1. Seasons in Alaska are primarily caused by which factor as Earthrevolves around the Sun?

A. the tilt of Earth on its axis

B. the rate of rotation of Earth

C. the effects of solar fl are activity

D. the relative distance between Earth and the Sun

2. Which statement correctly describes why there are fewer than 24 hoursof daylight in Alaska during each day in April?

A. Earth’s rotation slows during the day.

B. Earth’s rotation slows during the night.

C. Earth’s rotation causes both day and night.

D. Earth’s tilt on its axis causes both day and night.

3. Which location on Earth receives the most direct sunlight?

A. the deserts B. the South Pole

C. the equator D. the Western Hemisphere

4. Study the diagram below.

Which of these identifies what someone on Earth could see when the Earth and Moon are in thepositions shown in the drawing?

A. a solar eclipse B. a lunar eclipse C. a quarter moon D. a full moon

5.

The Earth is tilted 23 12 degrees on its axis. The direction of the Earth’s tilt does not change

throughout its orbit.

At which position of Earth is it summer in the northern hemisphere?

A. W B. X C. Y D. Z

6. How long would a complete day (day and night) on Earth be if it didnot spin on its axis?

A. 24 hours B. 1 month C. 3 months D. 1 year

7. The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the .

A. speed of the Earth’s revolution

B. speed of the Earth’s rotation

C. shape of the Earth’s orbit relative to the sun

D. tilt of the Earth’s axis relative to the sun

8. Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?

A. The Moon revolves around the Earth once a month.

B. The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.

C. The Moon revolves around the Sun once a month.

D. The Moon does not rotate on its axis.

9. Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?

A. Tides B. Days and nights

C. Spring and fall D. Rainfall

10. Explain why the Moon appears to be shining when viewed from Earthat night. You may use labeled drawings as part of your answer.

11. What causes day and night?

A. The tilt of Earth’s axis

B. The rotation of Earth on its axis

C. Earth going around the sun

D. Earth going around the moon

12. The Earth, moon and sun have regular and predictable motions.

Which pair of models shows a correct comparison of the motions of these objects?

A. Is longer than

B. Is longer than

C. Is longer than

D. Is longer than

13. Which diagram shows the Earth-moon-sun system arranged to cause a total solar eclipse?

A. B.

C. D.

14. The temperature in Kentucky during the winter is usually colder thanit is during the summer because, during winter,

A. the sun emits less energy.

B. Earth is farther away from the sun.

C. the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun.

D. Earth is traveling faster in its orbit around the sun.

15. When you are getting up to go to school in Louisiana, a student onthe other side of Earth is getting ready for bed. What is the reasonfor this?

A. Earth revolves around the Sun.

B. Earth rotates on its axis.

C. The Sun rotates on its axis.

D. The Moon revolves around Earth.

16. How long does it take Earth to spin around on its axis one time?

A. a day B. a week C. a month D. a year

17. Which object in the sky is a satellite of the planet Earth?

A. Sun B. Moon C. Mars D. Saturn

18. Why do the Sun and Moon appear to move across the sky?

A. The rotation of the solar system makes the Sun and Moon seemto move.

B. The rotation of Earth makes the Sun and Moon seem to move.

C. The Sun and Moon revolve around Earth.

D. Earth revolves around the Sun and the Moon.

19. The diagram below represents Earth’s orbit around the Sun.

About how long does it take Earth to make one complete orbit around the Sun?

A. 24 hours B. 7 days C. 1 month D. 1 year

20. A student observed the shape of the Moon once every 7 days during the month ofJune. Which of the following sets of drawings shows how the Moon’s shape couldhave changed during the month of June?

A.

B.

C.

D.

21. A student made the drawing below to show the order of severalphases of the Moon. One of the phases is missing.

Which of the following pictures shows the phase of the Moon that ismissing from the drawing?

A. B. C. D.

22. A student observed the Moon on a Tuesday. She drew a picture of itsshape in her journal, as shown below.

Approximately how long will the student have to wait before she cansee the Moon with this same shape and position again?

A. 7 days B. 14 days C. 28 days D. 365 days

23. Which of the following diagrams best shows the relative positions of Earth, the Moon, and the Sun during alunar eclipse?

A. B.

C. D.

24. The diagram below shows the relative positions of Earth and the Moon and rays of sunlight.

Based on the diagram, which of the following best represents how the Moon would appear asseen from Earth?

A. B. C. D.

25. The diagram below shows the relative positions of Earth and the Sunat a certain time of year.

Based on the diagram, which season is occurring in the SouthernHemisphere of Earth?

A. winter B. spring C. summer D. fall

26. Which of the following sets of pictures shows the phases of the Moon in the order they would be observed?

A.

B.

C.

D.

27. Use the information below to answer the following questoin(s).

Students visited the Morris W. Off it telescope located at the Maryland SpaceGrant Observatory in Baltimore. They learned about the stars, planets, and moon.

The students recorded the information below.

• Star patterns stay the same, but their locations in the sky seem to change.

• The sun, planets, and moon appear to move in the sky.

• Proxima Centauri is the nearest star to our solar system.

• Polaris is a star that is part of a pattern of stars called the Little Dipper.

Which statement best explains why the sun appears to move across the sky eachday?

A. The sun revolves around Earth. B. Earth rotates around the sun.

C. The sun revolves on its axis. D. Earth rotates on its axis.

28. A new moon, as viewed from Earth, is diagrammed below.

New Moon

Which statement best describes how a new moon occurs?

A. Earth receives no sunlight.

B. The moon receives no sunlight.

C. Earth is between the moon and the sun.

D. The moon is between Earth and the sun.

29. The diagram below shows the moon in one of its crescent phases.

Which statement best explains the cause of the phases of the moon?

A. The sun hides part of the surface of the moon.

B. The sun, the moon, and Earth are in a straight line in space.

C. Only part of the illuminated moon is visible from Earth.

D. Only the light from the back side of the sun is reflected by the moon.

30. The period of rotation for each planet in our solar system is different.

The period of rotation for Earth is

A. 24 hours B. 28 days C. 13 weeks D. 1 year

31. Use the information below to answer the following question(s).

The diagram below represents the relationship among Earth, the sun, and the moon.

According to the diagram, the rays from the sun are striking the Northern Hemisphere.

What season does this represent in the Northern Hemisphere?

A. fall B. spring C. summer D. winter

32. Which statement best describes the orbit of Earth around the sun?

A. Earth’s orbit is elliptical.

B. Earth’s orbit is irregularly-shaped.

C. Earth’s orbit takes about 30 days to complete.

D. Earth’s orbit takes about 24 hours to complete.

33. Which object does Earth move around once each year?

A. the Sun B. the Moon

C. the North Star D. the constellations

34. The Moon causes which of the following on Earth?

A. exploding volcanoes B. high and low tides

C. changing weather patterns D. high and low temperatures

35. Which sentence explains why we see the phases of the Moon?

A. The Moon is a large planet.

B. The Moon revolves around Earth.

C. The Moon is covered with many craters.

D. The Moon revolves around the Sun.

36. Where does the energy that heats most of Earth’s surface come from?

A. melted rock in the center of Earth

B. hot rocks from new volcanoes

C. sunlight entering Earth’s atmosphere

D. plants making food energy for animals

37. How many times does Earth rotate on its axis in one day?

A. once B. twice C. 24 times D. 365 times

38. Which gravitational pull has the greatest influence on Earth’s tides?

A. the gravitational pull between Earth and the Moon

B. the gravitational pull between Earth and the Sun

C. the gravitational pull between Earth and Jupiter

D. the gravitational pull between Earth and Mars

39. Which evidence best helped people to accept the idea that Earth isround, not flat?

A. A convincing model of a round Earth was distributed to thepeople.

B. People had sailed completely around Earth.

C. People had accepted the theory that Earth revolved around theSun.

D. Some people never returned from sailing expeditions.

40. Earth’s magnetic field most affects which of the following?

A. the rotation of Earth on its axis

B. the water cycle on Earth

C. the movement of Earth’s tectonic plates

D. the amount of radiation reaching Earth’s surface

41. The picture below shows the phases of the Moon.

Which phase of the Moon cannot be seen from Earth?

