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HIGHWAY ENGINEERING DCC3113 TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION TO HIGHWAY & TRAFFIC

This topic exposes the student to history of highways, profession that involve in highway construction,

transportation engineering denition and the function oftransportation.

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 TRAFFIC IS DEFINE AS

the number of vehicles moving 

along roads, or the amount ofaircraft, trains, or ships moving along a route

CAMBRIDGE DICTIONORY ONLINE

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TYPE OFTRANPORTA

T!ON

"E#!ATRANPORTAT!O

N

"O#TRANPORTAT!ON

O$%E&T TO$E

&ARR!E#

LAND

Roadway &hihway

Bi!y!"#$ %oo'!y!"#$!a'$ (a)$ 'ai"#' &

"o''yH*%a)$a)i%a" &

hi)+R##" , 'ai"way+

 T'ai)+$ LRT$ Mo)o'ai"$!a-"# !a'

Ca-"# d#"i(#'y.ow#'+ &

#"#!o%%*)i!aio)Ca-"# wi'#

E"#!'i!iy &#"#.ho)#

WATERDa%)$ o.#)

!ha))#"$ 'i(#' &

+#a

Boa$ +a%.a)$ /#''y$ho(#'!'a/ & 0a.a"

+#"a%

H*%a)$

a)i%a" &hi)

AIR Ai'.o' Ai'.o'$ #$ h#"i!o.#'

LAND & WATER Pi.# +y+#% Pi.#

Ga+$ oi"$wa#' &!h#%i!a"

%a#'ia"+

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PROFESSION IN2OL2E IN TRANSPORTATION CONSTRUCTION

1 SUR2EYOR

4 ROAD AND HIGHWAY

ENGINEER3  TRAFFIC ENGINEER

5 GEOLOGIST

6 STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

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SUR2EYOR

F*)!io) 7 *)d#'a0# h# !ada+'a" &#)i)##'i) +*'(#y

I)(o"(# o.o'a.hi!a" +*'(#y wo'0 Th# o'ii)a"#''ai) %*+ -# %a..#d -#/o'# h# ."a))i) &d#+i) wo'0 !a) -# do)#

L#(#"i) a)d d#ai"i) -#/o'# a)d a/#'!o)+'*!io)

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ROAD AND HIGHWAY ENGINEER

I)(o"(#+ i) d#+i)i)$ !o)+'*!i) a)d%ai)ai)i) hihway +y+#%+

Hihway E)i)##'+ %*+ a0# i)o a!!o*)/**'# 'a8! 9ow+$ d#+i) o/ hihwayi)#'+#!io)+:i)#'!ha)#+$ #o%#'i!a"i)%#) a)d d#+i)$ hihway .a(#%#)%a#'ia"+ a)d d#+i)$ +'*!*'a" d#+i) o/.a(#%#) hi!0)#++$ a)d .a(#%#)

%ai)#)a)!#

Merekabentuk ketebalan lapisan struktur jalanmengikut taraf jalan (jalan raya lebuh raya!

Merekabentuk kecerunan " geometri jalan

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 TRAFFIC ENGINEER

B'a)!h o/ !i(i" #)i)##'i) ha *+#+ #)i)##'i)#!h)i;*#+ o a!hi#(# h# +a/# a)d #8!i#) %o(#%#)

o/ .#o."# a)d ood+ o) 'oadway+

Fo!*+#+ %ai)"y o) '#+#a'!h a)d !o)+'*!io) o/ h#

i)/'a+'*!*'# )#!#++a'y /o' +a/# a)d #8!i#) 'a8!9ow$ +*!h a+ 'oad #o%#'y$ +id#wa"0+ a)d!'o++wa"0+$ 'a8! +i)+$ 'oad +*'/a!# %a'0i)+ a)d'a8! "ih+

Mengira isi padu lalu lintas Merekabentuk sistem lalu lintas yang sesuai

(jalan sehala, jalan satu lorong dua lorong, jalan bertingkat, simpang berlampu isyarat

bulatan pusingan!

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GEOLIGIST

A +!i#)i+ who +*di#+ h# +o"id a)d "i;*id%a#' ha !o)+i*#+ h# Ea'h a+ w#"" a+ h#.'o!#++#+ a)d hi+o'y ha ha+ +ha.#d i

E<a%i)i) h# #o"oi!a" +*ia-i"iy o/ +i#+ /o'+'*!*'#+ +*!h a+ *))#"+$ 'oad+$ !oa+a"i)+a""aio)+$ -'id#+ & wa#' +*.."y +!h#%#+

Mengkaji jenis " kekuatan tanah bagi

mengetahui keupayaan galas yang bolehditanggung oleh tanah di bawah permukaan

 jalan

Mencadangkan jenis penstabil tanah dan cerun

 yang sesuai

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STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

S'*!*'a" #)i)##'+ a)a"y=#$ d#+i)$ ."a)$ a)d'#+#a'!h +'*!*'a" !o%.o)#)+ a)d +'*!*'a"+y+#%+ o a!hi#(# d#+i) oa"+ a)d #)+*'# h#+a/#y a)d !o%/o' o/ *+#'+ o' o!!*.a)+

S'*!*'a" #)i)##'+ #)+*'# ha -*i"di)+ a)d-'id#+ a'# -*i" o -# +'o) #)o*h a)d +a-"##)o*h o '#+i+ a"" a..'o.'ia# +'*!*'a" "oad+i) o'd#' o .'#(#) o' '#d*!# "o++ o/ "i/# o' i)*'y

Merekabentuk struktur binaan (longkang, tembok penahan, pondok kutipan gol " papan tanda jalan

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HISTORY OF ROADCONSTRUCTION

1 LATERITE ROAD

4 ROMAN ROAD

3 PIERRE TRESAGUET

ROAD5  >OHN METCALF ROAD

6  THOMAS TELFORD ROAD

?  >OHN MACADAM ROAD

Fi*'# 7 Ro%a) Road

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LATERITE ROAD

La#'i#+ a'# +oi" y.#+'i!h i) i'o) a)da"*%i)i*%$ /o'%#d i) ho

a)d w# 'o.i!a" a'#a+ U+# )a*'a" o'

!o%.a!#d +oi" o'!o%.a!#d a+ 'oad

+*'/a!#

U+*a""y !o)+'*!#d i)h# '*'a" a'#a

S"i..#'y wh#) w#

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ROMAN ROAD

P*'.o+# o/ %i"ia'y %o(#%#) @5 BC o 4 AD

Road !o)+'*!#d -y Ro%a) i) 314 BC

Mai) !ha'a!#'i+i!+

i Thi!0)#++ o/ h# 'oad /'o% a-o* % o 14%

ii Th#y w#'# +'aih wiho* 'adi#) @*+# /o' a'%y

iii Road w#'# )o -*i" o) +o/ +oi" /o'%aio) -* o)

ha'd +'a*% '#a!h#d a/#' #<!a(aio)

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ROMAN ROAD

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PIERRE TRESAUETS ROAD

M' Pi#''# T'#+a;*# wa+ i)+.#!o' #)#'a" o/'oad i) F'a)!# @16 o 16

H# d#(#"o.#d a) i%.'o(#d %#hod o/ 'oad!o)+'*!io)

 Thi!0)#++ o/ h# 'oad 3 !%

Mad# !o)+id#'aio) o/ +*-'ad# %oi+*'# a)dd'ai)a# /'o% h# 'oad +*'/a!#

N##d /o' !o)i)*o*+ %ai)#)a)!# o/ 'oad D#(#"o.#d i) F'a)!# %ai)"y /o' *+# o/ %i"ia'y

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PIERRE TRESAUETS ROAD

La'# /o*)daio) +o)#

o) #d# 1 !% hi!0

B'o0#) +o)# !%

 Thi!0

W#a'i) +*'/a!#

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 >OHN METCALF ROAD

AA B"i)d >a!0 o/ )a'#+-o'o*h o' B"i)d >a!0M#!a"/

Fi'+ o/ h# .'o/#++io)a" 'oad -*i"d#'+ o #%#'#d*'i) h# B'ii+h I)d*+'ia" R#(o"*io)

B"i)d /'o% h# a# o/ +i< i) h# .#'iod 1?6 o14

H# -*i" a-o* 3 0% @1 %i"#+ o/ *').i0# 'oad$%ai)"y i) h# )o'h o/ E)"a)d

M#!a"/ -#"i#(#d a ood 'oad +ho*"d ha(# ood/o*)daio)+$ w#"" d'ai)#d & +%ooh !o)(#<@'o*)d#d +*'/a!# o a""ow 'ai)wa#' o d'ai);*i!0"y i)o di!h#+ a h# +id# o/ h# 'oad

H# *)d#'+ood h# i%.o'a)!# o/ ood d'ai)a#

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 THOMAS TELFORD ROAD

M' Tho%a+ T#"/o'd wa+ h# +o) o/ a D*%/'i#++hi'#+h#.h#'d

Ba!0'o*)d i) +o)#%a+o)a'y & -#!a%# a !i(i"#)i)##'

I%.'o(#d h# %#hod o/ -*i"di) 'oad+ wih-'o0#) +o)#+ -y a)a"y=i) +o)# hi!0)#++$ 'oad'a8!$ 'oad a"i)%#) & 'adi#) +"o.#+

Fo'%aio) "#(#" i+ ho'i=o)a"

Ca%-#' i+ !o)+'*!#d -y !ha)i) h# /o*)daio)"ay#' hi!0)#++ /'o% 3J o' 5J o) h# +id# o J o'J i) h# %idd"#

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 THOMAS TELFORD ROAD

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 >OHN MACADAM ROAD

M!Ada% '#a"i+#d ha h# -#+ +o)# /o' 'oad +*'/a!i))##d#d o -# a)*"a' i) +ha.# $ !'*+h#d a)d h#) 'ad#do a !o)+a) +i=#

 Th# K'+ wo "ay#'+ w#'# a %a<i%*% +i=# o/ 6%% a)d

w#'# "aid o a oa" d#.h o/ 4%% Th# hi'd "ay#' had a%a<i%*% +i=# o/ 46%% a)d wa+ "aid o a d#.h o/46%%

Ea!h "ay#' wa+ !o%.a!#d *+i) a h#a(y 'o""#' Th#!#)'# o/ h# 'oad wa+ -*i" hih#' ha) h# #d#+ o

a++i+ 'ai)wa#' i) '*))i) o o d'ai)+ -*i" #ih#' +id# o/h# 'oad

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 >OHN MACADAM ROAD

 Th# who"# o/ h# +*'/a!# wa+ h#) 'o""#d 9a o-i)d h# +o)#+ o#h#'

 Thi+ a(# a ha'd 'oad +*'/a!#$ /'## /'o% '*+ a)do)# whi!h wa+ !a.a-"# o/ !a''yi) h#a(y !a'+a)d +a# !oa!h#+

Ma!Ada%+ 'oad+ wa+ *+#d )o o)"y i) B'iai) -*a"" a'o*)d h# wo'"d

La#'$ 'oad +*'/a!#+ w#'# -o*)d o#h#' *+i)!oa" a' a)d w#'# !o%%o)"y 0)ow) a+

 Ta'%a!ada% 'oad+

Mod#') 'oad+ a'# +i"" -*i" "a'#"y o) Ma!Ada%++y+#% a)d hi+ )a%# ha+ -#!o%# +y)o)y%o*+wih 'oad+

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 >OHN MACADAM ROAD

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CATEGORIE HIGHWAY INMALAYSIA

1  TOLL HIGHWAY @L#-*h'aya -#'o"

4 FEDERAL ROAD @>a"a) .#'+#0**a)

3 STATE ROAD @>a"a) )##'i

5 COUNCIL:CITY COUNCIL ROAD @>a"a).#'-a)da'a)

6 RURAL ROAD @>a"a) "*a' -a)da'

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HIGHWAY

A ho"di) !o%.a)y i)!o'.o'a#d i) Ma"ay+ia a+ a

.*-"i! "i+#d !o%.a)y o) 4 >a) 44 a+ a "i+i)(#hi!"# /o' PLUS

PLUS /o'%#'"y 0)ow) a+ HihwayCo)!#++io)ai'#+ Bhd i)!o'.o'a#d o) 4 >UNE

1? Cha)#d )a%# o PLUS o) 13 May 1B#!a%# +*-+idia'y o/ UEM o) 46 May 1

UEM )o(a#d h# E<.'#++way !o)!#++io) o PLUSo) 4 >*"y 1 wih h# 'ih$ "ia-i"ii#+ a)do-"iaio)+

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CORE BUSINESS PLUS

D#+i)$ !o)+'*!io)$ K)a)!i)$ o.#'aio) a)d %ai)#)a)!# o/!#'ai) o"" 'oad+ a)d #<.'#++way+ i) Ma"ay+ia

1 NSE Th# No'hSo*h E<.'#++way /'o% B*0i ay* Hia% o >oho' Bah'*

4 N2E Th# )#w E<.'#++way /'o% B*0i Raa o >a"a) D*a

3 FHR4 Th# Ro*# 4 /'o% Ba* Tia o S*)ai Ra+a*

5 ELITE No'hSo*h E<.'#++way C#)'a" Li)0 /'o% ShahA"a% o Ni"ai

6 SECONDLIN Ta)*) *.a) o T*a+

? PENANG BRIDGE SPDH F'o% S#'#%-a) o Po' Di!0+o)

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 TOLL OPERATION SYSTEM

AN OPEN YTE"

U+#' .ay h# o"" *.o) '#a!hi) a) o.#) o"" ."a=a

Fi<#d o"" /a'#d '#a'd"#++ o/ di+a)!# a)da!!o'di) o (#hi!"# !"a++

? o/ #<.'#++way+ *+# h# o.#) +y+#%

A &'OE# YTE"

U+#'+ !o""#! a i!0# a h# o"" ."a=a *.o) #)'y

a)d .ay *.o) #<i Fa'#+ a'# -a+#d o) di+a)!# 'a(#"#d a)d !"a++ o/

(#hi!"#

5 o/ #<.'#++way+ *+# h# +y+#%

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FEDERAL ROAD @>ALANPERSEUTUAN

F*)!io) 7 o !o))#! %ao' !ii#+ @"i)0+ -#w##) !iy a)d+a#

A"" F#d#'a" Road+ i) Ma"ay+ia a'# *)d#' h# .*'(i#w o/Mi)i+'y o/ Wo'0+ @MOW

A!!o'di) o Mi)i+#'+ F*)!io) A! 1?$ MOW'#+.o)+i-"# o ."a)$ -*i"d a)d %ai)ai) a"" F#d#'a" Road+a=##d *)d#' h# F#d#'a" Road A! 16

How#(#'$ %o+ o/ h# F#d#'a" 'oad+ .'o#!+ wa+ -*i"

a)d %ai)ai)#d -y h# Ma"ay+ia) P*-"i! Wo'0+D#.a'%#) @>R whi!h a'# a"+o o)# o/ h#i%."#%#)i) a#)!y *)d#' h# MOW @wih #<!#.io) o/Sa-ah a)d Sa'awa0$ wh#'#-y >R i) h#+# wo +a#+ i+*)d#' '#+.#!i(# +a# o(#')%#)

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FEDERAL ROAD @>ALANPERSEUTUAN

$!' (ATE)OR! %A'AN NO"$OR %A'AN

1 >a"a) P#'+#0**a) Ua%a 1 45

4 >a"a) P#'+#0**a) FELDA 1 4

3 >a"a) Ma+*0 0# I)+i*+iP#'+#0**a) Ua%a

46 5

5 >a"a) I)d*+'i 3 3

6 L#-*h Raya B#'o" E1 E3

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FEDERAL ROAD @>ALANPERSEUTUAN

La"*a) a"a) 'aya *a%a ya) di-iayai #'aaa)P#'+#0**a) ya) %#)h*-*)0a) a)a'a -a)da'-a)da' *a%a

Piawaia) >R R6 @L#-a' %i)i%*% "o'o) 36 %$ had

"a* '#0a-#)*0 1 0%:  >R R5 @L#-a' %i)i%*% "o'o) 7 346 %$ had "a*

'#0a-#)*0 0%:

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STATE ROAD@SISTEM LALUAN NEGERI MALAYSIA

