12 Cultural Difference

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Individual Level:

All individuals are, in some

respects, like no other individuals.

Group Level:

All individuals are, in some respects,like some other individuals.

Universal Level:

All individuals are, in some respects,like all other individual.


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Adjustment and

adaptation

Honeymoon

Crisis /

cultural

shock

Adjustment /

recovery

Preparation /

anxiety

Reentry

shock


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- Preparation- Curiosity

- Anxiety

- Expectations

- Doubts

-

Farewells

Adjustment and adaptationH

oneymoon

Crisis /cultural shock

Adjustment / recovery

Preparation /

anxiety Reentry

shockThe W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning

Based on Oberg (1960)


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- Getting settled- Fascination

- Curiosity

- Anxiety

- Confusion

-

Change

Adjustment and adaptationHoneymoon



Preparation / anxiety

Reentry shock

The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning



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1. Language

2. Locations

3. Organization, regulations, procedures

4. Social interactions

5. Decision Making


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- Homesick

- Academic challenges

- Confusion

- Loneliness- Anxiety

- Negativity




Preparation /

anxiety Reentry




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1. Social support2. Understanding

3. Guidance

4. Contact with family and friends

5. Listening and learning

6. Getting to know more about the University,

places, people, culture7. Getting involve

8. Goals setting


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- Learning and better understanding

of self and new culture- Stability familiarity

- Satisfaction and personal growth

- More stability

- Better understanding

- More energy and focus




Preparation /

anxiety Reentry




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1. Decision making

2. Changes

3. Paper work

4. Anxiety

5. Readjustment6. Re-entry

7. Expectations




Preparation /

anxiety Reentry




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1. Information

2. Evaluation

3. Goal setting

4. Readjustments5. Decision making

6.

Change and readiness




Preparation /

anxiety Reentry




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Cultural Shock

Language

Academics

Family and friends

Decision making

Organization living arrangements

Social interactions

Future planning

Adjustment


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ApproachabilityVisibility

Contact

InformationResources

Guidance

EncouragementSupport

Feedback

Time


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Self Awareness (own biases,

attitudes and believes).

Knowledge (exposure to cultures,

open mind, information).

Skills (active listening, respect,

acceptance).


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Google images. Retrieved on April 13th2011.http://www.google.com/imghp.

McGoldrick, M. (1998). Re-Visioning family therapy: Race, culture

and gender in clinical practice. New York: The Guilford Press.

Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2003). Counseling the culturally diverse:

Theory and practice(4th ed). New York: John Wiley & sons.

Torres Rivera, E. (2005). Multicultural Counseling Class, Lecture

Notes.


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12 Cultural Difference

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