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1 Part 2: Introduction to NIRx Hardware and Software

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NIRS SOFTWARE BASICS 2

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NIRx Software NIRStar Instrument-Control Software nirsLAB Topographic Analysis Software NAVI Tomographic Imaging Software

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NIRStar Software Instrument Control & Recording Open license BCI/Neurofeedback Real-time cortical viewing Real-time data streams Real-time block averages Hyperscanning Optode position registration NIRStar realtime cortical activation viewing.

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NIRSTAR CHANNEL SETUP 5 Sources used in measurement Steps used per full scan Detectors used in measurement Scans per sec. (sampling rate/ temporal resolution) Illumination pattern of sources firing per scan The NIRStar Channel Setup gives users the chance to precisely define an illumination pattern: the time- multiplexing order which the sources illuminate in one full scan

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NIRSTAR TOPO LAYOUT 6 The topolayout gives a simple 2D representation of the montage layout, facilitating easy viewing of channel activity. Numbering is issued with sources listed first, then detectors (e.g., 1-2 is source #1 paired with detector #2, etc.)

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NIRSTAR PROBE SETUP ULTILITY 7 The probe setup utility gives a 3D representation for the channel activation.

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NIRStar Realtime Block Averages

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NIRStar Realtime Data Streams

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NIRStar Realtime BCI/SDK

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NIRx Product Overview Software Topographic Analysis nirsLAB Open licensed Sophisticated topographic data analysis Detailed cortical views with activation maps Flexible options for data manipulation (spike removal, filtering, etc.) SPM1 and SPM2 (group-level) analysis

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Software nirsLAB - Topographic Analysis

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NIRx Product Overview Software nirsLAB - Topographic Analysis SPM results shown right for right-leg balance. The results can be viewed in multiple images, with or without probe and standard EEG locations. Probes are shown in red (sources) and yellow (detectors). Right: 2D layout

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NIRx Product Overview Software nirsLAB - Topographic Analysis SPM results shown right for right-leg balance. 3D layout

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NIRx Product Overview Software nirsLAB - Topographic Analysis SPM results shown right for right-leg balance. High-resolution brain with glass head layout

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NIRx Product Overview Software nirsLAB - Topographic Analysis SPM results shown right for right-leg balance. MNI brain with glass head layout

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NIRx Product Overview Software nirsLAB - Topographic Analysis In addition to SPM1 and SPM2, nirsLAB allows block average viewing at any given relative time (to the event onset time = 0), including full animations.

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NIRx Product Overview Software Tomographic Analysis NAVI Open licensed Sophisticated tomographic data analysis Source analysis from from discrimination Flexible options for data manipulation (spike removal, filtering, etc.) Detailed cortical views with activation maps

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NIRx Product Overview NAVI Tomographic Analysis fNIRS activation on MR scans

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NAVI Analysis Software

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NIRS HARDWARE OVERVIEW 21

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fNIRS Hardware Overview Calibration Phantom for testing and setting proper gain settings for detectors (and sources, in some cases) Probes (optodes) for sending (sources) and receiving (detectors) light. Note: sources may be LED or Laser, depending on the system and application. detector(LED) source

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fNIRS Hardware Overview Amplifier this unit both powers the sources and detectors. It also digitizes the detector signal. Also, in some cases, sends and receives TTL trigger pulses Headgear Retains probes for steady and orthogonal placement against skin.

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NIRX HARDWARE: SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS 24

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NIRx Development 2000 2004 2012 Hyperscanning Mobile Studies 2013

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NIRx Hardware Headgear = NIRScap Systems = NIRS Imaging Systems -NIRSport -NIRScout and NIRScout Extended

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NIRScap - Headgear Concept 27 Conforming cap: - free configurations - multi-modal - Comfortable Optodes: - low profile - variety of solutions - organized cables Retaining layer: - outer cap compression - adjustable shape - whole head

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NIRScap - Subject Preparation 28

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Optodes 29 Optode Placement LED Illuminator (2-Wavelength -> 760nm & 850nm Fiber optic Detectors

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Applying the retaining cap 30

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INSTRUMENT ACCESSORIES 31

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Fiber support arm The fiber support arm system is highly-flexible and relieves cable tension on optodes, increasing comfort and maintaining data quality.

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Fiber support arm - adjustments 33

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Static test phantom 34 All NIRx systems use the NIRx static phantom for automated procedures that ensure that the system and its components are working properly. The black case (shown above) provides a dark environment for testing detector and source performance.

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NIRx SYSTEMS 35

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Technical basis of instrumentation CW measurement (DC Intensity changes) Most economic, compact, robust technology Adequate for hemodynamic activation measures Scalable modularity from 8-64 detector ch., & 8-128 source ch. Simultaneous wavelength illumination Frequency modulated 760nm (1.0kHz) & 850nm (1.3KHz) -> Hb/HbO (more, other WL custom options) Oxy and deoxy => strength over fMRI (only deoxy) Source switching Time- Multiplexing Dynamic measuremement (no competing sources) Scan rate typically 4-15Hz (62.5Hz max.) 36

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Source-Switiching/Time-multiplexing 37

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Setup capabilities 38

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Tandem mode Two identical instruments (any model) Channel number doubled Integration in software, seamless operation as one instrument 39 NIRSport Tandem Setup (pictured left) for 16-source and 16- detector measurements NIRScout Extended Tandem Setup (pictured right) for a maximum of 128-source and 64-detector measurements

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NIRx Product Overview NIRSport 8-8 and NIRSport 16-16 Tandem Portable/Wearable System

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NIRSport Mobile NIRS System Ideal for: - Mobile or movement- based studies - Studies requiring extremely lightweight headgear - Child - ASD -8 Active LED sources -8 Active Detectors -6-hour battery -Runs on power as well -Can be used in Tandem for 16/16 measurements

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NIRScout High-Density NIRS System - Up to 64 sources and 32 detectors -8-bit trigger input and output -Options for Hybrid LED/Laser sources -Can have as few as 8 sources and 4 detectors -Can be used in tandem operation for doubling sources and detectors on a single subject

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NIRScout High-Density NIRS System Ideal for: -full-head monitoring -high-density/maximum spatial resolution recordings -Hyperscanning -Multi-modal studies -Animal studies

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44 EMG Brain stimulation (TMS, etc.) EEG Direct, programmable digital (TTL) control of other systems NIRScout Extended 8-bit Trigger OUTPUT

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LED/Laser Hybrid System Lasers capable of 4-wavelength measurements Use of new port (shown here) allows choice of either LED or Laser sources NIRScout High-Density NIRS System

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LED/Laser Hybrid System Lasers capable of 4-wavelength measurements Standard set: 685nm 780nm 808nm 830nm NIRScout High-Density NIRS System

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Comprehensive: - Wearable Large-scale/High-density - Wide range of accessories Scalable: - Upgradeable, Tandem Mode - Hyperscanning Integrated: - Experimental control (Trigger I/O) - Single cross-platform control software - Multi-modal ready (EEG, fMRI, TMS, ) 47 NIRS Instrumentation Highlights

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Thanks!... Questions? 48