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What should I study for LYS?

YDS CONTENT

VOCABULARY GRAMMAR

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VOCABULARY

NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB VERB PHRASALVERB

productivity familiar vaguely acquire break into

impression typical hardly eliminate look up

shortage pale scarcely require look into

expression reluctant widely reduce set off

relief deliberate fairly maintain give out

warning genuine attentively

withdraw catch up with

prediction sceptical relatively challenge

make out

principle hostile suddenly respond look down on

intention redundant absolutely provide get along with

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GRAMMAR

PRONOUNS SIMPLE TENSES PERFECT TENSES MODALS & TAG QUESTIONS PASSIVE & CAUSATIVE CONJUNCTIONS RELATIVE CLAUSES

GERUNDS & INFINITIVES & PARTICIPLES NOUN CLAUSES IF & WISH CLAUSES ADJECTIVES & ADVERBS DETERMINERS PREPOSITIONS INVERSIONS

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READING COMPREHENSION

Sentence-level Comprehension Discourse-level Comprehension

REMEMBER ! : Vocabulary knowledge is the primary condition for success in reading comprehension questions.

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TRANSLATION

From English into Turkish From Turkish into English

Remember ! : There are certain “tactics” or “tips” that you should use in order to be able to answer translation questions both correctly and quickly.

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LYS QUESTIONS

Vocabulary Grammar Cloze Test Sentence Completion Translation (E-T, T-E)

Reading Passages Closest in Meaning Paragraph Completion Situations Dialogues Irrelevant Sentence

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Vocabulary Questions

Films quite often focus on journalism, and from

time to time they have critically examined and ----

this profession.

A) succeeded B) deserved C) denied

D) influenced E) suspected

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Vocabulary Questions

Marathon-training schedules range from four to

six months and they all ---- considerable

discipline.

A) require B) reduce C) imply

D) combine E) improve

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Vocabulary Questions

Every time we turn on our lights, cook a meal or

heat our homes, we are ---- some form of fuel to

make it happen.

A) sending for B) waiting on C) relying on

D) making out E) pulling through

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Grammar Questions

The “Concorde” was a business failure and fewer

aircraft of this type ---- than ----.

A) are sold / would be expectedB) were sold / had been expectedC) would be sold / are expectedD) had been sold / were expectedE) were being sold / have been expected

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Grammar Questions

The book ---- a surprisingly interesting account of

the geography of Great Britain and there ---- a need for such a book for a long time now.

A) would give / had been

B) had given / was

C) has given / is

D) gives / has been

E) is giving / was

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Grammar Questions

Julius Caesar expected to rule for life, ---- he was

assassinated by conspirators on 15 March in the

year 44 B.C.

A) although B) because C) as

D) if E) but

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Cloze Test

Two years ago, China joined the World TradeOrganization and tariffs began to drop and thecountry began to grow richer. (23) ---- Beijing hoststhe 2008 Olympic Games, the people of the world(24) ---- a city and a country that has beentransformed. China is now (25) ---- the largesteconomies in the world and it is becoming a (26) ----trading partner (27) ---- the US.

23.A) Until B) When C) Unless

D) As if E) Once

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Cloze Test

Two years ago, China joined the World TradeOrganization and tariffs began to drop and thecountry began to grow richer. (23) ---- Beijing hoststhe 2008 Olympic Games, the people of the world(24) ---- a city and a country that has beentransformed. China is now (25) ---- the largesteconomies in the world and it is becoming a (26) ----trading partner (27) ---- the US.

24.A) would find B) has found C) will find

D) is finding E) finds

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Sentence Completion

If you move slowly and quietly, ----.

A) some birds actually liked being admired

B) it’s usually quite easy to observe wildlife

C) it was very hard to get close to them

D) other animals carried on as if nothing had

happened

E) it is not only the small ones that are easily

frightened

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Sentence Completion

----, which suggests there may be life there.

A) Researchers have almost given up hope

B) There is no need to look any farther

C) New discoveries are actually very rare

D) Water has been found on Mars

E) The scheme was still being developed

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Sentence Completion

In the new musical, the songs are pleasantenough, ----.

A) but it is the comic scenes which really capturethe audienceB) unless the production is planned in advance farmore efficientlyC) as far as the setting was concernedD) while the director focused on the story itselfE) although the audience was carried away by thequality of performance

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TranslationThe great Wall of China, which was designedspecifically as a defence against nomadic tribes,was built mainly of earth and stone.

A) Göçebe kabilelere karşı bir önlem olarak tasarlananÇin Seddi, büyük bir bölümü toprak ve taştaninşa edilmiş bir savunma hattıdır.

B) Göçebe kabilelere karşı özellikle bir savunmaolarak tasarlanmış olan Çin Seddi, esas olaraktoprak ve taştan inşa edilmiştir.

C) Tamamen toprak ve taştan inşa edilmiş olan ÇinSeddi, göçebe kabilelere karşı bir savunma hattıolarak kullanılmıştır.

D) Öncelikle göçebe kabilelere karşı bir savunmahattı olarak tasarlanmış olan Çin Seddi’ni inşaedenler, çoğunlukla toprak ve taş kullanmışlardır.

E) Çin Seddi, öncelikle göçebe kabilelere karşı birsavunma olarak düşünülmüş ve çoğunluklatoprak ve taştan yapılmıştır.

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TranslationGüney Amerika’nın neredeyse yarısını kaplayanBrezilya, dilini ve kültürünü Portekiz’den alan tekLatin Amerika ülkesidir.

A) Portugal and Brazil share the same languageand culture, though Brazil is Latin American andhalf the size of South America.

B) The only Latin American country to derive itslanguage and culture from Portugal, is Brazil, thelargest country in South America.

C) Brazil, like the other Latin American countries ofSouth America, takes its language and culturefrom Portugal.

D) Brazil, which covers nearly half of SouthAmerica, and is a Latin American country, hasthe same language and culture as Portugal.

E) Brazil, which covers nearly half of SouthAmerica, is the only Latin American country thatderives its language and culture from Portugal.

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Reading PassagesCertain records have come to light recently, whichsuggest that it was the Chinese who discoveredAmerica. And they found it nearly three quarters of acentury before Columbus did. It’s a sad fact of life,and of our rather poor historical education, thatEuropeans tend to have a Eurocentric view of history.Unfortunately, it’s not usually realized that China hadan empire and a civilization that put medieval Europeto shame. Culturally, politically and evenscientifically, China’s home-grown experiments andexperiences could not be matched for a long time. Inthe meantime, the Chinese were enthusiastictravellers and explorers. Indeed, Chinese navigatorswere also far more advanced than any in the West.

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Comprehension Questions

It is clear from the passage that, in the MiddleAges, ----.

A) China was far ahead of Europe in severalrespects

B) the European civilization was the best in theworld

C) the Chinese empire was rapidly getting smallerD) scientific experiments were banned in both

Europe and ChinaE) history was a major part of European education

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Comprehension Questions

It is pointed out in the passage that medievalChinese sailors ----.

A) came to America by mere chanceB) knew much less than Columbus about otherlandsC) were only interested in trading activitiesD) greatly admired the European explorersincluding ColumbusE) were far more experienced and skilful than theEuropean ones

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Comprehension Questions

We understand from the passage that the writer----.A) seems fully convinced that America was firstdiscovered by the EuropeansB) criticizes the Europeans for their narrowunderstanding of historyC) is not really interested in Chinese culture andachievementsD) has no documentary evidence of any kind tosupport his ideasE) is very biased in favour of Europe

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Closest in Meaning

If there hadn’t been such a strong wind, it wouldnot have been so difficult to put out the fire.

A) If the wind hadn’t been so strong, it would havebeen much easier to put out the fire.

B) When a strong wind began to blow it was evenmore difficult to control the fire.

C) It was the strong wind which made it difficult forus to put out the fire.

D) As the wind was really very strong, it took them along time to put out the fire.

E) It’s always difficult to put out a fire when there isa strong wind blowing.

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Closest in MeaningEmily was perhaps the quietest of the threeBrontë sisters, but she was, nevertheless, themost passionate.

A) All three Brontë sisters were quiet andemotional, but this was especially true of Emily.

B) Of all the Brontë sisters, Emily was certainly themost passionate but she rarely talked to anyone.

C) The quietest of the three Brontë sisters wascertainly Emily, though she wasn’t the one withdeepest emotions.

D) The least talkative of the three Brontë sistersmay have been Emily, but even so she was theone with the strongest emotions.

E) Emily Brontë wasn’t as talkative as either of hersisters, and was also less passionate.

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Paragraph Completion

There are more than 20,000 documented shipwrecks off the coast of Britain. ----. And they offerthe scuba diver a fantastic world that is justasking to be explored.

A) They range from majestic passenger ships tohistorical war vessels

B) There are several underwater skills to be learnedbefore one can become a scuba diver

C) Others among them sank after being torpedoedD) Another battleship lies on its side on the seabedE) Moreover, wrecks can contain dangerous

materials

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Situations

The father of a friend of yours is seriously ill inhospital and, because of this, your friend is veryupset. You wish to give him some support, andnot leave him to keep on going to the hospitalalone. So, you say:

A) Some time, when you visit your father I’d like tocome with you.B) How long is he likely to be in hospital?C) Are you satisfied with the treatment he’s getting?D) Let me know the visiting hours and I’ll try to go.E) Isn’t there any improvement to be seen yet?

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DialoguesAlice :- It has to be very cold before a sea can freeze.James :- ----Alice :- I know. During World War II, for instance, theBaltic Sea froze to such a depth that theRussians were able to drive their tanks over it.James :- Then it must have been terribly cold.

A) Icebergs, like glaciers, are salt-free.B) Perhaps only inland seas can freeze.C) Moving water doesn’t freeze easily.D) But there can be icebergs in the sea.E) But it does happen sometimes.

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Irrelevant Sentence

(I) The Industrial Revolution means the suddenacceleration of technical and economic developmentthat began in Britain. (II) Birmingham is an industrialcity and the administrative headquarters of centralEngland. (III) It is a major manufacturing,engineering, commercial and service centre. (IV) Thecity’s concert halls, theatres and three universitiesalso make it an important cultural and educationalcentre. (V) Its main products are cars, machine toolsand electrical equipment.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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Irrelevant Sentence

(I) Try to imagine what would happen to the bones of

astronauts going to Mars. (II) They would probably

come back hardly able to walk at all. (III) This is

because, on Earth, bones are renewed by walking.

(IV) But on Mars this does not happen. (V) This new

device simulates the low-intensity interactions

between bone and muscle.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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Tips for Success

Learn How to Study Designate a specific time for studying.

Cramming is not a reliable way to retain information.

Take understandable lecture and textbook notes.

Become a good listener in class and review your notes daily.

Organize your class materials prior to each study session.

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Tips for Success Concentrate on the class material.

Ask for help early if needed.

Form study groups and partners. Keep everyone committed to studying, not small talk.

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Time Management Tips LEARN TO SAY NO! - Saying no to partying,

movies, etc. does not make you a terrible person.

DO NOT STUDY FOR MORE THAN 3 HOURS AT A TIME - Your brain will often shut down and any studying you do after that point is unproductive.

TRY TO STUDY DURING DAYLIGHT HOURS - Natural light is more conducive to learning.

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Time Management Tips

USE THE 30-3-2 SCHEDULE - Study for 30 minutes, take a 3 minute break and let your mind think about other things, then return to your studies by reviewing the previous material for 2 minutes, then move on to new information.

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Time Management Tips

USE TWO SCHEDULES - Create an hour-by-hour weekly schedule. Using your class schedules as a guide. Block out specific times each day for study and all other activities. Create a semester schedule showing midterms, finals, due dates, and other important events. Review both schedules on a weekly basis and allow more study time as needed.

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Time Management Tips

PRIORITIZE - Every day, list what you need to study, prioritize and set times for each item, and stick to it.