100 Volts
description
Transcript of 100 Volts
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100 Volts
0 Volts
vo,x
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x
V(x)
50
150
100
200
200 Volts
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-200 Volts 200 Volts
z
ycoordinates
x
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10 V 0 V
(note the perpendicular intersections)
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10 V 0 V x
y
(line of symmetry is x-axis where y=0)
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V(x,0)
yields
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x (cm)
yields
Ex(x,0)
V/m 15002.3
)03.05(.)107(
xV
x (cm)
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x
U(x)potential energy
stableequilibrium(FNET = 0)
unstableequilibrium(FNET = 0)
negative slope(FNET to right)
positive slope(FNET to left)
A B
C D
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x
U(x)potential energy
A: stableequilibrium C: unstable
Equilibrium
D: FNET to right
B: FNET to left
A B
C D
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x
U(x)potential energy
A B
C D
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x
V(x)electric potential
A Bbegin
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x
y
+
Radial electric vector field of a charged conducting circle
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x
+
y
_
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_
y
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x
y
_
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y
U(x,y)potential energy
FNET to right and forward)
x
dotted lines showconstant energy
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y
U(x,y)potential energy
FNET to right and forward)x
(dotted lines showconstant energy:“equipotentials”)
(equipotentialscloser where steepest)
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y
V(x,y)electric potential
(potential energy per unit charge)
E(x,y)x
dotted lines showconstant electric
potential+
+
solid lines showelectric field
arrow shows electricfield direction on
positive test charge
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y
V(x,y)
x
(dotted lines show constant electric potential)+
+(solid lines showelectric field)
(arrow shows forceon test charge)
++
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y
V(x,y)Electrical potential
energy per unit charge
x
(equipotentialscloser where steepest)
+(dotted lines show constant electric potential while solid lines show electric field)
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y
V(x,y)
x
(dotted lines show constant electric potential)+
(solid lines showelectric field)
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y
V(x,y)
x
dotted lines showconstant electric
potential+solid lines showelectric field
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y
+
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y
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x
yV=4 volts
A
B
q
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V=7 volts
V=5 voltsE=?
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V=7 volts
V=5 voltsE=?
d = 2 cm
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100 V/m
x
y
Q = 35o
Q must be estimated ormeasured with a protractorto calculate the legs (x andY components of E).
57 V/m
82 V/m
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10o15o
30o
45o
60o75o
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y
V(x,y)
E(x,y)
x
dotted lines showconstant electric
potential
_
+
solid lines showelectric field
arrow shows electricfield direction on
positive test charge
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y
V(x,y)
x
_
+
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+ + + ++ + + ++ + + ++ + + ++ + + ++ + + ++ + +
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VI
LACROSS SECTION
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BATTERY
+
BATTERY
+
ITOTAL
IA IB IC
IE
ID
BATTERY
+
BATTERY
+
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BATTERY
+ PUM
P
(handle)(spinning
paddlewheel)ee e e e
e
ee
ee e
e
eee
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RVsourceR
RVsourceR
ab c
de
fg
h
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RVsource
R
Vsource
R
resistorsin series
RVsourceR
resistorsin parallel
RVsource
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6 W3 V
3V 6 W
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BATTERY+
the ground
BATTERY+
the ground
current can never flow current may flow(depending on the properties of the ground)
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BATTERY+
the ground
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9-VOLT
BATTERY
+ _
9-VOLTBATTERY+
_
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+
-
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N S
Unmagnetized iron filings before being placed in magnetic field.
S N
S N
SN
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NScompass
Needle direction?Draw needle in compass circle.
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STOPPRELAB
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-----
-- --
+ +++++
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Uncharged conducting coin grounded to Earth.
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+
-- -
- ---
- The presence of positive charge createsan electric field at the coin surface that attracts electrons from the Earth to negativelycharge the coin.
E
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+- ---
Removing the grounding wire leavesthe coin positively charged.The Earth is a giant reservoir of charge,we do not worry about the fact that it hassome miniscule amount of excess positive charge.
