CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN

2nd Draft

APRIL 21, 2008

by

Maury Riner

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Purpose 7

2. Scope 7

2.1 Employees 7

2.2 Students 7

3. Exclusions 8

4. Responsibilities of the University, Employees, Students 8

4.1 President 8

4.2 Safety Committees 8

4.21 Chemical Safety Committee 8

4.22 Biological Safety Committee 8

4.23 Radiation Safety Committee 9

4.3 Research Proposal Review 9

4.31 Student Research Review 9

4.32 Faculty Research Review 9

4.4 Environmental Health Safety / Risk Management Support 9

4.5 Department Chairs 10

4.6 Principle Investigators (PI) / Research Lab Supervisors (RLS) 10

4.7 Employees 11

4.8 Students 12

5. Classification of Chemical Hazards 12

5.1 Physical (Contact) Hazards 12

5.11 Corrosive Chemicals 12

5.12 Sensitizing / Irritant Chemicals 12

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5.2 Flammable / Combustible (Fire) Hazards 13

5.21 Flammable / Combustible Liquids 13

5.22 Flammable Solids 13

5.3 Multiple Hazards 13

5.31 Highly Reactive / Unstable Chemicals 13

5.4 Particularly Hazardous Chemicals 13

5.41 General SOPs 14

5.42 Highly (Acutely) Toxic Chemicals 14

5.43 Select Carcinogenic Chemicals 14

5.44 Reproductive / Developmental Toxins 15

5.5 Restricted Chemicals 15

5.51 EPA p-listed Chemicals 15

5.52 DEA Controlled Chemicals 15

5.53 DHS Chemicals of Interest 16

5.6 Cryogenic Liquids 16

5.61 Cold Burn Hazards 16

5.62 Asphyxiation Hazards 16

5.63 Fire and Explosion Hazards 16

5.7 Cryogenic Liquid SOP 16

5.71 Required PPE 16

5.8 Solid Carbon Dioxide (Dry Ice) 17

5.81 Cold Burn Hazards 17

5.82 Asphyxiation Hazards 17

5.83 Flammable Liquid Hazards 17

5.9 Solid Carbon Dioxide (Dry Ice) SOP 17

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5.91 Required PPE 17

5.10 Compressed Gases 17

5.11 Compressed Gas Cylinder SOPs 18

6. Reducing Hazardous Chemical Exposures 19

6.1 Administrative Controls 19

6.11 Laboratory Inspections 19

6.2 Engineering Controls 20

6.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 21

6.31 Choosing PPE 21

6.32 Using PPE 22

7. Laboratory SOPs 22

7.1 General Teaching Laboratory SOPs 22

7.2 General Research Laboratory SOPs 25

8. Chemical Exposure Assessment and Medical Exams 28

8.1 Personal Exposure Monitoring 28

8.2 Frequency of Exposure Monitoring 28

8.3 Medical Exams 28

9. General Chemical SOPs 28

9.1 Chemical Procurement 29

9.2 Chemical Inventories 29

9.3 Chemical Storage and Labeling 29

9.4 Controlled Substances / P-Listed Chemicals 30

9.5 Shipment of Chemicals 31

10. Hazardous Waste Disposal 31

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10.1 Hazardous Biological Waste 32

10.2 Chemical Waste 32

10.3 Radioactive Waste 33

11. Safety Training and Information 33

11.1 General Teaching & Research Employee Training 33

11.2 Specific Teaching & Research Employee Training 34

11.3 Information Teaching & Research Employees 35

12. Working Autonomously 35

12.1 Working Autonomously 35

13. Working Unsupervised 36

13.1 Working Unsupervised 36

14. Equipment Operation 37

15. Emergency Situations and Evacuations 37

15.1 Non-life Threatening Accidents 37

15.11 Non-chemical Burns 37

15.12 Cuts 38

15.13 Chemical Burns Eyes 38

15.14 Chemical Burns Skin < 10 % 38

15.15 Chemical Burns Skin > 10 % 38

15.2 Life Threatening Accidents or Situations 39

15.3 Small Chemical Spills 39

15.4 Large Chemical Spills 39

15.5 Natural Disasters or Building Evacuations 39

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

1. Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP)

2. Safety First Approach (SFA)

3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

4. University of Alaska Anchorage (UAA)

5. Environmental Health Safety & Risk Management Support (EHS / RMS)

6. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

7. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

8. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

9. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)

10. Dept. of Homeland Security (DHS)

11. Dept. of Environmental Conservation (DEC)

12. Municipality of Anchorage (MOA)

13. Centers for Disease Control (CDC)

14. National Institute of Health (NIH)

15. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

16. Principal Investigators (PIs)

17. Research Lab Supervisors (RLS)

18. Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

19. Particularly Hazardous Chemicals (PHC)

20. American Conference of Governmental Hygienists (ACGIH)

21.

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1. PURPOSE

The Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) for the University of Alaska Anchorage provides written guidelines as required by law and for the establishment of a Safety First Approach (SFA). The SFA will encourage and support the use of ‘Standard and Prudent Practices’ in all teaching and research laboratories that use chemicals on a laboratory scale in accordance with definitions provided in the OSHA Laboratory Safety Standard. The SFA warrants the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and safe and prudent practices in the handling, storage and disposal of chemicals. In addition, the SFA will include the appropriate use of all scientific equipment in teaching and research laboratories. The SFA should help to minimize exposure risks by protecting employees and students from potential health hazards resulting from the use of hazardous chemicals or while performing hazardous procedures while pursuing their education at UAA.

The CHP is designed to meet the requirements outlined in the U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 29 CFR Part 1910.1450. This plan complies with any additional requirements outlined in Occupational Exposures to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories as adopted by the State of Alaska. These sets of regulations are commonly known as the ‘Laboratory Standard.’

2. SCOPE

2.1 Employees

The CHP covers all employees who use or are exposed to hazardous chemicals in teaching and research laboratories at UAA under the Laboratory Standard regulations. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures

section, statement #3 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

Non-laboratory, (custodial, electricians, etc.), employees are covered under the OSHA Hazard Communications requirements. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #2 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

2.2 Students

The coverage of students under the Laboratory Standard is not required by law; however, by establishing an SFA the university can voluntarily extend applications to students who often end up as employees or student researchers.

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3. EXCLUSIONS

The CHP does not directly cover work with radioactive materials or infectious, medical, pathological (animal or animal carcasses), recombinant DNA, and all other types of biological agent wastes. These materials will be addressed by the Radiation Safety Committee and the Biological Safety Committee and those policies will be added to this CHP in the appendices.

4. UNIVERSITY RESPONSIBILITIES

4.1 President

The university president has the legal responsibility for the development and enforcement of the university CHP, program-specific lab Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and research-specific SOPs. The president provides support for the Chemical, Biological and Radiation Safety Committees for the administration and development of the university-wide CHP and program specific lab SOPs.

4.2 Safety Committees

Current University policy for the establishment and rules governing safety committees is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #1 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

4.21 Chemical Safety Committee

The Chemical Safety Committee has the delegated responsibility of developing the university CHP related to the use of hazardous chemicals on a laboratory scale and promoting the adoption of a SFA in all policies. This committee has the responsibility of reviewing and updating the CHP annually, or as changes in Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC), or Municipality of Anchorage (MOA) regulations require.

4.22 Biological Safety Committee

The Biological Safety Committee has the delegated responsibility of developing general and lab protocol-specific SOPs with regard to the handling, use and disposal of infectious, medical, pathological (animal or animal carcasses), recombinant DNA, and all other types of biological agent wastes, and promoting the adoption of a SFA in all biological

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policies. This committee has the responsibility of reviewing and updating the biological program specific lab SOPs annually, or as changes in Centers for Disease Control (CDC) or National Institute of Health (NIH) regulations require.

. 4.23 Radiation Safety Committee

The Radiation Safety committee has the delegated responsibility of developing general and lab protocol-specific SOPs with regard to the procurement, handling, use and disposal of all radio nuclides, and compounds possessing radio nuclides, and promoting the SFA to all adopted radiation policies. This committee has the responsibility of reviewing and updating the radiation lab specific SOPs annually, or as Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulations require.

4.3 Research Proposal Reviews

4.31 Student Research Proposal Review

The Student Research Review Committee has the delegated responsibility of reviewing all under graduate / graduate student research grants / proposals. This committee ensures that each proposal has a complete SOP outlining chemical usage, methodology, waste generation, and disposal for all research projects prior to the ordering of any chemicals.

4.32 Faculty Research Proposal Review

The Faculty Research Review Committee has the delegated responsibility of reviewing all Faculty research grants / proposals.

This committee ensures that each proposal has a complete SOP outlining chemical usage, methodology, waste generation, and disposal for all research projects prior to the ordering of any chemicals. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #23 at:

http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

4.4 Environmental Health Safety & Risk Management Support (EHS / RMS)

The EHS / RMS department is responsible for compliance assurance of EPA, DHS, DEA, CDC, NIH, DEC, OSHA, NRC and MOA regulations and policies. Department Heads, Deans and Directors are responsible for enforcement of regulations and policies. The department reviews research SOPs

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to ensure that appropriate risk / hazard assessments are completed. EHS / RMS assists and advises departments, committees, instructors, and researchers with selection of appropriate PPE, evaluation of the suitability of facilities for performing projects, approving waste generation plans and disposition of approved waste streams. The Chemical Hygiene Officer and Radiation Safety Officer facilitate EHS / RMS in carrying out departmental duties. EHS / RMS authority is vested through Department Heads, Deans and Directors except in cases of imminent threats to life, limb and property when it may become impractical or impossible to consult with normal administrative chains of command in a timely manner.

EHS / RMS will serve on the chemical, biological and radiation safety committees in an ex-officio capacity to provide advice and to assist with identifying physical and training resources as well as to review issues for regulatory compliance.

4.5 Department Chairs

The Department Chairs and / or Lab Coordinators of each department are responsible for development and enforcement (through department chairs) of program-specific lab SOPs for teaching labs at the department level. The Department Chairs are responsible for compliance and enforcement of all EPA, DHS, DEA, CDC, NIH, DEC, and MOA regulations and policies applicable to each department.

4.6 Principle Investigators (PI) / Research Lab Supervisors (RLS)

The PI is responsible for the health and safety of all persons working in their research laboratory. The PI may delegate safety duties to a RLS. Responsibilities for ensuring that any delegated duties are carried out remain with the PI. Additional responsibilities of the PI / RLS are as follows:

1. Implementing and enforcing a SFA for activities in their laboratory by applying all applicable standard and prudent safety practices.

2. Establishment of general and protocol-specific SOPs for all hazardous activities in their lab.

3. Safety training of all laboratory personnel working with hazardous chemicals / procedures, and operation of potentially dangerous equipment. Written records of safety trainings must be kept on file for a period of five years.

4. Maintaining an online-chemical inventory for their laboratory.

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5. Providing laboratory personnel access to the UAA CHP, protocol-specific SOPs, and all other prudent safety information, including reference materials and MSDS sheets.

6. Providing necessary and appropriate PPE to all laboratory personnel working in their lab. (ANSI Z87.1-2003 approved goggles, non-permeable gloves etc.). Providing additional recommended PPE by EHS / RMS for specific hazards / risks related to their individual research projects.

7. Reporting malfunctioning facilities equipment (eye washes, fume hoods, leaking sinks, light bulb replacement etc.) to appropriate personnel for scheduling repairs or testing as needed in a timely manner.

8. Reporting all accidents or injuries to appropriate personnel and EHS / RMS immediately. Accident forms must be filled out and sent to EHS / RMS within 48 hours.

9. Compliance and enforcement of all EPA, DHS, DEA, CDC, NIH, DEC, and MOA regulations and policies pertaining to lab waste disposal.

10. Correct all deficiencies in a timely manner after a lab inspection by EHS / RMS and other internal or external inspection or audit groups.

11. Inform non-laboratory personnel of any lab-specific hazards prior to working on or repairing any building facilities, (electrical, plumbing etc.) or specialized equipment (refrigerators, freezers etc.). Any identified hazard should be minimized to provide a safe working environment for non-laboratory personnel.

12. Consult EHS / RMS when ordering and using any chemical in the following categories: restricted, particularly-hazardous chemicals, carcinogens, acutely-toxic chemicals, p-listed chemicals, highly reactive chemicals or controlled substances.

13. Consult EHS / RMS for special safety precautions needed when changing or scaling up experimental procedures which increase the risks / hazards to laboratory personnel.

4.7 Employees

Employees are responsible for participating in department-specific safety trainings annually. Employees should be aware of the health and safety hazards presented by the chemicals and equipment they are working with, or may come

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in contact with in the laboratory. All accidents or injuries should be reported to the appropriate personnel immediately.

4.8 Students

Students should observe and practice all safety procedures outlined in the UAA CHP, and any teaching or research lab-specific SOPs. Students should be aware of the health and safety hazards presented by the chemicals and equipment they are working with, or may come in contact with in the laboratory. All accidents or injuries should be reported to the appropriate personnel immediately.

5. CLASSIFICATION OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS

Laboratory personnel must have a clear understanding of the associated physical, chemical, and toxicological properties of any chemical they are using or come in contact with. In addition, compressed gases and cryogenic liquids present unique hazards.

5.1 Physical (Contact) Hazards

5.11 Corrosive Chemicals

Corrosive chemicals are those that chemically react with living tissue at the point of contact causing destruction and

irreversible alterations resulting in permanent damage or scarring. This is most common in the case of skin exposure (visible), but can occur in the respiratory tract (invisible) due to inhalation of corrosive fumes.

5.12 Sensitizing / Irritant Chemicals

Sensitizers are those chemicals that cause an allergic response in individuals upon repeated exposure usually by skin contact.

This allergic response can be delayed and not be apparent until after a number of repeated exposures.

Irritants are those chemicals when in contact with the skin causereversible effects at the site such as itching, redness

or an inflammatory response.

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5.2 Flammable / Combustible (Fire) Hazards

5.21 Flammable / Combustible Liquids

Substances that readily burn in air are considered flammable. Flammable / combustible liquids are classified according to

their flash points. The degree of flammability depends on various factors including flash point, boiling point, vapor pressure, fuel-to-air ratios and the available ignition source. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #35 at:

http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

5.22 Flammable Solids

Substances that may cause a fire through friction, spontaneously ignite upon contact with air, (pyrophoric) and / or self heat to a temperature that supports spontaneous combustion are classified as flammable solids. This includes chemicals labeled ‘Dangerous when Wet.’

5.3 Multiple Hazards

5.31 Highly Reactive / Unstable Chemicals

Substances that under the right conditions may polymerize, decompose violently or react violently upon contact with another chemical or substance are classified as highly reactive or unstable. These types of chemicals may also react violently under conditions of shock, pressure, temperature, light and other energy sources.

5.4 Particularly Hazardous Chemicals (PHC)

High risk materials defined as: highly toxic, select carcinogens, or reproductive toxins are classified as particularly hazardous substances and require additional provisions to ensure employee and student safety when working with these types of chemicals. To ensure the safety and minimize the risks associated with the usage, storage, handling and disposal of PHC and carcinogenic chemicals the following standard and prudent practices outlined below are required. Where warranted, the use of special PPE, techniques or protocols will be addressed in the lab specific SOPs.

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5.41 General SOPs

1. Use only the minimum amount of chemical needed for the procedure.

2. Perform all work in a fume hood, glove box, or a designated area when performing the following operations

2.1 Volatilizing or dissolving PHCs.

2.2 Any manipulation that produces aerosols or fines.

2.3 Weighing out PHCs using the tare method with a sealed container.

2.4 Use hepa filters, carbon filters or scrubber systems with containment devices to protect effluent and vacuum lines / vacuum pumps.

2.5 Decontaminate the area if necessary when done.

2.6 Report all exposures of carcinogenic materials immediately.

5.42 Highly (Acutely) Toxic Chemicals

Substances that are acutely toxic fall into the exposure values listed:

1. Oral LD50 values from > 5 < 50 mg / kg of body weight for humans.

2. Skin contact < 200 mg / kg body weight.

3. Inhalation LC50 < 200 ppm for 1 hr, and inhalation LC50 < 2,000 mg / m3 for 1 hr, or has OSHA defined permissible exposure limits and threshold limit value of 50 ppm used by the American Conference of Governmental Hygienists (ACGIH).

5.43 Select Carcinogenic Chemicals

Substances that meet one of the following criteria are regulated by OSHA as carcinogens:

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1. Listed as a known carcinogen by the National Toxicology Program (NTP).

2. Listed under groups 1, carcinogenic to humans, 2A, probably carcinogenic to humans, 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans.

3. Listed as reasonably anticipated to be a carcinogen to humans is classified as a select carcinogen. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/9732

Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section

statement #16 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm See the current list of carcinogenic chemicals at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Lists.htm

5.44. Reproductive / Developmental Toxins

Substances that cause chromosomal damage (mutagens) and are lethal or cause malformations in fetuses (teratogens) both fall under reproductive / developmental toxins as defined by OSHA.

5.5 Restricted Chemicals

Chemicals that fall under the restricted category are all p-listed chemicals, controlled substances and other chemicals that require very specialized safety / hazard assessments to ensure safety to employees and students when used. All chemicals that fall in this category must be approved by EHS / RMS prior to purchase.

5.51 EPA P-Listed Chemicals

Those chemicals defined by the EPA as acutely hazardous substances. See the current p-listed chemical list at:

http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Lists.htm

5.52 DEA Controlled Substances

Those chemicals listed by the DEA as chemicals that are used in the illegal manufacture of controlled substances (drugs).See

the current DEA list at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Lists.htm

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5.53 DHS Chemicals of Interest

Those chemicals listed by the DHS as chemicals of interest that are used in terrorist activities by internal or external groups. See

the current DHS list at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Lists.htm

5.6 Cryogenic Liquids

Cryogens are liquefied gases with a boiling point of 110K (-160 °C). The two most common cryogenic liquids are nitrogen and helium.

These compounds have additional hazards and require additional safety precautions as outlined below.

5.61 Cold Burn Hazards

Skin contact with cryogenic liquids or non-insulated equipment (metallic) parts can cause frostbite or cold burns. Eye contact with cryogenic liquids can cause permanent eye damage.

5.62 Asphyxiation Hazards

When large amounts of a cryogen are spilled or are released by failure of a large Dewar, asphyxiation can result due to oxygen deficiency which is undetectable in an unventilated or enclosed room. The volumetric expansion rate from the liquid to gaseous phase ranges from 690 – 750 times. Dewars containing liquid nitrogen cannot to be stored or used in any cold room.

5.63 Fire and Explosion Hazards

Liquid nitrogen and liquid helium are not flammable; however, they are capable of condensing liquid oxygen out of the air creating an oxygen rich environment which could ignite any flammable materials in the immediate area.

5.7 Cryogenic Liquid SOP

5.71 Required PPE

When transferring cryogenic liquids or removing samples from a Dewar, the PPE listed below must be used:

1. Cryo-gloves

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2. Safety Goggles and Face Shield

3. Lab Coat and Long Pants

5.8 Solid Carbon Dioxide (Dry Ice) or Dry Ice / Acetone Mixtures

Solid carbon dioxide with a boiling point of 195 K (-78°C) is a substance that undergoes sublimation.

5.81 Cold Burn Hazards

Skin contact with a solid carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide / liquid acetone can cause frostbite or cold burns. Eye contact with carbon dioxide / liquid acetone mixtures can cause permanent eye damage.

5.82 Asphyxiation Hazards

Sublimation of large amounts of solid carbon dioxide in an unventilated or enclosed room can result in asphyxiation due to oxygen deficiency. Over exposure to carbon dioxide in an enclosed room is undetectable.

5.83 Flammable Liquid Hazards

The acetone used in an acetone / dry ice bath is a flammable liquid.

