(12) Oil Tanker Systems
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Transcript of (12) Oil Tanker Systems
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Oil tanker systems
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Oil tanker systems Pumpsmain, stripping
Pipelinesring main, direct & free flowsystem, stripping line
Manifolds
Cargo heating system
Crude Oil Washing (COW)
Inert Gas system Segregated Ballast Tanks
Double Hull vessels
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SHORE LOADING ARMS
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Inert Gas Systems
Inert Gas Systems
Today, all tankers are required to have inert gas systems.These systems maintain an inert atmosphere in the cargotanks to deplete oxygen which support combustion.
During cargo operations, inert gas is pumped into the cargotanks. The inert gas is either manufactured by an inert gasgenerator or is cleaned flue gas from the tankers boiler.
No tanker should be allowed to operate without a properlyfunctioning inert gas system. Tanker explosions have beenpractically eliminated since inert gas systems have beenintroduced.
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Tank Cleaning method:
There are three ways of cleaning tanks
Bottom flushing with water, petroleum product or
chemical solvent
Water washing (hot or cold) employing tank-
washing machinery
Crude oil washing (COW)
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COW
Crude Oil Washing
A process to assist in the control ofhydrocarbon being discharged to the sea.
When the tanker is being discharged, thecrude oil cargo is pumped through a fixedcleaning system that washes the cargo tankswith crude and minimizes the amount of oilresidue and wax clinging to the tanks surfaces.
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Crude oil washing (COW)
The advantages
that tank cleaning at sea is avoided, with less
likelihood of accidental pollution;
less tank corrosion is experienced than from water
washing;
increased carrying capacity is available for the next
cargo; full tank drainage is achieved;
time saved gas freeing for dry dock periods.
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Disadvantages
crew workload, which is increased at the port of
discharge;
discharge time is increased;
it has a high installation cost and maintenance cost
are increased, while crew need special training
with operational aspects.
Crude oil washing (COW)
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CRUDE OIL CARGO CARE
It would be normal practice that, though the
period of the voyage, regular checks are made
on the tank ullage values and the
temperatures of all tanks.
Empty tanks and cofferdams, together with
pump rooms, should be sounded daily to
ensure no leakage is apparent.
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THANK YOU.