1

The 21st Century Internet:A Planetary Fiber Backbone With Wireless Everywhere

Coronado Roundtable

San Diego, CA

April 23, 2004

Dr. Larry Smarr

Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies

Harry E. Gruber Professor,

Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering

Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

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California’s Institutes for Science and Innovation A Bold Experiment in Collaborative Research

UCSBUCLA

California NanoSystems Institute

UCSF UCB

California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology,

and Quantitative Biomedical Research

UCI

UCSD

California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

Center for Information Technology Research

in the Interest of Society

UCSC

UCDUCM

www.ucop.edu/california-institutes

3

Where is Telecommunications Research Performed?A Historic Shift

Source: Bob Lucky, Telcordia/SAIC

U.S. Industry

Non-U.S. Universities

U.S. Universities

Percent Of The Papers Published IEEE Transactions On Communications

70%

85%

4

Cal-(IT)2--An Integrated Approach the Future of the Internet

www.calit2.net

UC San Diego & UC Irvine FacultyWorking in Multidisciplinary Teams

With Students, Industry, and the Community

5

Two New Cal-(IT)2 Buildings Will be Finished This Year

• Will Create New Laboratory Facilities– Interdisciplinary Teams – Wireless and Optical Networking– Computer Arts Virtual Reality– Clean Rooms for Nanotech and BioMEMS

Bioengineering

UC San Diego

UC Irvine

See www.calit2.net for Live VideoCams

State of California Provided $100M Capital

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San Diego is the Wireless Capital of the World

• There are over 300 Telecom Companies Here• Weekly Meetings of Special Interest Groups• Collaboration Between Council and Universities

www.sdtelecom.org/

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Cal-(IT)2 is Exploring the Implications of George Gilder’s Philosophy

“A global economy designed to waste transistors, power, and silicon area

-and conserve bandwidth above all- is breaking apart and reorganizing itself

to waste bandwidth and conserve power, silicon area, and transistors."

George Gilder Telecosm (2000)

Bandwidth is getting cheaper faster than storage.Storage is getting cheaper faster than computing.

Exponentials are crossing.

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• Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime– Broadband Speeds– Cellular Interoperating with Wi-Fi

• Billions of New Wireless Internet End Points– Information Appliances (Including Cell Phones)– Sensors and Actuators– Embedded Processors

• Backbone Fiber Network– Multiple Wavelengths of Light Per Fiber– Linking Clusters, Storage, Visualization– Massive Distributed Data Sets

Cal-(IT)2 Will “Live in the Future”of the “Always-On” Internet

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Transitioning to the “Always-On” Mobile Internet

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Mobile Internet

Fixed Internet

Subscribers (millions)

Source: Ericsson

Two Modes of Wireless:Wide Area Cellular Internet

Local Access Wi-Fi

10

Using Students to Invent the Futureof Widespread Use of Wireless Devices

• Broadband Internet Connection via Wireless Wi-Fi– Over 600 Access Points on the Campus

• Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment 2001-02– 500 Computer Science & Engineering Undergraduates

• 300 Entering UCSD Sixth College Students—Fall 2002• Experiments with Geo-Location and Interactive Maps

Cal-(IT)2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD; Rajesh Gupta, UCI

UC San Diego

UC Irvine

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Geolocation Will Be an Early New Wireless Internet Application

• Technologies of Geolocation– GPS chips– Access Point Triangulation– Bluetooth Beacons– Gyro chips

Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD

UCSD ActiveCampus – Outdoor Map

12

Only Three Years From Research to Market New Broadband Cellular Internet Technology

• First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet– UCSD Jacobs School Antenna

– Three Years Before Commercial Rollout

• Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble”– Tested on Campus CyberShuttle

• Verizon Introduces in San Diego Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point

www.calit2.net/news/2002/4-2-bbus.html

VerizonRollout

Fall 2003

CyberShuttle March 2002

InstalledDec 2000

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SDSU Santa Margarita Field Station is a SensorNet Living Laboratory

Sensor Networks =

Real-Time Science and Education

Sedra Shapiro, Field Stations Director

Larry Smarr, Cal-(IT)2 Director

Pablo Bryant, FS Technical Lead

Claudia Luke, SMER Manager

Eric Frost, SDSU Prof.

Dan Cayan, SIO Water Sensors

Cal-(IT)2 is Hosting An Environmental Hydrology

Workshop Spring 2004

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Can Use of These Technologies Help Us Avoid the Downsides of Prolonged Growth?

• Add Wireless Sensor Array

• Build GIS Data• Focus on:

– Pollution– Water Cycle– Earthquakes– Bridges– Traffic– Policy

• Work with the Community to Adapt to Growth

HuntingtonBeach

Mission Bay

San Diego Bay

UCSD

UCI

High Tech Coast

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Prevailing wind

Warm zone

Compromised Transportation

Corridor

Hot Zone

Combining These Experiments to Support First Responders

Transportation Assets With Mobile Internet

Bubble

FieldTreatment

Station

Mobile BubblesPatient RF IDs

First Responder PDAsElectronicrecord of field care

Hospital #1

Hospital #2

Stadium

WMD Attack

Transport station

Incidentcommand

center

2-Way TelemedicineControl RoomGPS Tracking

High Bandwidth

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Joint Evaluations

• First Responder Wireless Location Aware Systems For Nuclear, Chemical & Radiologic Attacks– Total NIH Award: $4.1 Million. – Duration 10/03 To 10/06

WIISARD Drill 3/16/04

Leslie Lenert, PIUCSD SOM

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Why Optical NetworksWill Become the 21st Century Driver

Scientific American, January 2001

Number of Years0 1 2 3 4 5

Pe

rfo

rma

nc

e p

er

Do

llar

Sp

en

t

Data Storage(bits per square inch)

(Doubling time 12 Months)

Optical Fiber(bits per second)

(Doubling time 9 Months)

Silicon Computer Chips(Number of Transistors)

(Doubling time 18 Months)

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Metro Optically Linked Visualization WallsAllow for New Levels of Collaborative Analysis

• Driven by SensorNets Data– Real Time Seismic

– Environmental Monitoring

– Distributed Collaboration

– Emergency Response

• Linked UCSD and SDSU– Dedication March 4, 2002

Linking Control Rooms

Cox, Panoram,SAIC, SGI, IBM,

TeraBurst NetworksSD Telecom Council

UCSD SDSU44 Miles of Cox Fiber

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The OptIPuter Team is Building aNational-Scale Collaboratory in 2004

Source: Tom West, CEO, NLR

Chicago OptIPuter

StarLightNU, UIC

SoCalOptIPuter

USC, UCI UCSD, SDSU

NASA Ames

NASA Goddard

NEPTUNE

In Discussion

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OptIPuter Connects Through Chicago toCurrent and Potential International-Scale Partners

Source: Tom DeFanti,

UIC

TheOptIPuter

WasBorn

Global!

StarlightNU, UIC

Univ. of AmsterdamNetherLight

CurrentOptIPuter

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Imagine That Walls Are Transparent Windows Between The Two New Cal-(IT)2 Buildings!

UC Irvine

UC San Diego

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USGS (OptIPuter partner)~350,000x350,000 Pixel Images of 350 US Cities

~ 50TB of Data (Brian Davis)

We are Creating Active Walls with One Hundred Times the Resolution of this PC Screen

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Planning for Optically Linking Crisis Management Control Rooms in California

California Office of Emergency Services, Sacramento, CA

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Homeland Security Has Become a Major Focus for Cal-(IT)2

Source: Jason Leigh, EVL, UIC—Cal-(IT)2 Partner

Augmented Reality

SuperHD StreamingVideo

100-MegaPixelTiled Display

Situation Room Envisioned Two Years From Now