N.Suttiwong

04.12.2007:TELIS meeting

Status of 1.8 THz Channel TELIS (TErahertz and submm LImb Sounder)

byNopporn Suttiwong,

Remote Sensing Technology Institute, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 2

1.8 THz Channel (DLR)1.8 THz Channel (DLR)

Mixer: Hot Electron Bolometer (HEB)

Diplexer for coupling in LO

DSB mode

LO: solid state LO technology

Digital autocorrelator spectrometer

Preliminary design of the 1.8 THz ChannelPreliminary design of the 1.8 THz Channel

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 3

1.8 THz Receiver : Diplexer Characterization at 4 K1.8 THz Receiver : Diplexer Characterization at 4 K

Diplexer OverviewDiplexer Overview

1.8 THz channel in the filght module cryostat

MPI based Diplexer

Leakage is about 0.7%

Optimizing Adjustment

on absolute power

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 4

LO=16,96602 GHz

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

230

240

250

4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800 6000

Frequency, MHzB

righ

tnes

s Te

mpe

ratu

re,K

5_16,96602:0x1410(HEBc):17.08

7_16,96602:0x1520(abs.P.):17.08

1.8 THz Receiver : Diplexer Characterization at 4 K1.8 THz Receiver : Diplexer Characterization at 4 K

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800 6000

Frequency, MHz

No

ise

Tem

per

atu

re, K

LO=1832,33 optimized with HEB's current

LO=1832,33 optimized with abs power

Comparison of NT spectrum and the calibrated spectrum measured from optimizing with HEB‘s current and the one optimized with absolute power

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 5

1.8 THz Receiver : Measurement Setup1.8 THz Receiver : Measurement Setup

Tow filter

Iceberg Amplifier

AutocorrelatorSpectrometer

LOHEB

Circulator4-6 GHz LNA

Diplexer

Polarizer

Flat mirror

300K Load

77K Load

Movable mirror

M

50 cm. 77K load

Methanal Gascell

Tow filter

Iceberg Amplifier

AutocorrelatorSpectrometerAutocorrelatorSpectrometer

LOHEB

Circulator4-6 GHz LNA

Diplexer

Polarizer

Flat mirror

300K Load300K Load

77K Load77K Load

Movable mirror

MM

50 cm. 77K load77K load

Methanal GascellMethanol Gascell

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 6

1.8 THz Receiver : Stability of receiver 1.8 THz Receiver : Stability of receiver

Integration time = 2 sec

~25 minutes measurement

Cooler at 10 K

LO: 1832.034 GHz

Absolute power from ACS (926 channels)

Standard deviation ~ +/- 0.4%

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 7

Noise temperature spectrum(across 2 GHz bandwidth)

measured in DSBmode

LO was tuned at 1830.214 GHz

Absolute NT ~2100 K

1.8 THz Receiver : System Noise Temperature Spectrum 1.8 THz Receiver : System Noise Temperature Spectrum

1500

1700

1900

2100

2300

2500

2700

4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800 6000

Frequency, MHz

No

ise

Tem

per

atu

re, K

From measurement on 29.11.2007

D:\TELIS\Measurement_results\2007\2730_11_2007_MicrowindowTHzCH\29_11_2007\ck_uWindows_reproducibility\2_c\ACS\mea2

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 8

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

4000 4500 5000 5500 6000

Frequency, MHz

Brig

htne

ss T

empe

ratu

re, K

The methanol spectrum measured in DSB mode

Measure Sequence : H-G-C-A-…

LO was tuned to 1.8428 THz

Sample gas : methanol

Cell length : 50 cm.

Window material : PE

1.8 THz Receiver : Methanol Spectrum 1.8 THz Receiver : Methanol Spectrum

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 9

Microwindow Selection for THz channelMicrowindow Selection for THz channel

* IF = 5 GHz

Species Line center/GHz LO range/GHz Sideband

OH 1834.75 1829.35-1830.25 USB

OH 1837.8 1842.70-1842.20 LSB

H2O 11 1880.75 1876.55-1875.65 USB

H2O 12 1815.85 1820.05-1820.85 LSB

H2O 13 1840.15 1834.70-1836.00 USB

H2O 14 1853.9 1858.10-1859.60 LSB

O2 2 1875.04 1870.04-1870.84 USB

HO2 1821.8 1817.40-1817.70 USB

CO 1841.36 1836.10-1836.56 USB

HCl 1873.40 1868.15-1869.05 USB

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 10

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 11

Atmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages

Why DSB mode on the first flight ?

SSB filter causes the extra standing wave in the system

SSB filter generates the audio-frequency at 4K

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 12

Microwindow Selection for THz channelMicrowindow Selection for THz channel

SPECIES PRIORITY Line center[GHz]

Line center[cm-1]

LO [GHz] Side Band

OH highest 1837,78 61,30 1832,78 USB

HO2 prefer. highest 1781,86 59,44 1786,81 LSB

HO2 highest 1821,83 60,77 1816,83 USB

O2 highest 1870,05 62,38 1875,05 LSB

NO middle 1853,59 61,83 1858,59 LSB

NO2 middle 1854,58 61,86 1859,58 LSB

HCl middle 1873,4 62,49 1868,4 LSB

H2O middle 1853,89 61,84 1858,69 LSB

O3 middle 1835,84 61,24 1830,84 USB

CO low 1841,36 61,42 1836,36 USB

HOCl low 1782,69 59,46 1777,82 USB

HOCl prefer. low 1772,82 59,14 1777,82 LSB

H2O2 low 1849,00 61,68 1844,00 USB

* IF = 5 GHz

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 13

1.8 THz receiver : NT Measurement1.8 THz receiver : NT Measurement

Power sensor

Iceberg Amplifier

Power meter

M

LOHEB

Circulator4-6 GHz LNA

Diplexer

Polarizer

Flat mirror

300K Load

77K Load

Movable mirror

Power sensor

Iceberg Amplifier

Power meter

MM

LOHEB

Circulator4-6 GHz LNA

Diplexer

Polarizer

Flat mirror

300K Load

77K Load

Movable mirror

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 14

2,58

2,6

2,62

2,64

2,66

2,68

2,7

2,72

2,74

2,76

2,78

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Time, sPo

wer,

uW

The NT measurement (solid state LO)

0,52

0,54

0,56

0,58

0,6

0,62

0,64

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Time, s

Pow

er, u

W

The NT measurement (FIR laser)

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

1.8 THz Receiver : System Noise Temperature 1.8 THz Receiver : System Noise Temperature

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 15

1.8 THz channel Prerequirement1.8 THz channel Prerequirement

RadiometricRadiometric

Tsys: <600 K (RAL) <400 K (SRON) <6000 K (DLR)

Gain error: <1%

Offset error: <1 K

Baseline ripple: <0.1 K

SpectralSpectral

Resolution : <4 MHz

Range : 2 GHz (SRON, DLR) 4 GHz (RAL)

Accuracy : <2 MHz

AtmosphereAtmosphereAtmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 16

Development of 1.8 THz Channel in Testing Cryostat

Transfer 1.8 THz channel to the TELIS’s flight module cryostat

Software development for laboratory test

Software development (ground) for the post processing which will be used in campaign

Hardware :Hardware :

Software :Software :

Scientific work:Scientific work:

Characterization of 1.8 THz Channel in Testing/Flight Module Cryostat

Characterization of the TELIS’s IF backend

IF chain

Digital autocorrelator spectrometer

Analysis the measurement data from the first campaign (Teresina, Brasil : Nov 2007)

Focus-> OH ; Satellite validation of MLS/Aura

What to be achieved?What to be achieved?

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 17

Optical bench

Window

Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel

Signal

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 18

Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel

Polarizer

Polarizer

SSB filter

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 19

Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel

Imaging Mirror

LO

SSB filter

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 20

Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel

LO

HEB

Diplexer

Imaging Mirror

fIF(USB) = fS-fLO

or

fIF(LSB) = fLO-fS

SSB filter

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 21

What has been done? / What to do more?What has been done? / What to do more?

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 22

First Integration of TELIS with MIPAS (10- 21.04.2007):First Integration of TELIS with MIPAS (10- 21.04.2007):

““TELIS side view”TELIS side view”

TELISTELIS MIPAS-BMIPAS-BFlight module cryostatFlight module cryostat

Telescope,Telescope,Optical ModuleOptical ModuleAutocorrelator plateAutocorrelator plate

““TELIS with MIPAS”TELIS with MIPAS”

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 23

TV Test in Karlsruhe (10- 21.04.2007):TV Test in Karlsruhe (10- 21.04.2007):

““TELIS in Vacuum Chamber”TELIS in Vacuum Chamber”

Heat pipe and Black body

Analog/Digital RacksAutocorrelator Plate

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 24

Limb Sounding Measurement from balloon platform

Atmospheric profiles of molecular abundances, temperature, and pressure can be determined from the measured emission spectra.

Atmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 25

Software Development:Software Development:

PC104

HEB,LO,Dip,SSB,Telescope, etc.

ACS

DB

Server

SpectrumPost-

Processing

Raw DataRaw Data

CalibratedSpectra

TCP/IP

Balloon Ground

Autocorrelator calibration

Spectral post-processing

Quantization correction

Calibrating the raw spectra

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 26

TELIS instrument’s specificationTELIS instrument’s specification

RadiometricRadiometric

Tsys: <600 K (RAL) <400 K (SRON) <6000 K (DLR)

Gain error: <1%

Offset error: <1 K

Baseline ripple: <0.1 K

SpectralSpectral

Resolution : <4 MHz

Range : 2 GHz (SRON, DLR) 4 GHz (RAL)

Accuracy : <2 MHz

AtmosphereAtmosphereAtmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 27

Atmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test

Stability of THz channel systemStability of THz channel system

Ph.D Work packages

0,E+00

1,E-07

2,E-07

3,E-07

4,E-07

5,E-07

6,E-07

7,E-07

8,E-07

1720 1740 1760 1780 1800 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900

Frequency/GHz

Pow

er/W

Bolometer

Testing cryostat

A strong influence on the receiver stability comes from the LO source. The utilization of a solid state LO provides the better system stability of the THz channel. The coupling optics was carefully designed in order to provide sufficient LO power to drive the HEB mixer.

The output power of LO (measured by The output power of LO (measured by Bolometer)Bolometer)

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 28

Atmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages

What has been done? / What to do more?What has been done? / What to do more?

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 29

TELIS Team

DLR Institut für PlanetenforschungHEB mixer for 1.8 THz channel

RAL Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, U.K.500 GHz channel, level 2 processing,cryostat design and fabrication

SRON Space Research Organisation of the Netherlands600 GHz channel, level 2 processing,optical design, HIFI technology

Chalmers University of Technology, SwedenHEB mixer for 1.8 THz channel, level 2 processing

Institut für Meteorologie und KlimaforschungForschungszentrum Karlsruhe

Gondola, consultancy

Institut für Umweltphysik, Uni BremenConsultancy

DLR Abteilung MORABAMicrocontroller, consultancy

Institut für MikrowellentechnikUniversität Bern, Switzerland

Consultancy optical design, heterodyne receiver,antenna profiles, spectrometer

DLR Institut für Methodik der FernerkundungPI, total system, 1.8 THz channel

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 30

TELIS instrument overviewLimb sounding technique

Balloon platform: height range 10-40 km, altitude resolution 2 km

TELIS consists of three channels: DLR : 1830 40 GHz

SRON : 600 – 660 GHz

RAL : 499 – 503 GHz

MIPAS &TELIS on the same platform

Species measured by TELIS

DLR : OH, HO2, HCl, NO, NO2, O3, H2O, O2, HOClRAL : BrO, ClO, O3, N2OSRON : ClO, BrO, O3, HCl, HOCl, H2O, HO2, NO, N2O, HNO3, CH3Cl, HCN, H2

18O, H217O, HDO

TELIS instrument

TELIS highlights

MIPAS gondola „with TELIS“MIPAS gondola „with TELIS“

Sensitivity improved vs. MIPAS-B

Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 31

TELIS instrument’s schematic diagramTELIS instrument’s schematic diagram

Telescope

Ground computer

DiplexerSSB Filter

RAL

SIS mixer

SRON

Integrated Receiver

DLR

HEB mixer

LO generation

LO generation

AutocorrelatorSpectrometer

(4x2 GHz)

IF chain(5-7 GHz)

IF chain(2x2-4 GHz)

IF chain(4-6 GHz)

Pointing motor/encoder

MIPASAltitude and HeadingReference System

RateGyroscope

Pointing controller

Pc104 ComputerTemperature,Voltages

HousekeepingUnit

Cryostat

SSB Filter

SSB Filter

InterfaceOptics

Thermal Radiation Source

Telescope

Pointing Controller

Thermal Radiation

Source

Ground computer

DiplexerSSB Filter

RAL

SIS mixer

SRON

Integrated Receiver

DLR

HEB mixer

LO generation

LO generation

AutocorrelatorSpectrometer

(4x2 GHz)

IF chain(5-7 GHz)

IF chain(2x2-4 GHz)

IF chain(4-6 GHz)

Pointing motor/encoder

MIPASAltitude and HeadingReference System

RateGyroscope

Pointing controller

Pc104 ComputerTemperature,Voltages

HousekeepingUnit

Cryostat

SSB Filter

SSB Filter

InterfaceOptics

Thermal Radiation Source

Telescope

AutocorrelatorSpectrometer(4ch x 2GHz)

IF chain(4-6GHz)

IF chain(5-7GHz)

IF chain2x2-4GHz

PC104

MIPAS

Altitude and heading reference system

House Keeping Unit(Temperature, Voltage)

Server Computer Client ComputerClient Computer

Balloon

Ground

Atmosphere

DLR

HEB mixer

SRON

Integrated Receiver

RAL

SIS mixer

LO generation

LO generation

SSB filter

DiplexerSSB filter

SSB filter

Cryostat

Pointing motor /encoder

Transferoptic

RateGyroscope

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages

N.Suttiwong

4/12/2007, Slide 32

Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel

Cryostat

Window

Optical bench

SSB filter(MPI)

Diplexer(MPI)

Mixer(HEB)

LO

TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages