* *Treatments and Rates · 2014-11-05 · a ab a abc abc abc c bc Means followed by same letter do...
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James M. Breuninger, Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN, Harold F. Howard, TurfScience, Inc., Phoenix, AZ, Vanelle F. Peterson, Dow AgroSciences, Ft. Collins, CO and Vince J. Aguiar, Dow AgroSciences, Tempe, AZ Use of Sapphire® Specialty Herbicide As Transition Aid for Perennial Ryegrass Removal in Arizona Abstract Turf managers in Arizona and the desert Southwest frequently use herbicides to assist in the spring transition of golf fairways from fall overseeded perennial ryegrass (LOLPE) back to a bermudagrass (CYNDA) turf for the summer. During this transition period a high quality playing surface with good color is desired for aesthetics and playability. Penoxsulam was compared to commercial standards for this use in small–plot research in 2012 and on fairways (larger areas) in 2013 under a state experimental use permit (EUP). In the 2012 research trials, penoxsulam was applied as Sapphire® in May at rates from 2-24 fl oz/A (5.5-66 g ai/ha) to assess impact on both perennial ryegrass and bermudagrass. Sapphire at 24 fl oz/A was the most effective application rate to remove perennial ryegrass with minimal impact on the bermudagrass at both application timings. In 2012, the May application resulted in a transition of the turf stand within 36 days from 100% perennial ryegrass green tissue to a stand of 80% bermudagrass and 20% perennial ryegrass resulting in a 15% increase in turf quality versus the commercial standard within 36 days. Sapphire at 24 fl oz/A was not observed to inhibit regrowth of bermudagrass when applied at 24 fl oz/A. The bermudagrass populations in Sapphire-treated turf increased without a degradation of turf quality during the transition process. The 2013 EUP trials on 3 golf courses treated with penoxsulam in Arizona and nearby states confirmed the performance of Sapphire in a larger areas with a smooth transition from overseeded ryegrass to bermudagrass without a loss in turf quality. Dimension EW @ 0.125 lb ai/A Untreated Control ™®Trademark of the Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow. Background • While penoxsulam was under development for turf uses, perennial ryegrass showed sensitivity to rates of penoxsulam higher than 0.02 lb ai/A (equivalent to Sapphire herbicide at 8 fl oz/A). • This led to the Sapphire® herbicide label statement about the potential injury to perennial ryegrass - “Do not apply more than 0.5 pint of Sapphire (0.02 lb ai penoxsulam) per acre per application to perennial ryegrass and tall fescue and only if some injury can be tolerated.” • Due to the sensitivity of perennial ryegrass to sprayed applications of Sapphire, research was conducted to see if Sapphire could be used as a transition aid for overseeded bermudagrass in the spring. Key Questions • What rate of Sapphire provides the fastest and smoothest transition from overseeded perennial ryegrass to bermudagrass similar to or better than the competitive standards? • Does Sapphire remove overseeded perennial ryegrass in a smooth transition back to bermudagrass without a major lost of turf quality on the fairways? 2012 Sites and Information • Arizona Locations and Application Information - Golf Club of Scottsdale: May 9 - Wildfire Golf Club in Phoenix: May 11 • Application Information: - 50 Gallons per Acre were applied - No Adjuvants were used - Treatments included Sapphire® herbicide, Kerb® herbicide and Revolver • Assessments made on turf quality, color, and cover by grass species 27 Days After Application 5 = Sapphire at 24 fl oz 6 and 7 = Kerb at 3 and 5 pt/A 8 = Revolver at 17 fl oz EUP Participants • 13 Golf courses – 9 in AZ, 2 NV, 1 CA, 1 TX - Arizona Country Club - Boulder Creek - Butterfield Trail - Desert Mountain - Dove Mountain - Encanterra - The Golf Club of Scottsdale - The Gallery - Grayhawk - Mirabel - PGA West Nicklaus Private - Shadow Creek - Wildfire Application at Arizona County Club • Hole number 16 fairway comprised of bermudagrass fall overseeded with ryegrass • Treated with Sapphire at 24 fl oz/A on May 2 with an untreated check plot created by placing a wooden plywood plank on the grass just prior to application. Untreated Buffer Sapphire applied 5-2-13 23 DAA Sapphire Applied 5-15-13 10 DAA Photo 5-25-13 Sapphire® herbicide Progression Plank edge 14DAA Plank edge 7DAA Plank 7DAA Plank 14DAA AZ CC # 16 Fairway May 2,2013 Application Plank 23DAA Plank 36DAA Plank 42DAA Plank 54 DAA Plank 67 DAA Plank 36DAA Conclusion and Outcome • Sapphire® herbicide was found to be highly effective for suppression of perennial ryegrass in overseeded bermudagrass turf in Arizona and other southwestern locations when applied in small plot testing and in larger areas under an EUP in 2013. • In small plot testing, the bermudagrass populations in Sapphire-treated turf increased with significantly less reduction of turf quality during the transition process when compared with the overseeded turf treated with Kerb® herbicide and Revolver. • Based on this research, Dow AgroSciences received a FIFRA 2 (ee) recommendation for suppression of perennial ryegrass in overseeded bermudagrass turf in early 2014 for Arizona, California, Nevada and New Mexico followed by a supplemental label approved by US EPA in July, 2014 for Sapphire use in 8 US states. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sapphire @ 2 oz May Sapphire @ 4 oz May Sapphire @ 8 oz May Sapphire @ 16 oz May Sapphire @ 24 oz May Kerb @ 3 pt May Kerb @ 5 pt May Revolver @17 oz May 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 + + + + + 7.9 7.8 8.1 7.3 6.8 2.8 2.3 2.4 Mean v alues below box, number of obs. abov e box Treatments and Rates Turf Color/Quality (0-10 scale) VFP1229, VFP1230 Sapphire effects in spring transition of overseeded perennial ryegrass bayer=GGGGG, daa=27 27 Days after Application Golf Club of Scottsdale and Wildfire Country Club in AZ a a abc ab abc abc c bc Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Tukeys HSD Test * * * * 0 20 40 60 80 100 Sapphire @ 2 oz May Sapphire @ 4 oz May Sapphire @ 16 oz May Sapphire @ 24 oz May Kerb @ 3 pt May Kerb @ 5 pt May Revolver @17 oz May 11 16 14 15 15 16 16 + + + + + + 35.5 38.4 42.1 63.7 51.3 50.3 58.6 Mean v alues below box, number of obs. abov e box Treatments and Rates % COVER VFP1229, VFP1230 Sapphire effects in spring transition of overseeded perennial ryegrass bayer=CYNDA Impact of Herbicides on Bermudagrass Cover at 27 DAA across both sites Golf Club of Scottsdale and Wildfire Country Club in AZ * * * * * * * * 0 20 40 60 80 100 Sapphire @ 2 oz May Sapphire @ 4 oz May Sapphire @ 16 oz May Sapphire @ 24 oz May Kerb @ 3 pt May Kerb @ 5 pt May Revolver @17 oz May 11 16 14 15 15 16 16 + + + + + + + 60 58.8 50 30 16.7 7.2 9.3 Mean v alues below box, number of obs. abov e box Treatments and Rates % COVER VFP1229, VFP1230 Sapphire effects in spring transition of overseeded perennial ryegrass bayer=LOLPE a a a ab bc c c Impact of Herbicides on Perennial Ryegrass Cover at 27 DAA across both sites Golf Club of Scottsdale and Wildfire Country Club in AZ Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Tukeys HSD Test Sapphire and Revolver Effects on Perennial Ryegrass and Bermudagrass Cover - May Wildfire Golf Club 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 21 DAA 27 DAA 36 DAA 21 DAA 27 DAA 36 DAA bermudagrass p ryegrass % Cover Sapphire 24 oz/A Revolver 17 oz/A Plank edge 14DAA Plank edge 7DAA Plank 7DAA Plank 14DAA AZ CC # 16 Fairway May 2, 2013 Application Plank 23DAA Plank 36DAA Injured rye plant 23DAA # 16 fairway Note dead leaves & tip injury May 30 May 2 May 15 #16 Fairway AZ Country Club X Plank Spray Application Products and Rates
Transcript of * *Treatments and Rates · 2014-11-05 · a ab a abc abc abc c bc Means followed by same letter do...
James M. Breuninger, Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN, Harold F. Howard, TurfScience, Inc., Phoenix, AZ, Vanelle F.
Peterson, Dow AgroSciences, Ft. Collins, CO and Vince J. Aguiar, Dow AgroSciences, Tempe, AZ
Use of Sapphire® Specialty Herbicide As Transition Aid for Perennial Ryegrass Removal in Arizona
Abstract
Turf managers in Arizona and the desert Southwest frequently use
herbicides to assist in the spring transition of golf fairways from fall overseeded
perennial ryegrass (LOLPE) back to a bermudagrass (CYNDA) turf for the
summer. During this transition period a high quality playing surface with good
color is desired for aesthetics and playability. Penoxsulam was compared to
commercial standards for this use in small–plot research in 2012 and on
fairways (larger areas) in 2013 under a state experimental use permit (EUP).
In the 2012 research trials, penoxsulam was applied as Sapphire® in
May at rates from 2-24 fl oz/A (5.5-66 g ai/ha) to assess impact on both perennial
ryegrass and bermudagrass. Sapphire at 24 fl oz/A was the most effective
application rate to remove perennial ryegrass with minimal impact on the
bermudagrass at both application timings. In 2012, the May application resulted
in a transition of the turf stand within 36 days from 100% perennial ryegrass green
tissue to a stand of 80% bermudagrass and 20% perennial ryegrass resulting in a
15% increase in turf quality versus the commercial standard within 36
days. Sapphire at 24 fl oz/A was not observed to inhibit regrowth of
bermudagrass when applied at 24 fl oz/A. The bermudagrass populations in
Sapphire-treated turf increased without a degradation of turf quality during the
transition process.
The 2013 EUP trials on 3 golf courses treated with penoxsulam in
Arizona and nearby states confirmed the performance of Sapphire in a larger
areas with a smooth transition from overseeded ryegrass to bermudagrass
without a loss in turf quality.
Dimension EW @ 0.125 lb ai/A Untreated Control
™®Trademark of the Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow.
Background
• While penoxsulam was under development for turf uses, perennial ryegrass
showed sensitivity to rates of penoxsulam higher than 0.02 lb ai/A (equivalent
to Sapphire herbicide at 8 fl oz/A).
• This led to the Sapphire® herbicide label statement about the potential injury to
perennial ryegrass
- “Do not apply more than 0.5 pint of Sapphire (0.02 lb ai penoxsulam) per
acre per application to perennial ryegrass and tall fescue and only if some
injury can be tolerated.”
• Due to the sensitivity of perennial ryegrass to sprayed applications of
Sapphire, research was conducted to see if Sapphire could be used as a
transition aid for overseeded bermudagrass in the spring.
Key Questions
• What rate of Sapphire provides the fastest and smoothest transition from
overseeded perennial ryegrass to bermudagrass similar to or better than the
competitive standards?
• Does Sapphire remove overseeded perennial ryegrass in a smooth transition
back to bermudagrass without a major lost of turf quality on the fairways?
