G Timber floor board
16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35
RC SlabOne way span
100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32
Composite slab
100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30
Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
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Visitor Centre at TanarimbaNgan Ching Woo
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Suspended Timber Floor
Keldy Castle Forest CabinCropton, Yorkshire, England Hird & Brooks Architects
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Cocoon HousePaul Rudolph
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Westminster LodgeEdward Cullinan
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Steel Connection
Welding Welding
Bolts
Plates / Angles
Connectors
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Beam to BeamBeam to ColumnConnections
Welded nodal connector at Swiss Re by Foster & Partners
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c. Composite floors with steel decking
Steel decking as reinforcement for concrete slab Mesh as anti-shrinkage cracks measure Bond between concrete, decking and beam Fire-engineering or add on fire protection Slab act as horizontal diaphragm
Steel Deck Floor will consist of the following:
Steel profile deck, galvanised reinforcement or formwork or bothConcrete floor slab, rigidity, sound insulation, fire protectionWire mesh reinforcement or prevention of cracking or bothShear Stud - bonding between slab & beam
Concrete
Wire mesh
Steel deck
Shear stud
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Primary beam
Secondary beam
9 m
3m 3m
Steel decking with 3m span unpropped
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Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
TimberJoistWidth 50
200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20
Width 50mm
RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20
Hot rolledUniversal beam
200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20
Steel lattice truss
1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15
Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
Plywood floor deck
12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40
T&G Timber floor board
16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35
RC SlabOne way span
100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32
Composite slab
100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30
Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
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Composite Floor with Steel BeamsP t RC Fl ith St l BPrecast RC Floor with Steel Beams
Schulitz HouseBeverly Hills, California
H.C. Schulitz
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Farnsworth HouseMies van der Rohe
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Redefining & Rethinking the Floor
Community Bridge over Yilan River, TaiwanHuang Sheng YuanField Office
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Sunken SeatsMontessori School, Delft
Herman HertzbergerHerman Hertzberger
Suitcase HouseGary Chang
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RomanUnder floor Heating
Radiant Floor Heating and Cooling
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Floor meeting Column
Willemspark SchoolHerman Hertzberger
Hedmark Cathedral Museum Hamar, NorwaySvere Fehn
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Paving at Philopapou HillAthensDimitris Pikionis
We rejoice in the progress of our body across the uneven surface of the earth and our spirit is gladdened by the endless interplay of the three dimensions that we encounter with every step.
Dimitris Pikionis
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Slow downglass floor aheadHerman Hertzberger Aerdenhout School
Maritime Youth HouseCopenhagen, Denmark
Bjarke Ingels Group
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Henderson Wave BridgeRSP Architects
All Glass FootbridgeRotterdam, Holland
Dirk Jan Postel
Span 3mFloor plate thickness 15 mmLaminated glassSide walls thickness 10mmSide walls thickness 10mmDoubled glazed6mm tempered glass
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Ching D.K. Francis, 2001. Building Construction Illustrated 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Chapter 4
Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
TimberJoistWidth 50
200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20
Width 50mm
RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20
Hot rolledUniversal beam
200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20
Steel lattice truss
1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15
Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
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Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
Plywood floor deck
12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40
T&G Timber floor board
16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35
RC SlabOne way span
100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32
Composite slab
100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30
Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon