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Emblem: Sidama !Zlmi!r(;-afnrn~fumislm and Government Communication Affairs Division
Ref. No. 8/Z/C/T/D 1513 Date: 06/09/2013
To: Authority for Research and conservation of Cultural Heritage under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism Addis Ababa
Subject: Regarding sending to you the petition of the Sidama People for the inscription of Fichee Festival as International Intangible Heritage The Sidama People has its own cultural values and heritages which are identity of the people and, one of these is the Fichee Ceremony which is the ceremony of new year and has been practiced and handed down from generation to generation. The ceremony is celebrated for a period of not less than two weeks; and, it is celebrated at family and neighborhood level at first and, then, it is celebrated at a cultural square traditionally referred to as Gudumale) at community level. In general, the Fiche Chambalala ceremony is a New Year ceremony with the knowledge of indigenous and traditional calendar, having considerable cultural significance; and, an intangible heritage which reflects the major cultural aspects of the Sidama People. Moreover, the Fiche ceremony is the main intangible heritage of the Sidama people which upholds the values of mutual respect, peace, tolerance, amicability and human rights. Therefore, we hereby make known to you that we send to you the petition signed by the people for the inscription of this cultural event as international intangible heritage; and, that we have attached the petition signed by the people to this cover letter.
Seal: Sidama Zone Culture, Tourism and Government Communication Affairs Division
1
With regards, Signed
WorJ<:ineh Filate Dansamo Department Head
A Document in which different community groups of the Sidama People willingly called for the inscription of Fichee cultural event as an
international intangible heritage on UNESCO's Representative list and dully confirmed with their signature
Introduction
The cultural event known as Fichee is the ceremony of New Year among the Sidama
People which has been celebrated for centuries among all members of the people
annually for a period not less than two weeks. The celebration of this ceremony
begins at first at family and neighborhood level and, then, it is celebrated at a
cultural square traditionally referred to as Gudumale, at community level. In general,
the Fichee Chamba/a/a ceremony is a New Year ceremony with the knowledge of
indigenous and traditional calendar; having considerable cultural significance; and, an
intangible heritage which reflects the major cultural aspects of the Sidama People.
Moreover; the Fichee ceremony is the main intangible heritage of the Sidama people
which upholds the values of mutual respect, tolerance, amicability and human rights.
According to oral tradition of the Sidama people, the term Fichee is derived from
the name of a Sidama woman who was known by the name Ficho. This woman was
said to have been visiting her parents annually on the New Year Festive day of the
Sidama Nation by preparing cultural dishes called bursame, a meal prepared from
wassa (false banana) with a good deal of butter along with milk. The feast was
organized in the evening and the dishes were feasted on by inviting the neighbors.
After practicing this event for some times, Ficho died. Those neighbors who were
previously used to attend the feast, when she had come, named the festivity of the
eve of the New Year of the Sidama Nation Fichee after Ficho in her commemoration.
2
Social Events Performed in relation to the Fiche Ceremony
The Fiche New Year ceremony is celebrated annually for two weeks and, there are
sequences of events which are performed throughout the celebration process. One
of these social events which is performed first is known as La'o which literally means
"observation". This event pertains to the traditional astrological calendric calculation
to identify the exact date of the Fiche ceremony of New Year. The astrological
observance is conducted by the Ayanto, who have the wisdom of astrology; and, the
Ayanto meticulously observe the movements of stars and their positions in respect
to the moon. Thence, they announce the date to the tribal leaders known as Garo or
Woma. Based upon the information provided by the Ayanto, the tribal leaders
summon a meeting (Songo) to be held with competent adults and elders among the
community who are known by the name Chimessa. On this meeting, they thoroughly
discuss on the issues related to the event and make decision to proclaim the date of
the ceremony to the wider community. Then, clan leaders go to the market places in
their respective areas, hanging sheep skin on their long stick, to announce a
proclamation or Lalawa as to the date of the celebration to their community.
Afterwards, the first traditional event of singing and dancing known as Safote Keta/a
kicks off.
On the date on which Fiche is celebrated (Kewado), the celebration is started with
the event known as Huluka which takes place in the afternoon between 03 and 04
o'clock. In this event, each household prepares a door-like shape using wet bamboo
tree and erects this on a free space in front of the residence place and lets all
members of the household as well as the livestock owned by the household pass
through the bamboo shaped in door-like. The head of the household go through
first and followed by other family members and the cattle. This cultural event is
taken to be symbolizing the entrance to a new year. Accordingly, the event shows
3
the renouncing of all the bad things of the old year behind and accepting the new
one with new thinking and good wishes. This day is known as Fitari. In the evening
of the Fiche holiday, a cultural dish known as Bursame, which is prepared from the
dough of false banana (Kocho) and butter; is served on a clay pot known as Shafeta
along with milk and feasted on communally. The feast kicks off by an individual in
the community who has higher social status or; the Chimesa who lives nearby in the
localities, who utters words of blessing (diruni diro ilishink1), while scattering few
parts of the food. At this time, the others echo the blessing after him, stretching
their hands in the direction of the served dish. The scattering of bits of the food is
taken as an acknowledgement of the gift of the earth such delicious food. Hence, it
is in praise and thanking of the earth. The leaves of false banana (Inset) are warmed
on fire and designed in shapes to be used as dining plates for the partakers.
In such manner; members of the community go from a neighbor's house to
another's and feast all night long. The dish served on the day on which Fiche is
celebrated should not include meat. The reason for this is that it is wished for the
cattle too that the New Year be a good one. Any animal meat that happened to be
available in home before this day would have to be removed from home and kept
outside residence house. Moreover, head of a household is never supposed to spend
the night of the Fiche holiday away from home. Due to great significance given to
this event, every member of the community who has a quarrel with someone is
required to make peace before the holiday; and, it is uncouth to begin New Year
without making peace any other party with whom one has had disagreements.
On the first day of the New Year which is known as Qaawalanka, on the aftermath of
Fiche, a ceremony of Chambala/a is held. During this event, warm water is served in
an unbroken utensil early in the morning and head of household and the other
family members wash their face with the warm water and they rub their faces with a
4
butter served along with the water. Chambala/a means "happy new year" in Sidama
language. On this holiday, certain activities such as land tilling and collecting
firewood are not undertaken. Children go about and wish households happy new
year to them saying Ayide Chamba/a/a and, the neighbors respond with words of
blessing saying 1'le-i/e, which is wishing the children may you live long to see new
year, and they serve the children with Bursame dish.
The celebration event which follows upon Chamba/a/a is known as Shashiga. This is
the celebration of New Year communally at a public place called Guduma!/e. During
this event all groups of the community ranging up from adolescents to elders come
out grouped according to their respective clan to sing and dance the traditional
singing and dancing known as Keta/a holding spear and shield. The singing and
dancing of Keta/a includes both praises and condemnations of leaders, based upon
their deeds. The singers and dancers of Keta/a enter the Guduma!/e in turn and sit
down to receive the blessings of their clan leader who advise them to promote good
deeds of previous year and to renounce the bad deeds. In addition, the leaders wish
the community members that the New Year be a peaceful and prosperous year for
them. Side by side with the Ketala dancing and singing, the singing and dancing of
Hare by girls, the singing and dancing of Faro by boys and girls interested to each
other continue for months. This creates opportunities for the youth to get
acquainted to each other for possible spouses in the future. During this time, brides
come out to the public space being accompanied by their mother-in-laws and
neighbors to meet their relatives and officially complete their bridal period. There
are horse riding and competitions during Keta/a dancing and singing. At the
conclusion of Shashiga, the type of Ketala which signifies that the ceremony of Fiche
Fu//o or end of Fiche is approaching. At this time, the community groups sing and
5
dance along with their respective clans at Guduma!/e and the celebration is
concluded by words of blessing of the elders (Fiche jeji meaning I/ long live Fiche').
The socio-economic and cultural significance of Fiche ceremony to
Sidama people.
In addition of being the identity and New Year event that is an intangible heritage,
Fiche ceremony has social, economic, cultural, political significance and relevance to
environmental protection as well. The activities which the Womas or tribal leaders
advise the community strongly during the celebration of Fiche include: peaceful
coexistence of the members of the Sidama people with each other and with other
community members, wellbeing and good upbringing of children, respecting and
supporting the old age, having reverence for God and abstaining from testifying
falsely, theft, etc. During the celebration of Fiche, the Womas, Gana, Garo, Mote or
clan leaders all advise and remind all community members to work hard, to protect
and look after the cattle, to be able to celebrate the next New Year with prosperity
and wellbeing/ and they remind them to abstain from unseemly activities such as
begging, indolence/ and the like. Thus/ they play a significant role in promoting the
efforts of building the economy of the region. The clan leaders also provide
traditional administration services by holding meetings at the Guguduma//e in their
respective areas at any time whenever there are social problems for which they have
to seek solutions or to arbitrate issues which require traditional adjudication to
enable the community live in peace and harmony throughout the year. Among the
Sidama people/ the trees which have grown natural as well as those which have
been planted by man in the surroundings of Gudumal/e or the public gathering
places are never cut at any time. At the end of the celebration of Fiche/ the
community members are advised to protect the environment and to abstain from
6
cutting trees. As the result, abstaining from cutting indigenous trees has become a
strong habit of the Sidama people. Our globe is facing the problem of global
warming and leaders of world countries are promulgating regulations and working
hard to create awareness among their respective subjects to protect the
environment. Therefore, it is easy to understand the significance of Fiche intangible
heritage in promoting the tradition of protecting indigenous trees which has been
handed down from generation to generation among the Sidama ethnic group.
Fiche ceremony is a celebration in which values such as deep consideration to each
other, peace, tolerance and rejuvenation are embedded. The celebration is a valuable
cultural heritage which could contribute to the strengthening of multicultural society
not just at Sidama level but also at national level. Therefore, we request for the
acknowledgement and registration of this celebration at an international level by the
UNESCO and, we express that we attached hereby a document in which the people
called for the registration of the event by signing at a petition document. We would
also like to express our commitment to support any effort made to effect the
inscription of this intangible cultural heritage.
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
u su'ma(Name of applicants)
Koo/tee Diro r- Deerra(Social status) Ama'no(Religion) Woreda(District) I Malaate(si (Sex) (Age) gnature)
IGiro (No) 16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Xa'maan chu su'ma(Name of
applicants) Koo/tee I Diro
(Sex) (Age)
Deerra(Social status) Ama'no(Religion) I Woreda(District) I Malaate(si
gnature)
32
-33
34
-35
-36
-
39
-40
-41
-42
-43
-44
-45
Xa'maan chu su'm<J me of K""/~-~n vu 1.'-1...:.:
(Sex) Diro
(11 Deerr<J(Socic::l st()tus) Ama'no(Religion) I Woreda(District)
Kiiro (no.) 46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
154 55
56
57
58
59
60
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) 1 Woreda(district) 1 Malaate(si gnature)
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district)
Kiiro (no.) 76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
10
11
12
1 14 I
15
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district}
Kiiro (no.) 16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Xa'maan chu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (no)
31
1 32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (Age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
I r
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
I
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (no.) 76
177
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
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Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) Woreda(district) Malaate(si Kiiro (no.) 91
92
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94
95
96
97
98
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100
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applicants) 1 gnature)
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Xa'maan chu su'ma(Name of applicants)
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Kiiro (No) 31
32
33
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38
39
40
41
42
43
44
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Kiiro (no.) 46
47
48
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51
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Kiiro no.)
61
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77
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Kiiro , (no.)
18
Xa'maan chu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (Age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) Woreda( district) J Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (no.) 46
47
48
49
so
51
54
55
56
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) 1 Malaate(si gnature)
•• T
KHro 1
(no.) ' 61
62
63
64
65
69
70
71
Xa',maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) 1 Woreda(district) 1 Malaate(si gnature)
I Kiiro !
(no.) 76
77
78
79
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district)
Xa'rnaanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district)
(No) 1
Koo/tee {Sex)
Diro (Age)
Deerra{Social status) Ama'no(Religion) I Woreda{District) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro
31
Xa'maan chu su'ma{Name of applicants)
Koo/tee {Sex)
Diro (Age)
Deerra{Social status} Ama'no{Religion) I Woreda(District) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (no.) 46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
60
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (no.) 61
62
63
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Koo/tee I Diro I Deerra(Social status) I Ama'no(Religion) I Woreda(District) I {Sex) (Age)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
11
12
13
14
Kiiro (No) 16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Xa'maan chu su'ma(Name of applicants)
Koo/tee (S~x)
Diro (Age)
Deerra{Social status) Ama'no(Religion) I Woreda(District) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (No) 31
32
33
34
35
f 37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
Xa'maan chu su'ma(Name of applicants)
Koo/tee I Diro (Sex}
Deerra(Social status) Ama'no(Religion) I Woreda(District) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (no.) 46
47
48
49
so
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) 1 Woreda(district) 1 Malaate(si gnature)
62
-63
64
65
-68
-69
-70
-71
-72
-73
-74
-75
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Deerra(social status)
l 1
I
Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district)
i
I J
l
Kiiro (no.) 76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (no.) 91
92
93
94
95
196 97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)
Kiiro (no.) 91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
Xa'maanchu su'ma(name of applicants)
Koo/tee (sex)
Diro (age)
Deerra(social status) Ama'no(religion) I Woreda(district) I Malaate(si gnature)