02_Rainwater Harvesting System Rev HW01
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Transcript of 02_Rainwater Harvesting System Rev HW01
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Rainwater Harvesting System(DGB617)
2011/12 Semester 1 & 2
The Copyright of this document belongs to BCA. No part of this document may be used, disclosed, transferred, reproduced,stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying recording or
otherwise to any person not authorized to use it without the express written permission of BCA
Introduction! What is Rainwater Harvesting &
Utilization?
! Decentralized, environmentally sound solution
! Alternative Technologies to Augment Freshwater
Resources
! Avoid environmental problems caused by
conventional large scale projects using centralized
approaches
2
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!Definition! Rainwater harvesting is a technology used for
collecting and storing rainwater for human use.
Introduction
!Rainwater Collection! Rainwater is collected from rooftops, land surfaces
or rock catchments using simple techniques suchas jars and pots as well as engineered techniques.
3
Rainwater Harvesting System
! What is Rainwater Harvesting System?
! The system collect rainwater from various catchmentareas and store it in tanks for application such asirrigation.
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! Demand for Rainwater Harvesting" practiced for more than 4,000 years
" owe to the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall
" important water source in areas with significant rainfall butlack centralized supply system
" ood o tion in areas lackin in ood ualit fresh surface
Introduction
water or groundwater
! Rainwater Harvesting Technology! Application of appropriate rainwater harvesting technology
is important for the utilization of rainwater as a water resource
5
Source of Rainwater - Water Cycle
6
http://www.tradenote.net/images/users/000/159/296/products_images/Rain_Water_Harvesting___Recycling_Consultancy.jpg
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How Rainwater is Collected
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http://www.greengaragedetroit.com/images/7/72/Rainwater-harvesting.jpg
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http://www.bnm.ie/files/envir/20080724023004_house%20&%20rainsava%20system%20HR%20Neworld%20low%20res.JPG
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Rainwater Harvesting Outdoor Use
11
http://www.whiz-q.com/Merchant2/graphics/00000001/Rainwater_Illustration.gif
Rainwater Harvesting Common Use
12
Rainwater Harvesting Facilities in AcehRainwater Harvesting Facilities in AcehBuilt by South Korean StudentsBuilt by South Korean Students
Rainwater Harvesting Facilities inRainwater Harvesting Facilities inAlorAlor Supported by UNICEFSupported by UNICEF
http://www.ntust-isa.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61&Itemid=64
Typical Layout for Rainwater Harvesting
Facilities
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Rainwater Harvesting System
Rainwater Harvesting System
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Principle of Rainwater Harvesting
! Rainwater Harvesting Principles
! capture non-potable waterat the point it falls
! a substitute for mains water in non-potable
applications
! alleviate the effect of heavy rainfall on flood-
risk areas
! saves energy by not using highly processed tap-
water to flush toilets
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Rainwater Harvesting SystemMain Components
PipingIt is used to convey rain water from the catchment areas to thecollection tank. Only approved type of pipe shall be used.
FilterIt is use to filter off foreign objects within the collected rain water
Collection TankIt is usually a concrete tank which durable and require minimummaintenance.
Overflow PipeThis is a feature incorporated into the tank. It is to release excessiverain water when the tank is full.
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Firs
t
FlushK
eyCom
p
onen
t
17
Rainw
aterH
arv
esting
Com
pon
en
ts18
http://www.alexanderha
miltoninstitute.org/lp/BuildingGreenUSA/Special%20Reports/Rainwater%20Harvesting/Rainwater%20Col
lection%20Image%202
.jpg
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TypesofR
ainw
aterH
arv
esting
Syste
ms
!
Desi
gnCon
sid
era
tion
s
!
dependsonsize&natureoftheca
tchmentareas
!
whetherthesystemsareinurbanorruralsettings
!
T
esofR
euirem
en
ts
!
Simpleroofwatercollectionsystems
!
Largersystemsforeducationalinstitutions,stadiums,
airportsandotherfacilities.
!
Roofwatercollectionsystemsforhigh-risebuildingsin
urbanizedareas
!
Landsurfacecatchments
!
Collectionofstorm-waterinurbanizedcatchments
19
Sim
pleR
oof
Colle
ction
20
Th
em
ain
compon
en
tsin
asim
plero
ofw
ater
c
ollection
system
are
thecis
ternits
elf,
thepipin
gthatle
adstoth
ecis
tern
an
dthe
appurten
an
ceswithin
thecis
tern.
H
arvestedrainw
aterm
aybefiltere
dor
disinfe
cted.
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Larg
eSystem
s
21
Wh
en
the
system
sarelarg
er,
theov
erall
system
canb
ecom
eabitm
ore
com
plic
ated,for
ex
am
plerainw
ater
colle
ctionfrom
theroofs
an
dgro
un
dsof
institution
s,s
toragein
un
dergro
un
dre
serv
oirs
,treatm
entan
dthen
useforn
on-
potable
applic
ation
s.
High-riseB
uildin
gsIn
U
rbaniz
ed
Are
as
Inhigh-ris
e
buildin
gs,
roofs
can
be
design
edfor
catchm
en
t
purp
osesan
d
22
http://www.pristinewatersystems.net/images/rainwater_schematic.gif
thecolle
cted
roofw
ater
can
bek
eptin
separa
te
cis
tern
son
the
roofs
(or
gro
un
dflo
or)
forn
on-
potable
uses.
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Lan
dSurfa
ceCatchm
ents
Pro
blem
Possibilityofhigh
ratesofwater
lossdueto
infiltrationintothe
ground.
Suita
bility
23
Byre
tainin
g
theflow
s(inclu
din
gflo
odflow
s)of
sm
allcre
ek
san
dstream
s
insm
all
sto
ragere
serv
oirs
(on
surfa
ceor
un
dergro
un
d)cre
atedbylow
costdam
s
-this
techn
olo
gym
eetw
ater
dem
an
dsdurin
gdry
perio
ds.
qualityofthe
watercollected
mainlysuitablefor
storingwaterfor
agricultural
purposes.
Storm-w
aterIn
Urb
aniz
ed
Catc
hmen
ts
Th
e
surfa
cerun
off
colle
cted
i
nstorm-w
ater
pon
ds/
reservoirsfrom
urb
an
are
asis
sub
jecttoawid
ev
arie
tyof
con
tamin
an
ts.K
eepin
gthese
c
atchm
en
tscle
anis
of
pr
imaryim
portan
ce,an
d
h
encethecostofw
ater
24
http://www.cee.vt.edu/ew
r/environmental/teach/gwprimer/group18/nix.jpg
pollu
tion
con
trol
can
be
con
sid
era
ble.
Theserainga
rdens
havebeense
tupby
variouscouncilstohelp
filterstormwaterbeforeit
entersdrainsandour
riversandcr
eeks.
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Rainwater Harvesting System
! Benefits! Reduce water consumption (Save $$)
! Promote water conservation
! Excellent source of water for landscape irrigationwithout chemical
! Limitations! Limited and uncertainty of rain fall
! Can be costly to install depending on the size andcomplexity of the system (i.e. tank size, delivery
system)! Need skill workers to carry out maintenance work
END