2012 Sites and Information
• Arizona Locations and Application Information
- Golf Club of Scottsdale: May 9
- Wildfire Golf Club in Phoenix: May 11
• Application Information:
- 50 Gallons per Acre were applied
- No Adjuvants were used
- Treatments included Sapphire® herbicide, Kerb® herbicide and Revolver
• Assessments made on turf quality, color, and cover by grass species
27 Days After Application5 = Sapphire at 24 fl oz
6 and 7 = Kerb at 3 and 5 pt/A8 = Revolver at 17 fl oz
EUP Participants
• 13 Golf courses – 9 in AZ, 2 NV, 1 CA, 1 TX
- Arizona Country Club
- Boulder Creek
- Butterfield Trail
- Desert Mountain
- Desert Highlands
- Dove Mountain
- Encanterra
- The Golf Club of Scottsdale
- The Gallery
- Grayhawk
- Mirabel
- PGA West Nicklaus Private
- Shadow Creek
- Wildfire
Application at Arizona County Club
• Hole number 16 fairway comprised of bermudagrass fall overseeded
with ryegrass
• Treated with Sapphire at 24 fl oz/A on May 2 with an untreated check
plot created by placing a wooden plywood plank on the grass just
prior to application.
UntreatedBufferSapphire applied 5-2-13
23 DAA
SapphireApplied5-15-1310 DAAPhoto 5-25-13
Sapphire® herbicide Progression
Plank edge 14DAA
Plank edge 7DAA
Plank 7DAA
Plank 14DAA
AZ CC # 16 Fairway May 2,2013 Application
Plank 23DAA
Plank 36DAA
Plank 42DAAPlank 54 DAA
Plank 67 DAAPlank 36DAA
Conclusion and Outcome
• Sapphire® herbicide was found to be highly effective for
suppression of perennial ryegrass in overseeded
bermudagrass turf in Arizona and other southwestern
locations when applied in small plot testing and in
larger areas under an EUP in 2013.
• In small plot testing, the bermudagrass populations
in Sapphire-treated turf increased with significantly less
reduction of turf quality during the transition process when
compared with the overseeded turf treated with Kerb®
herbicide and Revolver.
• Based on this research, Dow AgroSciences received a
FIFRA 2 (ee) recommendation for suppression of perennial
ryegrass in overseeded bermudagrass turf in early 2014 for
Arizona, California, Nevada and New Mexico followed by a
supplemental label approved by US EPA in July, 2014 for
Sapphire use in 8 US states.
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Sapph
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Mean v alues below box, number of obs. abov e box
Treatments and Rates
Turf
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VFP1229, VFP1230
Sapphire effects in spring transition of overseeded perennial ryegrass
bayer=GGGGG, daa=2727 Days after Application Golf Club of Scottsdale and Wildfire Country Club in AZ
a a abcababc
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Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Tukeys HSD Test
*
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Sapph
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Mean v alues below box, number of obs. abov e box
Treatments and Rates
% C
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VFP1229, VFP1230
Sapphire effects in spring transition of overseeded perennial ryegrass
bayer=CYNDAImpact of Herbicides on Bermudagrass Cover at 27 DAA across both sitesGolf Club of Scottsdale and Wildfire Country Club in AZ
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*
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Mean v alues below box, number of obs. abov e box
Treatments and Rates
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VFP1229, VFP1230
Sapphire effects in spring transition of overseeded perennial ryegrass
bayer=LOLPE
a aa
ab bc
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Impact of Herbicides on Perennial Ryegrass Cover at 27 DAA across both sites
Golf Club of Scottsdale and Wildfire Country Club in AZ
Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Tukeys HSD Test
Sapphire and Revolver Effects on Perennial Ryegrass and Bermudagrass Cover - May
Wildfire Golf Club
0
10
20
30
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50
60
70
80
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Sapphire 24 oz/A Revolver 17 oz/A
Plank edge 14DAA
Plank edge 7DAA
Plank 7DAA
Plank 14DAA
AZ CC # 16 Fairway May 2, 2013 Application
Plank 23DAA
Plank 36DAAInjured rye plant
23DAA # 16 fairwayNote dead leaves
& tip injury
May 30 May 2May 15
#16 Fairway AZ Country Club
X
Plank
Spray Application Products and Rates
