1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and...

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1 Organic Organic Compounds Compounds

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Transcript of 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and...

Page 1: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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Organic Organic CompoundsCompounds

Page 2: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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Organic Organic CompoundsCompounds

• CompoundsCompounds that contain CARBONCARBON and HYDROGENHYDROGEN are called organic moleculesorganic molecules.

• HydrocarbonsHydrocarbons are organic organic moleculesmolecules that contain onlyonly HYDROGENHYDROGEN and CARBONCARBON.

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Page 3: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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Carbon (C)Carbon (C)• CarbonCarbon has 4 electrons4 electrons in the

outer shell.

• CarbonCarbon can form covalent covalent bondsbonds with as many as 4 4 other atoms (elements).

• Usually with C, H, O or NC, H, O or N.

• Example:Example: CHCH44(methane)(methane)

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Page 4: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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PolymersPolymers• Large molecule made up of smaller

“building blocks” called MONOMERSMONOMERS.• Examples:Examples:

1.1.CarbohydratesCarbohydrates2.2.LipidsLipids3.3.ProteinsProteins4.4.Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)

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Page 5: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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HydrocarbonHydrocarbonss

HydrocarbonsHydrocarbons are a type of Organic molecule Organic molecule that contain only HYDROGENHYDROGEN and CARBONCARBON.

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Page 6: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

Uses of HydrocarbonsUses of Hydrocarbons• Many are composed of a very long

polymer chain so they can be used to make plastic plastic and synthetic synthetic fibers.fibers.

• Many are combustible combustible so they are used for fuel.– Examples:Examples:

• GasolineGasoline• Jet Fuel Jet Fuel • Diesel OilDiesel Oil

Page 7: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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CarbohydratCarbohydrateses

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Page 8: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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CarbohydratesCarbohydrates• Small sugar moleculesSmall sugar molecules to

large sugar moleculeslarge sugar molecules.

• Examples:Examples:A.A. monosaccharidemonosaccharideB.B. disaccharidedisaccharideC.C. polysaccharidepolysaccharide

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Page 9: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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CarbohydratesCarbohydratesMonosaccharide: one sugar Monosaccharide: one sugar

unitunit

Examples:Examples: glucose glucose ((C6H12O6)

fructosefructose

galactosegalactose

glucoseglucose

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Page 10: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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CarbohydratesCarbohydratesDisaccharide: two sugar unitDisaccharide: two sugar unit

Examples: Examples: – Sucrose (glucose+fructose)Sucrose (glucose+fructose)– Lactose (glucose+galactose)Lactose (glucose+galactose)– Maltose (glucose+glucose)Maltose (glucose+glucose)

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

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Page 11: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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CarbohydratesCarbohydratesPolysaccharide: many sugar units Polysaccharide: many sugar units

or polymers of sugar.or polymers of sugar.

Examples:Examples: starch (bread, starch (bread, potatoes)potatoes)

glycogen (beef glycogen (beef muscle)muscle)

cellulose (lettuce, cellulose (lettuce, corn)corn)

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

cellulosecellulose

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Page 12: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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LipidsLipids

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Page 13: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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LipidsLipids• General term for compounds which

are not soluble in waternot soluble in water.• Lipids are soluble in other lipidsare soluble in other lipids

• Remember:Remember: “stores the “stores the most most energyenergy””

• Examples: Examples: Fats, Oils, Waxes, CholesterolFats, Oils, Waxes, Cholesterol

Functions:Functions: Long term energy storage,Long term energy storage,

hormones, cell membraneshormones, cell membranes

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Page 14: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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ProteinsProteins

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Page 15: 1 Organic Compounds. 2 CompoundsCARBON HYDROGENorganic moleculesCompounds that contain CARBON and HYDROGEN are called organic molecules. Hydrocarbonsorganic.

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ProteinsProteins• Amino acids (20 different kinds)

• Functions of proteins:Functions of proteins:

1.1. Movement:Movement: musclesmuscles2.2. Structural:Structural: membranes, hair, membranes, hair, nailsnails3.3. Cellular reactions :Cellular reactions : Enzymes Enzymes

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Nucleic Nucleic AcidsAcids

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Nucleic acidsNucleic acids

• Two types:Two types:

a. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)a. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

b. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)b. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

• Nucleic acids Nucleic acids are composed of long chains of monomers called nucleotidesnucleotides

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Macromolecules copyright cmassengale1. Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organic Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic.