Ma"ay+ia) +a# 'oad+ a'# h# +#!o)da'y 'oad+ i)Ma"ay+ia

 Th# !o)+'*!io) o/ +a# 'oad+ i) Ma"ay+ia a'#/*)d#d -y Ma"ay+ia) P*-"i! Wo'0+ D#.a'%#) @>R

o/ #a!h +a#+  Th# +a)da'd o/ +a# 'oad+ a'# +i%i"a' wih h#

/#d#'a" 'oad+

 Th# !od# /o' +a# 'oad -#i) wih +a# !od#+/o""ow#d -y 'o*# )*%-#'

Fo' #<a%."# >oho' Sa# Road >34 i+ "a-#"#d a+ >34

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STATE ROAD@SISTEM LALUAN NEGERI MALAYSIA

Di-i)a & di+#"#)a'a >R )##'i

P#'*)*0a) 0#wa)a) #'aaa) N##'i ,P#'+#0**a)

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COUNCIL:CITY COUNCIL ROAD

B'a)!h o/ +a# 'oad

U)d#' "o!a" a*ho'iy *'i+di!io)

Ca) a"+o %ai)ai)#d -y di+'i! >R

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RURAL ROAD

U)d#' h# Di+'i! O8!# *'i+di!io)

Mai)ai)#d -y PWD

B*i" & %ai)ai)#d -y h# di+'i! o8!# *+i)+a# /*)d

Low +a)da'd 'oad d*# o "ow 'a8! (o"*%#

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AGENCIES IN2OL2ED IN HIGHWAYCONSTRUCTION

1 ROAD AND HIGHWAY PLANNING UNIT @UNITPERANCANGAN >ALAN

4 PUBLIC WORS DEPARTMENT @>ABATAN ER>ARAYA >R

3 HIGHWAY COUNCIL MALAYSIA @LEMBAGALEBUH RAYA MALAYSIA LLM

5  TOWN : DISTRICT : LOCAL COUNCIL @MA>LISPERBENDARAAN , MA>LIS DAERAH

6 CITY COUNCIL @DEWAN BANDARAYA

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ROAD AND HIGHWAY PLANNINGUNIT

 To !o)d*! /#a+i-i"iy +*di#+ o d##'%i)# h# .o#)ia"o/ .'o.o+#d 'oad .'o#!+ #!h)i!a""y a)d #!o)o%i!a""y

 To +*dy h# !a.a!iy o/ h# 'oad )#wo'0 +y+#% oa!!o%%oda# !*''#) a)d /**'# 'a8! )##d+

 To !o)d*! 'a8! !#)+*+ a)d +*di#+ o !o""#!i)/o'%aio) a-o* 'o*# o.#'aio) !ha'a!#'i+i!+ a+w#"" a+ oh#' i)/o'%aio) /o' 'oad ."a))i) .*'.o+#+

 To !o""#! a)d a)a"y+# a!!id#) daa o id#)i/ya!!id#).'o)# a'#a+ a)d .'o.o+# '#.ai'%#) %#a+*'#

!o)!#.+

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ROAD AND HIGHWAY PLANNINGUNIT

P#)*%.*"a) %a0"*%a #)a) !i'i!i'i.#'a"a)a) & o.#'a+i "a"*"i)a+ & %#)0ai.#'0#%-a)a) & 0#h#)da0 "a"*"i)a+ .ada %a+ahada.a)

M#)ya*.ad*0a) .#'a)!a)a) a"a) 'aya d#)a).#'a)!aa) *)a a)ah

M#'a)0a .'o'a% a)0a .#)d#0 & a)0a.a)a) -#'a+a+0a) 0#.#'"*a) +#0o' a"a) 'aya

& .#'0#%-a)a) +#0o' #0o)o%i

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PUBLIC WORS DEPARTMENT@>ABATAN ER>A RAYA >R

U)d#' h# Mi)i+'y o/ P*-"i! Wo'0+

PWD i+ '#+.o)+i-"# /o' h# i%."#%#)aio) o/d#(#"o.%#) .'o#!+$ .a'i!*"a'"y h#!o)+'*!io) o/ .*-"i! -*i"di)+$ 'oad+$ /#d#'a"$

+a# 'oad+$ -'id#+ & h# ai'.o' PWD i)(o"(#%#) /'o% h# ."a))i) +a# o

.'o#! !o%."#io) a)d !a''yi) o*%ai)#)a)!# .'o#!+

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PUBLIC WORS DEPARTMENT@>ABATAN ER>A RAYA >R

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