1: Metadata Standards and Creation

1: METADATA STANDARDS AND

CREATION

Mark SullivanDigital Library of the Caribbean

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Metadata for Digital Resources What is metadata? What is your digital resource? Standards Standards Comparison Tools Questions

dLOC Training (7/29/2013) Gainesville, FL

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What is metadata?


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What is metadata?


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What is metadata?


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Library and Museum Metadata


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Greek Vase

470 –460 BC

35 centimeters

Odysseus and Eumaios the Swineherd

from Homer’s story of the Odyssey



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Format: Greek Vase

Date: 470 –460 BC

Height: 35 centimeters

Title: [Greek Vase of Odysseus and Eumaiosthe Swineherd]

Notes: from Homer’s story of the Odyssey



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Title: L' Isle St. DomingueAlternate Title: Atlas portatif Universel.. Physical Desc: 1 Map. : col; 17 x 22 cm on sheet 23 x 32 cm. Language: FrenchCreator: Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles , 1688-1766Date: 1749Place of Publ: Paris 1749Subjects: Maps --Early works to 1800 --West Indies ( lcsh)

Maps --Early works to 1800 --Hispaniola ( lcsh)Genre: single map( marcgt)

Maps ( lcsh) Early works to 1800 ( lcsh)

Spatial Coverage: Haiti, Dominican Republic Note: Outline color.



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Title: Avanzamos o retrocedemos? : reflexiones sobre…Physical Desc: 165 p. Language: SpanishCreator: Mejia, RadhamesPublisher: Santo Domingo : PUCMM/CIEDHUMANODate: 2010 Subject: Educacion-Republica Dominicana-Ensayos, conferenciasAbstract: Este libro recoge una serie de artaculos sobre temas educativos publicados en los aos 2006 y 2007 en el periodico El Caribe. Identifier: RD 370.97293 M516a

isbn-9789945415339



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Library Metadata


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Library Metadata - MARC


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What is your digital resource?


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What is your digital resource? Physical archival containers

Archival box? Archival folder? Item-level?

Scrapbooks Pages Photographs

Newspapers Issues Article


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Metadata Standards


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Why metadata standards?


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Standards

“The nice thing about standards is there are so many to choose from.”

- Andrew Tannenbaum (1988 )


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Types of Metadata Standards Bibliographic Description Metadata “Wrappers” and Transport Collection Descriptions Other Standards

Authority Standards Proprietary Standards etc…


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Bibliographic Description Standards

MARC

Dublin Core

MODS

VRA Core


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Bibliographic Description : MARC MARC

Originally developed in 1960s by Library of CongressMost embraced metadata standard in libraries

MARC 21Combination of USMARC and CAN/MARCMetadata standard for 21st century

MarcXMLSame MARC format, except encoded in XML


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Bibliographic Description : MARC

Positives:Can encode a very granular amount of dataVery well adopted and works well with machine readers

NegativesNot very human-readableHigh learning curveMixes data with display (as commonly implemented)


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Bibliographic Description : DC Dublin Core Originally developed between 1994 and 1995 in Dublin

Ohio by OCLC Used widely on web pages to assist search engines Simplified Dublin Core

Title Creator SubjectDescription Publisher ContributorDate Type FormatIdentifier Source LanguageRelation Coverage Rights


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Bibliographic Description : DC Qualified Dublin Core

Added three elements ( Audience, Provenance, RightsHolder) More importantly, added some basic refinements

Positives Widely accepted and easy to read and encode

Negatives Even with qualified dublin core, difficult to encode complex data Lack of data refinement leads to loss of UI options


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Bibliographic Description : MODS Metadata Object Description Scheme Developed in 2002 by Library of Congress Beginning to be the de facto standard for digital libraries

(MODS/METS) Positives

Can handle a (large) subset of MARC tags Handles complex objects and can easily be extended

Negatives Hard to do round trip portability from MARC MODS MARC


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Bibliographic Description : VRA Core Visual Resource Association Developed in 1996 by Visual Resource Association Used for describing visual/cultural materials Includes all the standard tags

Date, Title, Description, Rights, Subject, etc..

Also more unique tags Cultural Context Style Technique


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Bibliographic Description Standards

MARC

Dublin Core

MODS

VRA Core


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Metadata “Wrappers” and Transport Contents

Files and Structural dataAdministrative data

ChoicesMETSOAI-PMHNo wrapper necessary


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Metadata “Wrappers” : METS Metadata Encoding & Transmission

Standard Standard by Library of Congress (2001) Contains

Descriptions section(s)Administrative section(s)File section(s)Structure map(s)

Accepts any XML schema


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Metadata “Wrappers” : METS


Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS)

metsHeader – information about the METS

dmdSec – descriptive metadata

amdSec – administrative metadata

fileSec – list of all files grouped by type

structMap – divisions/pages linked to files

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Metadata “Wrappers” : OAI-PMH Open Archives Initiative -Protocol for

Metadata Harvesting (2000-2001) Defines a protocol (over HTTP) Main Verbs

IdentifyListMetadataFormats – usually dublin core (99%)ListSetsListRecords


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Collection Metadata Standards (METS)

EADEncoded Archival DescriptionElectronic Finding Guide/AidMain Sections

○ Descriptions○ Container List –can link to digital objects


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Still to come… Authority Metadata Standards

NACOMADSEAC

Other StandardsKMLDarwinCoreZ39.50 / ZING

Standards are like weeds….


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Proprietary and Custom Formats

Proprietary File FormatsGreenstone Document File (doc.xml)Fedora Object File (FOXml)

Custom SchemasSobekCM Schema ( UFDC and dLOC)


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Back to the beginning?MODS?

KML?

MADS?

MARC?

To wrap?

Dublin Core?

VRA Core?

EAC?

EAD?

METS?


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Evidence-based Universities within Florida ( 10 schools ) Digital Objects

MARC ( linked to catalog )Dublin Core ( no wrapper, simple objects )METS wrapper ( for complex items )MODS

EAD for Finding Aids / Guides OAI-PMH Harvesting


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“One standard to rule them all”


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METS Wrapper


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METS Wrapper

DC MODS

Additional custom metadata


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METS Wrapper

Dublin Core



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METS Wrapper

MODS



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METS Wrapper

MODS


VRA Core Darwin Core


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METS

MODS

SobekCM

Archival

Service

Greenstone


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METS

MODS

SobekCM

Archival

Service

Fedora,ContentDM, etc…


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Standards Comparison

Link to external comparison

http://digital.uflib.ufl.edu/development/standards_comparison.pdf


http://digital.uflib.ufl.edu/development/standards_comparison.pdf

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Lessons / Standards Conclusions Try not to tie your metadata to your system

Archival vs. Service

Don’t be afraid of extending for your own needs, but continue to follow the standards

Don’t cripple your metadata / Prepare for the most information you would wantMETS / MODS v. simple Dublin Core


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Tools


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Metadata Tools Library of Congress site of METS utilities

http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/mets-tools.html

SobekCM METS Editor (UF)http://ufdc.ufl.edu/metseditor

MarcEdit Tool http://people.oregonstate.edu/~reeset/marcedit/html/index.php


http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/mets-tools.html

http://ufdc.ufl.edu/metseditor

http://people.oregonstate.edu/~reeset/marcedit/html/index.php

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Review of Topics What is metadata?

What is your digital resource?

Standards

Standards Comparison

Tools


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Questions?


1: Metadata Standards and Creation

Documents

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