A. Full Moon B. 1st Quarter C. New Moon D. 3rd Quarter

42. The picture below shows the position of Earth as it orbits the Sun.

At which point will Earth be six months after it reaches point A?

A. A B. B C. C D. D

43. Kim observed that the moon on November 4 was in the waxingcrescent phase.

Which phase of the moon will Kim observe on November 18?

A. Full moon B. Last quarter

C. Waxing gibbous D. Waning gibbous

44. The diagram shows the relative positions of Earth and the Sun for each of the four seasons. Because Earth travels in an ellipticalorbit, it is about two million miles closer to the Sun in the winter than in the summer.

If Earth is closer to the Sun in winter, why is Mississippi colder in the winter than in other seasons?

A. The Sun releases less energy in the winter.

B. The Eastern Hemisphere faces the Sun during the winter.

C. The Moon is between the Sun and Earth during the winter.

D. The Northern Hemisphere is pointed away from the Sun in the winter.

45. Early scientists kept track of the changes they saw in the Moon bydrawing pictures of how the Moon appeared in the night sky. Thepicture below shows how these early drawings of the Moon looked.

Row 1

Row 2

Row 3

Row 4

Which row in the picture shows the new moon?

A. Row 1 B. Row 2 C. Row 3 D. Row 4

46. The picture below shows the positions of Earth, the Moon, and theSun.

What is the phase of the Moon in this picture?

A. Full B. New C. Quarter D. Crescent

47. The diagrams below show the tilt of a planet’s axis relative to a star it is orbiting. This planethas an orbit that is similar to Earth’s. In which diagram does the planet have no seasons?

A. B.

C. D.

48. How many full moon phases occur over a period of 28 days?

A. 1 B. 6 C. 14 D. 28

49. Tasha is studying polar and tropical climates on Earth. She learned the following:

• Tropical climates: Summer and winter temperatures are similar.

• Polar climates: Summer temperature is much higher than wintertemperature.

Tasha wonders why the tropical climate has the same temperature year round, butthe polar climate temperature differs greatly.

Which of these explains the reason for this difference?

A. More clouds block direct sunlight from reaching the polar surface during thewinter months.

B. Most regions with subtropical climates are located near large bodies of waterthat make the climate more even.

C. The subtropical regions have longer days and shorter nights than polarregions, so they receive more solar energy.

D. The axis of Earth causes the polar regions to be tilted either toward or awayfrom direct sunlight, depending on the time of year.

50. The following diagrams show the axis of Earth at its present 23◦ angle and at aperpendicular axis of 0◦ .

Earth with Axis at 23◦ Angle Earth with Axis at 0◦ Angle

How would seasons be affected if Earth’s axis were at a 0◦ angle?

A. Earth would have no seasons.

B. Seasonal variation would decrease at the poles.

C. Seasonal variation would increase at the equator.

D. Earth would have two seasons instead of four seasons.

51. Why does the moon appear to change during the month?

A. because the clouds in the sky hide the moon from Earth

B. because the sun blocks the moon from Earth

C. because the moon moves farther away from Earth

D. because the moon reflects sunlight as it rotates around Earth

52. Which best explains why the moon has phases?

A. The moon’s position changes in relation to the sun and Earth.

B. The sun’s position changes in relation to the moon and Earth.

C. The Earth casts a shadow on the moon as it rotates.

D. The moon rotates along its axis.

53. Which factor makes Earth different from all the other planets in thesolar system in its ability to support life?

A. The Earth is exposed to rays from the sun.

B. The Earth has only one moon that orbits around it.

C. The Earth rotates in an elliptical orbit around the sun.

D. The Earth has a breathable atmosphere.

54. Which of these best shows the position of the summer sun at noontime in New Jersey?

A. B.

C. D.

55.