Macromolecules copyright cmassengale1. Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organic Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic.

An Introduction to Organic Molecules. Organic Molecules Organic molecules are made primarily of four elements : C, N, O, H Backbone is C Polymers are.

An Introduction to Organic Molecules. Organic Molecules Organic molecules are made primarily of four elements : C, N, O, H Backbone is C Polymers are.

Organic Molecules of Life

Organic Molecules of Life

ORGANIC MOLECULES OF THE CELL. Organic Molecules Organic Molecules are generally large compounds that are composed of Carbon and Hydrogen atoms General.

ORGANIC MOLECULES OF THE CELL. Organic Molecules Organic Molecules are generally large compounds that are composed of Carbon and Hydrogen atoms General.

Chemistry of Organic Molecules 3.1 Organic molecules overview.

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1 Bio-Macromolecules 2 Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic moleculesMacromolecules.

1 Bio-Macromolecules 2 Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic moleculesMacromolecules.

Organic Molecules. I. Organic Molecules in living things A.Introduction 1.Living things are made of organic molecules 2.Organic – has Carbon as the base,

Organic Molecules. I. Organic Molecules in living things A.Introduction 1.Living things are made of organic molecules 2.Organic – has Carbon as the base,

1 Macromolecules 2 Organic Compounds Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic.

1 Macromolecules 2 Organic Compounds Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic.

What do these prefixes mean?. 2 Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic moleculesMacromolecules.

What do these prefixes mean?. 2 Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic moleculesMacromolecules.

1 Macromolecules copyright cmassengale. 2 Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic.

1 Macromolecules copyright cmassengale. 2 Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromoleculesorganic.

TOPIC 3.2 MOLECULES OF CELLS. ORGANIC and INORGANIC MOLECULES 3.2.1 ORGANIC MOLECULES: molecules containing C and H in their structure INORGANIC MOLECULES.

TOPIC 3.2 MOLECULES OF CELLS. ORGANIC and INORGANIC MOLECULES 3.2.1 ORGANIC MOLECULES: molecules containing C and H in their structure INORGANIC MOLECULES.

Organic Molecules. Overview of Vocabulary Organic molecules = made of carbon. Organic molecules are called polymers because they are made of many monomers.

Organic Molecules. Overview of Vocabulary Organic molecules = made of carbon. Organic molecules are called polymers because they are made of many monomers.

Organic Molecules Carbon is the Main Ingredient in Organic Molecules.

Organic Molecules Carbon is the Main Ingredient in Organic Molecules.

Molecules of Life Organic Molecules Biological Molecules.

Molecules of Life Organic Molecules Biological Molecules.

Organic molecules

Organic molecules

Macromolecules. Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. –This is different from organic foods in the.

Macromolecules. Organic Compounds CompoundsCARBON organicCompounds that contain CARBON are called organic. –This is different from organic foods in the.

Exp 08: Organic Molecules - Chemchem.ws/dl-1008/exp08_intro.pdfRepresenting Organic Molecules 3 A Practice representing organic molecules. For each of the six formulas provided, draw

Exp 08: Organic Molecules - Chemchem.ws/dl-1008/exp08_intro.pdfRepresenting Organic Molecules 3 A Practice representing organic molecules. For each of the six formulas provided, draw

1 3.1 Organic Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. Four classes of organic molecules (biomolecules) exist in living organisms:

1 3.1 Organic Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. Four classes of organic molecules (biomolecules) exist in living organisms:

Organic Nomenclature: Naming Organic Molecules

Organic Nomenclature: Naming Organic Molecules

Synthesis of Complex Organic Molecules: Organic Molecules ... · HET618-M07A01: Synthesis of Complex Organic Molecules: Organic Molecules in Space PAGE 3 OF 57 Introduction There

Synthesis of Complex Organic Molecules: Organic Molecules ... · HET618-M07A01: Synthesis of Complex Organic Molecules: Organic Molecules in Space PAGE 3 OF 57 Introduction There