5.9 Dry Ice or Dry Ice / Acetone Mixtures SOP

5.91 When using dry ice / acetone solutions the PPE listed below must be used:

1. Cryo-gloves

2. Safety Goggles

3. Lab Coat and Long Pants

5.10 Compressed Gases

A gas or mixture of gases contained in a cylinder with an absolute pressure greater than 40 pounds per square inch (psi) at 21°C, 104 psi at 54°C, or any flammable liquid with a pressure exceeding 40 psi at 38°C are defined as compressed gases. The most commonly used compressed gases are hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, argon, acetylene, and methane. Compressed gases are

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both mechanically and chemically hazardous depending on the type of compressed gas. Mechanical hazards can occur from the pressures causing a cylinder rupture or a regulator failure. Chemical hazards arise from the flammability, reactivity, or toxicity of the gas.

5.11 Compressed Gas Cylinder SOPs

1. Cylinders should have a company label and user name.

2. Cylinders should have a collar indicating its status - full or empty (MT).

3. Both full and empty cylinders will be secured by two straps or chains spaced 1/3 distance from the top and bottom of the cylinder. Alternate security is the use of a cylinder stand and a single strap mounted to a secure bench or wall.

4. All cylinders not in-service should have the valve cap screwed in place.

5. When bringing a cylinder into or out of service, move the cylinder using a cylinder dolly, with the valve cap in place. DO NOT HAND ROLL ANY CYLINDER!

6. When a cylinder is taken out of service, leave at least 50 psi in the cylinder. Do not continue use until the pressure is reduced to zero.

7. Flammable and reactive compressed gas cylinders should be stored separately from oxidizing compressed gas cylinders.

8. Do not order small lecture bottle gas cylinders which are non-returnable to the manufacturer as they require special procedures prior to disposal through EHS / RMS.

9. Lines leading from a compressed gas cylinder to any piece of equipment using the compressed gas should be labeled with the type of gas and the hazards of the gas, i.e., ‘Hydrogen Gas - Flammable.’

10. Lines leading from a compressed gas cylinder to any piece of equipment should be checked for leaks every 3 months or if indicated by any unusual pressure changes at the regulator using ‘snoop’ - a mild soap and water solution.

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11. The use of small in lab gas generators, hydrogen, or nitrogen is to be encouraged as they omit the hazards associated with the use of high pressure cylinders.

12. Large liquid argon, nitrogen, and helium pressurized Dewars often vent off excess pressure automatically. Keep this in mind while using these devices.

6. REDUCING HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

The use and possible exposure to hazardous chemicals has associated health risks due to inhalation, skin contact, etc. These risks can be minimized and controlled by adopting a SFA, in addition to applying administrative controls, engineering controls, and through the use of appropriate PPE.

6.1 Administrative Controls

1. All outdated SOPs or methodologies (> 10 yrs old) should be reviewed and updated to reduce risks / hazards.

2. All current SOPs should include a risk / hazard assessment.

3. All current SOPs should be reviewed for their waste generation and disposal compliance.

4. Replace wet (classical) chemistry methods with micro-scale experiments, chemical procedures and instrumental methods to decrease chemical usage / exposures.

5. Maintain a current and complete on-line chemical inventory for all laboratories. Chemical inventories should be kept as small as possible to reduce disposal costs.

6.11 Laboratory Inspections

Laboratory inspections are essential to a SFA program in the identification and addressing of potential health and safety deficiencies. All lab inspections by EHS / RMS should be done annually.

Completed inspection checklists and actions to correct identified unsafe conditions should be maintained by the department lab coordinator / PI / RLS for the time specified by EHS / RMS. Follow-up inspections to addressed corrective measures will ensure compliance.

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6.2 Engineering Controls

1. All laboratories using hazardous chemicals that are flammable, volatile, corrosive, reactive, toxic, etc. shall have a fully functional and operating fume hood.

2. Fume hoods are to be tested annually. Documentation of test results will be kept on file in the building manager’s office. Each hood will have the test result displayed on a sticker affixed to the front edge. Each hood will have the maximum sash height (RED arrow) displayed on a sticker affixed to the front edge.

3. Hood users must check the status of the hood prior to each use by observing the continuous air-flow meter on the right side of the hood with a recommended face velocity of 80-100 cfm, or the manometer on the upper right hand corner of some hoods. Do not assume a hood is working properly.

4. All work should be done at least six (6) inches from the back side of the front sash to prevent turbulence and possible escape of hazardous vapors from inside the hood.

5. Any large piece of equipment used inside a hood must be elevated and placed as far back as possible in the hood without blocking the rear or side exhaust openings.

6. Laboratory fume hoods are not to be used for storage of chemicals or equipment, except in the case of continuous procedures that are being carried out in the hood.

7. Do not allow debris such as paper, latex / nitrile gloves, or small objects to be sucked up into the exhaust ducting as this may cause serious damage to the exhaust fan and impair fume hood performance resulting in a hazardous chemical exposure or inadvertent hood failure.

8. When a hood fails or has cfm readings below recommended values it will be tagged ‘Out of Service’ and will not be used for any procedure that requires ventilation in order to control any type of chemical exposure.

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6.3 Personal Protective Equipment

6.31 Choosing Appropriate PPE

1. Employees and students shall review each SOP, MSDS, and any other available safety or hazard information

to determine the appropriate PPE needed based on the chemical hazards encountered in all teaching

or research laboratories.

2. Glove selection should be based on the known literature risks / hazards or safety precautions, and the anticipated level of chemical contact. Glove selection for newly synthesized compounds where no literature is available, should be based on the risk hazards associated with the starting materials accounting for possible higher levels of risks / hazards.

3. Inspect all gloves prior to use for holes, tears, swelling, discoloration, and for a proper fit. Be aware of the

possibility of an immediate or delayed allergic reaction when using latex gloves. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #26 at:

http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

4. Lab coats or aprons should be worn when handling corrosive or caustic chemicals, large containers of

chemical solutions, or when the possibility of bodily contact due to chemical dust / fines is possible.

5. Hearing protection should only be used when noise levels of non-isolated devices such as vacuum pumps, and NMR air pumps are above OSHA standards. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #11 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

6. Respiratory protection is not usually required for normal lab operations. The use of respirators in lab requires

medical evaluation, fitting and training prior to use. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services

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Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #7 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

6.32 Using PPE

1. All persons entering / occupying any laboratory where chemical transfers / handling and the use of glass objects is / are occurring shall be required to wear approved chemical / splash proof impact-resistant goggles as denoted by the ANSI Z87.1-2003 trademark (stamp) on the goggles. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #10 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

2. All persons entering / occupying any laboratory where procedures involve pressures above / below ambient pressures shall use a full face and throat shield in addition to the required chemical / slash proof goggles to provide additional protection against glass debris in the advent of an implosion or explosion, unless the procedure is being carried out in a fume hood with the sash down and the pressurized or evacuated vessels have been wrapped in tape.

3. Before leaving your work area remove contaminated gloves before touching anything else in order to prevent contamination of other objects or surfaces.

4. Hands must be washed prior to putting on and after removing PPE.

7. LABORATORY SOPs

All faculty, staff and students should adopt a SFA by following the general SOPs outlined in the University wide CHP and the lab specific CHPs in the appendices to minimize their overall health and safety risks, and to decrease accidents. Each Department Chair and / or Lab Coordinator will be responsible for providing written lab specific CHPs for all teaching laboratories within their department which will then be added to the University CHP appendices.

7.1 General Teaching Laboratory SOPs

1. Laboratory facilities may be used only by individuals who have the proper documented qualifications and training.

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2. Emergency eyewash and shower stations are to remain free and clear of all obstructions so as not to prevent their use when the need arises.

3. Exit doors will be clearly marked and show the appropriate escape route to be used in the event of an emergency, natural disaster, or an ordered building evacuation.

4. Exit doors and isles between lab benches shall remain clear of all obstructions to permit an orderly escape in the event of an emergency, natural disaster, or an ordered building evacuation.

5. The maximum number of students in any laboratory shall not exceed the number of lab stations in said laboratory.

6. All injuries or accidents shall be reported to the appropriate staff and EHS / RMS immediately. Accident forms must be filled out and sent to EHS / RMS within 48 hours.

7. The dissemination of all relevant / pertinent safety data, chemical hazard warnings, and waste disposal procedures for each experiment shall be an integral part of the lab lecture presentation, or lab book used for each and every experiment in all teaching labs. Information should be updated as required or needed.

8. Chemical exposure should be minimized by using all current methods of PPE available. Since most chemicals used in laboratories present various types of hazards, users should follow all generally recommended precautions and any additional precautions outlined in experimental SOPs at the department level. Additional precautions may be outlined in the appropriate MSDS or current referenced protocols. Employees and students are cautioned against the underestimation of the risks associated with the use of any chemical.

9. The consumption of food or drinks in any lab where the use of hazardous chemicals takes place is prohibited.

10. Sink or drain disposal of laboratory chemicals, lab solutions or any lab waste shall not occur until it has been determined that the chemical, solution or waste is classified as non–hazardous under all current applicable EPA, CDC, NIH, DEC, and MOA regulations and policies.

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11. All medical and infectious biological waste shall be autoclaved (sterilized) as necessary to remove any health hazards for non-laboratory personnel before discarding as normal trash.

Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #14 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

12. Any employee or student that suffers a needle stick or sharps injury when using a blood borne pathogen or potential blood borne pathogen must report this to their supervisor or instructor immediately. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #14 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

13. All small spills of any kind should be cleaned up immediately. The appropriate personnel should be notified immediately in case of large spills.

14. Laboratories should be kept in clean and orderly condition. Equipment and supplies stored in the laboratory should be neatly organized and not pose any tripping or falling-object hazards, and not violate current fire codes. The accumulation of trash (packaging materials) is to be avoided due to fire hazards.

15. Individuals who pose a danger to themselves or others by being

under the influence of any drug, inhibiting medication or who become violent or threatening will be removed from any laboratory by UAA Police. See the current University Incident Action Plan for employees and students “Disorderly or Disturbed Person” at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Incident%20Action%20Plans/IAPforEmployees-Disorderly.pdf

16. In the advent of a visible fire or the sound of a building fire alarm, remain calm and follow your instructor’s directions for evacuating the building. See the current University Incident Action Plan for employees and students “Fire Alarm- Academic Building” at:http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Incident%20Action%20Plans/IAPforEmployees-Alarm.pd f

17. The use of cell phones, i-pods, Blue Tooth devices etc., while in attendance of any laboratory class is prohibited except when calling in an emergency. All cell phones should be placed in the silent or vibration mode when in any teaching lab to decrease class disruptions. A call notifying of a family or medical emergency may be received. Calmly notify your instructor and leave the room to continue the call.

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When making an emergency call the call receiver will need to know:

1. Your name and location (building, room #, building address)2. Nature of emergency (type & severity of injuries)

3. Suspect description and direction of travel (if applicable)

See the current University Incident Action Plan for employees and students “Calling –In an Emergency” at:

http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Incident%20Action%20Plans/ClssrmPstrGeneric.pdf

18. In the event of an earthquake remain calm, get under a bench or stand against an inside wall. Do not stand in a doorway or against windows. When the shaking stops, check for personal injuries and ask others if they are injured. Then follow your instructor’s verbal orders regarding any building evacuation.

During a building evacuation, if time and safety permits, shut off all electrical devices and stop any chemical procedures. Gather personal belongings then calmly proceed to exit the building via the nearest and safest exit. Do not use the elevators. Once outside, stay at least 50 to 100 feet from any buildings. Do not leave your class evacuation assembly point until your instructor has personally accounted for everyone in your class.

See the current University Incident Action Plan for employees and students “Building Evacuation” at:

(URL to be set up in the near future)

7.2 General Research Laboratory SOPs

1. Laboratory facilities will be used only by individuals who have the proper documented qualifications and training.

2. Emergency eyewash and shower stations are to remain free and clear of all obstructions so as not to prevent their use when the need arises.

3. Exit doors will be clearly marked and show the appropriate escape route to be used in the event of an emergency, natural disaster, or an ordered building evacuation.

4. Exit doors and isles between lab benches shall remain clear of all obstructions to permit an orderly escape in the event of an emergency, natural disaster, or an ordered building evacuation.

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5. All injuries or accidents shall be reported to the appropriate staff and EHS / RMS immediately. Accident forms must be filled out and sent to EHS / RMS within 48 hours.

6. The dissemination of all relevant / pertinent safety data, chemical hazard warnings, and waste disposal procedures for all research shall be an integral part of every lab-specific SOP. Information should be updated as required or needed.

7. Chemical exposure should be minimized by using all current methods of PPE available. Since most chemicals used in laboratories present various types of hazards, users should follow all generally recommended precautions and specific guidelines as outlined in the appropriate MSDS or current referenced protocols. Employees and students are cautioned against the underestimation of the risks associated with the use of any chemical.

8. The consumption of food or drinks in any lab where the use of hazardous chemicals takes place is prohibited.

9. Sink or drain disposal of laboratory chemicals, lab solutions or any lab waste shall not occur until it has been determined that the chemical, solution or waste is classified as non–hazardous under all current applicable EPA, CDC, NIH, DEC, and MOA regulations and policies.

10. Small spills of any kind should be cleaned up immediately. Lab support personnel should be notified immediately in case of large spills.

11. All medical and infectious biological waste shall be autoclaved (sterilized) as necessary to remove any health hazards for non-laboratory personnel before discarding as normal trash.

Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #14 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

12. Any employee (or student?) that suffers a needle stick or sharps injury when using a blood borne pathogen or potential blood borne pathogen must report this to their supervisor immediately. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #14 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

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13. Laboratories should be kept in clean and orderly condition. Equipment and supplies stored in the laboratory should be neatly organized and not pose any tripping or falling object hazards and not violate current fire codes. The accumulation of trash (packaging materials) is to be avoided due to fire hazards.

14. Individuals who pose a danger to themselves or others by being under the influence of any drug, inhibiting medication or who become violent or threatening will be removed from any laboratory by UAA Police. See the current University Incident Action Plan for employees and students “Disorderly or Disturbed Person” at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Incident%20Action%20Plans/IAPforEmployees-Disorderly.pdf

15. In the advent of a visible fire or the sound of a building fire alarm remain calm and follow your PI or supervisor’s directions for evacuating the building. See the current University Incident Action Plan for employees and students “Fire Alarm- Academic Building” at:http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Incident%20Action%20Plans/IAPforEmployees-Alarm.pdf

16. When making an emergency call the call receiver will need to know:

1. Your name and location (building, room #, building address)

2. Nature of emergency (type & severity of injuries)

3. Suspect description and direction of travel (if applicable)

See the current University Incident Action Plan for employees and students “Calling – In an Emergency” at:

http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/Incident%20Action%20Plans/ClssrmPstrGeneric.pdf

17. In the event of an earthquake remain calm, get under a bench or stand against an inside wall. Do not stand in a doorway or against windows. When the shaking stops, check for personal injuries and ask others if they are injured. Then follow your PI’s / supervisor’s verbal orders regarding any building evacuation.

During a building evacuation, if time and safety permits, shut off all electrical devices and stop any chemical procedures. Gather personal belongings then calmly proceed to exit the building via the nearest and safest exit. Do not use the elevators. Once outside, stay at least 50 to 100 feet from any buildings. Do not leave your class evacuation assembly point until your PI or supervisor has personally accounted for everyone in your class.

See the current University Incident Action Plan for employees and students “Building Evacuation” at:

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(URL to be set up in the near future)

8. CHEMICAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT & MEDICAL EXAMS

The use of a SFA and strict adherence to general laboratory safety practices combined with the use of exposure controls is necessary to keep chemical exposures at safe levels. Exposure risks will increase when any of the chemicals outlined in sections 5.42 through 5.52 are used.

8.1 Personal Exposure Monitoring

Personal monitoring is conducted by EHS / RMS if there is a reason to believe an employee or student has been exposed to an OSHA regulated chemical above the action level or the permissible exposure level. Personal monitoring is also used to determine the employee’s or student’s exposure level when using any OSHA regulated chemical if this is deemed necessary as a safety precaution as in the case of formaldehyde. Exposure monitoring and remediation may be conducted by other support groups as coordinated with EHS / RMS. All expenses of exposure control and monitoring with the exception of medical consultations described in 8.3 below are the responsibility of the departments.

8.2 Frequency of Exposure Monitoring

The initiation, frequency and termination of personal exposure monitoring will be determined by EHS / RMS in accordance with the current regulations.

8.3 Medical Examinations and Records

The EHS /RMS department provides and required pre-exposure exams to individuals before working with any carcinogenic chemical and post-exposure medical exam at no cost to the departments or individuals. The results of any medical examinations will be provided within the time frame specified under current laws. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section statement #16 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

9. GENERAL CHEMICAL SOPs

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The standard and prudent practices outlined below must be followed to ensure the safety of employees and students, and minimize the risks associated with the usage, storage, and handling of chemicals. The use of specialty chemicals in the research laboratories will be addressed in the lab specific SOPs.

9.1 Chemical Procurement

1. Chemicals should be purchased in quantities that will be consumed in a six-month period or less.

2. Purchase of chemicals using a University Procard is prohibited except by individuals who receive special authorization from

EHS / RMS and Procurement Services.

3. Prior to purchasing any chemical, the current chemical inventory should be checked to see if the chemical is in stock.

4. All chemical orders should be placed through the appropriate personnel.

5. EHS / RMS must be consulted when ordering any chemicals in sections 5.41 through 5.52.

9.2 Chemical Inventories

1. All research and teaching labs that use or store chemicals will have a complete on-line chemical inventory.

2. Chemical inventories should be updated annually, and track chemicals from ‘cradle to grave.’

3. Annual completed chemical inventories are to be submitted to EHS / RMS for EPA, DHS, and local emergency response teams for regulatory compliance and reporting issues.

9.3 Chemical Storage and Labeling

1. Chemical storage is determined by chemical storage code, chemical class and chemical compatibility. A diagram showing the storage classification will be displayed in all chemical storage areas.

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2. Chemical storage facilities should be approved for the type of chemicals to be stored, such as flammable chemicals in flammable cabinets, corrosive chemicals in corrosive cabinets, etc.

3. When using or storing flammable liquids uniform / local building fire codes, OSHA, and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) guidelines will be followed.

4. The type and size of container used for holding various classes of flammable liquids will adhere to all applicable OSHA, and NFPA guidelines, except where hazards warrant smaller sizes.

5. Flammable chemicals that require refrigeration shall be stored in explosion-proof refrigerators, or a UL listed flammable liquids refrigerator. Household refrigerators shall not be used for the storage of flammable chemicals.

6. Secondary containment is to be used in addition to any other required storage facilities, such as 4-liter acid or base bottles and 4- liter flammable solvents, etc.

7. All chemicals should be stored in chemically compatible containers of an appropriate size depending on the chemical hazards of the chemical.

8. All chemicals shall be labeled with the appropriate hazards to minimize risks and inform the user of the risks and hazards.

9. When a chemical is transferred to a secondary container it must be labeled with all of the pertinent safety / hazard data from the original container.

10. When transferring large bottles (1 liter through 4 liters) of hazardous liquids between labs, secondary containment vessels shall be used (i.e. a rubber boot.)

11. Chemical waste will be stored separately from other stored chemicals.

9.4 Controlled Substances / p-Listed chemicals

1. Controlled substances must be stored in a secondary secured lock box within a limited access controlled area with a sign

indicating ‘controlled substance’ storage. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS /

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RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #31 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

2. All p-listed chemicals are to be stored in a secondary secured lock box within a limited access area and labeled ‘p-listed chemical’ storage.

9.5 Shipment of Chemicals

1. All regulated or hazardous chemicals must be shipped according to current Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations using an

outside vendor.

2. The use of an outside vendor is required for the shipping of non- regulated or non-hazardous chemicals to ensure proper packaging and limited liability in case of an exposure.

3. For chemicals or newly synthesized compounds for which hazards are unknown, the compounds should be assumed to be hazardous and shipment should be done by an outside vendor. Non-regulated chemicals should also be shipped by an outside vendor because of liability issues.

10. Hazardous Waste Disposal

Excellence in research and education is of primary importance at UAA. To achieve these goals, the EHS / RMS department provides for the disposal of hazardous chemicals and certain hazardous biological wastes, while assuring the university’s compliance with all EPA, DEC, Department of Transportation (DOT), and MOA regulations under a cradle to grave process. Departments and researchers must abide by the guidelines set forth in this document and comply with all regulatory requirements for waste generated. Hazardous waste falls into three categories: biochemical, chemical and radioactive. All hazardous waste generated by any laboratory will be disposed of in a safe, efficient and sound ecological manner through EHS / RMS. The University of Alaska is currently classified as a Conditional Exempt Small Quantity Generator (CESQG) by the EPA.

Requirements for CESQG under the EPA and 40 CFR 261.5 is shown below:

1. CESQG must identify all hazardous waste generated.

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2. CESQG generate 100 kg or less of hazardous waste per month.

3. CESQG generate 1 kg or less of acutely hazardous waste per month.

4. CESQG may not accumulate more than 1000 kg of hazardous waste at any time.

5. CESQG ensures that all hazardous waste is delivered to a person or facility authorized to manage it.

10.1 Hazardous Biological Waste

Current hazardous biological waste fall into the following categories listed below:

1. Laboratory waste and regulated waste as defined in the “Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules” NIH and the CDC / NIH “Guidelines on Bio-safety in Microbiological and Bio-medical Laboratories.”

2. Medical waste is defined as any solid waste which is generated in the diagnosis, treatment (provision of medical services), or immunization of human beings or animals and in all research involving the testing of biological agents including blood borne pathogens. Current University policy for blood borne pathogens is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #17 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

3. Pathological waste is defined as the use or study of animals or their carcasses.

10.2 Hazardous Chemical Waste

Hazardous chemical waste includes discarded commercial chemical products, and waste generated by all chemical processes used in any laboratory. Any chemical or chemical mixture listed by the EPA is a hazardous waste. A chemical or chemical mixture that is not listed by the EPA, but has any one or more of the following hazardous characteristics is considered hazardous waste: ignitable, corrosive, reactive or toxic.

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1. Sink disposal of chemicals should be used only for those chemicals, solutions, and water soluble mixtures that have been determined to be non-hazardous to the environment.

2. Disposal of insoluble chemicals, mixtures, or other types of solids may be disposed of as normal trash after they have been determined to be non-hazardous to the environment. These items are to be double bagged to prevent spillage when handled by cleaning personnel.

3. Any chemical that is unsuited for use or becomes out dated will be disposed of as chemical waste through EHS / RMS.

4. Release of di minimis (minimal) quantities of hazardous materials from the rinsing or washing of glassware is allowed. However, the dilution of larger volumes in an attempt to use the above statement for disposal is illegal.

5. All chemicals not declared hazardous waste by the EPA, but their MSDS information indicates ‘harmful to aquatic environment,’ may have DEC and MOA regulations regarding their disposal and should be considered hazardous.

6. Hazardous waste generation is to be minimized through the use of ‘green’ chemistry, and through the use of modern protocols and technology-aided techniques.

10.3 Hazardous Radioactive Waste

The Radiation Safety Committee and RSO are responsible for complying with the NRC regulations for disposal of all radioactive wastes.

11. SAFETY TRAINING AND INFORMATION

The adoption of a SFA requires employee training to be ongoing throughout the employee’s career. The objective of the training is to inform all employees or students of the associated physical and chemical hazards they may encounter when working with hazardous chemicals, performing hazardous procedures or using hazardous equipment. This training is also necessary for those non-laboratory individuals who upon entering any teaching or research lab might be exposed to a hazardous chemical or an ongoing hazardous procedure.

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All employees are required to attend college level and department-level safety training presentations annually. The two types of training required are general training and specific training.

11.1 General (Teaching & Research) Employee Training

1. The training of an employee should take place immediately upon hire, annually, and prior to the teaching of any laboratory class or starting a research project. Training must occur for any current employee initiating a new laboratory procedure, a new exposure situation or operating new or unfamiliar laboratory equipment.

2. All safety training for each employee shall be documented and the documents held for 30 years after employment ends.

3. Employee training should cover the university CHP, departmental CHP, lab specific SOPs, and university emergency procedures as applicable based on individual work assignments.

4. Any employee that teaches a lab should be trained / informed of the associated physical health risks and chemical hazards for each

experiment in the course they are instructing.

5. Lab instructors should be trained / informed about the proper use of specialized laboratory equipment that will be used during the lab course to ensure the safe operation of lab equipment and minimize damage.

6. Training will be done annually and at the discretion of the EHS / RMS and is dependent on regulation changes, updated information, occurrence of accidents, and the legal requirements of the lab.

11.2 Specific (Teaching & Research) Employee Training

1. Faculty lab instructors, lab coordinators, and research PIs are responsible for addressing or reviewing the chemical hazards specific to the employees teaching or work assignment.

2. Faculty lab instructors, lab coordinators, and research PIs are responsible for addressing or reviewing all relevant lab specific SOPs to the employees teaching or work assignment.

3. Faculty lab instructors, lab coordinators, and research PIs are responsible for addressing or reviewing the building safety

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procedures or information specific to the employee’s teaching or work assignment.

4. Faculty lab instructors or lab coordinators and research PIs are responsible for addressing or reviewing the equipment operational hazards specific to the employee’s teaching or work assignment.

11.3 Information (Teaching & Research) Employees

1. Employees shall be informed and shown the location of the UAA CHP, any departmental CHP, and lab specific SOP.

2. Employees shall be informed and shown the location of reference materials on the hazards, storage, and handling of chemicals as related to their work assignments.

3. Employees shall be shown the location of personnel protective equipment and trained in the selection of appropriate PPE as given in the UAA and departmental CHPs or lab specific

SOPs as related to their work assignments.

4. Employees shall be shown the location of and trained on the reading, interpretation and understanding of material safety data sheets (MSDS) as related to their work assignments.

5. Employees shall be informed of the permissible exposure limits for all OSHA regulated substances that they may use or come in contact with prior to initiating work. For those hazardous substances not regulated by OSHA, employees will be informed of the recommended exposure limits.

6. Employees shall be informed of the signs and symptoms associated with an exposure to a hazardous chemical as related to their work assignments.

12. Working Autonomously

Working autonomously is defined as a student or employee who writes / proposes an independent research project that is funded by the university through an award, or from some outside funding agency or by the writer / proposer. All research projects of this type are to have a review by an

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appropriate PI based on the area of research and a review by EHS / RMS and the appropriate Faculty or Student Review Committee. The reviewing PI and the independent researcher are responsible for ensuring the following:

12.1 Working Autonomously

1. The independent researcher has a written document covering the scope of their proposed work.

2. The independent researcher must notify in writing the PI and EHS / RMS when changing the written scope of their work.

3. The independent researcher prepares SOPs and performs literature searches relevant to safety and health hazards appropriate for their proposed work.

4. The PI provides the appropriate oversight, training and safety information to ensure the individuals safety and the safety of all others in the lab in which the project is going to be completed.

5. For safety and security reasons, undergraduates working with hazardous operations must receive special authorization from department heads, deans, and directors along with EHS / RMS authorization. The same authorization chain must be followed for undergraduates to receive key or code access to labs and buildings off-hours.

13. Working Unsupervised

Working unsupervised is defined as any student or employee working alone after normal building hours or on weekends (no other persons are present or directly available to respond in an emergency situation) when in any laboratory using hazardous chemicals or hazardous equipment. This situation requires a complete risk / hazard liability assessment by the PI and EHS / RMS covering the training of the student or employee in relationship to the work to be performed.

13.1 Working Unsupervised

1. All unsupervised individuals must be trained to ensure the work to be performed is done safely.

2. At least two people should be working in separate laboratories in the same building and perform a periodic visual check to assure personal safety.

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3. Prior to leaving, the individuals should inform each other and all work should stop. No one person should perform hazardous work alone.

4. Work using acutely hazardous or acutely toxic substances should not be performed by people working alone.

14. Equipment Operation

The operation of all laboratory equipment should follow all recommended safety precautions prescribed by the manufacturer as well as any additional safety precautions warranted by the use of standard and prudent practices outlined in any lab-specific SOP. Equipment examples include: gas chromatographs, centrifuges, NMRs, UV spectrophotometers, ICP instruments, ASE instruments, hplc instruments, mass spectrophotometers, gas generators, vacuum pumps, roto-evaporators, shakers, freezers, refrigerators etc.

Individuals should be aware of the hazards the equipment may pose including high voltage (electrical), high pressure, fluid hazards and mechanical part hazards.

Equipment that may fall under OSHA authority due to required safety devices such as belt guards must comply with these regulations as well.

15. Emergency Situations and Evacuations

Emergency situations can occur from natural disasters such as earthquake, volcanic eruptions, and severe storms, or manmade events such as accidental, biological, chemical, radiological spills, terrorist attack, medical emergency, etc. All situations will be assessed with regard to the level of threat to individual life or health.

Any employee who is injured as a result of actions occurring during a curse and scope of their employment and the injury requires treatment by a professional health care provider (short of first aid), must complete a report of occupational injury and illness form (workers compensation) and submit it to the System Office of Risk Services through their own departments administrative assistant. The Employee has the right to choose their own health care provider except in cases involving chemical exposure evaluations which must be done through the Universities contract Physician with EHS / RMS written approval.

Students on the other hand, are responsible for their own insurance needs. If qualifying, students should be directed to the student health clinic for relatively

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minor injuries. Keep in mind that students who are currently employed by the University and are injured during the course and scope of employment are covered by workers compensation.

15.1 Non-life threatening accidents

15.11 Non-chemical Burns

1. Depending on the severity of burn, escort the individual to the student Health Center for evaluation.

2. Fill out an accident report.

15.12 Cuts

1. Use appropriate bandages from the first aid kit.

2. Depending on the severity of the cut, or if the possibility of imbedded glass or foreign materials exists escort the injured person to Student Health Center for evaluation.

3. Fill out an accident report.

15.13 Chemical Burns Eyes

1. Immediately rinse eyes with copious amounts of water (for at least 15 minutes) at the eye wash station. Assist the person in holding their eyes open if needed.

2. Immediately call 6-4911, campus police.

3. Fill out an accident report.

15.14 Chemical Burns Skin < 10 % area

1. Immediately rinse the affected area with copious amounts of water (for at least 15 minutes) at the safety shower / eye wash station.

2. Escort the student to Student Health Center for evaluation.

3. Fill out an accident report.

15.15 Chemical Burns Skin >10 % area

Simultaneously perform the following functions using volunteers of the same gender as the injured party:

1. Immediately escort the affected student to the safety shower / eye wash station. Inform the injured person of the possibility that they must remove their clothing for

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appropriate treatment. Ensure the injured person is rinsed with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.

2. All other students should be instructed to leave the laboratory. One student should call 6-4911, campus police.

3. One same-gender volunteer should shut down all equipment (hot plates etc.), and experiments and then leave the room.

4. Provide bath towels and a robe for the injured person and wait for emergency personnel to arrive while encouraging the victim to remain calm.

5. Fill out an accident report.

15.2 All life threatening accidents involving employees or students including any major cut, uncontrolled bleeding, epileptic seizures, and fainting with possible head injury, etc., requires an immediate call to 6-4911 campus police.

15.3 Small Chemical Spills (< 4 L non-flammable)

Most chemical spills in the teaching labs can be handled by the instructor and appropriate personnel using the spill kits in each lab. Consult an MSDS if necessary. Know the spill and first aid procedures prior to commencing work with hazardous chemicals and procedures.

1. Determine the type of chemical spill and use appropriate items from a chemical spill kit.

2. Clean up the spill and hand over materials to the appropriate personnel for disposal.

15.4 Large Chemical Spills (> 4 L flammable, corrosive)

It may be necessary to evacuate the area depending on the class of the flammable liquid and other chemical hazards. Notify the appropriate personnel of the spill. Appropriate personnel will follow the steps below to contain and clean up the spill. Consult an MSDS if necessary.

1. Dike (surround) the spill with absorbent pigs. Then determine the flammable class of the spilled chemical and other chemical hazards. Open windows if possible. Do not throw any electrical switches as these may spark providing an ignition source for the vapors.

2. Clean up the spill and deliver materials to EHS / RMS for disposal.

15.5 Natural Disasters or Emergency Building Evacuation

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In the event of an emergency evacuation for any reason, employees should activate the building fire alarm system and contact UPD at 6-4911.

In the advent of an injury, first aid to an employee is covered under the Current University policy outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #6 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

During any natural disaster situation or emergency / accident, EHS / RMS will determine that any building or any portion thereof is not safe for occupancy. The evacuation will be coordinated by EHS / RMS. Current University policy is outlined in the Administrative Services Manual, EHS / RMS, policies and procedures section, statement #5 at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/TOCPolicies.htm

Additional emergency information can be found at: http://ehsrms.uaa.alaska.edu/UAA%20Emergency%20Procedures%20Poster.pdf

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References

1. Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 29 CFR Part 1910.1450, Federal Register, Washington, DC, January 31, 1990 ‘Laboratory Standard.’

2. Prudent Practices in the Laboratory, Handling and Disposal of Chemicals, Natural Research Council, National Academy Press: Washington, DC, 1995.

3. Safety in Academic Chemistry Laboratories, 6th ed. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1995.

4. Handbook of Chemical Safety, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2001.

5. Standard University CHP

6. Michigan State University Waste Disposal Guide

7. UAA EHS / RMS Policies and Procedures

8. Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 1996 NFPA 30.

9. Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 1996 NFPA 45.

10. University of Vermont CHP

11. University of Pennsylvania CHP

12. UAA Biological Department CHP

13. University of Vermont CHP

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