Understand basic firefighting concepts:

About Fire R.A.C.E P.A.S.S Know what to do if you find a fire Be able to correctly and safely

select and use a fire extinguisher

Fire is the rapid combination of oxygen with fuel in the presence of heat, typically characterized by flame, a body of incandescent gas that contains and sustains the reaction and emits light and heat.

Ex:

The process of combustion of flammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke.

Three components Need all three components

(Heat, Fuel and Oxygen) to start a fire

Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components

Three components Need all three components

(Heat, Fuel and Oxygen) to start a fire

Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components

Ignition- This is First stage, when material starts to burn.

Smoke- This is second stages, when Visible by products are released.

Flame- This is third stage, glowing heated and gaseous stage of Fire.

Fire is First!

There is only little time. Fire is Hot!

Heat is more threatening than flames. Fire is Dark!

Fire isn’t bright, its pitch black Fire is Deadly!

Smoke and toxic gases kill more people than flames do.

ConductionThis type of heat transfer occurs

inside solid material. The heat from the fire will travel along the length of material.

Convection This type of heat transfer occurs only in liquids & gases. Here fire produces hot air and spread it to everywhere.

There are four types of Fire.

1) Class “A” - Ordinary Combustibles

2) Class “B” - Flammable Liquids

3) Class “C” - Electrical

4) Class “D” – Combustibles Metals

Trash

Wood

Cloth

Paper

Rubber

Plastics

Gasoline Oil

Grease Tar

Oil-based point Lacquer

Flammable gases

Energized

Electrical

Equipment

Magnesium Sodium

Potassium Titanium

Zirconium Other

Flammable Metals

Class “A” fire only.

2.5 gal. Water- approximately 1 minute

discharge time

Range 30-40 feet

Class “A”,“B” or “C” fires

2.5 -20 lb. dry chemical 8-25 seconds discharge time

Range 5-20 ft.

Class “D” combustible metal fires only.

30 lb pressurized dry powder optimized for specific combustible metal

Range 6-8 ft.

To activate, must first open nitrogen cylinder on back to pressurize body

EXTINGUISHER TYPE WORKERS BY EFFECTIVE

AGAINSTPRESSURIZED WATER COOLING Picture

CARBON DI OXIDE SMOTHERING Picture

MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL

SMOTHERING Picture

COMBUSTIBLE METAL SMOTHERING Picture

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Rescue

Alarm

Contain

Extinguish

R

A

C

E

FIREEXTINGUISHER

Ensure area is evacuated

Always sound the alarm regardless of fire

size

Know location of Extinguishers in your area

and how to use them

Know department emergency procedures

and evacuation routes

To keep an exit to your back

When the fire extinguisher is empty- Get Out

When you leave the building, do not go back in.

Fire has spread beyond its point of

origin

Your escape Path is threatened

The area is smoke filled

Your instincts tell you get out

P Pull the pin

A

S

S

Aim low at the base of flames

Squeeze the handle

Sweep side to side

Pull The Pin

This will allow you to squeeze the handle in order to discharge the

extinguisher.

Aim At Aim At The Base Of The Fire

Aiming at the middle will do no good. The agent will pass through the flames.

Squeeze the handle

This will release the pressurized

extinguisher agent.

Sweep side to side

Cover the entire area that is on fire.

Continue until fire is extinguished. Keep an eye on the area for re-

lighting.

•About Fire•Fire triangle (Combustion Process)•Class A,B,C,D fires•Types of portable fire extinguishers•Basic firefighting concepts:•R.A.C.E.•P.A.S.S.•Before you fight the fire•Criteria for fighting the fire•When not to fight a fire