04-0005 PolViolence2002 inside

POLITICAL

U . S . D E PA RT M E N T O F S TAT E • B U R E A U O F D I P LO M AT I C S E C U R I T Y

VIOLENCE

AGAINST AMERICANS

04-0005 PolViolence2002_cover 10/23/03 11:53 AM

04-0005 PolViolence2002_cover 10/23/03 11:53 AM

POLITICAL VIOLENCE AGAINST AMERICANS 2002

This publication was prepared by the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Bureau of Diplomatic Security (DS/IP/ITA).

All photos courtesy of Agence France-Press. Copyright 2003.

Publication Number 11054

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Special thanks are extended to Rick Aleman, DS Public Affairs Graphic Artist,

for the original artwork in the publication and Regional Security Officers

(RSOs) at diplomatic missions worldwide who provided DS/IP/ITA with the

necessary information and photographs on a timely basis.

Andrew Corsun

Managing Editor


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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 4

A STATISTICAL OVERVIEW OF 2002 5

WESTERN HEMISPHERE AFFAIRS (WHA) 9

EUROPE (EUR) 11

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA (AF) 13

NEAR EAST (NEA) 14

SOUTH ASIA (SA) 19

EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC (EAP) 26

POLITICAL VIOLENCE 2002



INTRODUCTION

Political Violence Against Americans is produced by the Bureau of Diplomatic Security’s Office of Intelligence andThreat Analysis (DS/DSS/ITA) to provide readers with a comprehensive picture of the broad spectrum of politicalviolence that American citizens and interests have encountered abroad on an annual basis.

This publication encompasses major anti-U.S. incidents; however, some incidents have been omitted due to thesensitive nature associated with them.

Incidents for this study were selected based upon lethality, substantial property damage, use of unusual tactics orweapons, and perceptibility of targets as U.S. or representative of U.S. interests.

NO DOUBLE STANDARD

The policy of the U.S. Government is that no double standard will exist regarding the dissemination of threatinformation that may affect U.S. citizens. U.S. Government employees may not benefit from possession ofinformation that may apply equally to the American public, but is not available to them. The U.S. Governmentmaintains information on threats to Americans overseas — from terrorism, crime or health hazards — and makesthis information available to all those affected.

During the year, there were increased anti-U.S. demonstrations and incidents around the world to protest Israelimilitary action in response to Palestinian terrorism and to denounce related U.S. policy. There were 116demonstrations directed against U.S. interests, of which 102 were peaceful and 14 were violent. Approximately92%of the demonstrations were directed against U.S. diplomatic facilities. The incidents occurred with greatestfrequency in March and April, when Israeli Defense Forces undertook military operation (codename OperationDefensive Shield) with the expressed goal of destroying terrorist infrastructure in Palestinian-controlled territoriesof the West Bank and Gaza.

The violent demonstrations were directed primarily against U.S. businesses, specifically fast food restaurants. Asfor anti-U.S. terrorist attacks during this period, there was a bombing at a fast food restaurant in Athens, Greece(April 25), and two very crude Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) were placed atop the wall of the Chief ofMission’s residence in Muscat, Oman (April 5, 2002). No one was hurt in either attack, and only the fast foodrestaurant suffered damage. More seriously, on April 18, in Udayri, Kuwait a vehicle carrying several Arab menovertook and fired on two U.S. Marines traveling in an unmarked vehicle. Fortunately the Marines were not hurt.


OPERATION DEFENSIVE SHIELD


ANTI-U.S. INCIDENTS BY REGION TARGETS OF ANTI-U.S. INCIDENTS

WHA 14EUR 36

AF 5NEA 31

SA 3EAP 32

Business 13Government 107

Military 1

U.S. DIPLOMATIC TARGETS TYPES OF ANTI-U.S. INCIDENTS

American Presence Post 1American Center 3

Chief of Mission Residence 1Consular Agency 1

Consulate 1Consulate General 33

Embassy 66 *Other 1

Bombing 2Attempted Murder 1

Peaceful Demonstration 102Violent Demonstration 14

Vandalism 2

* April 7, 2002 - Brussels,Belgium: During a pro-Palestiniandemonstration, a number ofdemonstrators broke away fromthe sanctioned route and threwrocks and bottles at police and thebuilding housing the JointAdministrative Building (JAS). TheJAS provides administrativesupport for three U.S. missions inBrussels — NATO, EuropeanUnion, and the embassy.

PEACEFUL DEMONSTRATIONS VIOLENT DEMONSTRATIONS*

WHA 14 EUR 31

AF 5NEA 17

SA 3EAP 32

EUR 2NEA 12

* Violent demonstration is definedas assaulting personnel andcausing property damage such asbreaking windows or vandalizingvehicles.

ANTI-U.S. DEMONSTRATIONS BY REGION


STATISTICAL OVERVIEW


AREAS OF ANTI-U.S. INCIDENTS

Western Hemisphere 45 Europe 8

Sub-Saharan Africa 2 Near East Asia 44

South Asia 9 East Asia and the Pacific 10

WESTERN HEMISPHERE EUROPE SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Business 43 Government 2

Business 7 Other 1

Business 2

NEAR EAST ASIA SOUTH ASIA EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

Business 24 Education 1

Government 5Military 3

Other 4Private 5

Religious 2


Military 1Other 1

Religious 1


Military 1Other 1

Religious 1

TARGETS OF ANTI-U.S. INCIDENTS BY REGION:

OF THE 118 INCIDENTS THAT INVOLVED U.S.CITIZENS AND INTERESTS, 97 SPECIFICALLYTARGETED AMERICANS.

Residents pray in front of flowers and lighted candles near the blast site in the tourist area of Kuta, inDenpasar, Bali October 15, 2002 to mourn the more than 180 victims of a bomb blast.


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E U R O P EAn American was among 124 hostages who died in a rescue attempt by Russian troops when they stormed a Moscow theater thathad been taken over by 50 heavilyarmed Chechen rebels.

N E A R E A S T A S I AMilitants from the Al-Aqsa MartyrsBrigade fired on a car killing anAmerican and wounding a Palestinianin the West Bank.

Six people, including one American,were killed during a terrorist attack at a bat mitzvah reception in Hadera, Israel.

Four Palestinian teenagers stabbed an American as she strolled with her boyfriend in the PeaceForest, Jerusalem.

A suicide bomber from the PopularFront for the Liberation of Palestine(PFLP) detonated a bomb at a pizzeriain Karnei Shomron Settlement,WestBank. Four people were killedincluding two Americans.

A suicide bomber from HAMAS(Islamic Resistance Movement)detonated a bomb in a crowdedrestaurant in Netanya, Israel.Twenty-nine people, including one American,were killed.

A bomb placed in a bag was remotelydetonated in the student center atHebrew University in Jerusalem.Seven people were killed, includingfive Americans.

Two al-Qaida gunmen opened fire on U.S. soldiers while they wereconducting a military exercise inFailaka, Kuwait. One U.S. Marine was killed.

A U.S. diplomat was shot and killedoutside his home in Amman, Jordan.

An unknown assassin shot and killed a female American missionary inSidon, Lebanon.

An Islamic extremist entered a Baptistmissionary hospital in Jibla,Yemen andopened fire on the staff.ThreeAmerican doctors were killed.

S O U T H A S I AAn American journalist was kidnapedin Karachi, Pakistan and eventuallymurdered by his abductors.

An unknown individual explodedthree grenades inside the ProtestantInternational Church in Islamabad,Pakistan. Five people including twoAmericans were killed.

E A S T A S I A A N DT H E P A C I F I CAn American citizen was shot andkilled while hiking on MountPinatubo, Philippines. His friend, aGerman citizen, was seriously injured.No one claimed responsibility for theattack, but communist guerrillasfrequent the area.

An American missionary who waskidnaped by the Abu Sayyaf Group(ASG) last year in Palawan, Philippineswas killed during an exchange ofgunfire between ASG rebels and thePhilippine military.

Three Americans were shot and killed while returning from an outing by unidentified assailants in Timika, Indonesia.The victimstaught at a school connected to a mining company.

One American soldier was killedwhen a bomb exploded outside the Malagutay military base inZamboanga, Philippines.The ASG is believed responsible.

Two bombs detonated in Bali’s Kutatourist strip, an area heavily frequentedby tourists. More that 190 people,including 7 Americans were killed.

AMERICANS KILLED IN TERRORIST/POLITICALLY MOTIVATED VIOLENCE

An exterior view of the concert hall inMoscow where over 50 Chechen rebels

held some 700 theater-goers. Russiantroops stormed the theater and 124 of the

hostages were killed in the rescue attempt.


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N E A R E A S T A S I AA suicide bomber from the PopularFront for the Liberation of Palestine(PFLP) detonated a bomb at a pizzeriain Karnei Shomron Settlement,WestBank.Two Americans were injured.

A suicide bomber from the PFLPattacked a large supermarket and acollocated hotel in Ariel,West Bank.Ten people were wounded, includingone American.

A suicide bomber from the Al-AqsaMartyrs Brigade detonated a bomb at a café in Jerusalem. Fifty-two people were wounded including one American.

A suicide bomber from the PalestinianIslamic Jihad (PIJ) detonated a bombwhile standing on a busy street cornerin Jerusalem. Eighty-six people werewounded including two Americans.

A suicide bomber from the al-AqsaMartyrs Brigade detonated a bombnear the entrance to an open-airmarket in Jerusalem. Over 100 werewounded including an American.

A suicide bomber detonated a bomb at a bus stop in Jerusalem. Forty-three were wounded, two of whomwere Americans.

A bomb placed in a bag was remotelydetonated in the student center atHebrew University in Jerusalem.Eighty-seven people were wounded.Four were Americans.

Two al-Qaida gunmen opened fire on U.S. soldiers while they wereconducting a military exercise in Failaka, Kuwait. One U.S. Marine was wounded.

Unknown gunmen fired at a Hunt Oil helicopter in Sanaa,Yemen.TwoAmericans suffered minor injurieswhen hit by flying fragments from the helicopter body.

A former Kuwaiti policeman shot andseriously wounded two U.S. Marinesin Arifjan, Kuwait.

An Emirati Customs employee fired at U.S. Navy personnel at FujairahAirport, UAE. No Americans wereinjured as a direct result of the attack,but one sailor suffered injuries whenhe jumped off a helicopter to evadethe attack.

An Islamic extremist entered a Baptistmissionary hospital in Jibla,Yemen andopened fire on the staff. One doctorwas injured.

S O U T H A S I AAn unknown individual explodedthree grenades inside the ProtestantInternational Church in Islamabad,Pakistan. More than 40 people,including 13 Americans, were injured.

A U.S. Marine Security Guard wasslightly injured when a suicide bomberdriving a truck detonated a largebomb outside the U.S. ConsulateGeneral in Karachi, Pakistan.

A U.S. Special Forces member waswounded when a gunman opened fireon Afghan President Hamid Karzai.The president was visiting Kandahar,Afghanistan at the time of the attack.

Two U.S. soldiers and their Afghaninterpreter were injured in Kabulwhen two Afghans threw a grenade at the jeep they were riding in.

E A S T A S I A A N DT H E P A C I F I CA female American missionary, whowas kidnaped by the Abu SayyafGroup (ASG) last year in Palawan,Philippines, was shot and woundedduring an exchange of gunfirebetween ASG rebels and thePhilippine military.

Six Americans were shot and woundedby unidentified gunmen close to amine in Timika, Indonesia.

A U.S. military officer was assaultedand stabbed in an unprovoked attackby three Korean radicals in Seoul,South Korea.

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2AMERICANS INJURED IN TERRORIST/POLITICALLY MOTIVATED VIOLENCE


WESTERN HEMISPHERE (WH) STATISTICAL OVERVIEW


AREAS OF ANTI-AMERICAN INCIDENTS TYPES OF ATTACK TARGET OF ATTACK

Chile 1 Colombia 42 Ecuador 1

Peru 1

Assault 1 Bombing 43 Grenade 1


WESTERN HWESTERN HEMISPHERE

A Police officer leaves the area asfire bursts out of a gasoline pipeline

that exploded October 5, 2002,near San Cristobal, Colombia.


EMISPHERE

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JANUARY 1–DECEMBER 31

COLOMBIA

Over the course of 2002, Marxistguerrillas belonging to the NationalLiberation Army (ELN) and theRevolutionary Armed Forces ofColombia (FARC) bombed the CanoLimon Covenas pipeline only 41times, compared to the record 170bombings in 2001.The significantdecrease is likely a direct result of theincreased security in the vicinity ofthe pipeline. Nevertheless, many ofthese attacks continue to cause breaksin the pipeline structure, resulting inserious oil spills and halting ofproduction.The Cano Limon Covenasoil pipeline is a multinational venturebetween Ecopetrol of Colombia, U.S.Occidental Petroleum, and otherforeign oil firms. Guerrilla forces arevehemently opposed to multinationalinvolvement in Colombia’s oilindustry, charging that foreign interestsare violating the country’s sovereigntyand exploiting its natural resources.Asof the end of 2002, the pipeline hadbeen attacked approximately 959times since operations began in 1986.

JANUARY 6

SANTIAGO, CHILE

A letter bomb was found anddeactivated at the entrance of the U.S. Embassy.The letter contained a very small amount of explosivematerial, which was not enough to explode and cause any damage.The letter did not have a returnaddress and was addressed to a specificindividual with a non-existent addressnear the Embassy.

MARCH 20

LIMA, PERU

A car bomb exploded outside of aBanco de Credito in the El Poloshopping mall located directly acrossthe street from the U.S. Embassy. Ninepeople died and over thirty wereinjured.The shopping center alsosuffered extensive damage. No U.S.citizens were injured in the blast, andthere was no damage to the U.S.Embassy. However, it is believed thatthe incident may have been intendedas a statement against the UnitedStates, as it occurred three days beforethe visit of U.S. President GeorgeBush.As of the end of 2002, thePeruvian government had arrested anumber of Shining Path (SenderoLuminoso) members for their allegedinvolvement in the bombing.

APRIL 14

BOGOTA, COLOMBIA

Presumed members from the FARChurled a grenade at the Coca-Colaplant in southern Bogota. There wereno reported injuries or significantdamage.Although the Coca-Colaplant was likely a target ofopportunity for a passing FARCcolumn, the incident further confirmsthe FARC’s repugnance for the U.S.

AUGUST 28

GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR

At approximately 12:50 p.m., a bombexploded inside a McDonald’srestaurant located nine blocks fromthe U.S. Consulate. The restaurantsuffered extensive damage, includingmany blown out windows and partialcollapse of the roof.Three individualssuffered non-life threatening injuries.The People’s Revolutionary Militia, aleftist group that espouses anti-government, anti-U.S., and anti-globalization views, allegedly claimedresponsibility for the bombing.

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Police are seen attending to victims of abomb blast in Lima, Peru. March 20, 2002.


EUROPE STATISTICAL OVERVIEW



Georgia 1Germany 2

Greece 1Italy 1

Russia 2Switzerland 1

Bomb 3Attempted Bomb 2

Hostage & Rescue 1Vandalism 2

U.S. Business 7* Other 1

EUROPEEUROPE

*October 23, 2002 — Moscow, Russia: Armed Chechen gunmen took over600 theater-goers hostage. The gunmen demanded a resolution to thesituation in Chechnya, to include withdrawal of Russian troops. On October26, Russian Special Forces administered anesthetic gas through theventilation system of the theater. They then stormed the theater and killedall the Chechen rebels. In the rescue attempt, more than 120 people,including one American, were killed.

A special forces sniper changes hisposition near the theater in

Moscow, where Chechen rebels areholding hundreds of hostages.

October 24, 2002.

Russian television channel NTVshows the members of theChechen rebel group (L and R arefemales with explosives fixed ontheir bodies) speaking to journalistsinside the theater building inMoscow, October 25, 2002, as theyhold 500-700 hostages.


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FEBRUARY 12

VENICE, ITALY

A McDonald’s restaurant was damagedby 8 to 10 masked individualswielding sticks.The perpetratorssmashed windows and damaged cashregisters and furniture inside therestaurant.The individuals claimedthey were anti-globalists.Theydispersed when police arrived, butheaded for two other McDonald’srestaurants but were intercepted bypolice before they could attack theother sites.The incident occurred atthe end of the carnival festivities thatwere held in Venice.

APRIL 15

ATHENS, GREECE

At 10:30 p.m., approximately 30individuals damaged a Citibank branch office in downtown Athens.The individuals, described by police as anarchists, entered the bank, and began breaking furniture wrecking the interior. Before departing, theythrew an incendiary device insidewhich detonated causing moredamage. Members of the group spray painted on the walls,“Solidaritywith the Palestinians.” No injurieswere reported.

APRIL 29

BERLIN, GERMANY

An unknown individual threw anincendiary device into an automobiledealership that sells Chrysler products.A number of vehicles were damaged,but no one was hurt.A leaflet at thescene read,“the purpose of the(President) Bush visit is to convincethe German Government to become adependable partner for a campaign of

the civilized world against the terroristcountry of Iraq.” President Bushplanned to visit Germany on May 22-23, 2002. (See May 17, 2002 below.)

MAY 1

ZURICH, SWITZERLAND

In the evening hours an ImprovisedExplosive Device (IED) explodedoutside the front entrance door to the American Chamber of Commerce.No one was injured in the incidentand damage to door was estimated at$2,500.A group claimed responsibilityfor the attack, but the police have notreleased the name.The group statedthat the attack was in retaliation to thetactics the police used in preparationfor May Day.

MAY 17

BERLIN, GERMANY

At 11:30 p.m., two incendiary deviceswere found in a local Wal-Mart store.Both devices were removed by policeand deactivated. It is believed that theincident was in response to PresidentBush’s upcoming visit to Germany onMay 22-23, 2002.

JULY 16

TBILISI, GEORGIA

Police discovered and deactivated anexplosive substance near the MarriottHotel located approximately 150meters from the Parliament building.No one has claimed responsibility forthe incident.

OCTOBER 19

MOSCOW, RUSSIA

At 1 p.m., an explosive device placedin a vehicle parked outside aMcDonald’s restaurant exploded.Theexplosion injured eight people, one of whom subsequently died of hiswounds. No Americans were injured.According to local press reports, thedevice (shrapnel filled artillery shell)was similar to the type commonlyused in Chechnya. Russian authoritieshave arrested a Chechen male inconnection with the bombing.

OCTOBER 23

MOSCOW, RUSSIA

Shortly after 9 p.m., approximately 50heavily armed Chechen terrorists took600-700 theater-goers hostage at thePalace of Culture of the PodshipnikovZavod Theater, in southeast Moscow.The gunmen demanded a resolutionto the situation in the ChechenRepublic, including the withdrawal ofRussian troops.Among the hostageswere 60 foreigners, including twoAmericans. During the three-daysiege, rebels killed one Russian policeofficer and five Russian hostages.Thestandoff ended on October 26, whenRussian Special Forces administeredthe anesthetic gas fentanyl through theventilation system.The commandosthen stormed the theater and killed allthe Chechen rebels including theirleader Movsar Barayev. In the rescueattempt, more than 120 hostages died,including one American.

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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA (AF) STATISTICAL OVERVIEW


Nigeria 1Angola 1

Armed Attack 1Kidnaping 1

U.S. Business 2

SUB-SAHARASUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

APRIL 1

NIGER DELTA, NIGERIA

Ten oil workers contracted to RoyalShell Oil Group were kidnaped bymilitant youths. Six of the ten thatwere taken hostage were foreignnationals including one American.The hostage-takers, probably youth of the Niger Delta region, weredemanding 3.1 million naira(approximately $27,000) and anagreement guaranteeing jobs andcontracts for local communities.Thehostages were released unharmed.

MAY 23

CABINDA, ANGOLA

At approximately 5:12 p.m., a four-vehicle motorcade containing 30 U.S. employees of an oil company was attacked near the local airport.One Rocket Propelled Grenade(RPG) was fired at the motorcade but struck a nearby house.A fragmentfrom the RPG struck and slightlyinjured a child.


NEAR EAST

NEAR EAST (NE) STATISTICAL OVERVIEW



Bahrain 2Egypt 3Israel 2

Jerusalem 8Jordan 1Kuwait 3

Lebanon 6Oman 4

Saudi Arabia 3UAE 1

West Bank 7 Yemen 4

Arson 1Assault 3

Bombing 7 Attempted Bombing 1

Suicide Bombing 9Violent Demonstration 8

Grenade 1Attempted Murder 4

Murder 5 Ramming 2

Strafing 3

Business 24Government 5

Military 3Private 5

Religious 2Education 1

Other 4

Investigators check debris around abus after a suicide bomber killedsix people in Jerusalem, April 12,and wounded more than 50 others,just hours after U.S. Secretary ofState Colin Powell arrived here on apeacekeeping mission.

NEAR EAST


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JANUARY 15

BAYT SAHUR, WEST BANK

Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade militantsattacked a vehicle carrying twopassengers, killing a U.S.-Israeli dualcitizen and wounding a Palestinian.

JANUARY 17

HADERA, ISRAEL

An American citizen was killed in aterrorist attack at the David PalaceHall while attending a bat mitzvahreception.A total of six people werekilled and thirty were wounded bybursts of gunfire.

JANUARY 22

JERUSALEM

Three U.S. citizens were injured in ashooting on Jaffa Road.

JANUARY 27

JERUSALEM

Four U.S. citizens were injured in abombing on Jaffa Road.

FEBRUARY 8

JERUSALEM

Four Palestinian teenagers stabbed an American citizen to death as shestrolled with her boyfriend in thePeace Forest.

FEBRUARY 16

KARNEI SHOMRON, WEST BANK

A suicide bomber from the PopularFront for the Liberation of Palestineattacked a pizzeria in an outdoor foodcourt. Four people were killed,including two American teenagers.Two Americans were injured alongwith 25 other people.

MARCH 7

ARIEL, WEST BANK

A suicide bomber from the PopularFront for the Liberation of Palestineattacked a large supermarket and acollocated hotel. Ten people werewounded, including one U.S. citizen.

MARCH 9

JERUSALEM

A suicide bomber from HAMASdetonated an explosive device in a café.Thirteen people were killed and 52 were wounded, including oneU.S. citizen.

MARCH 15

SANAA, YEMEN

A Yemeni national threw two grenadesnear the perimeter wall of the U.S.Embassy in Sanaa. One grenadeexploded next to the exterior side ofthe wall causing light damage. No onewas killed or injured.The attacker hadno affiliation with terroristorganizations and had a history ofmental illness and domestic violence.He indicated that he was protestingU.S. assistance to Israel.

MARCH 21

JERUSALEM

A suicide bomber from the al-AqsaMartyrs Brigade detonated anexplosive device while standing on abusy street corner.Three people werekilled and 86 wounded, including twoU.S. citizens.

MARCH 24

HALAMISH (NAVEH TZUF),WEST BANK

One U.S. citizen was killed in anattack on a bus.

MARCH 27

NETANYA, ISRAEL

A suicide bomber from HAMASdetonated an explosive device in acrowded restaurant at the Park Hotelduring Passover.Twenty-nine peoplewere killed, including one U.S. citizen,and 140 were wounded.

Israeli forensic police inspect damage to a commercial complex where a suicide bomber blewhimself up just outside the Jewish settlement of Ariel in the West Bank. The blast claimed by theAbu Ali Mustafa Brigades, the military wing of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine,(PFLP) took the bomber’s life and wounded nine people. March 7, 2002


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MARCH 31

RAMALLAH, WEST BANK

An American journalist was injured inshooting between Israeli forces andPalestinian militants.

MARCH 31

RAMALLAH, WEST BANK

A U.S. citizen was injured in a suicidebombing.

APRIL 1

CAIRO, EGYPT

Tens of thousands of Egyptianprofessors, students, and generalpopulace took to the streets to protestIsraeli military action and perceivedU.S. support. During the violentdemonstrations, a Kentucky FriedChicken restaurant was trashed by demonstrators.

APRIL 4

ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT

At 3:50 p.m., approximately 500students attacked the Coca-Cola plant, Pepsi plant, and a McDonald’srestaurant. Several employees were injured and damage to the siteswas extensive.The students foughtwith police for over an hour withrocks and bottles.

APRIL 5

MANAMA, BAHRAIN

Approximately 2,000 demonstratorsgathered near the U.S. Embassy inBahrain to protest U.S. support toIsrael following the Israeli storming ofYasser Arafat’s West Bank compoundon March 30.They threw large stonesat the Embassy, damaging satellite

dishes, breaking a window, anddestroying security cameras. Severaldemonstrators breached the U.S.Embassy perimeter wall and set fivevehicles on fire. Graffiti was alsopainted on the south perimeter wall.The McDonald’s behind the U.S.Embassy was also damaged extensively.One Bahraini demonstrator was killedby a rubber bullet after being shot byBahraini security forces.

APRIL 5

MUSCAT, OMAN

Two crude explosive devices (IEDs)were placed by a group of youngOmanis at the rear of the vacant Chiefof Mission’s residence, approximatelytwo kilometers from the U.S. Embassy.The devices were found on theground near the perimeter wall and on top of the wall. Both IEDswere created using two-liter Pepsibottles, a propellant liquid, and balls of aluminum foil as projectiles.Asidefrom a bit of debris left by thescattered foil pellets found next to thebottles, there was no property damage.It was subsequently discovered thatfour similar devices were found at thevacant property of the former IsraeliTrade Mission.

APRIL 5

MUSCAT, OMAN

A small group of demonstratorsvandalized a local McDonald’srestaurant by destroying tables and benches.They were protestingIsraeli military operation (code name:Operation Defensive Shield) into territory controlled by thePalestinian Authority.

APRIL 6

SOHAR, OMAN

A group of about 100 demonstratorsvandalized a Kentucky Fried Chickenand a Pizza Hut restaurant by breaking glass and damaging tables.They were protesting Israeli militaryaction into territory controlled by the Palestinian Authority.

APRIL 7

MANAMA, BAHRAIN

Approximately 150 demonstratorsvandalized a local McDonald’srestaurant and attacked the vehicle of a British citizen who unwittinglydrove into the protest area.Theprotestors were responding to Israelimilitary action into territorycontrolled by the Palestinian Authority.

APRIL 12

JERUSALEM

A suicide bomber from the al-AqsaMartyrs Brigade detonated anexplosive device near the entrance of an open-air market. Six people were killed and more than 100 were wounded. One American was seriously injured.

APRIL 18

UDAYRI RANGE, KUWAIT

A civilian vehicle carrying several Arabmen overtook two Marines travelingin an unmarked Suburban. Oneoccupant drew a shotgun and firedtwice at the Marines.The shotsmissed, and no one was injured.


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MAY 9

TRIPOLI, LEBANON

A bomb was placed beside a KentuckyFried Chicken restaurant anddetonated. One Lebanese employeewas injured, and the explosion causedconsiderable damage to the restaurant.

MAY 26

TAIZ, YEMEN

A gunman opened fire at a Procterand Gamble facility. There were nocasualties or damage.

JUNE 18

GILO, WEST BANK

A suicide bombing on a bus killed oneAmerican.

JUNE 19

JERUSALEM

A suicide bomber from the al-AqsaMartyrs Brigade detonated anexplosive device at a bus stop in the French Hill neighborhood.Seven people were killed and 43 were wounded, two of whom wereU.S. citizens.

JUNE 29

RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA

An American citizen couple employedat King Faisal Specialist Hospitaldiscovered an explosive deviceattached to the underside of theirvehicle. Saudi police officials haveindicated that the device appearedsimilar to other small explosive devicesfound attached to vehicles in SaudiArabia in the past, two of whichdetonated, killing a British and aGerman national.

JULY 31

JERUSALEM

A bomb hidden in a bag was placed inthe Frank Sinatra International StudentCenter at Hebrew University and wasremotely detonated by a cellulartelephone. HAMAS claimedresponsibility for the attack. Sevenpeople were killed, including five U.S.citizens. Sixty others were wounded,four of whom were Americans.

OCTOBER 8

FAILAKA ISLAND, KUWAIT

Two al-Qaida affiliated gunmenattacked U.S. soldiers while they wereconducting a military exercise. OneU.S. Marine was killed and anotherwas wounded. U.S. military policekilled the two Kuwaiti attackers.

OCTOBER 15

JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA

A Saudi national driving a rentedNissan crashed into Consulate Jeddah’smain gate at approximately 12:20 a.m.After the crash, the driver ran almost80 feet from his vehicle and managedto get through several stationarybollards onto the sidewalk. It took five guards and police officers tosubdue him. Preliminary reports from the Saudi Arabian NationalGuard indicated that the driversmelled heavily of alcohol and a fullbottle of alcohol was found in hisvehicle.The driver was apprehendedand taken into custody by the SaudiArabian police.The vehicle testednegative for explosives.

A man holds the hand of a woman as sheis evacuated by Israeli medics following anexplosion at the busy cafeteria in eastJerusalem’s Hebrew University July 31,2002. An alleged suicide bomber killed sixpeople and wounded some 70 others afterblowing himself up at the university.


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OCTOBER 17

JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA

A rented four-door Hyundai crashedinto the entrance of a Chili’s restaurantlocated near the Consulate in Jeddahat approximately 7:40 a.m.The entireouter entrance of the restaurant wasdestroyed along with glass doors andwindows. No one was injured,including the Saudi driver.

OCTOBER 28

AMMAN, JORDAN

A gunman affiliated with al-Qaidaassassinated a U.S. diplomat outside hishome as he was leaving for work.Thesenior administrator at the U.S.Agencyfor International Development wasshot multiple times next to his vehiclewith a 7mm handgun.

NOVEMBER 3

SANAA, YEMEN

Unknown persons fired five shots at a Hunt Oil helicopter soon after it had taken off from Sanaa Airport enroute to Mareb. One of the roundsstruck the helicopter. Two Americancitizens employed by Yemen Hunt Oil suffered minor injuries when they were hit by flying fragments from the helicopter body.

NOVEMBER 3

JOUNIEH AND TRIPOLI, LEBANON

Three bombs, consisting ofapproximately one pound of TNTeach, exploded next to three U.S.-franchised fast food restaurants.Two ofthe businesses, Pizza Hut and Winners,are located in Jounieh and sustainedminor damage when windows wereblown out.The third bombing, whichtook place near a Tripoli Pizza Hut,blew out windows and damaged chairsand tables.The bombs were detonated

at a time when the businesses wereclosed, and no casualties werereported. No group or individualclaimed responsibility.

NOVEMBER 20

AL-KHARJ, LEBANON

A McDonald’s restaurant was heavilydamaged by an arson attack after an individual threw a petrol bombthrough the drive-through windowand then drove away. There were no injuries.

NOVEMBER 21

SIDON, LEBANON

An unknown assailant murdered an American missionary in Sidon,Lebanon after the Christianorganization for which she workedwas warned against proselytizing in the area. She was shot in the head at the Christian missionary clinicwhere she worked.The killer waslikely an Islamic extremist from theAyn al-Hilwah Palestinian refugeecamp located nearby.

NOVEMBER 21

ARIFJAN, KUWAIT

A former Kuwaiti policeman shot andseriously wounded two U.S. Marines.The Americans were traveling in acivilian vehicle from Camp Doha toArifjan when the suspect stoppedthem along the side of the road.Theattacker, who had a history of mentalillness, was arrested in Saudi Arabia.

NOVEMBER 23

FUJAIRAH, UAE

An Emirati Customs employee wasshot and wounded by police when heattempted to enter an unauthorizedarea of the Fujairah Airport and startedshooting at U.S. Navy personnel. NoAmerican citizens were injured as adirect result of the attack, althoughone sailor suffered injuries when hejumped off a helicopter to evade theattack.There was minor damage to aU.S. military helicopter.

DECEMBER 30

JIBLA, YEMEN

An Islamic extremist shot and killedthree American doctors at a Baptistmissionary hospital.A fourth Americandoctor was wounded.The attackerentered the hospital complex andopened fire with a semi-automaticrifle, specifically targeting one doctorwho had successfully proselytized inthe area.The assassin was not affiliatedwith any known terrorist organization.

Jordanian police guard the cordonned-offhome of U.S. diplomat Lawrence Foley, anexecutive officer with USAID in Amman.Foley was shot eight times as he left for hisoffice on October 28, 2002.

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SOUTH ASIA (SA) STATISTICAL OVERVIEW


Afghanistan 2India 2

Nepal 1Pakistan 3

Sri Lanka 1

Attempted Assassination 2Bombing 2Grenade 1Strafing 1

Suicide Attack 1Vandalism 1

** Kidnaping 1


Military 1Religious 1

* Other 1

* September 5, 2002 — Kandahar, Afghanistan: Afghan President HamidKarzai survived an apparent attempted assassination when a manopened fire on his motorcade. President Karzai was not injured, butKandahar governor Gul Agha Sherzai and a U.S. Special Forces memberwere wounded.

** The one kidnaping resulted in the death of one American kidnapvictim.

SOUTH ASIASOUTH ASIA

Pakistani army official and policeexamine the site of a grenadeattack inside a church in Pakistan’scapital Islamabad March 17, 2002.Four grenades were thrown at acongregation as prayer serviceswere under way. A U.S. diplomat’swife and daughter were killed.


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JANUARY 22

CALCUTTA, INDIA

At approximately 6:30 a.m.,unidentified men armed with machineguns drove by the American Centerand shot at police posted there.According to varying accounts, theattack involved two attackers on onemotorcycle or possibly four attackerson two motorcycles. Five police guardswere killed and 17 injured in theattack, which occurred during a guardshift change.The American Center andthe main Consulate building wereclosed for the day and employees weresent home.The American Centersustained minor damage. Pakistaniauthorities claimed to have receivedtwo calls from Dubai in the UnitedArab Emirates (UAE) claimingresponsibility for the attacks in thename of the Harkat al-Jihad Islami(HUJI), a Pakistani militant group thathas also been active in the Kashmir.On January 28, Indian police shot andkilled two Pakistani nationals ineastern India suspected of carrying outthe attack. Indian officials said the menhad links to Pakistan’s Inter-ServicesIntelligence, or ISI. On February 9,two Indian men suspected ofinvolvement in the attack,Aftab Ansariand Ragendar Kumar, were extraditedfrom the UAE to India, where theyremain in custody.

JANUARY 23

KARACHI, PAKISTAN

On January 23 in Karachi, anAmerican Wall Street Journalcorrespondent, Daniel Pearl, wasabducted while he was investigatingMuslim extremist groups. On February21, Pakistani and U.S. officials receiveda videotape showing in explicit detailscenes of Pearl’s murder. On July 15,an antiterrorism court in Pakistan

sentenced Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikhto death for Pearl’s murder.Threeothers accused in the case weresentenced to life imprisonment.Allwere allegedly members of the Jaish-e-Mohammed extremist group. InAugust, a Karachi high court agreed tohear the appeals of the four men.Another seven suspects in the caseremained at large at year’s end.

MARCH 17

ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN

An unknown assailant exploded threegrenades inside the ProtestantInternational Church near the U.S.Embassy compound in Islamabad. Fivepersons were killed, including a U.S.Embassy employee and her daughter.More than 40 persons, including 13Americans, were injured.A loneassailant carried out the attack.

APRIL 14

BHARATPUR, NEPAL

On April 14, two bombs exploded at aCoca-Cola factory in Narayangadh,causing no injuries but damaging thecapping and filling machines, andshutting down production for two tothree weeks.The five armed Maoistattackers who set off the bombs toldplant employees that the facility wasbeing targeted because of its affiliationwith the United States and because ofU.S. Government aid to the victims ofthe Maoist insurgency.

MAY 12

PATNA, INDIA

Unidentified militants reportedlylobbed four explosive devices at aCoca-Cola plant in Patna in thenortheastern state of Bihar.Two of thefour devices exploded, but there wereno injuries and only minor damage tothe plant.

On January 23, 2002 in Karachi, Pakistan, Wall Street Journal correspondent, DanielPearl, was abducted while he was investigating Muslim extremist groups. On February21, 2002 Pakistani and U.S. officials received a videotape showing, in explicit detail,scenes of Pearl’s murder.


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JUNE 14

KARACHI, PAKISTAN

At approximately 11:10 a.m., 50 feetfrom the U.S. Consulate General neara Consulate guard post, a suicidebomber driving a pick-up truckdetonated a large bomb.The blastdisintegrated a round concrete planterand created a four-foot deep craterabout 10 to 12 feet wide. A 12-footsection of the Consulate’s concretereinforced perimeter wall was alsoknocked down. Flying debris lightlyinjured one Marine Security Guardand five foreign national employees ofthe Consulate.A total of 12 personswere killed and more than 50 injuredin the attack. On November 8, aPakistani court formally charged fivemen with involvement in the attack;their trial was ongoing at year’s end.The men allegedly belonged to anoffshoot of the Harak al-Mujahideenextremist group.

SEPTEMBER 5

KANDAHAR, AFGHANISTAN

At approximately 6:00 p.m.,AfghanPresident Hamid Karzai survived anapparent assassination attempt in thesouthern city of Kandahar, whereKarzai was visiting. Karzai was notinjured; however, Kandahar governorGul Agha Sherzai was wounded, alongwith a U.S. Special Forces member.An Afghan man in uniform reportedlystepped up to the car and fired threeshots before he was killed by U.S.troops in the following car.

DECEMBER 3

COLOMBO, SRI LANKA

At approximately 11:45 a.m., anunidentified male loitered in front ofthe U.S. Embassy Colombo for severalminutes before throwing three rocks at the guard booth near the north

gate of the Embassy, moderatelydamaging one of the windows of the booth. It appeared likely that the perpetrator intentionally targetedthe Embassy, although his motive for doing so is unknown.

DECEMBER 17

KABUL, AFGHANISTAN

Two U.S. soldiers and their Afghaninterpreter were wounded indowntown Kabul when two Afghansthrew a grenade at the jeep in whichthey were riding. One of theAmericans suffered a wound to the eyeand the other a wound to the leg.Thetwo Afghans were apprehended andtaken into custody by Afghaniauthorities as they attempted to throwa second grenade.

FBI agents examine the wreckage of a vehicle, which was destroyed after a suicide bomb blast which killed eight and injured dozensincluding six consulate staff on June 14, 2002, in the southern city of Karachi.


PEAST ASIA &

EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (EAP) STATISTICAL OVERVIEW



Indonesia 3Japan 1

Philippines 3S. Korea 3

Assault 1Armed Assault 1

Bomb 3Attempted Murder 1

Murder 1Other 1

* Rescue Attempt 1Violent Demonstration 2

Business 3Military 4

** Other 1Private 1

Religious 1

*June 7, 2002 — Mindanao, Philippines: An American missionary waskilled and his wife injured during a firefight between the Philippinemilitary and rebels from the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG). The missionarieswere kidnaped by the ASG on May 27, 2001.

**October 12, 2002 — Bali, Indonesia: Two bombs detonated in Bali’sKuta tourist strip, an area frequented by tourists. The bombing killedmore than 190 people, including 7 Americans.

EAST ASIA & PACIFIC

Explosion in a popular nightclubin the tourist district of Kuta in

Bali which killed at least 25people, including 10 foreigners on

October 12, 2002.


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JANUARY 31

MOUNT PINATUBO,PHILIPPINES

An American citizen was shot andkilled while hiking on MountPinatubo. His companion, a Germannational, was seriously injured bygunfire but survived the attack.Communist guerrillas frequent thearea where the ambush occurred,although no group has claimedresponsibility for the attack.

FEBRUARY 18

SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA

Approximately 25 to 30 members ofthe South Korean radical dissidentgroup Hanch’ongnyon (KoreanGeneral Student Association) brokeinto the offices of the AmericanChamber of Commerce (AMCHAM)in Seoul. South Korean SWAT teamsbroke into the offices and arrested 14males and 13 females.Thedemonstrators destroyed all of theoffice furniture, poured water on thecomputers, burned some files, andstole the office cash box with anestimated $10,000 in Korean currency.There were no known injuries.

JUNE 7

MINDANAO, PHILIPPINES

On May 27, 2001, the Abu SayyafGroup (ASG) kidnaped 20 persons,including three American citizens,from Dos Palmas Resort in Palawan,Philippines.The three Americans wereidentified as Guillermo Sobero andMartin and Gracia Burnham, anAmerican missionary couple. On June11, 2001, the ASG spokesman,AbuSabaya, claimed he had had Guillermo

Sobero executed as a “birthdaypresent” for Philippine PresidentGloria Macapagal-Arroyo. On October7, 2001, a human skull was recoveredfrom Basilan Island, which wasdetermined by FBI Honolulu to be that of Guillermo Sobero. Finally,on June 7, 2002, Martin Burnham was killed during an exchange of fire between the Philippine militaryand ASG rebels. Gracia Burnham was injured, but was rescued andrepatriated to the United States shortly thereafter.

AUGUST 31

TIMIKA, INDONESIA

Three American citizens were killed,and six others injured, in an attack byunidentified assailants armed withautomatic weapons close to theFreeport-McMoran Mine near Timika,Papua Province in Eastern Indonesia.The Americans were employees of aschool connected with the FreeportMine, and were returning from anouting. Indonesian military forces thatprovide security for the mine arrivedon the scene quickly and exchangedgunfire with the attackers with no

reported injuries on either side.Indonesian military officials initiallyaccused the guerilla group Free PapuaMovement (OPM) of perpetrating theattack, although the attack is not theusual modus operandi of OPM.OPM’s leaders have deniedresponsibility.As of January 2003, theIndonesian government is continuingtheir investigation, with the support of U.S. law enforcement officials.

SEPTEMBER 27

CAMP RED CLOUD, KOREA

Ten Korean individuals approached thefence line of Camp Red Cloud (U.S.Second Infantry DivisionHeadquarters) and threw Molotovcocktails into the base.Theperpetrators immediately ran awayafter throwing the bottles.Althoughseveral bottles exploded, there were no injuries, and property damage waslimited to burn marks on the fence.

A shattered window opens onto the littered floor of the American Chamber of Commercein Seoul, after a group of radical students stormed the U.S. business office to protest theupcoming visit of President George W. Bush. February 18, 2002.


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OCTOBER 2

ZAMBOANGA, PHILIPPINES

At approximately 8:38 p.m., a bombexploded outside the Malagutaymilitary base in Zamboanga,Mindanao. One American soldier waskilled in the blast and another wascritically injured. One Filipino wasalso killed and approximately 15injured.The bomb was placed in amotorcycle, which was parked in frontof an outdoor cafe near the base.Theattack was the work of the Abu SayyafGroup, an Islamic insurgent/criminalgroup, which has ties to al-Qaida.

OCTOBER 12

BALI, INDONESIA

On October 12, two bombs detonatedin Bali’s Kuta tourist strip, an areaheavily frequented by foreigners.Thebombings injured 332 persons andkilled more than 190, including at least80 Australian and 7 American tourists.The first bomb was small anddetonated inside Paddy’s Irish Bar,while the second bomb, whichdetonated just outside of the Sari Clubas people were evacuating, was inside

an L300 Mitsubishi minivan ladenwith at least 110 pounds of explosives.The crater left by the second bombwas five meters wide and one and ahalf meters deep.A third bombdetonated about 100 meters from theU.S. Consular Agency building in Bali.A few hours before the bombings inKuta occurred, there was a smallerbombing outside the Consulate of the Philippines in Manado, Indonesia.

Cherry Enriquez stands at the karaoke bar where a powerful bomb exploded in the southern city of Zamboanga which claimed the lives of one U.S. soldier and one Filipino and injured 23 others.October 2, 2002

Indonesian policemen stand guard at theblast site in Legian street in the tourist area

of Kuta, near Denpasar, on the island ofBali, where a car bomb killed at least 190

people on October 12, 2002.


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NOVEMBER 18

ZAMA CITY, JAPAN

The security office of Camp Zama,the U.S. army headquarters in Japan,notified RSO Tokyo that on Monday,November 18, at 11:11 p.m. twoexplosions occurred at the YatoyamaPark which is adjacent to Camp Zama.The police retrieved the two metalpipe bombs and one of the two mortarshells used in the attack. No group hasclaimed responsibility for the incident,although police suspect it was thework of Japanese leftist groups.

DECEMBER 5

MAKASSAR, INDONESIA

A bomb exploded inside a McDonald’srestaurant, located at the Ratu Indahshopping mall in Makassar, southSulawesi.The blast occurred at a timewhen the fast food outlet was packedwith customers who had completedthe daily fast for Ramadan, a month-long period of fasting for Muslims.Three people were killed and twoothers injured.Another blast occurreda couple of hours later at a Toyota cardealership, damaging four cars butcausing no injuries. No claims ofresponsibility were made, although thelocation and method of the blastssuggest the complicity of LaskarJundullah, an Indonesian extremistgroup with anti-U.S. views.

DECEMBER 15

SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA

At approximately 8:40 p.m., a U.S.Lieutenant Colonel was assaulted in an unprovoked attack by threeunidentified Korean radicals.TheKorean attackers punched andattempted to stab him with a five-inchknife.The Lieutenant Colonelsustained a blow to the head, a cut on his left side, and minor abrasionsand bruises. He was subsequentlytreated and released from the hospital.

McDonald’s restaurant in Makassar, South Sulawesi covered in debris after a bombexploded during a peak customer time. December 5, 2002


AMERICANS IN CAPTIVITY


E U R O P EOCTOBER 23

MOSCOW, RUSSIA

Up to 50 heavily-armed Chechenterrorists took 600-700 theater-goershostage at the Palace of Culture of the Podshipnikov Zavod Theater.The gunmen demanded a resolutionto the situation in the ChechenRepublic, to include the withdrawal ofRussian troops. On October 26,Russian Special Forces administeredthe anesthetic gas fentanyl through the ventilation system.Thecommandos stormed the theater and killed all the Chechen rebels.In the rescue attempt, 124 hostages,including one American, died.

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAAPRIL 1

NIGER DELTA, NIGERIA

Ten oil workers, including oneAmerican were taken hostage bymilitant youth.They were demanding3.1 million naira (approximately$27,000) and an agreementguaranteeing jobs and contracts for thelocal community.The hostages wereeventually released unharmed.

S O U T H A S I AJANUARY 23

KARACHI, PAKISTAN

A Wall Street Journal correspondent waskidnaped while he was investigatingMuslim extremist groups. On February21, 2002 Pakistani and Americanofficials received a film from thecaptors showing the murder of thejournalist.

JUNE 7

MINDANAO, PHILIPPINES

An American missionary was killed andhis wife wounded during an exchangeof gunfire between the Philippinemilitary and Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)rebels.The couple was part of a group of20 people, including another Americankidnaped by the ASG in Palawan,Philippines.The third American wasexecuted in 2001 by his captors.

Wall Street Journal correspondentDaniel Pearl was kidnaped and latermurdered while he was investigatingMuslim extremist groups.

U.S. hostages Gracia and Martin Bunham seen in video footage, whileheld by Abu Sayyaf gunmen in the Philippines for more than a yearbefore being rescued by Filipino troops. Martin and a fellow hostagedied in the rescue operation.

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