basic camera

light tight box

shutteraperture

lens

recording media

basic camera

basic camera

YAHWEH

light tight box

eye lids (shutter)

pupil (aperture)

lens

retina(recording media)

basic camera

basic camera

Basic Camera Controls:Exposure Modes:

AUTOmatic

Program

Shutter-priority Tv

Aperture-priority Av

Manual Exposure

Basic Camera Controls:Exposure Modes:

AUTOmatic the camera sets all controls for you. Very limited overrides.

Automatically sets: ISO Apterure & Shutter Speed

Basic Camera Controls:Exposure Modes:

Program the camera sets the aperture and shutter speed based on a program built into the camera by the manufacturer.

You can override many of the settings and change your exposure.

Basic Camera Controls:Exposure Modes:

Shutter-priority Tv You set the Shutter Speed

and the camera will automatically

set the correct aperture.

Useful when the motion of a

subject is important. i.e sports

Basic Camera Controls:Exposure Modes:

Aperture-priority Av You set the aperture and the

camera selects the correct shutter

speed automatically.

Basic Camera Controls:Exposure Modes:

Manual Exposure

You set both the aperture and

the shutter speed for the exposure.

Useful in extreme lighting

conditions and when you want to

control it all.

Basic Camera Controls:

There are two basic controls to making a correct exposure:

Aperture&

Shutter Speed

Apertures:

The aperture controls the amount of

light stiking the sensor & helps to

control the depth of �eld.

Apertures:- sometimes called an iris diaphragm

- functions much like the pupil in the eye, expanding and contracting depending on the amount of light required.

Apertures:- the aperture’s expansion is called opening up

- its contraction is called stopping down

- the aperture numbers are called f / stops

f/1.4 f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/11f/8

Apertures:

f/1.4 f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/11f/8

Apertures:

f / stops are fractions

f/1.4 f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/11f/8

Apertures:

the lower the number, the larger the opening

the higher the number, the smaller the opening

f/1.4 f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/11f/8

As you open up the aperture...you double the amount of light.

As you stop down the aperture...you half the amount of light

f/1.4 f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/11f/8

The aperture controls the amount of light stiking the sensor

& helps to control the depth of �eld.

300mm f/2.8

What Di�erence Does Aperture Size Make?

Front Lens Element Size Comparison

300mm f/2.8 300mm f/5.6

What Di�erence Does Aperture Size Make?

Front Lens Element Size Comparison

$3,500 $300

300mm f/2.8 300mm f/5.6

What Di�erence Does Aperture Size Make?

Front Lens Element Size Comparison

$3,500 $300

300mm f/2.8 300mm f/5.6

What Di�erence Does Aperture Size Make?

Front Lens Element Size Comparison

Depth of Field

the distance from foreground to background that is in acceptable focus.

Depth of Field

the distance from foreground to background that is in acceptable focus.

Three Factors: aperture focal length of the lens focus distance

Depth of Field

The smaller the aperture...

the more depth of �eld.

The larger the aperture...

the less depth of �eld.

Shutter Speed:

The shutter controls the quantity

light stiking the sensor (how long

the light is allowed to come in) and it

controls motion.

Shutter Speed:

Camera shutter speeds are typically:

B 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000

Shutter Speed:

Camera shutter speeds are typically:

B 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000

The 1 on the shutter speed scale refers to 1 second of exposure time.

Shutter Speed:

Camera shutter speeds are typically:

B 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000

The other numbers refer to fractions of one second.

We typically refer to 1/2, 1/4th, 1/8th as fractions; the

remaining numbers, 1/30 and higher, are referred to as

whole numbers.

f/8 @ 1/2 second or f/8 @ 250 (the fraction is understood)

Shutter Speed:

Camera shutter speeds are typically:

B 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000

B represents bulb. Which refers to the shutter being

held open as long as the bulb is squeezed or the cable

release is depressed.

Shutter Speed:

B 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000

Fast shutter speeds can freeze motion.

A very slow shutter speed will record even a slow

moving object with some blur.

Shutter Speed:

B 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000

Shutter speeds are also in 1-stop increments and

relate in the same way the aperture stops do.

Each speed = one stop Each stop = one half or double the amount of like

striking the sensor.