1 Introduction to Biochemistry [Compatibility Mode][1]

8/8/2019 1 Introduction to Biochemistry [Compatibility Mode][1]

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MOOHAMAD ROPANING SULONGBBS 2124 BIOCHEMISTRY

FBSH, UNISEL

Biology ChemistryBiochemistry

Biology EngineeringBioengineering


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ChemistryBiologyEngineeringBiochemical Engineering

InformationTechnology

Biology BI0IT

Is, literally, the study of the chemistry of life,

and the structure and the function of cellular

components


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Organisms are able to extract energy from

molecules called nutrients.Organisms display the attributes of growth,

differentiation, and reproduction.

Organisms have the ability to respond to

changes in their environments.

What are the chemical and three-dimensionalstructures of biological molecules?

How do biological molecules interact with eachother?

How does the cell synthesize and degradebiological molecules?

What are the mechanisms for organizing biologicalmolecules and coordinating their activities?

How is energy conserved and used by the cells?

How is genetic information stored, transmitted,and expressed?

The chemistry of enzymes mediated reactions

and the properties of proteins


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To describe lifes processes using the

language of molecules, that is, applying the

principles and methods of chemistry to

determine molecular structure from which it

is often possible to explain biological

function

Structural and functional biochemistry

Focuses initially on discovering the

chemical structure and three dimensional

arrangements of biomolecules, those

chemical that are found in living matter

Informational biochemistry

defines the language(s) for storingbiological data and transmitting that datacells and organisms. This area includesmolecular genetic , which describes themolecular processes in heredity andexpression of genetic information and alsoprocesses that communicate molecularsignals to regulate cellular activities


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Bioenergetics

describes the flow of energy in living

organisms and how it may be transferred

from one process to another

* Endergonic ( requires the input of

energy)

* Exergonic (release energy)

Who posses knowledge of fundamental

organic reactions and physical chemistry, and

Applies these knowledge to the processes of

biological molecules


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Biochemists study the molecular characteristicsof living organisms on land and in water

The period of 1500 to 1800

Understanding of basic chemical principles

kinetics, and the atomic composition of

molecules

The end of 19th century

Biochemistry had become an organized

discipline and biochemists have elucidatedmany of the chemical process of life


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In 1828

Friedrich Whler had synthesized organic

compound (urea) by heating the inorganic

compound (ammonium cyanate) NH4(OCN)

Two major breakthroughs

odiscovery of enzymes as catalysts

o identification of nucleic acids as informationmolecules


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In 1897

Eduard Buchner had found that yeast cells

could catalyze the fermentation of sugar to

alcohol and carbon dioxide

In 1944

Oswald Avery, Colin Mac Leod and Maclyn

Mc Carty had extracted DNA from toxic

strain of the bacterium Stryptococcus

pneumoniae and mixed the DNA with

nontoxic strain of the same organism

In 1953

James Watson andFrancis, H.C. Crickdeuced the threedimensionalstructure of DNA


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In 1958

Crick had predicted that the normal flow of

information from nucleic acid to protein is

not reversible

Past 100 years

Biochemistry had

emerged as a

dynamic science

1 Introduction to Biochemistry [Compatibility Mode][1]

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