02 Enhanced Prot
-
Upload
balakrushna-sahu -
Category
Documents
-
view
226 -
download
0
Transcript of 02 Enhanced Prot
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
1/16
EnhancedTransmission Line
Protection usingPMUs
Faraz Z. Khan,
Raghavendra. G, R. Nagaraja and H.P. Khincha
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
2/16
Contents
Introduction
Proposed scheme
Basic architectureCase Studies
Conclusion
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
3/16
Introduction
Transmission line protection is majorly dependent on Distance
relay operation
Existing Distance relay operation is affected by various factors
such as :
Presence of Infeed
Presence of FACTS devices
Load encroachment
Fault resistance
Power swing
Parallel line operation
Mutual coupling effect
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
4/16
Proposed Scheme
Proposed scheme is concentrated to control zone 2 and zone 3
operation of relay as zone 1 operation is generally instantaneous.
The scheme utilizes PMU data, double ended fault location
algorithm and communication infrastructure for its operation.
It does not modifies the existing zone settings thus in case of
communication failure, the conventional scheme will be intact.
Phasor information has to be transmitted to the PDC only upon
detection of fault in zone 1 of slave locations.
Zone 3 setting is restricted to secondary line end for simplicity.
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
5/16
Basic Architecture
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
6/16
Flowchart
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
7/16
Flowchart (contd)
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
8/16
Case Study - Infeed operation
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Zone 2 reach of the Master relay is set to cover 50% impedance of
the line between buses 2-4 (i.e. 10 km from Bus 2)
A three phase to ground fault is simulated at 8 km on line 2-3 from
slave 1 location
Slave 1 relay detected fault in Zone 1
Computed fault distance = 7.98 km
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
9/16
Case Study - Infeed operation
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Apparent impedance seen by
Master relay
Apparent impedance seen bySlave1 relay
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
10/16
Sequence of operation
1 Zone 1 of Slave 1 triggered
2 The voltage and current phasors at slave 1 and slave 2 are
communicated to PDC by the respective PMUs
3
The fault location is estimated by PDC (i.e. 7.8 km) anddecision is taken for master relay to trigger
4 The decision is communicated to the PMU at master
location
5 The signal received by PMU at master location is
transferred to the master relay for triggering zone 2 operation
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
11/16
Case Study - SVC operation
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Zone 2 reach of the Master relay is set to cover 50% of the line
between buses 2-3 (i.e. 55 km from Bus 2)
Zone 3 covers the entire length of the line between buses 2-3
A three phase to ground fault is simulated on line 2-3 at 90 km from
slave 1 location and 20 km from slave 2 location
Slave 2 relay detected fault in Zone 1
Computed fault distance = 90.31 km
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
12/16
Case Study - SVC operation
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Apparent impedance seen by
Master relay
Apparent impedance seen bySlave2 relay
Proposed scheme triggers the Master relay zone 3
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
13/16
Case StudyLoad encroachment
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Apparent impedance seen by
Master relay
Apparent impedance seen bySlave1 relay
Proposed scheme blocks the Master relay Zone 3
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
14/16
Conclusion
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Proposed scheme is simple and utilizes basic PMU
architecture
It can effectively solve existing issues faced by distance
relaying
It retains the existing setting of the relays thus in case of
communication failure, the conventional scheme will be
intact.
Proposed scheme also performs well for double circuitlines, mutual coupling effect and in presence of fault
resistance
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
15/16
ReferencesqAlstom T&D, Network Protection and Automation Guide, 1st edition, Alstom Grid, July 2002.
q S. H. Horowitz, A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorpe, Adaptive Transmission System Relaying, IEEE Trans.
on Power Delivery, Vol. 3, No. 4, October 1988.
q Tarlochan Singh Sidhu, Rajiv K. Varma, Pradeep Kumar Gangadharan, Fadhel Abbas Albasri and German
Rosas Ortiz Performance of Distance Relays on Shunt-FACTs Compensated Transmission Lines, IEEE
Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 20, No. 3, July, 2005.
q Fadhel A. Albasri, Tarlochan Singh Sidhu and Rajiv K. Varma, Performance Comparison of Distance
Protection Schemes for Shunt-FACTs Compensated Transmission Lines, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
Vol. 22, No. 4, October, 2007.q Report of the Enquiry Committee on Grid Disturbance in Northern Region on 30th July, 2012 and in
Northern, Eastern and North-Eastern Region on 31st July, 2012.
qNERC, August 14, 2003 Blackout: NERC Actions to Prevent and Mitigate the Impacts of Future
Cascading Blackouts, February 10, 2004, North American Electric Reliability Council, Princeton, New
Jersey.
q S. H. Horowitz and A. G. Phadke, Third Zone Revisited, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, January 2006.
q Seong-Il Lim, Chen-Ching Liu, Seung-Jae Lee, Myeon-Song Choi and Seong-Jeong Rim,Blocking of
Zone 3 Relays to Prevent Cascaded Events, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, Vol. 23, No. 2, May, 2008.
qAmr El-Hadidy and Christian Rehtanz, Blocking of Distance Relay Zone 3 Under Load Encroachment
Conditions: A New Approach Using Phasor Measurements Technique, Proceedings of the 14th International
Middle East Power System Conference (MEPCON), Cairo University, Egypt, December 19-21, 2010.
q MiPowerTM User Manual, www.prdcinfotech.com.
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
-
7/27/2019 02 Enhanced Prot
16/16
Thank You
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd.