1 presentation HR 316 Reproductive Endocrinology Applications Manipulation (past, present, future)...
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Transcript of 1 presentation HR 316 Reproductive Endocrinology Applications Manipulation (past, present, future)...
1 presentation
HR 316 Reproductive Endocrinology HR 316 Reproductive Endocrinology ApplicationsApplications
Manipulation (past, present, future) Manipulation (past, present, future)
Reproductive hormones: steroidsReproductive hormones: steroids
MeasurementMeasurement principles principles
2 presentation
• HistoryHistoryCastration (first endocrine experiment?)Castration (first endocrine experiment?)
Male; female?Male; female?
Aphrodisiacs; AnaphrodisiacsAphrodisiacs; Anaphrodisiacs
IUCD, stonesIUCD, stones
• Reasons; modifyReasons; modifyBehaviourBehaviour
FertilityFertility
Fertility and behaviour (vasectomy invention)Fertility and behaviour (vasectomy invention)
3 presentation
• ContraceptionContraceptionThe pill, now pillsThe pill, now pills
Skin patchesSkin patches
Nasal sprayNasal spray
ImplantsImplants
Intrauterine and intravaginal applicationsIntrauterine and intravaginal applications
• Female vs Male applicationsFemale vs Male applicationsFemale major focus, why?Female major focus, why?
Male getting some interestMale getting some interest
4 presentation
• ConceptionConceptionFemaleFemale
Activate cyclic activityActivate cyclic activityControl and time cyclic activityControl and time cyclic activityManipulate ovulation rateManipulate ovulation rateImprove uterine environmentImprove uterine environmentBirth processBirth process
MaleMaleGamete production and maturationGamete production and maturationLibido and erectile functionLibido and erectile function
5 presentation
• Non reproductive reasons?Non reproductive reasons?Muscle; strength, endurance, behaviour, meat?Muscle; strength, endurance, behaviour, meat?
Behaviour, libido modification, general, moodsBehaviour, libido modification, general, moods
Secondary sex characteristicsSecondary sex characteristics
Hair loss?Hair loss?
AcneAcne
Gender modificationGender modification
6 presentation
• Rejuvenation? Rejuvenation? (slave to infantile drives?)(slave to infantile drives?)
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
• FemaleFemale
• MaleMale
7 presentation
• Health and DiseaseHealth and DiseaseHormone linked cancers and ‘growths’Hormone linked cancers and ‘growths’
‘‘Correction’ of amenorrhoeaCorrection’ of amenorrhoeamenstrual cycle irregularities (young girl)menstrual cycle irregularities (young girl)
Reproductive diseasesReproductive diseasesPCOPCO
Endometriosis Endometriosis Undescended testiclesUndescended testicles
8 presentation
• FutureFuture
• Post menopausal pregnanciesPost menopausal pregnancies
• Male pregnancyMale pregnancy
• Population control at state or world level?Population control at state or world level?
Target specific points of the hormone production-Target specific points of the hormone production-action pathway! This will provide new action pathway! This will provide new approaches to all of the above!approaches to all of the above!
9 presentation
10 presentation
Population endocrinologyPopulation endocrinology• Hormones govern many life processesHormones govern many life processes
• Hormones are affected by many life eventsHormones are affected by many life events
• They may explain or condition human variationThey may explain or condition human variation
• Quality of life; well-beingQuality of life; well-being
• FertilityFertility
• Blood Blood • UrineUrine• SalivaSaliva
• Tears Tears
• SweatSweat
• FaecesFaeces
• BreathBreath
• DandruffDandruff
11 presentation
• Well-being and stress:Well-being and stress:Mental: psychometric testsMental: psychometric testsPhysical: growth, healthPhysical: growth, healthPhysiological: eg; blood pressure Physiological: eg; blood pressure Hormone profilesHormone profiles
• Fertility:Fertility:Viable offspringViable offspringIndices: sperm counts, menstrual activityIndices: sperm counts, menstrual activityHormone profilesHormone profiles
12 presentation
Hormones commonly measuredHormones commonly measured
• Catecholamines: Catecholamines: adrenaline; arousaladrenaline; arousalnoradrenaline; activitynoradrenaline; activity
• Cortisol: chronic stressCortisol: chronic stress
StressStress
FertilityFertility • Testosterone; machoTestosterone; macho
• Estrogen; gadflyEstrogen; gadfly
• Progesterone; for Progesterone; for gestation gestation
13 presentation
Cortisol and human biologyCortisol and human biology
• Index of stressIndex of stress
• Effector of chronic stress diseasesEffector of chronic stress diseases
• HomeostasisHomeostasis
• Interaction with reproductionInteraction with reproduction
14 presentation
Testosterone and human biologyTestosterone and human biology
• General health indexGeneral health index
• FertilityFertility
• Pain index?Pain index?
• Euphoria, depressionEuphoria, depression
• Sexual stimulationSexual stimulation
• Longevity (- 6 years)Longevity (- 6 years)
15 presentation
Estrogen and human biologyEstrogen and human biology
• General health index General health index
• FertilityFertility
• OsteoporosisOsteoporosis
• Cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular disease
• Hormone replacement therapy; HRTHormone replacement therapy; HRT
• Breast cancerBreast cancer
• Sports performanceSports performance
16 presentation
Progesterone and human biologyProgesterone and human biology
• General health indexGeneral health index
• FertilityFertility
• OsteoporosisOsteoporosis
• Cardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular diseases
• Hormone replacement therapy; HRTHormone replacement therapy; HRT
• Sports performanceSports performance
17 presentation
BiologyBiology
sourcesource transporttransport targettarget
clearanceclearance
productionproductioneffecteffect
blood blood concentrationconcentration
18 presentation
• SourceSourceEndogenous control; feedback mechanisms; HPG axisEndogenous control; feedback mechanisms; HPG axisExogenous source, synthetic hormonesExogenous source, synthetic hormones
• Transport and MetabolismTransport and MetabolismEntry to blood, blood flow and carriage, exit from blood, free/boundEntry to blood, blood flow and carriage, exit from blood, free/boundMetabolism; deactivation, activation. Metabolic clearance rateMetabolism; deactivation, activation. Metabolic clearance rateBlood concentration = production/metabolic clearance rateBlood concentration = production/metabolic clearance rate
• TargetTargetTransport from blood to cellTransport from blood to cellCell receptors; blockersCell receptors; blockersLocal metabolism; activation-deactivationLocal metabolism; activation-deactivationCellular responseCellular response
19 presentation
estrogen
estrogen
progesterone
progesterone
follicularfollicular lutealluteal
1 14 28
FSHFSH
pituitarypituitary
hypothalamushypothalamus
LHLH- ve - ve
+ ve
StressStressNutritionNutrition Psychosocial ?Psychosocial ?
20 presentation
SpermatogenesisSpermatogenesis testosteronetestosterone
FSHFSH
pituitarypituitary
hypothalamushypothalamus
LHLH- ve - ve
StressStressNutritionNutrition Psychosocial ?Psychosocial ?
inhibininhibin
21 presentation
Testis; testosteroneTestis; testosterone
testistestis bloodblood hairhair
liverliverkidneys kidneys
blood blood concentrationconcentration urineurine
salivasaliva
22 presentation
bound ~ 97%bound ~ 97%sourcesource
free ~ 3%free ~ 3%
salivasalivaurineurine
targettarget
bloodblood
metabolisedmetabolised
23 presentation
productionproduction rate rate
urineurine
clearance rateclearance rate
blood concentration =blood concentration = production rate / clearance rateproduction rate / clearance rate
24 presentation15 presentation
Measurement logicMeasurement logic
brainbrain targettargetadrenaladrenalcortexcortex
pituitarypituitary hypo-hypo-thalamusthalamus
salivasalivaurineurine bloodblood