What phase of the Moon will come next in the sequence shown above?

A. B. C. D.

56.

The picture shows the earth spinning on its axis. What would happen if the earthspun faster?

A. Days would be hotter.

B. Days would be less than 24 hours long.

C. Days would be colder.

D. Days would be longer than 24 hours long.

57. If the Moon did not rotate at the same rate that it revolved, which ofthe following would be true?

A. There would be no more tides.

B. We would no longer see eclipses.

C. The cycle of the Moon’s phases would repeat faster.

D. We would be able to see all sides of the Moon.

58. The picture below shows the appearance of the moon that a student observed on a clear night.

Which phase of the moon could the student observe three nights later?

A. B. C. D.

59. The diagram below shows the relative positions of Earth, the moon, and the sun.

Which phase of the moon can be observed from Earth when these bodies arepositioned in this way?

A. full moon B. new moon

C. first quarter D. waxing gibbous

60. Which diagram correctly shows the orbits of Earth (E) and the moon (M) around the sun (S)?

A. B.

C. D.

61. The picture shows how the Sun appeared to change position during a day. A shadow from a flagpole and flag isalso shown.

Which position of the Sun most likely caused the shadow shown in the picture?

A. position 1 B. position 2 C. position 3 D. position 4

62. Which statement describes how the sun appears to move in the sky asobserved each day?

A. The sun sets in the north in the evening.

B. The sun rises in the east in the morning.

C. The sun sets in the east in the evening.

D. The sun rises in the south in the morning.

63. The picture below shows the appearance of the moon that a student observed on a clear night.

Which phase of the moon could the student observe three nights later?

A. B. C. D.

64. Which statement best describes Earth’s movement in relation to thesun?

A. The sun goes around the Earth.

B. The sun and Earth go around each other.

C. The Earth goes around the sun.

D. The sun and Earth go around other planets.

65. Which example requires one Earth year to complete?

A. Earth rotating once on its axis

B. Earth revolving once around the Sun

C. the Sun rotating once on its axis

D. the Sun revolving once around Earth

Problem-Attic format version 4.4.218c_ 2011–2014 EducAide Software

Licensed for use by James BradyTerms of Use at www.problem-attic.com

Moon Phases 03/18/2015

1.Answer: A

2.Answer: C

3.Answer: C

4.Answer:

5.Answer: B

6.Answer: D

7.Answer: D

8.Answer: A

9.Answer: B

10.Answer: Student explains that the Moon reflects

light from the Sun and the brightness ofthe Sun during the day prohibits clearvisibility of the Moon.

11.Answer: B

12.Answer: A

13.Answer: D

14.Answer: C

15.Answer: B

16.Answer: A

17.Answer: B

18.Answer: B

19.Answer: D

20.Answer: A

21.Answer: A

22.Answer: C

23.Answer: C

24.Answer: B

25.Answer: C

26.Answer: B

27.Answer: D

28.Answer: D

29.Answer: D

30.Answer: A

31.Answer: C

32.Answer: A

33.Answer: A

34.Answer: B

35.Answer: B

36.Answer: C

37.Answer: A

38.Answer: A

39.Answer: B

Teacher’s Key Page 2

40.Answer: D

41.Answer: C

42.Answer: C

43.Answer: D

44.Answer: D

45.Answer: D

46.Answer: B

47.Answer: C

48.Answer: A

49.Answer: D

50.Answer: A

51.Answer: D

52.Answer: A

53.Answer: D

54.Answer: C

55.Answer: A

56.Answer: B

57.Answer: D

58.Answer: C

59.Answer: A

60.Answer: A

61.Answer: D

62.Answer: B

63.Answer: C

64.Answer: C

65.Answer: B