13 Vocabulary and... · Web viewVocabulary Word; Definition; Facts or Examples; Symbol/Picture;...
Transcript of 13 Vocabulary and... · Web viewVocabulary Word; Definition; Facts or Examples; Symbol/Picture;...
Chapter 13: The AtmosphereLearning Target Vocabulary Word Definition Facts or Examples Symbol/PictureLesson 1
I can describe the composition of the
atmosphere . . .weather
condition of Earth's _____________at a
particular _______ and ___________.
atmosphere the envelope of ___________ that
surrounds the____________.
Earth's atmosphere consists of__________, ________ ,
___________dioxide, water ___________, and other gases,
as well as____________ of liquids and solids.
water vapor water in the form of a ________(not the same
as steam)
The amount of water vapor in the air __________ greatly
from place to place.
I can state how the atmosphere is
a system . . .
__________in one part of the atmosphere
__________ other parts of the atmosphere.
The atmosphere is like a ____________because it has ________ and these parts
____________.Lesson 2
I can identify some properties
of air . . .air has mass, density
and_____________
Air is made up of atoms and _____________ that
have_______.
density the amount of_______ in a given
____________ of air.
density = mass / volume
air pressure the result of the
__________ of a ______________ of air pushing on an area
I can describe how barometers can be used to measure air pressure . . .
barometer an _____________ that is used to measure
air___________.
Air pressure is measured in inches of ___________ and
millibars.
mercury barometer
as the air pressure increases, it pushes
_______ on the surface of the mercury in the dish. This causes the mercury in the tube
to ____________ .
As the air pressure drops, the mercury in the ________ falls and the mercury in the
_______ rises.
aneroid barometer
an airtight metal __________ that is ____________ to changes in air
pressure
When air pressure increases, the thin walls of the chamber are pushed _____. When the
pressure drops, the walls bulge _______. As the shape
of the chamber changes, the _________ on the dial moves.
I can explain how altitude affects air
pressure and density . . .
altitude __________ or distance above______ level
Air pressure ___________ as altitude increases. As air pressure decreases so
does____________.
Lesson 3
I can identify the four main layers
of the atmosphere and their
characteristics . . .
Scientists divide Earth's atmosphere
into 4 main __________.
1. Troposphere2._____________3. _____________
4. Thermosphere
I can explain the characteristics of the atmosphere's
layers . . .
troposphere the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere where you ______.
Tropo means ____________
Earth's ______________ occurs here. It is between 9-16 km
thick. It contains most of the____________ . As altitude
increases, temperature_____________.
stratospherethe second layer of
the atmosphere.
Strato means ________ or spread out
Contains the _________ layer which protects us from
________________ radiation. As altitude increases,
temperature___________.
mesospherethe layer above the
stratosphere.
Meso means__________.
____________ Earth's surface from being hit by ___________.
Between 50-80 km above Earth's surface
thermosphere the _____________ layer, extends from 80 km into space
Temperature up to ____________ o C but not much
__________ because gas molecules __________ so far
apart.
ionosphere ________ part of the thermosphere (80-
400 km)
Ions are charged particles. This is where the northern
and southern lights (auroras) are formed.
exosphere ___________ layer, from 400 to
thousands of km
This is where GPS and TV satellites orbit and
spacecrafts go.Lesson 4
I can state in which form energy
travels from the sun to
Earth . . .
electromagnetic waves
________travels to Earth as
electromagnetic waves and can move through the _________
of space.
Most of the energy from the sun travels to Earth in the form of _________ light and
__________ radiation. A smaller amount arrives as
____________radiation.
radiation ___________ transfer of energy by
_____________________waves
visible light all the colors you see in a ____________-
ROYGBIV
Red and orange have ___________ wavelengths;
blue and violet have ___________ wavelengths.
infrared radiation
wavelengths are ____________ than
wavelengths for red light
It is invisible to humans but it can be felt as __________.
ultraviolet radiation
an invisible form of energy with
wavelengths that are ___________ than
wavelengths for violet light
UV radiation can cause__________ .
I can explain what happens to sun's
energy in the atmosphere and
at Earth's surface . . .
some sunlight is absorbed or reflected
by the ____________ before it can reach
the surface.
The rest passes through the atmosphere to the
___________ 50% of the energy that reaches the
surface is __________ by land and water and changed into
___________.
scatteringa process where dust-
size particles and gases in the atmosphere
__________ light in all ___________.
The sky looks blue because gas molecules ___________ short blue __________ more than long red wavelengths.
Greenhouse effect
the energy from the ___________ radiation
heats the gases in the air. These __________ hold heat in Earth's
atmosphere.
It is a ___________ process, and keeps Earth at a
_____________ temperature. Scientists have evidence that
human activities may ____________ the greenhouse
effect.Lesson 5
I can describe how temperature is measured . . .
temperaturethe __________amount
of energy of __________ of each
particle in a substance.
