APPENDIX F • SAJB Wellhead Protection Documentation and PCSI for 2017 • Sanitary Control Areas and Covenants

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Spokane Aquifer Joint Board (SAJB) 2007 Wellhead Protection Update SAJB approved 20 September 2007

following previous version 28 June; & drafts 12 June, 6 June, 15 May, 20 April, 2 April ; 16 Feb 2007

Well

Aquifer Flow Direction

Modeled Capture Area

Aquifer Flow Direction

Potential “Special

Wellhead Protection

Zone”

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Purpose

To comprehensively re-evaluate previously modeled capture areas using a new set of parameters designed

to a) reduce the length of modeled capture areas, and b) generally widen the capture areas, such that the

overall area being considered for wellhead protection is reduced to a size that might be acceptable to land

use regulators for application of protective zoning. In addition, the SAJB wishes to make clear its

member’s desires in terms of the activities that should be regulated in the capture areas and in terms of

added protections over the Aquifer.

Aquifer Protection

SAJB water purveyors are of one mind in terms of aquifer protection - IT IS ESSENTIAL and, here should

only be strengthened - not reduced. Wellhead protection is a subset of aquifer protection. It is not the

purpose of this current effort to reduce existing wellhead protection or to reduce existing aquifer protection.

Terminology State law required purveyors to technically define wellhead protection areas. Purveyors across the State

had varying requirements depending on local conditions and Department of Health concerns. In many

cases the capture areas for 6 month, 1, 5, and 10 year time of travel were required to be done. There was

also at least an option for defining “special wellhead protection areas” in addition to the fixed time of travel

zones. Technically defined areas coming from this 2007 update should be considered as “Special Wellhead

Protection Areas” no matter the time of travel.

None of the technically defined areas have standing in terms of land-use regulation until the local land-use

regulators (Cities, and Counties) adopt such zones and define the applicable conditions. Locally Spokane

County has adopted some zones and applied conditions through the CARA regulations. The current

County regulations are considered by the SAJB to be more aquifer protection in nature than wellhead

protection.

In this document the term “Special Wellhead Protection Zone” is used to refer to anticipated regulated

zones that are based on the technically defined Special Wellhead Protection Areas. It is understood that the

Special Wellhead Protection Zones may differ from the Special Wellhead Protection Areas in a number of

respects. For example a zone might follow parcel boundaries, and might encompass more than a single

wellhead area.

Wellhead Protection Area Modeling

The changes in capture area length and width reduce capture area uncertainty arising from varying pumping

rates, and model accuracy and precision limits. These changes in area size arise from the following

changes in model inputs:

1) The base model was adjusted such that average pumping rates were input for all purveyor wells

with the exception of Spokane Industrial Park who indicated that their maximum pumping rate should be

used.

2) Each well’s capture area was then separately modeled using the same average pumping rate base

model, but after changing the particular well’s pumping rate to the actual maximum pumping rate and/or

the water right instantaneous maximum pumping rate, all as specified by the purveyor.

3) Before the model was used to map each capture area, the model was set to recalculate

groundwater elevations with the new pumping rate for the well. This recalculation was done in a consistent

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manner for all the wells by specifying that the model calculations be done until the changes in head were no

greater than .0001 feet.

4) The capture area delineation was run with an assumed porosity of 0.20.

5) The modeled time, varied at each well to match the purveyors provided importance factor,

limited the length of the capture areas. The purveyors agreed to a limit of no more than two years time of

travel and no less than a radius of 500 feet in determining their importance factors for each well.

6) At least five “starting” depths evenly located down the full depth of the aquifer at the well were

used. At each “starting” depth the model traced at least 20 particles up-gradient ending at the point the

importance factor derived time was reached.

The current model is a Microfem model (Dr. C.J. Hemker, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; microfem.com)

originally used by CH2M-Hill for the City of Spokane and the Spokane Aquifer Joint Board and was

modified by Lloyd Brewer who changed the model from a horizontal base NAD 1927 to NAD 1983

making model outputs compatible with current City and County GIS base maps.

As the current model does not extend into Idaho, the capture areas that would extend into Idaho are to be

hand drawn using available technical information such that the capture area is mapped as best practically

can be done.

Future Modeling

SAJB members are aware of some potential deficiencies in the current aquifer model being used for the

capture zone delineation. In particular: 1) a more recent County model indicated greater flows moving

through the Trinity Trough; 2) more study has been done on the partially confined lower unit

(Hillyard/Little Spokane) aquifer during the Bi-State Aquifer Study; and 3) updated information is

expected as well on aquifer thickness. It is expected the Bi-State Aquifer Model will either be able to be

used in making the delineations to be regulated or that the existing Microfem model will be updated with

data from the Bi-State Aquifer Study, and the delineations then performed. In the long run a model with

associated input and output files needs to be recognized and maintained for regional wellhead protection

delineation work. In addition the modeling protocols need to be defined and standardized.

Future Wells

The SAJB has provided special wellhead protection capture areas for a couple of anticipated future wells.

It is to be understood that all future well sites have not been identified, and it is expected that future well

capture areas will be determined and added for protection as they are developed. It is understood by the

purveyors that the legal protections these zones provide may take some time to implement for new wells.

The SAJB intent is that this implementation time be kept as short as possible.

Zoning

Relatively high risk business activities have been identified with intent that such business activities would

not be allowed in special wellhead protection zones unless the proponent gains approval via one of the

following two methods:

1) The business proponent obtains a sign-off from the purveyor(s) whose special wellhead

protection zone(s) would be developed in, obtains a sign-off from the Land Use Regulator(s) whose

regulatory limits the development would lay within, and finally obtains sign-off from Washington State

Department of Health or its designee.

OR

2) The business proponent goes through a public hearing examiner process and gains approval for

the development with or without mitigation.

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Relatively High Risk Business Activities

These activities are as previously defined by the old Policy Coordinating Committee except as highlighted

below, having been reviewed more recently by the SAJB and the Aquifer Protection Council. Relatively

high-risk land use activities include but are not limited to:

Animal Feedlots

Bio-Research Facilities

Chemical/Agricultural Chemical Warehousing

Composite (“fiberglass”) Products Manufacturing

Dry Cleaning (performed on location)

Electronics Manufacturing

Electroplating

Engine & Vehicle Repair/Service/Salvage

Furniture Stripping

Junk Yards

Metal Fabrication

Mining/Sand & Gravel Extraction

Oil & Gas Drilling

Paint Manufacturing and Wholesale Storage

Petroleum Bulk Storage & Transmission

Photo Processing

Printing and Lithography

Solid Waste Handling & Recycling Facilities

Vehicle Washing

Wastewater Bulk Storage, Treatment & Pumping Facilities

Wood Treatment Facilities

Grandfathering

The SAJB agrees that relatively high risk business activities currently occurring in special wellhead

protection areas will not be subject to the new zoning requirement, until and unless, a business plans to re-

develop or upgrade its facilities to such a degree that new building regulations apply.

Stormwater

Water purveyors want no direct injection of untreated stormwater in special wellhead protection zones. In

addition they want no more treated stormwater injection in the special protection zone than stormwater

runoff generated within that zone. Stormwater injection and injection wells should be located as far as

practical from wellheads.

Stormwater disposal facilities over the Aquifer, but not in special wellhead protection zones, that are

designed to handle greater volumes than would be modeled coming from a wellhead protection area should

be required to be modeled using the same aquifer model used for wellhead protection capture zone

delineation. No significant change in well capture areas should be demonstrated, the recharge should be

more than a two year time of travel from all drinking water wells, and no more than 10% of any well’s

modeled production should come from this type of recharge.

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Wastewater

-Sewage Properly designed, constructed, and functioning wastewater collection systems (nominally, 8-inch diameter

pipes) should be encouraged within wellhead protection zones in so far as septic systems are eliminated and

wastewater is conveyed away from the zones to treatment facilities. Additional wastewater conveyance

systems should be avoided in special wellhead protection zones whenever an alternative route is feasible.

Undersized systems and systems of questionable integrity should be upgraded and/or removed from the

special wellhead protection zones within 5 years of such a determination. Wastewater force mains should

be constructed outside special wellhead protection zones wherever practical. If a portion of a force main

system must be located within a zone, that portion must be constructed of ductile iron pipe. Wastewater

transmission mains (12-inch diameter pipe and larger) should not be located in special wellhead protection

zones whenever an alternate route is feasible. If a portion of a transmission main system must be located

within a zone it must be placed as far from the wellhead as possible and that portion must be constructed of

either ductile iron or reinforced concrete with gasketed and sealed joints.

-Septage

Septic systems can be permitted in special wellhead protection zones, but only if in compliance with the

most recent health district requirements, and only when in densities of no greater than one single family

residence system in five acres. Should a water purveyor document diminished water quality due to septic

systems, the appropriate land-use regulator, County, and the Spokane Regional Health District should

cooperatively work to eliminate the septic system(s) from the wellhead protection zone.

Reclaimed Water

-Reuse

Washington State Class A reclaimed wastewater can be used in special wellhead protection areas for

otherwise acceptable commercial/industrial activities and can be used for outdoor irrigation where the rate

of application does not exceed the normal plant uptake rate less available precipitation. The use of

reclaimed wastewater, if of a lower classification than Class A in a special wellhead protection zone,

should be treated as a relatively high risk activity and not permitted without a public hearing to decide

appropriate controls and conditions.

-Recharge

Surface percolation and/or direct injection of Washington Class A reclaimed water into the groundwater

and/or into the ground below the ground surface for recharge can occur in special wellhead protection areas

if such injected water is no closer to drinking water wells than one year time of travel. Surface percolation

of reclaimed wastewater into the Spokane Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer should be the preferred type of

reclaimed wastewater recharge permitted and then only permitted if the reclaimed water is class A.

Recharge projects should be required to be modeled using the same aquifer model used for wellhead

protection capture zone delineation. No significant change in well capture areas should be demonstrated,

the recharge should be more than a one year time of travel from drinking water wells, and no more than

10% of any well’s modeled production should come from this type of recharge.

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CWSPArea Site Name StndAddress DistrictComParcelNumber YearAddedRecordAddSourceID MailingName MailingAddress MailingCSZ Tier2 Contaminated Description1 Description2 Status CITY_WD SpecWellheadProtection City State Zip IndexIDdupeMillwood, Town of ARROW CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY 10225 E TRENT keep 45081.0425 2014 2014 Millwood Permit ARROW CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY 9915 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE VALLEY,  WA  99206‐4204 FALSE FALSE City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE VWA 99206 MOORE PERMAMULCH INCMillwood, Town of STANDARD PLUMBING HEATING CONTROL CORP 10419 E TRENT KEEP 45081.0441 2002 2002 DOR STANDARD PLUMBING HEATING 10419 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE VALLEY, WA  99206 FALSE FALSE DOR SpoCoPermit City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99206 35081.5903Millwood, Town of HILDEBRAND AUTO 10423 E TRENT keep 45081.0431 2014 2014 Millwood Permit HILDEBRAND AUTO 10423 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE VALLEY, WA  99206 FALSE FALSE City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE VWA 99206 3458 S DISHMAN MICAMillwood, Town of SATIVA SISTERS/AMSTERDAM COFFEE CLUB 10525 E TRENT KEEP 45081.0429 2017 2017 SpoCoPermits 1105 N LINCOLN ST FALSE FALSE 65 Service ‐ Professional City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells Millwood Butler Well ‐ N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99206 24195Millwood, Town of WALGREENS 2702 N ARGONNE KEEP 45082.1611 2007 2007 SpoCoPermit SEG MILLWOOD LLC 845 106TH AVE NE STE 100 BELLEVUE, WA  98004 FALSE FALSE Fire Sprinkler City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99206 MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55440Millwood, Town of Rockwood Clinic 2713 N ARGONNE KEEP 45071.1720 2014 2014 Millwood Permit Rockwood Clinic 2713 N ARGONNE RD SPOKANE,  WA   99212 FALSE FALSE City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99212 3425 E HAWTHORNEMillwood, Town of Millwood Family Dental 3018 N ARGONNE keep 45082.0707 2009 2009 Ecology Millwood Family Dental 3018 N ARGONNE RD Spokane,  WA   99212 FALSE FALSE RSVP City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99212 21384Millwood, Town of GERBER AUTO & COLLISION 3106 N ARGONNE keep 45082.0018 2016 2016 SpoCoPermit GERBER AUTO & COLLISION 3106 N ARGONNE RD Spokane Valley, WA 99212 FALSE FALSE GENOFF City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99212 Savage House PizzaMillwood, Town of INLAND EMPIRE PAPER CO 3320 N ARGONNE keep 45053.0002 2002 2003 EPA INLAND EMPIRE PAPER CO 3320 N ARGONNE RD Spokane,  WA   99212‐2099 FALSE TRUE TOXICS VOLUNTARY CLEANUP SITES City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 Spokane WA 99212‐209 1015 E FRANCISMillwood, Town of Seven‐Eleven Food Store #14424 3409 N ARGONNE KEEP 45064.0917 2002 2002 Ecology Seven‐Eleven Food Store #14424 3409 N ARGONNE RD SPOKANE,  WA   99212 FALSE FALSE UST City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99212 YearAddedMillwood, Town of Masters Motors 3501 N ARGONNE keep 45064.0801 2016 2016 Millwood Permit Masters Motors 3501 N Argonne Rd SPOKANE,  WA   99212 FALSE FALSE City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99212 CONSTRUCT FOUNDATION FOR 400 GALLON ABOVE GROUND DEF TANK & DISPENSERMillwood, Town of THE LAWN GUYS 8605 E FREDERICK KEEP 45071.0029 2009 2009 Millwood Permit THE LAWN GUYS 8605 E FREDERICK AVE SPOKANE,  WA  99212‐2104 FALSE FALSE City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99212 66Millwood, Town of WEST VALLEY SCHOOL DIST 363 8818 E GRACE KEEP 45071.0601 2002 2002 SpoCoPermit WEST VALLEY SCHOOL DIST 363 8818 E GRACE AVE SPOKANE,  WA   99212 FALSE FALSE SpoCoPermit City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99212 5002Millwood, Town of ALBERTSON'S 8851 E TRENT KEEP 45071.1718 2002 2002 Ecology ALBERTSON'S 8851 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE VALLEY,  WA  99212‐2332 FALSE FALSE HWG City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99212 Triple Plate ChromeMillwood, Town of Magic Nails 8901 E TRENT #102 keep 45071.1717 2015 2015 Millwood Magic Nails 8901 E TRENT AVE #102 SPOKANE VALLEY, WA  99212 FALSE FALSE City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99212 SPOKANE, WA  99212‐1128Millwood, Town of Affordable Dentures 8901 E TRENT #104 keep 45071.1717 2015 2015 Millwood Affordable Dentures 8901 E TRENT AVE #104 SPOKANE VALLEY, WA  99212 FALSE FALSE City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99212 23991Millwood, Town of Mobile 8915 E TRENT keep 45071.1721 2014 2014 Millwood Mobile 8915 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE, WA   99212 FALSE FALSE Fuel Oil Tank 54 Retail ‐ Food City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99212 7777 N DivisionMillwood, Town of MAJESTIC NAIL SALON 9005 E EUCLID KEEP 45064.1712 2009 2009 Millwood Permit MAJESTIC NAIL SALON 9005 E EUCLID AVE SPOKANE,  WA  99212‐2049 FALSE FALSE City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 Millwood WA 99212 231Millwood, Town of B & E ELECTRIC INC 9012 E GRACE keep 45071.0603 2002 2002 DOR B & E ELECTRIC INC 9012 E GRACE AVE SPOKANE,  WA   99212 FALSE FALSE DOR City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99212 36293.0083Millwood, Town of MILLWOOD BREWING C0MPANY 9013 E FREDERICK KEEP 45071.0208 2017 2017 SpoCoPermits 6008 E LYONS LN FALSE FALSE 64 Service ‐ Repair City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99212 24212Millwood, Town of Millwood Maintenance Shop 9103 E FREDERICK keep 45082.0011 2014 2014 Millwood Permit CITY OF MILLWOOD 9103 E FREDERICK AVE SPOKANE VALLEY, WA  99206 FALSE FALSE Light Utility Storage City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 Millwood WA 99206 3425 E HAWTHORNE RDMillwood, Town of SPOKANE VALLEY FIRE DEPARTMENT 9111 E FREDERICK keep 45082.0029 2014 2014 SpoCoPermit FIRE STATION 9111 E FREDERICK AVE MILLWOOD, WA   99206 FALSE FALSE Light Utility Storage 76 Park City SPC, Electric & Parkwater Wells Millwood Old Park Well, New Park Well ‐ N Spokane Wells #3,4 MILLWOODWA 99206 2623 S VERCLERMillwood, Town of MILLWOOD ANIMAL CLINIC 9303 E TRENT KEEP 45082.1307 2002 2002 SpoCoPermit MILLWOOD ANIMAL CLINIC 9303 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE VALLEY,  WA  99206‐4217 FALSE FALSE SpoCoPermit City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99206 SPOKANE WA   99208‐9354Millwood, Town of JOE'S 420 RX LLC 9317 E TRENT keep 45082.1310 2013 2013 SpoCoPermit JOE'S 420 RX LLC 9317 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE, WA   99206 FALSE FALSE City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99206 Spokane Co Water District Koren WellMillwood, Town of CUSTOMIZED CABLE SERVICES 9319 E TRENT KEEP 45082.1310 2009 2009 Millwood Permit CUSTOMIZED CABLE SERVICES 9319 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE VALLEY,  WA  99206‐4217 FALSE FALSE City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 ‐ Orchard Ave Wells #1,2 SPOKANE WA 99206 WAMillwood, Town of AVISTA MILLWOOD 115KV SUBSTATION 9601 E FREDERICK keep 45082.0001 2014 2014 Ecology AVISTA CORPORATION PO Box 3727 SPOKANE, WA  99220‐3727 TRUE FALSE TIER2 Businesses that store 10,000 pounds or more of a hazardou Active City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells Millwood Old Park Well, New Park Well ‐ N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE VWA 99206 23220Millwood, Town of KIMMET MOBILE REPAIR 9817 E EMPIRE KEEP 45082.0626 2009 2009 Millwood Permit KIMMET MOBILE REPAIR 9817 E EMPIRE AVE SPOKANE,  WA  99206‐4378 FALSE FALSE City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells N Spokane Wells #3,4 Millwood WA 99206 2013Millwood, Town of ARROW  RENTAL 9905 E TRENT KEEP 45081.0522 2017 2017 SpoCoPermits PO BOX 11133 FALSE FALSE 51 Wholesale City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells Millwood Old Park Well, New Park Well ‐ N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99206 24213Millwood, Town of ARROW CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY 9915 E Trent KEEP 45081.0537 2009 2009 Millwood Permit ARROW CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY 9915 E TRENT AVE SPOKANE VALLEY,  WA  99206‐4204 FALSE FALSE City 5Yr CZ, Electric & Parkwater Wells Millwood Old Park Well, New Park Well ‐ N Spokane Wells #3,4 SPOKANE WA 99206 111