E
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+- ---
The presence of positive charge creates an electric field at the coin surface that causes macroscopic charge separation. (The coins positive charges are forced to be far away from the positively charged object.)
E
+++ +
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+- ---
+++ +
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L EONE
+- ---
If some fool’s hand comes into contact with the coin, the coin’s positive charges can move even further fromthe charged object by moving into the hand (and body).
E
++
++
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L EONE
+- ---
++
++
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+- ---
Removal of the hand leaves a negatively charged coin.The hand is a large reservoir of charge and we will not worry about the miniscule amount of excess positivecharge in the hand (and body) unless a very strong electricfield had been present.
E
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+- ---
E
In presence of positively charged object. Positively charged object removed.
?
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1.5 V
1.5 V
B. C. D.
1.5 V1.5 VV 1.5 V V+
-
+
-V
+
-V
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6.0 V
b
4.5 V4.5 V
4.5 V
A. B.
6.0 V
B.A.
6.0 V
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6.0 Va
b c
d
4.5 V4.5 V
4.5 V
A. B.
7.5 V
4.5 V
B.A.7.5 V
4.5 V
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6.0 Va
b c
d
4.5 V4.5 V
4.5 V
A. B.
7.5 V
4.5 V
B.A.7.5 V
4.5 V
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pith ball(conductor)
+Initial attraction
+repulsion after touching
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metallicenclosure
solid metallicbar with round end
very thin stripof pure gold
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+
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
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+__+
+_
+_
+_
+_
+_
+_
+_
_
+_
+_
+_
+
_
+
_
_
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BATTERY
+
BATTERY
+
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R VsourceRVsource
R
A. B.
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BATTERY
+
BATTERY
+
BATTERY
+
BATTERY
+
V
1.5
0
3.0
4.5
6.0
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-----
-- --
+ +++++ --
---
-- --
wal
lba
lloon
stic
ks
to w
all
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+- ---
E
+++ +
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R
Vsource
R
R
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+ _
_point of
intersection
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+ _
_ point of intersectioncan’t happen
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+
-
-
+
- +
A B C
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R2
V
Requivalent
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R1 R2
V
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1 W 1 W
1 W 1 W
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1 W 2 W
9 VRA
4 W
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10 V R1= 1 W
R2=4 W
I2=? V2=?
I1=? V1=?IBattery=?
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12 V R1= 5 W
R2=1 W
I2=? V2=?
I1=? V1=?IBattery=?
RTotal= ?
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R1
R2
10 V
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9 V R1= 1 W R2= 2 W
R3=4 W
I3=? V3=?
I1=? V1=? I2=? V2=?IBattery=?
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R1= 8 W R2= 8 W
R4=2 WI4=? V4=?
I1=? V1=? I2=? V2=?
R3=2 WI3=? V3=?
Rtotal = 5 ohmsIbattery = 2 amps
V1 = V2 = 8 voltsI1 = I2 = 1 amp
V3 = V4 = 2 voltsI3 = I4 = 1 amp
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R
Vapplied
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I
Vapplied
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V
100 Wa b c200 W
V200 W
a
c
b
100 W d
e f
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V200 W
a
c
b
100 W d
e f
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R
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200 W
100 W
red 1
black 2 red 2
+
-
black 1
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t
V(t)
5
0
-5t
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I
Vapplied
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R1= 8 WI1=? V1=?
R2=1 WRequivalent = ?Ibattery = ?
V1 = ? I1 = ?
V2 = ? I2 = ?
I2=? V2=?
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C
Cb
a
R
d
c
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Magnet
BClose is strong
BFar is weak
Magnet
B
IL
Magnet
B
rotate
I I
I
I
![Page 97: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
I
I
I
V
![Page 98: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
N solenoid loops enclosed in the Amperian loop, each with current I.
n is “loop density” N/L of solenoid.
BIN
Am
peria
n lo
op
L
loop Amperianby enclosed total
loopAmperian
whole
IsdB o
Ampere’s Law:
![Page 99: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
R
LBincident
einduced by B acts like battery.Current flowing through resistor is easily measured.
einduced
External Inductance
R
L
einduced
Oscillating voltage source causes oscillating B inside inductor.Oscillating B inside inductor induces voltage einduced (back EMF).Back EMF makes inductor seem like a resistor to the voltage source.
Self Inductance
![Page 100: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
R
LBincident
An oscillating external B causes an induced voltage einduced across the inductor.
einduced
External Inductance
R
L
einduced
Oscillating voltage source causes oscillating B inside inductor which induces a voltage einduced across the inductor.
Self Inductance
![Page 101: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
R
L
Self Inductance:
![Page 102: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
I
I
I
DC Power Supply+ -
brushes
Magnet
B
![Page 103: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
I
N
S
S
N
![Page 104: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
I I
a
y
z
{outward}
xB ˆ [T] 3o
![Page 105: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
y
z
x
![Page 106: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
V(t)
VL
VR
VS
![Page 107: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
V(t)
V?V?
VR
![Page 108: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
V(t)
VL
VC
VR
![Page 109: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
V(t)
VC
VR
VS
![Page 110: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
V(t)
V?
VR
V?
![Page 111: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
V(t)
VL
VC
VR
VS
![Page 112: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
V(t)
VLVC
VR
VS
t
![Page 113: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
R [ohm]
C [farad]Vsource
L [henry]
![Page 114: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Vs (t) +
-0
Vs (t) Vs (t)-VR(t)
Vs (t)-VR(t)
Vs (t)-VR(t)-VC(t)
Vs (t)-VR(t)-VC(t)Vs (t)-VR(t)-VC(t)- VL(t)=0
+Q
-QVS VC
+
+
+
-
-
-
VR
VL
I(t)
![Page 115: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
t
V(t)
![Page 116: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
[V]
[t]
![Page 117: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
[V]
[t]
![Page 118: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
[V]
[t]
![Page 119: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Pulses let through by the diode move speaker withfrequency of desired audio wave.
Quantum mechanical turn-on voltage of diode.
Modulate Wave Transmitted by Diode to Speaker
[V]0
![Page 120: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
ANT
GND
A
B
PRIMARYSOLENOID
SECONDARYSOLENOID
![Page 121: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
ANT
GND
A
B
PRIMARYSOLENOID
SECONDARYSOLENOID
secondary circuit
Lsec
![Page 122: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
ANT
GND
A
B
PRIMARYSOLENOID
SECONDARYSOLENOID
secondary circuitLsec/2
![Page 123: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Diode
A
B
TUNER
![Page 124: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
3,600 [Hz]
![Page 125: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
envelope [Hz]
carrier [Hz]RF Modulator
RFout
lowin
CH2
CH1
modulated
![Page 126: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
carrier [Hz]RF Modulator
RFout
lowin CH
1modulated
![Page 127: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
![Page 128: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
CH1
modulated
antenna
ground
![Page 129: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Iamplitude
fdrive
fresonance
Iamplitude
fdrive
fresonance
A B
![Page 130: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
9 V R1= 1 W R2= 2 W R3= 3 W
R4=4 W
I4=? V4=?
I1=? V1=? I2=? V2=?IBattery=?
Requivalent=?
![Page 131: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
BATTERY+
cd
![Page 132: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
BATTERY+ +
BTotal charge +Q & -Q Total charge +Q & -Q
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + ++ + +
- - - - -- - - - -
- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -
(-Q/2)
(-Q/2)
(+Q/2)
(+Q/2)
![Page 133: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
R1
VS
S1
R2
CS2
R1 = 1x106 [W]R2 = 1x105 [W]C = 1x10-5 [F]Vs = 10 [V]
![Page 134: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Thumb shows direction of magnetic field.
B
Wrap fingersin direction ofcurrent.
q
If charge q is negative,reverse B-field direction.
