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SUBPARTS V THROUGH Z AND RELATED SAFETY PRACTICES

CHAPTER 11

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OUTLINE Subpart V: Power Transmission and Distribution

Subpart W: Rollover Protective Structures and Overhead Protection

Subpart X: Stairways and Ladders

Subpart Y: Commercial Diving Operations

Subpart Z: Toxic and Hazardous Substances

When Safety is Compromised 2

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SUBPART V: POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION General Requirements

– All line are considered energized unless tested– All lines must be disconnected before work starts– Complete and comprehensive training of workers– Minimum distance based on Voltage

Voltage Range (kV) Minimum distance (ft)

2-15 2

15-35 2.33

35-46 2.5

46-72.5 3

72.5-121 3.5

230-242 5

345-362 7

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SUBPART V: POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION… CONT’D Tools and Equipments

– Proper Insulation and inspection on the handles of tools

– Conductive tools must be kept a safe distance away from source

– Rubber protected/protective equipments should be air-tested to identify holes and weak spots.

– Mechanical equipments must be grounded or barricaded or both

– All materials (cables, utility poles...etc) should be marked, tested before unloading and shall be stored with a safe distance from the energy source. 4

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SUBPART V: POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION… CONT’D Overhead Lines

– When working on overhead lines, poles, and other structures, all working loads shall be calculated and bracing shall be applied whenever needed

Underground Lines– When working underground, warning signs and barriers

should be placed around underground openings– The atmosphere of the underground environment must and

determined to be safe– Before excavating for underground work, potential hazards (

e.g. sewage, cables, gas lines) should be identified and taken into consideration 5

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SUBPART V: POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION… CONT’D

Safety FactA construction Company in Plummer, Minnesota, failed to check for underground hazards before digging and ruptured a crude oil pipeline. Before the pipeline could be repaired more than 200,000 gal of crude oil had leaked into a nearby river. Not only did this cause an environmental nightmare, but the nearby town was evacuated and the company was fined $50,000. 6

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SUBPART W: ROLLOVER PROTECTION STRUCTURES AND OVERHEAD PROTECTION All material handling equipments

(scraper, dozers…etc) must have proper rollover protection – if manufactured after 1972- or by retrofitting if manufactured before this date

ROPs must be designed to withstand at least twice the weight of the equipment at the point of impact. 7

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SUBPART X: STAIRWAYS AND LADDERS Requirement: the 19 inches rule Spiral staircases are not allowed unless the staircase is a

permanent part of the construction Construction staircase requirements:

– Landings must be at least 30 in wide x 22 in deep at every 12 ft of vertical height

– Slope angle should run between 30 to 50 degrees– Risers/tread heights and widths must be uniform within ¼ of an

inch– Handrails must be provided along all unprotected sides that rise

more than 30 in or four or more risers (whichever is less) and shall withstand a force of 200lb applied within 2 in of the top of the rail8

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SUBPART X: STAIRWAYS AND LADDERS… CONT’D Ladders

– Most of the ladders requirements are the manufacturer requirements. From the construction end, requirements can be categorized as load capacity requirements and safety practices

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Type Grade Load Capacity

I Industrial 250 lb

IA Extra heavy duty industrial

300 lb

II Commercial 225 lb

III household 200 lb

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SUBPART X: STAIRWAYS AND LADDERS… CONT’D Ladders and Training

All workers using ladders must be trained to:– Identify fall hazards relating to stairs and ladders

– Erect, maintain, disassemble fall protection systems

– Safe construction, placement, use, and care of stairs and ladders

– Maximum load capacity of ladders and ladders specs

– Aware of the contents of 29 CFR 1962, subpart X10

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SUBPART Y: COMMERCIAL DIVING OPERATIONS General Requirements

Personnel Requirements– Proper operations and

maintenance of tools, equipments, and systems used in diving

– Proper diving techniques

– Emergency procedures related to diving operations

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SUBPART Y: COMMERCIAL DIVING OPERATIONS… CONT’D

Employer RequirementsEnsures all of the diving

team members have been trained on

– First aid precautions by the American Red Cross or equivalent trainer

– Physiological aspects of working in such conditions

– The specifically assign task for each individual

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SUBPART Y: COMMERCIAL DIVING OPERATIONS… CONT’D Safe Diving Procedures Manual

It is required by law for the employer to distribute for all the diving team safe diving procedures manual that includes the following information beyond the actual OSHA 29 CFR 1926 subpart Y:

1.Safety procedures and corresponding checklists for diving operations

2.Assignments and responsibility of all the diving team

3.Equipments procedures and corresponding checklist

4.Emergency procedures for all predictable problems and hazards

5.Evacuation plan for unpredictable problems 13

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SUBPART Z: TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OSHA requires before starting any construction job to

answer the following questions about any hazardous chemical in the job site:– What is the chemical present? What is the phase?– Possible routes of entry into the body– What is the hazard associated with each route of entry?– How can the hazard be detected?– PEL and REL values associated with the hazards– What is the IDLH and TLV values for the hazard– Exposure control unit is required? What type?– What type of training should workers have? 14

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SUBPART Z: TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES…CONT’D

Safety Fact

Removing Asbestos is one of the most challenging renovation and demolition jobs. OSHA standards and comprehensive, specific, and uncompromisable.

A company in Hasting, NY cut few corners during the process of removing Asbestos. Its owner was sentenced to 37 months in prison and 3 years of supervised probation. He was fined $5,000 personally and $55,000 to his company.

The company now is out of business.

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When Safety is Compromised!

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