1

Overview of FAA / Industry ASAS Applications

Randall Bone, MITREOctober 6, 2003

2

Outline

Safe Flight 21 ASAS Applications Safe Flight 21 Domains

– Surface

– Terminal

– Capstone

– Flight Safety

Challenges & Closing Remarks FAA Contacts

3

Acronyms ADS-B – Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast AOC – Airline Operation Center ARTS – Automated Radar Terminal System ASAS – Airborne Separation Assurance Systems ASSA – Airport Surface Situational Awareness ASDE-X – Airport Surface Detection Equipment Model X ATC – Air Traffic Control CDTI – Cockpit Display of Traffic Information CEFR – CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules CFIT – Controlled Flight Into Terrain EFB – Electronic Flight Bag ETMS – Enhanced Traffic Management System FAA – Federal Aviation Administration FAROA – Final Approach and Runway Occupancy Awareness FIS-B – Flight Information Service - Broadcast FMA – Final Monitor Aid GPS – Global Positioning System IFR – Instrument Flight Rules MVA – Minimum Vectoring Altitude OSED – Operational Service and Environment Description R&D – Research and Development SA – Situational Awareness SF-21 – Safe Flight 21 STARS – Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System STM – Surface Traffic Management TFM – Traffic Flow Management TIS-B – Traffic Information Service - Broadcast UPS – United Parcel Service VFR – Visual Flight Rules VMC – Visual Meteorological Conditions WAAS – Wide Area Augmentation System WHJTC – William J. Hughes Technical Center (FAA)

4

Safe Flight 21 Program Overview – Expedite emerging technology (GPS, ADS-B, FIS-B, TIS-B)– Government and industry cooperation– Demonstrate 9 enhancements in test beds: Alaska, Louisville, Memphis…– Examine requirements and risks, build a little, test a little, deploy a little (transition to

national airspace)

Air-to-Air• Improved Separation Standards• Improved Low-Visibility Approaches• Enhanced See and Avoid• Enhanced Operations for En Route Air-to-Air

Ground-to-Ground• Improved Surface Navigation for the Pilot• Enhanced Controller Management of Surface Traffic

Air-to-Ground & Self-Contained• Affordable Reduction of Controlled Flight into Terrain (CFIT)• Surveillance Coverage in Non-Radar Airspace

Ground-to-Air• Weather and Other Data to the Cockpit

Current Focus

5

Near-Term SF-21 ASAS Applications

EnhancementASAS

CategoryApplication Status

Improved Terminal Operations in Low Visibility

SA Enhanced Visual Approach Operational

Separation CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules Initial concept developed

Enhanced See and AvoidSA

Enhanced visual acquisition of other traffic for see and avoid

Operational

SA Conflict Detection Operational

Enhanced En Route Air-to-Air Operations

SAPilot situational awareness beyond visual range

Operational

Improved Surface Navigation for the Pilot

SAFinal approach and runway occupancy awareness (FAROA)

Initial concept and standards developed

SAAirport surface situational awareness (ASSA)

Initial concept and standards developed

Applications chosen since had user interest, near term implementation potential, and existing, well defined concepts

6

RTCA / EUROCAE ASAS Standards Development (Package I)

Joint development of ASAS application descriptions and functional / performance requirements (joint standards)

EUROCAE Unique Applications Common Applications RTCA Unique Applications

Enhanced Sequencing & Merging Operations

Enhanced Traffic Situation Awareness on the Airport Surface

CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules

Enhanced Crossing & Passing Operations

Enhanced Traffic Situation Awareness During Flight Operations

Approach Spacing for Instrument Approaches (probe analysis)

Enhanced Visual Acquisition for See & Avoid

Independent Closely Spaced Parallel Approaches (probe analysis)

Enhanced Successive Visual Approaches

Airborne Conflict Management (probe analysis)

In-Trail Procedure in Oceanic Airspace

7

Foundation For Broadcast Services Implementation

Avionics & Standards

Ground Infrastructure

Automation

Air Transport Avionics• ACSS L-3 Communications

• Transponder XS-950 Commercial• Transponder XS-950S/I Military

• Honeywell• CAS 67A TCAS II

• Rockwell Collins• TDR-94/94D Mode S Transponder• TPR-901 Mode S Transponder

• Garmin AT• LDPU• Transponder

Airframes• Airbus (March 2003)• Boeing (March 2004)

Vehicles• Trios (2003)• Sensis (2002)

General Aviation Avionics• Garmin

• GTX-330 Mode S Transponder

• Garmin AT • MX-20

• Honeywell • KT-73

• Terminal • CommonARTS (2004)• STARS (2005)• SATDS (2004/2005)

• EnRoute/Ocean• MicroEARTS (2001)• ERAM (2007/2008)• ATOP (2006)

• Surface• ASDE-X (August 2003)

• Flight Following (2002)

• Prototype• UPS-AT GBT (1999)• Sensis ASDE-X (1999)

• Production • ASDE-X (2005/2006)• Capstone (2004)• Standalone Ground Stations (2005)

Standards• DO-272 User Requirements for Aerodrome Mapping: October 2001• ADS-B Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards (MASPS) Revision A: April 2002• Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Minimum Operations Performance Standard (MOPS): June 2002• ADS-B 1090 MHz MOPS Rev A: April 2003• TIS-B MASPS: April 2003• ASA MASPS: ~ October 2003

8

Architecture Building Blocks

Surface Radar

ADS-B

MultilaterationControl Tower

RampTower/AOC

SurfaceVehicles

TIS-B

DataLink

SurveillanceSource

Moving Maps• Traffic• Taxi Clearance• CDTI• Heads Up Display

• Ramp• Taxi

TerminalAutomation

Fusion

SurfaceDevices

Terminal Radar

SurfaceVehicles

TFMETMS

9

Surface(Memphis, TN – Test Bed)

10

Surface Moving Map

• Approaching implementation

• Standards / certification guidance in place

• Map database building (78 to date; 160 by 2005)

• First aircraft certification anticipated in 10/03 on Boeing 777 EFB• Next step: ADS-B (for ASSA &

FAROA)

Cockpit / Vehicle Intervention Provides “Last Line of Defense” in Solving Runway Incursion Problem

© Boeing UPDATED: SEP 29, 2003

TOTAL AIRPORTS PLANNED: 160COMPLETED: 77 (48.8%)

SFOI

ANC

JNU

HNL

MEM

SDF

ORD

DCA

ACY

PHX

ABQ

DFW

SAT

AUS

HOUIAH

MKE

SEA

IAD

SLC

PVD

BOS

MSY

MIA

TPAMCO

FLL

RDUCLT

PDX

RNO

LAS

JFKEWRPHLPIT

BDLDTW

ADW

BWI

SJU

CLE

CMH

CVG

LGA

ATL

DEN

MSP

MDW

IND

COS

STL

LAX

BUR

ONTSBA

SAN

OAKSJC

SMFCID

FAI

DVTLGB

APA

FXESRQ

DAB

MIC

FCM

CON

TEB

VGT

SLE

DAL

SNAOKC

PRC

TUS

MCI

JAX

ISM

LAL

PUBLISHED

IN PROCESS

78

3

PLANNED 79

SFB

PMPPBI

VRBPIE

PDK

CHS

GSO

BHM

BET

ADQ

LIT

CHDFFZ

SDL

IFP

CMA

CNOPSP

FATRHV

CCR

SEE

MYF

STS

POCVNY

SMO

IWA

BJC

ELP FTW

DWH

ORFRIC

TYS

BNA

JAC

GEG

TTD

HIO

EUG

RVS

TUL

LUK

DAYCAK

GFK

OMA

LNK

JAN

DLH

BTR

MLU

IXD

ICT

BOI

ISPDXR

BED

PWM

MHTSYR

ROC

ALB

SAV

OWB

GRR

YIPAZOUGN

OSHMSN

OGG

KOA

DSM

MMU

NEW AIRPORTS Pittsburgh, PA Seattle, WA

UPDATED: SEP 29, 2003TOTAL AIRPORTS PLANNED: 160

COMPLETED: 77 (48.8%)

SFOI

ANC

JNU

HNL

MEM

SDF

ORD

DCA

ACY

PHX

ABQ

DFW

SAT

AUS

HOUIAH

MKE

SEA

IAD

SLC

PVD

BOS

MSY

MIA

TPAMCO

FLL

RDUCLT

PDX

RNO

LAS

JFKEWRPHLPIT

BDLDTW

ADW

BWI

SJU

CLE

CMH

CVG

LGA

ATL

DEN

MSP

MDW

IND

COS

STL

LAX

BUR

ONTSBA

SAN

OAKSJC

SMFCID

FAI

DVTLGB

APA

FXESRQ

DAB

MIC

FCM

CON

TEB

VGT

SLE

DAL

SNAOKC

PRC

TUS

MCI

JAX

ISM

LAL

PUBLISHED

IN PROCESS

78

3

PLANNED 79

PUBLISHED

IN PROCESS

78

3

PLANNED 79

SFB

PMPPBI

VRBPIE

PDK

CHS

GSO

BHM

BET

ADQ

LIT

CHDFFZ

SDL

IFP

CMA

CNOPSP

FATRHV

CCR

SEE

MYF

STS

POCVNY

SMO

IWA

BJC

ELP FTW

DWH

ORFRIC

TYS

BNA

JAC

GEG

TTD

HIO

EUG

RVS

TUL

LUK

DAYCAK

GFK

OMA

LNK

JAN

DLH

BTR

MLU

IXD

ICT

BOI

ISPDXR

BED

PWM

MHTSYR

ROC

ALB

SAV

OWB

GRR

YIPAZOUGN

OSHMSN

OGG

KOA

DSM

MMU

NEW AIRPORTS Pittsburgh, PA Seattle, WA

11

Vehicle Tracking

• ADS-B provides means to track vehicles and display to controllers via ASDE-X or pilots (for ASSA & FAROA)

• Advisory Circular for industry standards under development

• Demonstration completed

• Early stages of equipping at Memphis, Louisville, & Dallas-Fort Worth

Cockpit / Vehicle Intervention Provides “Last Line of Defense” in Solving Runway Incursion Problem

12

Surface Traffic Management (STM)

Leveraging FAA Investment in ASDE-X. Will Enable New Range of Tactical / Strategic Surface Management Applications

• SF-21 focus on development of new STM tools leveraging new ASDE-X surface data (e.g., arrival / departure schedule tool)

• Provide Airlines / Service Operations Center displays in several airports

Development of “data distribution” specification

• Define requirements for interoperability of STM data between Airlines / Tower / Flow Control

• First ASDE-X installation due 10/03

• Prototyped at Memphis

13

Terminal(Louisville, KY – Test Bed)

14

Enhanced Situational Awareness

UPS equipping with AT2000 CDTI and conducting enhanced situational awareness with 757 / 767 fleet (total of 107 aircraft)

– Includes conflict detection, situational awareness flight, see and avoid, enhanced visual approach

Metrics being collected and measured against baseline

Next steps: – Implement call sign use in traffic

advisory procedure

– UPS plans to seek approval for CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules (CEFR) in FY04

CEFR Shows Potential Airline Operating Cost Savings at 31

Benchmark Airports

AT

2000

15

ADS-B to Air Traffic Control

ADS-B currently being integrated into terminal automation systems– ADS-B use and depiction of

equipage currently being defined

STARS demo performed at Memphis showed ADS-B can perform “PRM-like” function on Final Monitor Aid (FMA) display

Integration Schedule

On Contract

On Contract

FY04

FY06

ADS-B Could Eliminate Need for PRM Systems and Enable PRM-like Capability at Wider Range of Airports

16

Capstone

F e de ra l A via tio n A dm in is tra tio n 1 /16 /20 03 1

I n v e s tm e n t i n S a f e t yI n v e s tm e n t i n S a f e t y

F A A A l a s k a R e g i o nF A A A l a s k a R e g i o n

J N U A ppro ac hJ N U A ppro ac h

17

Capstone Services

ADS-B (air-to-air)– Provides “enhanced see and

avoid”

ADS-B (air-to-ground)– Enables ATC services via

Anchorage Center (1/2001)

TIS-B (ground-to-air) *– Completes traffic picture

FIS-B (weather uplink)– Provides weather awareness

CFIT (onboard avionics)– Provides low cost terrain

avoidance

Flight Dispatch Services– Provides flight monitoring and

asset management services

* Future services

18

Flight Safety

19

Flight Safety Applications - General Aviation Focus

ADS-B and broadcast services• Transition of Capstone effort to lower US

• Capstone based avionics

• Flight dispatch, weather, & traffic services

• Dual strategy to implement broadcast services (TIS-B and FIS-B)

– Small airport infrastructure

» Establish test beds

» Establish pockets of implementation (Prescott, AZ/SATSLabs/East Coast)

– Leverage ASDE-X infrastructure (add broadcast services)

• Stimulating “self equipage”

• State sponsored cost shares

Broadcast Services Coverage 59 ASDE-X Sites

Directly Addresses Three Main Culprits of GA Accidents:Mid Airs, Weather, CFIT

20

Future Challenges

User buy-in / affordability / cost benefit Solving human factors issues (pilots & controllers), e.g.,

interfaces, mixed equipage operations Global interoperability and harmonization of standards and

procedures Longer term- Acceptance of changing roles &

responsibilities for pilots and controllers

21

Closing Remarks

Over past 4 years ADS-B foundation put in place– Avionics & Standards…Ground Infrastructure…Automation

Service Portfolio– Radar like services…Enhanced Situational Awareness…Surface

Management…FIS-B…TIS-B

Interest in other “user pull” pockets to solve specific needs / services

22

For Further Information Contact…

Surface– Surface Moving Maps

• Tom Prevost - tom.prevost@faa.gov

– Vehicle Tracking• Robert Smith - robert.smith@faa.gov

Terminal– John Marksteiner - john.marksteiner@faa.gov

Capstone– Jim Hebert - jim.CTR.hebert@faa.gov

Flight Safety– Jim McDaniel - James.McDaniel@faa.gov

Standards, International, & Automation– Gene Wong - Gene.Wong@faa.gov