05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
-
Upload
dheeraj-singh-solanki -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
1/33
Concepts about RenewableEnergy: Perception and Practice.
By,Dr.Ashok Rao, Visiting Prof.IIM Bangalore
Former Head, Network project, CEDT, IISc, Bangalore
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
2/33
Outline of PresentationIn Two parts
Part-1: Concepts, Dimensions and Dynamicsof Energy. Renewables as a choice & attitude
Part-2: India (III World) Centric views, andhandling challenges for supply of Energy
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
3/33
ENERGY:A key dimension in sustainable development
Renewables: Dr.ASHOK RAO
What is Energy?
Why Energy?
In what ways and scale?
Energy Sources and NatureHistorical Perspective
Dimensions and Dynamics of energy
Sustainability
Solutions
References and Reading
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
4/33
What is Energy ?
Keeps people warm ( and cool Too)
Cooks food
Does Work
Keeps things moving
Used for Communication and Transport
Economic and Social empowerment
Well it also causes Immense Side effects
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
5/33
Why energy ?Food : growing, processing
Life styles Shelter : material and creating
Clothing: growing, processing
Gainful employment : cottage or homeindustry, entertainment
The biggest Impact On and By Life Style:
- Energy- Global Warming
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
6/33
Goods and material : SERVICES.
Transport People : fast & reliable.
Events : people & materials ; WAR !!
Large : corporation, multinationals.
Wealth creation Co-operatives : farm, cloths, labor
Domestic: comfortable homes
productive homes (gender)
SOHO
Social & economic empowerment:
Time, energy gain for humans
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
7/33
IN WHAT WAYS & SCALE ?
SUBTLE WAY`S : Human ,plants & plants are alive
Human & related activities evensleeping !
AMAZING WAY`S : Rainfall, weather ,floods , Hurricanes,
water & carbon cycle ,seasons !
Tsunami, Soil !!!
WHAT SCALE : Microbes, atomic level
Solar System, Cosmic Level.
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
8/33
ENERGY IS THE BASIS FOR LIFE
Note : not energy pre-se ; but during interaction &transformation (of life and thus development).
ENERGY FACILITATES LIFEEnergy is the greatest EMP(OW)ERER of all
Not ICT as we are aimlessly driving our life and academic
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
9/33
ENERGY SOURCES & NATURE
Forms Potential : Blazing sun, stored water.
Geothermal NOW.Kinetic : Flowing water , blowing wind.
Biological : Photosynthesis.
Chemical : Gasoline, wood, coal, nuclear.Bio-chemical : Sugar cane , beet , potato!
HYDROGEN the next Generation Fuel.
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
10/33
Potential kinetic
Chemical kinetic
TRANSFORMATION AND CONVERSION
Direct energy conversion(DEC)
Indirect energy conversion(IDEC)
DEC
IDEC
Source 1 End use
Source kSource 2
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
11/33
ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICES
Energy in another(more useful)Form/nature
Energy in oneform ornature
Pump/MotorSolar cell
Wood stoves
IC/EC enginesWind mills
FUELS
Bio Mass, Coal, Petroleum, Sun, Wind,
Muscle power, alcohol.
Hybrid of these.
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
12/33
HISTORY
BIO MASS : Wood burning, cooking, keeping warm,metallurgy ( Hunter-Gatherer, nomadic and uncertain)
MUSCLE POWER : Agriculture, water lifting, commerce,horse, bullocks (The settlers, culture and hope)
WIND POWER : Transport, Trade & Commerce, wars &conquests (Commerce and conquests, Trade and Comm.)
HYDRO POWER : Water wheels, grinding (Comfort,
mobility, drive towards QoL, art, literature))
COAL : Steam power, Industrial revolution, mass & cheaptransport.(Amazing scale up, Colonization, VOILENCE,automation, Railways & natural resource exploitation )
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
13/33
19th Century
GASOLINE : Personal vehicle, road transportAero planes wars & wars!
LARGE SCALE BURNING OF FOSSIL FUELSLARGE SCALE DESTRUCTION OF RAIN FORESTSLARGE POPULATION LEADING UNSUSTAINABLE (high
QoL) LIFESTYLES and encouraging others also to do so
LED TO, IS INCREASING & UNLIKELY TO HALTGREEN HOUSE EFFECT, GLOBAL WARMING
OZONE DEPLETION IS NEW [ CFC, UV Factor etc ]
ELECTRICITY : Clean, easy to transport, amazing devices.
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
14/33
NUCLEAR OPTION Weapon proliferation!
WASTE & its handling
Unsafe & Expensiveoperation (Decommissioning)
Note: The most positive aspect of Nuclear Energy isZero Green house gas emission. This being marketed
aggressively in its favor by Nuclear Lobby everywhere
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
15/33
ENERGY
NON RENEWABLECOAL
PETROLEUM
RenewableBio Mass, Wind-water,Nuclear, Solar,Hydrogen.
CAUTIONScale, choice &secondary factors
decideSUSTAINABILITY
ENERGY usedKeeping warm,Cooking food,Trade, SmallEconomic
activity [ A ]
[ A ] + large scaleTrade + commerceCorporations,Devices
Empowerment [B ]
[ A ]+[ B ]+ Higherquality of life; DeviceCentered Existence
Electricity DominantTRANSPORT !
Up to 17th century 17th 19th 20th & beyond
100% renewable 20% nonrenewable >90% nonrenewable
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
16/33
15th 19th 20th
SUN IS THE SOURCE OF ALL ENERGY
-Historically, culturally and anthropologically
Hindus, Egyptians and Mayans: SUN God ! Prominent
Green house effectPopulation
Per capita income
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
Per capita income
HIGH CARBONFOOT PRINT.
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
17/33
Dimensions and Dynamics of Energy
ABUNDANT : Ideally
Forever
Not Done
NOT NECESSARILY :
Not possibleNot viable
CLEAN : At source andduring combustion Exploration
VERY POLLUTION :
ProcessingStoring
Transport
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
18/33
EQUITABLE : For allVERY UNDEMOCRATIC :
Urban & Ist World yes
III World & Villages bad
EASY TO HARNESS & USE :Simple and Efficient devices
VARIOUS DEGREE OF DIFFICULTYIst World : yes
III World : no, Villages worse
CONDITIONAL RELIABILITY :
Gulf region and its politics
RELIABLE : High (100%)
HARDLY : Hidden costsCHEAP : Free
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
19/33
Life style, Size, Night time activities (BPO, ITES) , Scale,Reliability, Economic policy, Social policies all influence
SUN ( Solar Thermal & Photo voltaic )appears best amongst ALL. Bio Mass next,Wind & Hydro are more site specific.
(all are anyways indirectly from SUN)
TO MAKE A RIGHT CHOICE AT RIGHT PLACE isSUBSTAINABILITY
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
20/33
Economic Issue : Policy & choice of Technology& Scale of economics
Social & Ethical issues : Life styles, Food habits, Human
rights, Rights of others, Gender, Quality of Life ,consumerism
Political : Energy- I st World and
Energy- III World
Undemocratic norms to sustain interests
EX: USA & Saudi Arabia, now Venezuela
Ecological Issue : Green House effectOzone depletion Choice of Source
SUSTAINABILITY
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
21/33
SOLUTIONS
Simple life styles : Minimal needs
Low energy life
Bicycle /Walk
Less processed & low on food chain items
Policies : Notion & Models for Development
Quality of life
Equitable energy at minimum level
Tax on Non Renewable
Differential Tariff on high energy demands
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
22/33
3-R and 3-W Strategies
R : Reduce W : Waste lessR : Renewables W : Waste RecyclingR : Reuse W : Waste to wealth
References & Reading
Schumacher : Small is Beautiful.
Edward Goldsmith : The Great U Turn.
Ivan Illich : Deschooling society & Tools of conviviality.
Gaviotas : A Village to Reinvent Earth.
Mohamed Yunus: Creating a world without Poverty.
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
23/33
Long wave radiation
CO2
THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
IS THE HEAT ON ?
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
24/33
Fossil fuels(oil, coal, gas)
others
Plastic foam
cleaning agents
refrigerants
Propellant gasesDeforestation
WHAT CAUSES THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT ?
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
25/33
WORLD CO2 - EMMISSION
Energy in transport 18%
Use of CFCs 17%Agriculture 15%
Energy in Homes, Business 14%
Deforestation 8%
Others 3%
Energy in Industry 25%
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
26/33
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
Forest energyresidues
Energy efficiency
In production:
HF, PH3, etc
Solar electricity
Solar heat
Energy cropsarable land
Straw
Energy forestarable land
Forest energytree-stumps
Sound / noiseWind-power
Hydropower
Household waste
Peat
Oil
Coal
commentsAestheticAreaVegetationFaunaWater/sealocalGlobal/regional
Environmental consequences of the various energy sources
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
27/33
Minor or no environmental consequences
Some environment consequences
Major environmental consequences
The table shows a comparison of the environmentalconsequences of various energy sources.
Environmental consequences include production,extraction, distribution, and consumption.
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
28/33
Population growth
Ecological system
Economic systemSocial system
If we are going to promote development that is meaningful and futureoriented. We must first recognize the interaction between ecologicalsystems, population growth, and the preconditions for social andeconomical development.
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
29/33
Japan is thanking ten years ahead,
while the Americans are preoccupied
with the profit they can get in ten minutes.
In that way they can never compete with us
Akio MoritaFounder of Sony
ISRAEL INVESTS HEAVILY TO BECOME ENERGY-INDEPENDENT
75% of all households in Israel domestic water with rooftop solarcollectors. The same figure for Jordan is 45%.
Financial Times(2000)
SSPS : Dr.ASHOK RAO
CONCEPTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
30/33
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
31/33
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
32/33
-
8/4/2019 05 Technical Session i Renewable Energy Solar Energy
33/33