© VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is...
Transcript of © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is...
![Page 1: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
![Page 2: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET – Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies – programme by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology (BMVIT), the Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (BMWFW), the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG), the province of Styria and the Styrian Business Promotion Agency (SFG). The COMET programme is administrated by FFG.
INITIATION OF THERMAL RUNAWAY WITH DIFFERENT HEATING DEVICES
Andrej GolubkovVIRTUAL VEHICLE Research CenterArial, 18
![Page 3: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Motivation
Experimental
Simulation
![Page 4: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Motivation
Experimental
Simulation
![Page 5: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
How to start TR of the initial cell for propagation certification, my opinion
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 5
![Page 6: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
How to start TR of the initial cell for propagation certification, my opinion
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 6
![Page 7: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Motivation
Experimental
Simulation
![Page 8: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Laboratory for thermal runaway experiments with large Li-ion cells
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 8
Reactor for
• cells up to 500 Wh• 30 Thermocouples• Feedthroughs for 400 A• Volume 120 l
![Page 9: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Ventgas analysis
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 9
FTIR: Bruker Matrix MG01
For all ventgas-components (incl. HF) except H2
GC: Agilent microGC 3000
For CO2, CO, CH4, Hydrocarbons, H2
![Page 10: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Sample holder
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 10
![Page 11: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Space for the sample holder
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 11
245
Space for sample set-up
![Page 12: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Sample holder for pouch cells
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 12
Springs to simulate mechanical force inside a module.
![Page 13: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Tested cell before and after TR experiment
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 13
![Page 14: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Test results: cell temperatures
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 14
Heating from both sides Heating from one side Heating with heater cardrige
![Page 15: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Test results: cell temperatures, detail
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 15
Heating from both sides Heating from one side Heating with heater cardrige
5 sec10 sec
30 sec
![Page 16: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Test results: gas pressure
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 16
Heating from both sides Heating from one side Heating with heater cardrige
4 sec 7 sec23 sec
![Page 17: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Open the cell (inside fumehood!)
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 17
![Page 18: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Put 3 thermocouples into the middle of the electrode stack
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 18
![Page 19: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
TR temperatures, including internal thermocouples
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 19
![Page 20: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
TR temperatures, including internal thermocouples
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 20
center
outerNeed to measure internal temperature to create a TR model
![Page 21: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Why no put heater elements into cell?
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 21
• Heater wire put into jelly roll.• Tried to trigger TR by heating, wire fails before TR• Opened cell again, inserted new heater wire• Triggering TR with heater wire fails again• Instead triggering TR by sample holder heating• TR at already 100°C. Probably because of internal short.
![Page 22: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
TR of the damaged cell, already at 100°C
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 22
Direct transition to TR
![Page 23: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
External heating and possible internal short
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 23
Abrupt increase of temperatureDiscontinual curvatureTransition at 110°C
Even increase of temperatureContinual curvatureTransition at 200°C
Normal TR Probably internal short at 110°C of a damaged cell
![Page 24: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Next
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 24
Inser better heating wire devices into pouch cell.
Try other small heater devices, which could also fit into a battery moduleE.g: small silicon nitride ceramic heater, available in different sizes. Down to 3 x 7 mm
![Page 25: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Motivation
Experimental
Simulation
![Page 26: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Use LT-spice for thermal network simulation
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 26
![Page 27: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Thermal network for a 3p2s module
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 27
![Page 28: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Examples of simulation results
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 28
No propagation
smaller spacer thickness
Propagation occurs
![Page 29: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Testing Openmodellica
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 29
![Page 30: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Testing Openmodellica
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 30
No spacer between cells Spacer: 1mm mica sheet
![Page 31: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
What influences if TR-propagation takes place
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 31
• TR characteristics of the cell
• Starting temperature of the module
• What is initial cell (oustide vs. centre)
• Heat conduction between adjacent cells
• Other heat-capacities (mechanical structure, cooling liquid)
• Cooling power
![Page 32: © VIRTUAL VEHICLE - European Commission · 2018. 4. 6. · VIRTUAL VEHICLE Research Center is funded within the COMET –Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies –programmeby](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022071217/604d2ccbd859d93e5a392ab8/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
© VIRTUAL VEHICLE
Proposed next steps
08.03.2018 / Golubkov Initiation of thermal runaway propagation 32
Exchange LT-spice for Openmodellica (or Dymola)
Make Library for thermal elements
• Heat conductor, PCM, heat pipe,..
• Make individual cell models of TR from experiment (e.g. use internal
thermocouples)
• Measure heat conductivity and heat capacity of a failed cell
Industry can use this tools to find solutions for prevention of TR propagation.