UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE...
-
Upload
jade-jennings -
Category
Documents
-
view
232 -
download
0
Transcript of UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE...
![Page 1: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
MODULE 2 : Part 1INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE
![Page 2: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Module Objectives
At the end of the module, students should be able to:
– identify the terms and concept related to computer
hardware and software
– identify the five basic unit of a computer
– identify the two types of computer software
– explain the differences between application software and
system software
![Page 3: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Hardware Vs. Software ???
• Hardware - the physical parts or components of a computer that we can actually touch, like disks, disk drives, monitor, keyboards, printers, boards, and chips.
• Software - untouchable. Software exists as ideas, concepts, and symbols, but it has no substance.
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/H/hardware.html
![Page 4: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Hardware Vs. Software ???
• Books provide a useful analogy. • The pages and the ink are the hardware,
while the words, sentences, paragraphs, and the overall meaning are the software.
• A computer without software is like a book full of blank pages – you need software to make the computer useful
just as you need words to make a book meaningful
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/H/hardware.html
![Page 5: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Basic Unit of a Computer
![Page 6: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Basic Unit of a Computer
1. Input Unit• consist of hardware used to enter data and
instructions• “Receiving” section of computer• Obtains data from input devices– Usually a keyboard, mouse, disk or scanner
• Places data at disposal of other units
![Page 7: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Basic Unit of a Computer
2. System Unit• Case containing electronic components used to
process data
![Page 8: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Basic Unit of a Computer
• There are 2 main components on a motherboard:
![Page 9: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
System Unit
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
also called a processor electronic component that
interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer
• MEMORY (RAM) electronic component that
store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions
Retains info that has already been processed until can be sent to output unit
Often called memory, primary memory, or random access memory (RAM)
![Page 10: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Basic Unit of A Computer
3. Output Unit• Hardware that conveys information to one or more
user• “Shipping” section of computer• Puts processed data/info on various output devices – Monitor (screens), printers, projector, speakers• Makes info available outside the computer
![Page 11: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Basic Unit of a Computer
• Storage Media - physical material on
which a computer keeps data, instructions & information
• Storage Device - computer hardware that
records an/or retrieves items to and from storage media.
4. Storage Unit• Holds data, instructions, and information for future
use.
![Page 12: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Storage Unit
• Storage DeviceCard readerCD-ROM Drive/
DVD-ROM Drivehard diskExternal/removable
hard diskUSB flash drive
• Storage Mediamemory cardOptical Disc
(CD-ROM/DVD-ROM )hard diskUSB flash driveSmart cardCloud storage
![Page 13: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Basic Unit of a Computer
5. Communication Unit• hardware component that enables a computer
to send (transmit) and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers.
• E.g.: modem
(digital modem-cable, isdn, wireless modem, wireless access points)
![Page 14: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Basic Computer Hardware
![Page 15: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
http://www.canr.msu.edu/vanburen/techindx.htm
Inside the computer…
![Page 16: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Series of instructions or programs that process data • Two types :
– System software• Used mainly by the computer
– Application software• Used only by the user
• The purpose of software is to cause a task, process, or computation to be performed.
• A task can include the retrieval, storage, or display of information.
• A computer system requires software to make the best use of its capabilities and to solve problems
What is Software?
![Page 17: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Enables application software to interact with computer hardware
• A “Background” software manage internal computer resources and coordinate the application software requests with computer hardware without user interaction
• Operating system software• Most important system software• Executes application software• Stores data and programs• manages all the overall operation of the computer system• I.e. Eg. Window XP, Windows 7, Linux, UNIX, Sun
Solaris, Mac OS X Mavericks
What is System Software?
![Page 18: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Windows platform (XP, Vista, 7, 8) is currently the dominating OS for the personal computer.
• By Microsoft.
Popular Operating SystemWindows OS
![Page 19: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Popular Operating SystemMac OS
• The main operating system for the Apple Macintosh.
• The most advanced version is Mac OS X Mavericks.
• Previous version includes Mac OS X Lion and 9.0.
![Page 20: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Popular Operating SystemLinux OS
• Open Source operating system
• Many distributions/versions
• Red Hat 9.0, Mandrake, SuSE, Lindows, Knoppix and many others
![Page 21: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• General-purpose programs
– Some types: Browsers, Spreadsheet,
Database management systems,
presentation graphics, word processor
– i.e Internet Explorer, Microsoft Word,
PowerPoint
• Special-purpose programs
– Custom written for specialized tasks– written for an organization’s or business
type’s specific purpose – i.e. Online Registration System
•End-user software enter commands and typically interact with
application programs.
What is Application Software?
![Page 22: UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” MODULE 2 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE & SOFTWARE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062305/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a64/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Word processor Spreadsheets Databases
Communications Others - GroupwarePresentation
Application Software