The ___________ the particles are moving, the _________ energy they have and the higher the temperature.
thermal energy
the __________ energy of motion in the
________ of a substance.
The tea in the ______ has more thermal energy than
the tea in the _____ because it has more ________
thermometer an instrument that measures
temperature
When the air temperature increases, the temperature of the ________ in the bulb
increases and the liquid __________ and rises up the
__________.
Celsius Scale Freezing point of water = ___o and
boiling point is _____o
To convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius use the formula: Fahrenheit -32
1.8
Fahrenheit Scale
Freezing point of water is ____ o and
boiling point is ______o
I can describe how heat is
transferred . . .heat
Thermal energy transferred from a ________ object to a
_________ one.
Heat is __________ in three ways convection, conduction
and radiation.
convectionThe transfer of heat by the _____________
of a _________ (liquids and gases)
Ex. air conditioning in your house, boiling noodles
conductionTransfer of heat
between two ____________ that are in direct_____________.
Conduction works well in__________ , air and water
do not conduct heat ________.Ex. pan touching stove, feet
on hot sand
radiationDirect transfer of
energy by ______________ waves
Ex. campfire, sun's rays
convection currents
___________ movement of warm
air and the ___________
movement of cool air.
Heat is transferred mostly by convection within the______________ .
Lesson 6I can explain how
scientists describe and explain winds . . .
wind the movement of air _____________ to Earth’s surface
move from areas of ______ pressure to __________
pressure
caused by __________ heating of the atmosphere
anemometer instrument used to measure the
__________ of the wind
windchill factor
the increased ____________ that wind
can causeI can distinguish
between local winds and global
winds and identify major global wind
belts…
local winds winds that blow over short _____________
form when large scale winds are weak
2 types = sea breezes and land breezes
sea breezeduring the day, land
heats up________, (low pressure), water is
________ , (high pressure) so wind
blows from ________ to __________
land breezeduring the night, land ________ down faster, (high pressure), water
is ____________, (low pressure) so wind
blows from _______ to ___________
global windswinds that blow _________ from
specific directions over ________
distances
occur over a large area
Coriolis Effect the way Earth’s _____________ makes
winds __________
in Northern Hemisphere global winds turn ___________
in Southern Hemisphere global winds turn counter
clockwise
doldrums________ area where
warm air ___________= little to no wind
occur at the _________
a global wind belt
horse latitudes
two calming areas of ________ air
little to no wind
threw horses overboard to lighten ships to move in no
wind
a global wind beltfrom equator to _____° North
and South latitudes
the air stops moving toward the poles and sinks
trade windsblow from horse
latitudes _________ bn the equator
Winds blowing from 30 degrees to 0
(equator); sail from Europe to USA
a global wind belt
blow from ___to ____
prevailing westerlies
blow from west to east, ______ from the
horse latitudesWinds blowing from
60 to 30 degrees latitude; most of USA
__________ (rain, snow)
between 30° and 60° N and S
blow from ___ to ___
WE LIVE IN THIS global wind belt
polar easterlies
blow cold air away from the _________
Winds blowing from 90 to 60 degrees
latitude; brings USA snow & ________
weather
a global wind beltblow from ___ to ___
Learning Targets Chapter 13
Lesson 1
I can describe the composition of the atmosphere . . .
Earth’s atmosphere consists of_____________, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ________________, and other gases, as well as particles of liquids and solids.
I can state how the atmosphere is a system . . .
Events in one part of the atmosphere ______________ other parts of the atmosphere.
Lesson 2
I can identify some properties of air . . .
Because air has_____________, it also has other properties, including ______________ and ___________________.
I can describe how barometers can be used to measure air pressure . . .
Two common kinds of barometers are __________________ barometers and _____________ barometers.
I can explain how altitude affects air pressure and density . . .
Air pressure ___________________ as altitude _______________. As air pressure______________, do does _________________.
Lesson 3
I can identify the four main layers of the atmosphere and their characteristics . . .
Scientists divide Earth’s atmosphere into ________________ main layers according to changes in ______________________.
I can explain the characteristics of the atmosphere's layers . . .
Earth’s weather occurs in the _______________. The stratosphere contains the ________________ layer. The mesosphere protects Earth from ____________________. The ____________________ is the outermost layer of the atmosphere.
Lesson 4
I can state in which form energy travels from the sun to Earth . . .
The sun’s energy travels to Earth as ______________ light, ______________ radiation and______________ radiation.
I can explain what happens to sun's energy in the atmosphere and at Earth's surface . . .
Some sunlight is ______________ or reflected by the atmosphere. Some of the energy Earth absorbs is radiated back out as ______________ radiation.
Lesson 5
I can describe how temperature is measured . . .
Air temperature is usually measured with a______________.
I can describe how heat is transferred . . .
Heat is transferred in three ways: ______________, ______________and ______________. Heat is transferred mostly by convection within the ______________.
Lesson 6
I can explain how scientists describe and explain winds . . .
Winds are caused by ______________ in air pressure.
I can distinguish between local winds and global winds and identify major global wind belts…
The ______________ heating of Earth’s surface within a ______________ area causes local winds. Global winds are caused by the unequal heating of Earth’s surface over a ______________ area.