11 September 2008 NSF ARECIBO RADIO ASTRONOMY Chris Salter for Murray Lewis.
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Transcript of 11 September 2008 NSF ARECIBO RADIO ASTRONOMY Chris Salter for Murray Lewis.
11 September 2008 NSF
ARECIBO
RADIO ASTRONOMY
Chris Salter for Murray Lewis
11 September 2008 NSF
Across whole Arecibo pgm.
• Mass-range investigated dynamically– ~56 orders of magnitude– Micro-meteorites -- asteroids -- neutron stars --
-- galaxy clusters
• Time duration: ∆t > 23 orders of magnitude– Crab giant pulses 10-9 sec; Galaxy Evoln. > 109 yr
• Magnetic field: B > 20 orders of magnitude– Mercury null; ISM; to Magnetars > 10^13 gauss
11 September 2008 NSF
Traditional Arecibo topics• Pulsars -- (pALFA), timing MSP
• 21 cm HI– Extra-galactic {alfalfa, AGES, (AUDS), ([ZoA]) }
– Galactic {Disk-Halo, (I-gALFA), [TOGS,TOGS2,GALFACTS2]}
• OTHER– Magnetic Fields {(GALFACTS), (ULIRGs) }
– VLBI
– Multi-UGC, CGCG, SDSS, IRAS, 2MASS, (GLAST)}
– Molecular-line {Arp 220, ULIRGs}
11 September 2008 NSF
ALFA: A Camera for Arecibo
2004
•Installed 2004 Apr•Surveys initiated Feb 2005•7 beams x 2 pol (linear) = 14 “pixels”
•1225-1525 MHz full range•Unmatched sensitivity (SEFD = 2.4 to 3 Jy)
•3.3’ x 3.8’ beams on 11’ X 13’ ellipse
•Unprecedented capability for mapping the sky
•Survey consortia self-organized by community
11 September 2008 NSF
Pulsars
• Discovery -- (pALFA)
• timing, MSP timing, gravitational-waveenergy density
• timing noise investigations
• high-time resolution studies
• tests of general relativity
• physics of extreme environments (B, Eqn. State)
• ISM studies (using pulsars as probes of ISM, etc)
• precision astrometry (parallaxes, proper motions, etc)
• pulsar time scales (inertial & dynamical)
11 September 2008 NSF
J1903+03272.15 msec
95 d orbit
e 0.43667
1.74±0.04 Mo
11 September 2008 NSF
11 September 2008 NSF
11 September 2008 NSF
Traditional Arecibo topics
• Pulsars -- (pALFA), timing MSP
• 21 cm HI– Extra-galactic {alfalfa, AGES, (AUDS), ([ZoA]) }
– Galactic {Disk-Halo, (I-gALFA), [TOGS,TOGS2,GALFACTS2]}
• OTHER– Magnetic Fields {(GALFACTS), (ULIRGs) }
11 September 2008 NSF
HI STUDIES
• Trace phase change from ionized to neutral species
• HI eliminated via phase change to molecular species
• Traces accumulation of visible baryons into galaxies -- Tully Fisher Relation
11 September 2008 NSF
BTF from Resolved Rotation Curves
Need aperture synthesis HI maps - limits sample sizes
NRAO/AUI and NOAO/AURA/NSF Rector et al.
M33 starsHI
r, kpc10 30 50
100
200
300
V, km/s
HIH
HI b
d
Vrot
h
b ϒ*
KS 2005
11 September 2008 NSF
The Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation
M*
Vrot (km/s)
Md
McGaugh et al 2000
100Vrot (km/s)
30030 100 300301
09
10
111
07
10
91
011
10
7Stellar TF BTF
M* =ϒ*L
M d =M* +1.4MHI
Coverage over CompletenessPhilosophy
(Mo) (Mo)
(colors)
H K’ I B
11 September 2008 NSF
Arecibo as an HI telescope
in the coming era of active SKA survey- optimized pathfinders (ASKAP, MSKAP)
to be followed by the SKA
whence Arecibo?
The mid-range SKA is a 0.3-3 GHz+ facility
That exactly matches Arecibo, so
Arecibo’s science is SKA precursor science
11 September 2008 NSF
• Looking at large redshifts
=> evolution in TF relation
• Looking for local very low mass objects => alfalfa
Exploit Sensitivity by
11 September 2008 NSF
11 September 2008 NSF
A Pilot Survey of HI in Field Galaxies at z ~ 0.2: Catinella et al ApJL
11 September 2008 NSF
Text
~5300 galaxies from alfalfa: RA 7.5 - 16.5 hr, dec 12 - 16°
11 September 2008 NSF
Parkes HIPASS survey: Zwaan et al. 2003
?•Previous surveys have detected few (if any) objects with low HI.
•At low mass end, HIMF estimates differ by >10X:
Rosenberg & Schneider (2000)
versus
Zwaan et al. (1997)
HIMF
11 September 2008 NSF
11 September 2008 NSF
11 September 2008 NSF
Traditional Arecibo topics
• Pulsars -- (pALFA), timing MSP
• 21 cm HI– Extra-galactic {alfalfa, AGES, (AUDS), ([ZoA]) }
– Galactic {Disk-Halo, (I-gALFA), [TOGS,TOGS2,GALFACTS2]}
• OTHER– Magnetic Fields {(GALFACTS), (ULIRGs) }
11 September 2008 NSF
TOGS HI map from commensal observations in fall 2007
Dec. 21 - 26°; RA 3hr - 23 hr
11 September 2008 NSF
11 September 2008 NSF
11 September 2008 NSF
Magnetic Fields
GALFACTS
11 September 2008 NSF
11 September 2008 NSF
VLBI and AreciboThe impact of Arecibo’s sensitivity
• Arecibo added to the VLBA => 4.5 times better sensitivity (Day & Momjian 2005).
11 September 2008 NSF
VLBI Highlights Post-Painting MK5A Disk-recorded: Three successful Mk5A disk-based
runs using L, C and X-band, with HAS, EVN & Global network. These represent; (1) a study of the Zeeman effect for compact components in ULIRGs, (2) jet and counter-jet emission in the giant radio galaxy, NGC315 and, (3) measuring the expansion velocity of SN2008D associated with the transient X-ray source in NGC2770 (Target of Opportunity).
E-VLBI test over the existing OC3 (155Mbps-shared with UPR) line:
Arecibo data arriving at JIVE
@64Mbps
@128Mbps
Fringe amplitude for 64Mbps
Jb - Tr
Jb - Wb
Jb - Ar Tr - Wb
Tr - Ar Wb - Ar
Fringe amplitude for 128 Mbps
Jb - Tr Jb - Wb
Jb - Ar Tr - Wb
Tr - Ar Wb - ArQSO 3C395
11 September 2008 NSF
Exploiting 1 - 10 GHz
• Molecular line searches (Galactic starting)
• Molecular line searches extragalactic
ULIRGS, recent success
11 September 2008 NSF
A Spectral Scan of Arp 220:1.1 – 10 GHz
Arp 220 is a star-burst galaxy at a distance of 250 Mly.
It is forming stars at 100-times the rate of the Milky Way.
It is the result of a collision between 2 galaxies now in the final stages of merging.
(HST:Optical)
(VLA:Radio Wavlength 6cm)
11 September 2008 NSF
The Spectrum of Arp 220 – Prebiotic Molecules
Methanimine (CH2NH) observed for the
first time outside of the Milky Way (where it has only been observed in one source!)
This is probably a maser emitter.
“Bending” transitions of HCN observed for the very first time in the radio region.These lines are at L-, C-, C-Hi & X-band.
STOP PRESS:
HCN at S-band.
11 September 2008 NSF