1 4 October 2007CCSDS Fall neeting 2007 Wireless S/C Interfaces BOF Meeting.

14 October 2007 CCSDS Fall neeting 2007

Wireless S/C InterfacesBOF

Meeting

CCSDS Fall neeting 2007 24 October 2007

Summary:

• BOF kicked-off Fall 2004 CCSDS meeting (Toulouse)

• Consolidation in 2005 Spring and Fall meetings (Athens, Atlanta) and regular teleconferences – Preliminary draft WG charter and position paper produced

• Technical notes produced by the BOF

• Spring 2006 discussion on positioning the Wireless within SOIS (ad-hoc services..)

• Consolidation through ESTEC workhop (July 2006) and Colorado Spring (January 2007)

• Several BOF Teleconferences during 1rst half 2007

• Consolidated Draft Working group charter issued August 2007

•


Wireless Activities on ESA side Wireless Activities on ESA side


Summary:

• Optical/wireless data transmission

• Intra S/C optical wireless communications and sensor network

• In orbit flight demonstration of optical wireless CAN bus on FOTON capsule

• Duolog (802.15.4 baseband and MAC IPs)

• SSTL and Surrey University : Wireless sensor motes for space applications

• Future: Wireless sensor network and AIT/EGSE

•

54 October 2007 CCSDS Fall neeting 2007

OWDT – Optical Wireless Data OWDT – Optical Wireless Data TransmissionTransmission

Project OverviewProject OverviewKarl WehrleKarl Wehrle

Extract Final Presentation ESA contract Extract Final Presentation ESA contract

12.09.2007, Oerlikon Space AG, Zürich12.09.2007, Oerlikon Space AG, Zürich


Demonstrator test set-upDemonstrator test set-up

On the table tests On the table tests Closed box Closed box tests with Mock-uptests with Mock-up


Project DeliverablesProject Deliverables

Mockup (Venus Express)Mockup (Venus Express) Optical-Demonstrator (H/W and S/W)Optical-Demonstrator (H/W and S/W) RF-Demonstrator (H/W and S/W)RF-Demonstrator (H/W and S/W) Spacecraft Onboard Interface Services (SOIS) Spacecraft Onboard Interface Services (SOIS) Demonstrator documentation setDemonstrator documentation set Technology roadmap for RF wireless Technology roadmap for RF wireless

communication onboard a Spacecraftcommunication onboard a Spacecraft Overall final reportOverall final report Executive summaryExecutive summary


ConclusionConclusion

Based on our investigations and test results the Based on our investigations and test results the following project outcome can be provided:following project outcome can be provided:

Reliable RF-Wireless communications within all Reliable RF-Wireless communications within all cavities is possiblecavities is possible• Up to 12Mbps for WLAN 802.11gUp to 12Mbps for WLAN 802.11g• Up to 250Kbps for BluetoothUp to 250Kbps for Bluetooth

Reliable Optical-wireless communications within cavities is Reliable Optical-wireless communications within cavities is possiblepossible

• With100Mbps high speed direct line of sightWith100Mbps high speed direct line of sight• With 4Mbps medium data-rate diffuse Intra- and Inter-With 4Mbps medium data-rate diffuse Intra- and Inter-

cavitycavity


OutlookOutlook

From our today’s point of view wireless From our today’s point of view wireless communication technology could have a good communication technology could have a good chance to be applied in the following use cases:chance to be applied in the following use cases:

• as main system busas main system bus• as high speed networkas high speed network• as sensor network for intra- and inter- spacecraft as sensor network for intra- and inter- spacecraft

applicationsapplications• as auxiliary (redundant) data busas auxiliary (redundant) data bus• as extension of standard data busses (SpaceWire CANbus as extension of standard data busses (SpaceWire CANbus

etc.)etc.)• as AIT supportas AIT support


Intra S/C Optical WirelessIntra S/C Optical Wireless

Intra S/C Optical Wireless Intra S/C Optical Wireless : Local optical networks of self-powered sensors inside a multi-cavity satellite


This self-powered sensors application is adapted to the wireless technology

The terminals are really independent without any data or power wires. Miniature units are implemented in the satellite to monitor the environment or some performances.

There embed their own power source to supply the sensor, the internal electronic and the optical emitter.

Note : Phase 1 terminated – Currently Phase 2 on going (CDR in October)


Flight Experiment : Foton CapsuleFlight Experiment : Foton Capsule

CAN Optical Wireless bus interconnect DHS and CAN Optical Wireless bus interconnect DHS and experimentsexperiments


SSSTL and Surrey UniversitySSSTL and Surrey UniversityWireless Motes for space studyWireless Motes for space study

The objective: Wireless technologies are extremely suitable for use in small spacecraft and

distributed space architectures. Using standard commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) protocols and hardware inside the spacecraft for intra-satellite communication can reduce harness leading to lighter designs. Utilisation of wireless communication for inter-satellite connectivity in distributed space networks will allow individual satellites to exchange data and share resources. This will make it possible to achieve collaboration between satellites, improving conventional missions performance and moving towards the ultimate goal of the distributed approach. This 6-month study looks into wireless kits referred to as motes and investigates how they can be used for intra-satellite and inter-satellite communication. The information presented here is gathered within two months from the start of the study and aims to determine on-board data handling requirements for use of wireless mote kits on board small satellites manufactured by Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL).


2.1.2 Two-level clustered network architecture

For a practical satellite network with wireless inter-satellite link, a two-level satellite

cluster is proposed [2], which aims to develop an ad-hoc network with picosatellites in

the low earth orbit (LEO). The mass of such satellites is less than 1 kg. Sensing and onboard

computing are also expected within the satellite network. Figure 1 shows thenetwork architecture of the satellite cluster. The master node is a larger

microsatellite;and all the slave nodes are picosatellites. Within one cluster, the master satellite

serves asthe cluster head, and controls the slave satellites. All the communications

betweendifferent satellite clusters, and the ground station take place via the master

satellite. Theslave satellites together with the master satellite are grouped as an ad-hoc

network, whichallows peer-to-peer communication between two nodes within the cluster, for

exampleslave to slave or master to slave.


New ITT focus on wireless sensor network New ITT focus on wireless sensor network

Mainly based on 802.15.4 Mainly based on 802.15.4 3 use cases scenarios: intra S/C, AIT, local planetary surface 3 use cases scenarios: intra S/C, AIT, local planetary surface

network (small devices)network (small devices) Perform a realistic demonstration of the 3 cases under Perform a realistic demonstration of the 3 cases under

realistic environmentrealistic environment Develop a subset of the wireless interfaces modules (radio+ Develop a subset of the wireless interfaces modules (radio+

mac/baseband) near of flight quality i.e. to be easily mac/baseband) near of flight quality i.e. to be easily transferred to a flight technology demonstration mission transferred to a flight technology demonstration mission

Support the CCSDS working group (active participation to the Support the CCSDS working group (active participation to the WG)WG)

Technology assessment including environment tests in case Technology assessment including environment tests in case COTS are usedCOTS are used

Wireless interfaces to CAN and SpaceWire for EGSE/AIT Wireless interfaces to CAN and SpaceWire for EGSE/AIT support instrumentssupport instruments


Back up slidesBack up slides

....


Space link services areaSpace link services area

The Space Link services area is in charge, within The Space Link services area is in charge, within CCSDS, to develop efficient space link CCSDS, to develop efficient space link communications systems common to all communications systems common to all participating agencies. A space link interconnects participating agencies. A space link interconnects a spacecraft with its ground support system or a spacecraft with its ground support system or with another spacecraft. Agencies' new with another spacecraft. Agencies' new generations of space missions require generations of space missions require telecommand and telemetry capabilities beyond telecommand and telemetry capabilities beyond current technologies. These new needs are for current technologies. These new needs are for higher data rates, better link performances, more higher data rates, better link performances, more performing ranging systems, together with lower performing ranging systems, together with lower cost, mass and power and higher securitycost, mass and power and higher security


Space Internetworking services areaSpace Internetworking services area

As spacecraft become more complex onboard and as their As spacecraft become more complex onboard and as their interactions with peer spacecraft and with the ground become interactions with peer spacecraft and with the ground become more complex, designers will become compelled to seriously more complex, designers will become compelled to seriously consider the use of networking technologies to support those consider the use of networking technologies to support those interactions. The Space Internetworking Services Area interactions. The Space Internetworking Services Area provides services and protocols to address networked provides services and protocols to address networked interactions of many forms: interactions of many forms: - between spacecraft and earth-based resources, - between spacecraft and earth-based resources, - among spacecraft, - among spacecraft, - between spacecraft and landed elements, and - between spacecraft and landed elements, and - within heterogeneous spacecraft. - within heterogeneous spacecraft. The SIS Area deals with communication services and protocols The SIS Area deals with communication services and protocols that are independent of specific link technology (as a lower that are independent of specific link technology (as a lower layer bound) and independent of application-specific semantics layer bound) and independent of application-specific semantics (as an upper bound). This covers essentially the network (as an upper bound). This covers essentially the network through application layers of the OSI reference model. The SIS through application layers of the OSI reference model. The SIS Area accommodates all ranges of delay, interactivity, and Area accommodates all ranges of delay, interactivity, and directionality, although not all protocols are appropriate for all directionality, although not all protocols are appropriate for all environments.environments.


Scope of SOIS AreaScope of SOIS Area

SOIS is an On Board System ‘Building Block’

It provides:

• Standardised services to applications in a layered architecture of on board communications from applications to physical bus layer

•It allows to isolate the development and evolution of on board applications independently from the physical implementations of the underlying communications (middleware approach).

•It means enhanced portability of applications but it means also an easier introduction of new technology for implementing the communications themselves

•It provides the potential for a ‘plug and play’ capability reducing the amount of work, in particular validation and testing when introducing modifications in a system.


DataLinkLayer

User Applications

SpaceWireEthernet IEEE1394 CAN 1553

Denotes service access point

Net

wor

k M

anag

emen

t Ser

vice

s

Network Protocol

Transport ProtocolTransferLayer

Plu

g an

d P

lay

Ser

vice

s

USB ONE WireWireless

Packet TransferService

Get/SetService

MemoryAccessService

Time Distribution

Service

DeviceDiscoveryService

TestService

Sub-NetworkLayer

SOIS Service ArchitectureSOIS Service Architecture

Generic Data Link Convergence

DeviceEnumeration

Service

ApplicationSupport Layer

TimeAccessService

FileServices

MessageTransferService

Cmd & DataAcquisitionServices

Compression/Encryption

Mobility/Power Mgt


Wireless prospectiveWireless prospective

By “wireless” is meant wireless networking :By “wireless” is meant wireless networking :• Interest of wireless onboard communications in Interest of wireless onboard communications in

SpacecraftSpacecraft• Necessity of harness reductionNecessity of harness reduction• Increased flexibility during the AIT phaseIncreased flexibility during the AIT phase• Availability of COTS technology for wireless Availability of COTS technology for wireless

communication based on RF technologycommunication based on RF technology• One of the fastest growing market in commercial One of the fastest growing market in commercial

telecommunicationtelecommunication• Reuse from the state of the art protocols, simulators, Reuse from the state of the art protocols, simulators,

test-benches and componentstest-benches and components• Investment necessary for operating the commercial Investment necessary for operating the commercial

devices in the space environment.devices in the space environment.• Technology valid for on board and off boardTechnology valid for on board and off board


INTA’s Demonstrator (1)

RTU

Wired sensors

OW Low-speed Network (<128Kbps)

RTU

External pay-load

OW 1553 Medium speed Netwok (1Mbps)Video

camera

Dummy boxes

OW High speed Link (200 Mbps)


Emission lobe

Emitter on OBMU

Reflection

Link budget simulationsLink budget simulationsLocation of Location of emitter/receivers andemitter/receivers and repeaters repeaters to ensure to ensure coverage.coverage.

MaterialMaterial [600,900] [600,900] absorptanceabsorptance used used

MLIMLI 0.250.25

CarbonCarbon 0.800.80

ChromeChrome 0.100.10

AluminiumAluminium 0.200.20

AlodineAlodine 0.500.50

AnodisedAnodised 0.600.60

Black paintBlack paint 0.850.85

White paintWhite paint 0.150.15

E3000MARS EXPRESS


Validation in a mock-up with

-Same dimension than flight model

-Same number and size of units

-MLI on central cone and top floor

Solution implemented: 3 IR systems

HW ARCHITECTURE

•Low data rate (IrDA)network @ 115Kbps

in diffuse configuration for platform

(AOCS, RTUs…).

• Medium diffuse link @ 1Mbps at

physical layer level for payload

Equipment.

• High data rate point to point

link @ 100Mbps (Ethernet) for

payload instrumentation.


OWDT project

Validation of a Wireless RF layer for on board data communications in an operational and comparison with optical medium/high speed

The team:Oerlikon (CH) and Erzia (E), CSEM (CH), Astrium (F),

UPM Madrid)


OWDT Demonstrator OWDT Demonstrator

RF-Demonstrator Demonstrator control station S/W driven by Windows XP

(better GUI support)

Wireless Node S/W driven by Linux (better real-time behaviour)

Communication S/W to connect nodes and control station over TCP

Custom-built wireless protocol S/W with CCSDS SOIS APIs

Optical-Demonstrator Real-time S/W for N.I. CompactRIO with LabView (4Mbps

medium speed)

Simple S/W for testing the optical link at low level (100Mbps high speed)


Demonstrator TestsDemonstrator Tests

Tests criteriaTests criteria• data throughputdata throughput• delaydelay• packet loss (WLAN)packet loss (WLAN)• rx powerrx power• SNR (WLAN)SNR (WLAN)

bit error rate (BT)bit error rate (BT) tx power (BT)tx power (BT)

Adjustable test parametersAdjustable test parameters• Tx powerTx power• Transmission channelTransmission channel• Position of antennaPosition of antenna• Node distance within or between cavitiesNode distance within or between cavities• Material and kind of surfaces of the cavity wallsMaterial and kind of surfaces of the cavity walls• Number and size of the holes in the cavity wallsNumber and size of the holes in the cavity walls


Demonstrator test set-upDemonstrator test set-up

On the table tests On the table tests Closed box Closed box tests tests


Project DeliverablesProject Deliverables

Mockup (Venus Express)Mockup (Venus Express) Optical-Demonstrator (H/W and S/W)Optical-Demonstrator (H/W and S/W) RF-Demonstrator (H/W and S/W)RF-Demonstrator (H/W and S/W) Spacecraft Onboard Interface Services (SOIS) Spacecraft Onboard Interface Services (SOIS) Demonstrator documentation setDemonstrator documentation set Technology roadmap for RF wireless Technology roadmap for RF wireless

communication onboard a Spacecraftcommunication onboard a Spacecraft Overall final reportOverall final report Executive summaryExecutive summary


Conclusion (OWDT)Conclusion (OWDT)

Based on our investigations and test results the Based on our investigations and test results the following project outcome can be provided:following project outcome can be provided:

Reliable RF-Wireless communications within all Reliable RF-Wireless communications within all cavities is possiblecavities is possible• Up to 12Mbps for WLAN 802.11gUp to 12Mbps for WLAN 802.11g• Up to 250Kbps for BluetoothUp to 250Kbps for Bluetooth

Reliable Optical-wireless communications within cavities is Reliable Optical-wireless communications within cavities is possiblepossible

• With100Mbps high speed direct line of sightWith100Mbps high speed direct line of sight• With 4Mbps medium data-rate diffuse Intra- and Inter-With 4Mbps medium data-rate diffuse Intra- and Inter-

cavitycavity


On going/future projectOn going/future project

Optical Wireless: Optical Wireless:

RD activity is going on for Intra-S/C optical wireless RD activity is going on for Intra-S/C optical wireless with INTA (E) as a prime with Las Palmas with INTA (E) as a prime with Las Palmas University, UPM (Madrid), CRISA (E), Technoilogica University, UPM (Madrid), CRISA (E), Technoilogica (E), Astrium (F), Thales Alenia Space (F),CEA (F). (E), Astrium (F), Thales Alenia Space (F),CEA (F).

Project is in phase 2 Project is in phase 2


On going/future projectOn going/future project

RF Wireless: RF Wireless:

Open ESA tender on RF wireless sensor of networks – Open ESA tender on RF wireless sensor of networks – Selection to be performed in October 2007 Selection to be performed in October 2007


Objectives of the new Wireless WG CCSDSObjectives of the new Wireless WG CCSDS

The CCSDS has a mature in-place international standard for short-The CCSDS has a mature in-place international standard for short-haul communications protocol termed “Prox1”haul communications protocol termed “Prox1”. . But international But international standards for standards for wireless space networkingwireless space networking do not exist. The CCSDS do not exist. The CCSDS has subcategorized short-range or surface proximity networks as:has subcategorized short-range or surface proximity networks as:

Intra-vehicleIntra-vehicle: Internal vehicle (or habitat) extremely short-range : Internal vehicle (or habitat) extremely short-range wireless links and networking (10 m range).wireless links and networking (10 m range).

Inter-vehicleInter-vehicle: Vehicle-to-vehicle short-range and medium range (1 : Vehicle-to-vehicle short-range and medium range (1 km – 20 km).km – 20 km).

Planetary surface-to-surface wireless links and networkingPlanetary surface-to-surface wireless links and networking (100 m – several kilometers.(100 m – several kilometers.

• EVA (Extra-Vehicular Activity) local links with planetary rover EVA (Extra-Vehicular Activity) local links with planetary rover vehicles (RV) and/or habitats;vehicles (RV) and/or habitats;

• RV-habitat links when RV is close to habitat;RV-habitat links when RV is close to habitat;• Links between independent local systems (e.g., habitats, Links between independent local systems (e.g., habitats,

robots, external assets).robots, external assets). Orbiter relay-to-planetary surface links and networkingOrbiter relay-to-planetary surface links and networking. . ]]Robotic communications is the same functional wireless area as Robotic communications is the same functional wireless area as

planetary surface communications.planetary surface communications.


C O N C LU S I O N C O N C LU S I O N

with images…with images…


NO COMMUNICATIONSNO COMMUNICATIONSNo DataNo Data

No CommandsNo CommandsNo PicturesNo Pictures

No VideoNo VideoNo VoiceNo VoiceNo SafetyNo Safety

NO SCIENCENO SCIENCENO EXPLORATIONNO EXPLORATION


BACKUP SLIDESBACKUP SLIDES


Welcome to the Space Link Services (SLS) Welcome to the Space Link Services (SLS) Collaborative Work Environment. Collaborative Work Environment.

The Space Link services area is in charge, within The Space Link services area is in charge, within CCSDS, to develop efficient space link CCSDS, to develop efficient space link communications systems common to all participating communications systems common to all participating agencies. A space link interconnects a spacecraft with agencies. A space link interconnects a spacecraft with its ground support system or with another spacecraft. its ground support system or with another spacecraft. Agencies' new generations of space missions require Agencies' new generations of space missions require telecommand and telemetry capabilities beyond telecommand and telemetry capabilities beyond current technologies. These new needs are for higher current technologies. These new needs are for higher data rates, better link performances, more performing data rates, better link performances, more performing ranging systems, together with lower cost, mass and ranging systems, together with lower cost, mass and power and higher security.power and higher security.


Welcome to the Space Internetworking Services (SIS) Collaborative Welcome to the Space Internetworking Services (SIS) Collaborative Work Environment. Work Environment.

As spacecraft become more complex onboard and as their As spacecraft become more complex onboard and as their interactions with peer spacecraft and with the ground become more interactions with peer spacecraft and with the ground become more complex, designers will become compelled to seriously consider the complex, designers will become compelled to seriously consider the use of networking technologies to support those interactions. The use of networking technologies to support those interactions. The Space Internetworking Services Area provides services and Space Internetworking Services Area provides services and protocols to address networked interactions of many forms: protocols to address networked interactions of many forms: - between spacecraft and earth-based resources, - between spacecraft and earth-based resources, - among spacecraft, - among spacecraft, - between spacecraft and landed elements, and - between spacecraft and landed elements, and - within heterogeneous spacecraft. - within heterogeneous spacecraft. The SIS Area deals with communication services and protocols that The SIS Area deals with communication services and protocols that are independent of specific link technology (as a lower layer bound) are independent of specific link technology (as a lower layer bound) and independent of application-specific semantics (as an upper and independent of application-specific semantics (as an upper bound). This covers essentially the network through application bound). This covers essentially the network through application layers of the OSI reference model. The SIS Area accommodates all layers of the OSI reference model. The SIS Area accommodates all ranges of delay, interactivity, and directionality, although not all ranges of delay, interactivity, and directionality, although not all protocols are appropriate for all environments. protocols are appropriate for all environments.


The primary objective of the CCSDS SOIS standard The primary objective of the CCSDS SOIS standard development activities is to radically improve the development activities is to radically improve the spacecraft flight segment data systems design and spacecraft flight segment data systems design and development process by defining generic services development process by defining generic services that will simplify the way flight software interacts that will simplify the way flight software interacts with flight hardware and permitting with flight hardware and permitting interoperability and reusability both for the benefit interoperability and reusability both for the benefit of Agencies and Industrial contractors.of Agencies and Industrial contractors.


Welcome to the Mission Operations & Management Area Welcome to the Mission Operations & Management Area (MOIMS) Collaborative Work Environment. (MOIMS) Collaborative Work Environment.

The objective of the Mission Operations & Information The objective of the Mission Operations & Information Management Services (MOIMS) Area is to address all of the Management Services (MOIMS) Area is to address all of the flight execution phase applications that are required to operate flight execution phase applications that are required to operate the spacecraft and its ground system in response to mission the spacecraft and its ground system in response to mission objectives, and their associated detailed information objectives, and their associated detailed information management standards and processes. The focus of this Area management standards and processes. The focus of this Area is primarily on the “mission operations” functions that occur on is primarily on the “mission operations” functions that occur on a timescale driven by the flight path of the space vehicle. In a timescale driven by the flight path of the space vehicle. In many cases a dedicated community conducts these mission many cases a dedicated community conducts these mission operations, while “mission utilization” occurs on a timescale operations, while “mission utilization” occurs on a timescale that is convenient for users and is often conducted by a that is convenient for users and is often conducted by a separate community. The MOIMS Area ensures that application separate community. The MOIMS Area ensures that application standards exist which facilitate the smooth transition of space standards exist which facilitate the smooth transition of space mission information between the “mission operations” systems mission information between the “mission operations” systems and the “mission utilization” systems and the “mission utilization” systems

1 4 October 2007CCSDS Fall neeting 2007 Wireless S/C Interfaces BOF Meeting.

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