08 June 2006 Portland 2006: aircraft certification session Yves Morier The EASA Advance -NPA for UAV...

08 June 2006Portland 2006: aircraft certification

sessionYves Morier

The EASA Advance -NPA for UAV systems Certification

Presentation by:Y Morier

EASA

08.06.2006 Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 2

European Aviation Safety Agency

Contents of the presentation

The A-NPAComments received during the A-NPA consultationOther selected activities on UAVPerspective and next steps for the Agency



The A-NPA: background

A-NPA 16/2005 has been issued on 7 November 2005 and is available on the EASA web-site:

http://www.easa.eu.int/home/rm_arc_en.html

Consultation closed on 7 February 2006Why an A-NPA:

UAV should be treated using a total systems approach Multiple initiatives world wide Some points not fully clear



The A-NPA: Background

Basis for the A-NPA:Report of the JAA and EUROCONTROL joint initiative on UAV (UAV Task-Force report)

Regulatory Impact Assessment:3 options reviewed:

Do nothing Propose a policy for UAV system certification Develop a comprehensive regulatory framework for UAV

systemsSelected option: Propose policy for UAV system certification:

Realistic short term objective Stimulate development of UAV even if is does not allow to

fly directly in airspace


European Aviation Safety AgencyThe A-NPA: a key decision highlighted in the explanatory note

A key decision was to not directly address ‘sense and avoid’:

EASA recognise ‘sense and avoid’ as a critical issue for safety and operations but…Criteria should be defined by authorities responsible for air navigation services complemented by specifications developed by standardisation bodies then…EASA can certify the systemsConsequence: reflected by a statement in the flight manual



The A-NPA: Outline of the policy

Scope: UAV systems with a maximum take-off mass of 150 kg or more; which are not excluded by Article 1(2) or Article 4(2) and Annex II of EC Regulation 1592/2002.Key point is to consider the UAV as a system

Objectives: Airworthiness (protection of people and property on the ground); environmental protection (ICAO annex 16)

Definitions: Notably of the UAV system




Procedure for UAV systems certification:

By and large, Part 21 is applicable

UAV system elements to be included in the type certification basis:

Any function and associated equipments that can prejudice continued safe flight and landing or environmental compatibilityTypical list is provide in attachment 1 of the policy




Type Certification basis:Adapted from existing CS for manned aircraftMethodology to select appropriate CS:

Two methods proposed for consultation purposes: only one retained at the end.

Tailoring for UAV of selected CSUAV system safety assessmentSpecial conditions:

emergency recovery capability; communication link; level of autonomy; human machine interface; Others

Detailed guidance is contained into attachment 2 to the policy




Continuing airworthiness: Part M is applicable

Environmental protection:Noise: appropriate chapters of annex 16 volume I

Need for adaptation for UAV specific use

Gaseous emissions and fuel venting: annex 16 volume II



Comments received during the A-NPA consultation

Some statistics:Around 45 organisations and individuals have commented

Authorities: e.g. UK; France (civil and military), FAA, Sweden (civil and military), Italy, Germany

Stakeholders: UAV Industry, IFATCA, IFALPA

150 pages of comments

Majority of comments concur that the option chosen by the Agency to develop a policy for UAV certification within the constraints described in the A-NPA is a step in the right direction.



Comments received during the A-NPA consultation

Highlights of comments:Role of EASA and development of a comprehensive regulatory framework for UAV.Conventional versus safety target approach for certificationThe two alternatives for selecting the manned CS‘sense and avoid’SecurityNeed for DOACertificate of airworthiness and control stationsCoordination with military working group on UAV



Other selected activities on UAV

FAA:See presentation

EUROCAE:Has launched a working group on UAV (WG-73)Coordinates wit RTCA activities.

EUROCONTROL:Specifications for the use of military UAV as operational air traffic outside segregated airspace are now being circulated for comments

ICAO:Held an exploratory meeting on May 23-24



Other selected activities on UAV

CANSO (Civil Air navigation services organisation):

Developing guidelines on introduction of UAV for Air navigation Services providers

NATO:FINAS WG is developing NATO-wide guidelines to allow cross border operations of military UAV in non-segregated airspace, including airworthiness and certification

National activities:France, Sweden, UK to name but a few.



Perspective and next steps for the Agency

Short term: publish the policy taking into account comments received

Comment response document (CRD) should be published in June 2006Policy should be published in September 2006CRD will be published for two months on the EASA web-site to allow stakeholder to review how comments have been handled



Perspective and next steps for the Agency

Medium and long term: the Agency plans to use the comments to propose a way forward for a comprehensive framework for UAV regulation.

Such a way forward should be a collaborative effort with all parties and organisations involved:

One idea would be the development of a road–map with responsibilities allocated to the actors.

The way forward will be reflected in the CRDIt will constitute the basis for a multi disciplinary task included in the Agency’s advance rulemaking planning



End of presentation

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.YOUR QUESTIONS ARE WELCOME

www.easa.europa.eu

08 June 2006 Portland 2006: aircraft certification session Yves Morier The EASA Advance -NPA for UAV...

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