![Page 135: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
B
I
I
Thumb shows direction of magnetic field.
![Page 136: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
![Page 137: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
![Page 138: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
BATTERY
+
voltage“height”
1.5 [V]
0 [V] V=
+1.5
[V] V
= -1.5 [V]
![Page 139: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
BATTERY
+
voltage“height”
1.5 [V]
0 [V]
![Page 140: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
BAT
TE
RY
voltage“height”
1.5 [V]
0 [V]
voltage
1.5 [V]
0 [V]
position on circuita b c d
1.5 [V]
a d
ad
c
b
![Page 141: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
BATTERY
+
voltage“height”
a
b c
de
voltage
1.5 [V]
0 [V]
position on circuita b c d e a
![Page 142: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
1.5 [V]1.5 [V] RBULB
a
bc
d
e
![Page 143: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
BATTERY
+
voltage“height”
1.50 [V]
0 [V]
a
b
c
0.75 [V]
![Page 144: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
BATTERY
+
voltage“height”
1.50 [V]
0 [V]
0.75 [V]
![Page 145: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
voltage
1.50 [V]
0 [V]
position on circuita b c
0.75 [V]
a
![Page 146: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
V
RBulba b cRBulb
VRBulb
a
b
f
RBulb d
c e
![Page 147: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
a
voltage“height”
1.5 [V]
0 [V]B
ATTERY
+
b c
d f e
![Page 148: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
voltage
1.50 [V]
0 [V]
position on circuitf d b
0.75 [V]
a c e f aa
![Page 149: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
display
settings
+ positive terminal for high current measurements (has large fuse)
- negative terminal or “ground”
+ positive terminal
![Page 150: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Voltage
VDC
BATTERY
+
![Page 151: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
? amps
BATTERY
+ BATTERY
+
mA
A B
![Page 152: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
Amperes
mAR
BATTERY
+
![Page 153: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
Amperes
mA
A
R
BATTERY
+
![Page 154: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
Ohms (W)
W
R
![Page 155: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
3 V
b
cd
BATTERY
+
BATTERY
c d
1.5 [V]
0 [V]
3 V
a b
cd
BATTERY
+
BATTERY
+a b
c
1.5 [V]
3.0 [V]
![Page 156: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
Vamp=3 V
330 W
CH1 CH2
red1
red2
bottomground
x-ymode
![Page 157: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
• 30 V• Ground• 1000 V• 2000 V• 3000 V
constantvoltage ---
--
ground
--
-
---
-- -
-
-
-
-
-
ground
![Page 158: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
• 30 V• Ground• 1000 V• 2000 V• 3000 V
constantvoltage
chargeseparation
ground
![Page 159: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
+++++- ---
--
-+++++
+++++
- ---
---
+
+
++
--
--
--
- +
+
evenlyarranged
clusteredpositive
clusterednegative
![Page 160: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
Real
Imaginary
V R
wtV
L
VCVS
fshift+p
![Page 161: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
Real
Imaginary
VR
V L
V C
![Page 162: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
Im{V(t)}
Re{V(t)}Real
Imaginary
V 0
wt
V(t)=V0eiwt rotates around the complex plane in time.
![Page 163: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
Voltage
VLVC
VR
VS
![Page 164: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
R [ohm]
C [farad]
L [henry]
R [ohm]Vsource
L [henry]
THEORY REALITY
![Page 165: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
N S
![Page 166: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
x
A B C D E
![Page 167: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
x [cm]
10 [V] 8 6 4 2 0
0 2 4 6 8 10
![Page 168: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
x [cm]
10 8 6 4 2 0 [V]
0 2 4 6 8 10
A B
![Page 169: 100 Volts](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061617/5681625d550346895dd2b4f6/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
N solenoid loops enclosed in the Amperian loop, each with current I.
n is “loop density” N/L of solenoid.
BIN
Am
peria
n lo
op
L
loop Amperianby enclosed total
loopAmperian
whole
IsdB o
Ampere’s Law: