Initiatives of ChangeUnited Kingdom

Co-funded by the Erasmus+ programme of the European Union

ማይግራንትን ስደተኛታትን ከም ዳግመ ሃነጽቲ

መደብ ትምህርቲንመማህራን

ን ተ ኸ ፋ ል ነ ት ን ኤ ኮ ኖ ሚ ያ ዊ ው ህ ደ ት ን

WWW.UK.IOFC.ORG/M-R-REBUILDERS

2

Published by:

Erasmus+ Partnership:Initiatives of Change, UK – Leader

Progestión, SpainKista Folkhögskola, Sweden

Ankara University of Social Sciences, Turkey

Project:

Cross-border Intercultural and Societal Entrepreneurs2016-1-UK01-KA204-024623

www.iofc.org/M-R-Rebuilders

ISBN: 978-1-9161358-5-7

Migrants and Refugees Curriculum is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License.

ማይግራንትን ስደተኛታትን ከም ዳግመ ሃነጽቲ

3

መውጽኢ

መእተዊ - 4

ትምህርታዊክብርታት - 5

ኣቀራርባትምህርቲ - 6

ቅርጺመደብትምህርቲ - 13

ትሕዝቶመደብትምህርትንመምሪሒታትን - 14

ኣብነታትስልጠና - 16

ሓደስቲዝኣተዉ - 16

ዝለማመዱዘለዉ - 19

ገናዘይለመዱ - 22

ናብራዘጣጥሑ - 25

4

መእተዊቀንዲኣድህቦናይ`ዚመደብትምህርቲ`ዚምስስደተኛታትንማይግራንትንንዝዋስኡምመማህራንክእለቶምንምዕባይእዩ።

እቲራእይ፣ካብውሽጢማይግራንትንስደትኛታትንስልጠናንደገፍንምስዝወሃቦም፣ኣብቲዝነብሩሉሃገራትንኣብመበቆልሃገሮምንከበርክቱይኽእሉእዮምብምባልእዩ።

እቲዝወሃብመደብትምህርቲንመማህራንከምምንጪየገልግል።እዚናይ3ዓመትፕሮጀክት`ዚብኢንተርነትጌርካከመይከምዝተገብረምርግጋጽን፣ውጽኢቱንምግምጋምንዝሓቐፈኢዩ።

እዚመደብ`ዚብምዱብንዘይምዱብንኣገባብኣመሃህራእዩዝሳለጥ።ነቲማሕበረኮምከምተፈጥሮኣዊሃዋህውተቐቢሉ፣ማይግራትንስደተኛታትንክዋስኡዕድልዝህብኢዩ።እቲትምህርቲኣብስሩዕኣገባብዝተመርኮሰጥራሕዘይኮነስ፣መዓልታዊርክብኣብውሽጢማህበረ-ኮምብምዝውታር`ውንኢዩዝካየድ።ስለዚመማህራን፣ማይግራንትስ፣ስደተኛታትኣብቲንኹሉምሕቓፍዝግበርጻዕሪዓቢተራኣለዎም።

ማእከልናይኩሉእቲማሕበረ-ኮምስለዝኾነ፣መምዘኒዝኸውንድማ፣እብልዕሊማይግራንትስንስደተኛታትን፣ዜጋታትዝነብሩሉሃገርን፣መበቆልሃገሮምንዘምጽኦናይናብራለውጥንጥቕምንይኸውን።

ኣብ ምምዕባል እዚ መደብ ትምህርቲ ካብ ዝተላዕሉ ሕቶታት፣

ንባዕላትና ማይግራንትን ስደተኛታትን ብምኻና፣• ኣብህዝቢዝማእከሉመደብትምህርቲብኸመይኣብሂወት

ወዲሰብለውጢየምጽእ?• ንመማህራንዝወሃብስልጠናብኸመይኢዩንሰባትኣሳታፊ

ዝኸውን?• ማይግራንትንስደተኛታትንብኸመይመገዲእዮምምስ

መበቆልሃገሮምዝምድናኦምዘመሓይሹ?

ከም ኩሉ-ለኸ ትካላት ስልጠና፣• ናይስልጠናማሕበራት፣ናብማይግራንትንስደተኛታትን

ዘተኮአረእንታይዓይነትኣመሃህራእየንዝኽተላ?• ብኸመይመገዲእዩዘይስሩዕኣገባብትምህርቲ፣ኣብ

ኣሳታፍነትንምውሳእንማይግራንትንስደተኛታትንተራዝህልዎ?

• ዓቕምታትንተመክሮንማይግራንትንስደተኛታትን፣ብኸመይኣብቲዝግበርስልጠናተራይህልዎ?

5

ትምህርታዊ ክብርታትና፣ኣብሞንጎእተንኣብዚጉዳይ`ዚዝዋስኣመሓዙትማሕበራት፣ማለትኣብስፓኛ፣ሽወደን፣ቱርኪ፣ዓባይብሪታኒያኮይነንንስደተኛታትንማይግራንትስኣገልግሎትዝህባ፣ሓድሓደስምመዓትተበጺሑኢዩ።በዚኣብታሕቲዘሎስእሊድማይግለጽ፣

ዝምድናታት ተቀራራቢ ዕድመ

ዘለዎም፣

(መማህራን፣ማይግራንትን፣ስደተኛታትን፣ሓቢሮም

እንክዓብዩ)

ምስ ካልእ ምድንጋጽ

መማህራንሓለይቲን ተደናገጽትንኢዮም

ጥቅሚ ዝህብ ስልጠና፣

(እቲዕላማላጎምተባሂሉይጽዋዕ፣ብሰውዲሽኮይኑ፣ትርጉሙ-

ዘይንእሽቶ፣ዘይብዙሕ፣ግንከኣልክዕ)።

ኣሳታፊ፣

(ኩሎምናይኮምተጠቀምቲ፣ከምዝድገፉይስምዖም)

ትምህርትን ምምሃርን ከም መቀየሪ ሂወት።

ኣብቅኑዕምይይጥንግብረመልስንምጽማድ

ተጻዋርነት፣

(ካብዝለመድናዮወጺና፣ፍልልይምቕባል)

ናይ መማህራን ክብርታት።

`ኣብመደብትምህትሪማይግራንትንስደተኛታትንከም

ዳግመሃነጽቲ`

6

ኣቀራርባናእቲስርዓተ-ትምህርቲኣብ`ዚዝስዕብ፣ህዝቢዝማእከሉትምህርታዊኣቀራርባዝተመስረተይኸውን።• ንምዕባለወዲሰብዘድሊኩሉመዳያዊውልቃዊምልኣትምስ

ዝህሉኢዩ• ንምዕባለወዲሰብተኽእሎብምድላብኣብትነብረሉሃገርን

መበቆልሃገርንማሕበራዊልወጢምምጻእ• ብቑዕናይኣመሃህራኣገባብምዝውታር

እዞምኣቀራርባታት`ዚኦምብዝያዳክሰፍሑንክበርሁንእዮም።ብተወሳኺእዚስርዓትትምህርቲእዚነቲናይሕቡራት

መንግስታትዘላቂምዕባለዕላማ`ውንኣብግምትዘእተወይኸውን።

ፈለስትን ስደተኛታትን ከም ዳግመ ሃነጽቲ ኣቀርርባ

`ባንኪን” `ትምህርታዊን ስልጠናውን ኣቀራርባ

ትምህርታዊ ኣቀራርባታት

ኣብሰብእዊመሰላትንክእለትንዝምርኮስ ሚዛኑዝሓለወ

ዝተመጣተነኣገባብ ፍልጠትዝዓብለሎ

ብመሰረታዊድልየትሰብንዘላቂናይምዕባለሸቶንዝድፋእ ብዕዳጋዝምእዘዝ

ኣብመበቆልማሕበረ-ኮምዝሰረቱ እብትሕዝቶዝምርኮስ

ዝጽቀጠሉ በገባብዝድፋእ(ንምንታይ፣ብኸመይ፣ምስመን) ኣብፍልጠትዝምርኮስ

ተራ መምህር ኣሳለጢ፣መሓዛ፣ኣሰልጣኒ፣ተኸታታሊ ፍሉይፍልጠትንክእለትንዘለዎ

ብዕድመ ዝደፍአ ማይግራንት ን

ስደተኛንክኢላ፣ዓቕለኛ፣ክመሃርቅሩብ ድልየትዘለዎሰብ

ኣርእስታት ስልጠና ዝተዛመደ በብውልቁዝኾነ

ግምገማ ጽልዋኣብልዕሊውልቀሰብንማሕበረ-ኮምን ተግባሪ

ራእይ ብዙሕዝማእከሉ(ትነብረሉሃገርንመበቆልሃገርን) ኣብውልቀሰብዝማእከሉ

ምንጽጻር ትምህርታዊ ኣቀራርባ

*ባንኪንትምህርቲብፓውሎፍረረ(1966)ዝዝውተርእዩ።

7

ኣቀራርባና

ኣብዚቀጺሉዝስዕብገጻትፍሉይኣተኩሮዝተዋህቦሕጽርዝበለጽሑፍ፣ብዛዕባናይትምህርቲኣወሃህባዝምልከትዘድሃበእዩ።ተወሳኺሓበረታ`ውንኣብቶምቀጺሎምተጠቒሶምዘለዉመወከሲታትክርከብይከኣል።

መሰረታውንናጻንዝኾነሰብኣዊመሰላትምስዝህሉ፣ኣብናይወድሰብዓይነታዊዝኾነናይኣእምሮንሕልናንምምዕባልዓቢተራኣለዎ።እዚኣብዘይብሉሃዋህውግን፣ኣብውልቀሰብጥራይተወሲኑዝተርፍዘይኮነንምሉእሕብረተሰብኣብነንሕድሕዱንከባቢኡንናይጽልእንግጭትንጠንቂይፍጠር።

ናይትምህርቲዕድልንምርካብንወድሰብመሰረታዊመሰልከምዝኾነተቐባልነቱካብ1948ጀሚሩዓለምለኻዊተባሂሉዝፍለጥብዕሊሰፊሩኣሎ።ብተወሳኺ፣ኣብናይሕቡራትሃገራትUNESCO;CONVENTIONAGAINSTDISCRIMINATIONINEDUCATION(1960);INTERNATIONALCOVENANTONECONOMIC,SOCIALANDCULTURALRIGHTS(1966)፡ውዕላትሰፊሩኣሎ።

ትምህርቲካብቶምመሰረታውያንካብውልቀሰብጀሚሩናብምሉእሕብረተሰብናይመሰልንረብሓንናይምድላብተራኣለዎ።

እዚኮይኑግንኣብዚእዋን`ዚኣብግብሪክርአከሎኣብብዙሓትሃገራትሰብኣዊመሰልተጋሂሱ፣ኣብገለሃገራትድማኣብትምህርቲዝምልከትብዘይመንግስታዊሓገዛትከምኣምርጥራይ

ሰፊሩይርከብ።መብዝሕትኡብሚልዮናትዝቑጸሩድኻታትህዝቢዓለም

ብስእነትትምህርቲዝተጠቕዑእዮም።ኣብዚብሰንኪውግእንስእነትጥጡሕመንባብሮንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንብዝሒእናነሃረዝኸደሉዘሎዓለም፣እቶምቀንዲተሰከምቲኣደራዕኮይኖምዘለዉማይግራንትንስደተኛታትንብቀጥታኮነብተዘዋዋሪመሰረታዊመሰላቶምእናማህመነእዩ።ኣብUNREFUGEECONVENTIONዋላይስፈር`ምበር፣ተፈላልዮምዝነብሩስድራቤታትተኣኻኺቦምብሓንሳብናይምንባርብፍላይኣብሕቡራትኤውሮፓዕድላትተነፊጉዎምወይድማብዘይቅኑዕኣገባብክስርሓሉይርከብ።

ትምህርቲንመሰላትካንምኽባርሓጋዚእዩ።ንመሰላትካብግቡእክትሓትትንክትጣበቕንይሕግዝ፣እብምሕደራክማላእዘለዎሓበረታንኽትረክብ፣ብኡተዓጢቅካምስቲስልጣንሒዙዘሎስርዓትንመሰልካክትጣበቕየብቅዓካ።

እዚካሪክለምመደብትምህርቲ`ዚነቶምድለባትምህርቲዝዋስኡመማህራንናይሰብኣዊመሰልኣተሓሕዛመሰረትብምግባርንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንኣብቲዝነብሩሉሃገርንመበቆልሃገሮምን፣ተመራማሪኣተሓሳስባንክእለትንደሊቦምኣብባህላውን፣ቁጠባውንመዳያትንክዋስኡክሕግዝዝዓለመእዩ።

እዚፕሮጀክት`ዚንመማህራንዘገልግልሓበረታንዶኩመንትንብዛዕባስደት፣ካሪኩሉምትምህርቲዓበይቲ፣ስልጠናንካብመሓዙትሃገራት(ስፓኛ፣ሽወደን፣ቱርኪ፣ብሪታንያ)ክርከብይከኣል።

ሰብኣዊ መሰላት

8

ኣቀራርባና

እዚመደብ`ዚመሰረቱማንፍረድማክስኒፍፈላጥ(1991)እዩ።እቶምጠለባትኣብነንሕድሕዶምዝተወሃሃዱኮይኖምዝተፈላለዩባህልታትዘለዎም፣ሓቢሮምዝነብሩማሕበረሰባትብሓባርዝጥቀሙሎምኮይኖምግንከኣኣብግብሪዝተፈላለየኣጠቓቕማኣሎ።ናይማንፍረድሓሳባትምርኮሳዝገብሮ፣ዓቕሚ፣ዕቃበ፣ፍቕሪ፣ምርድዳእ፣ተሳትፎ፣መሃዝነት፣ምዝንጋዕ፣መንነትንነጻነትንኢዩ።ኣብውልቂኮነሓባራዊዝሰረቱሓቢርካናይ

ምንባርንምውናንንምስራሕንኣብግምትየእቱ።እቲካሪክለምኣብላዕሊዝተጠቕሰመሰረትዝገበረኮይኑ

ብተሻረኽትንነበርቲኣብስደትንተወሲዱዝስርሓሉእዩ።ኣብ5ናይትምህርቲክፋላትከኣይዝርዘር።ማለት፦

ርጉእናብራ፡ሓድሕድፍቕሪ፡ድሕንነት፡ምርድዳእ፡ተስታፍነት።ቀንዲመለልዪናይዚኦምድማዝተዛመዱንዝመጋገቡንምኻኖምእዩ።

መሰረታውያን ድልየታት ወዲሰብManfred Max-Neef’s Human Scale Development (1991)

እቶም ቀንዲ(ዋና)ናይ ደቂ-ሰባት ዓቕምታትAmartya Sen’s Development as Freedom (1999); Martha Nussbaum’s Creating Capabilities: The Human Development Approach (2011)

እዚናይትምህርቲመምርሒ`ዚ፣ነቶምኣብትምህርቲንምሃብዝዋፈሩመምህራንውሽጣዊዓቕሞምኣደልዲሎም፣ንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንኣብቲዝሰፍሩሉሃገርኮነኣብመበቆልሃገሮምውሽጣዊዝምድናታትንኸማዕብሉንኸዳልዎምዝዓለመእዩ።ከምኡድማነቶምብጽኑዕማሕበራዊጽልዋታትዝተዓብለሉኩነታትፓብሊክፖሊሲጠመተዝሃበእዩ።እቲቀንዲተራናይማሕበራዊ-ትምህርቲናይኣመለኻኽታዕድላትንዝምድናታትንምስፍሕፋሕንንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንነጻነትይህብ።ሁማንአጀንሲክበሃልከሎደቂሰባትዓቕሞምኣማዕቢሎምሂወቶምብጥጡሕንኽመርሑዘኽእሎምማለትእዩ።

እዚዓቕሚምድላብዝብልኣገባብ፣ኣተኩሮኡነቶምኣብናይንልዕሊዕድመዝኾኑትምህርቲምሃብዝተዋፈሩመምህራንኣሰልጢንካንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትን፣ተመዛቢሉዝነበረሂወቶምንስድራበቶምንማሕበረሰቦምንኣብሓዲሽሂወትጀሚሮሙሉዘለዉሃገርኮነኣብመበቆልሃገሮምብኣወንታክዋስኡንከበርክቱንኸኽእሎምንእዩ።ነዚንምትግባርግን፣ንዋታውንዉዱብመንግስታዊድጋፍኣድላይእዩ።ቀጻልነቱዝረጋገጽድማ፣መማህራንን፣ስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንንርእሶምክትትልእናገበሩኣብህዝቢ፣ፖሊቲካ፣ሲቪክ፣አኮኖሚ፣ማሕበራዊከባቢክዋስኡየድሊ።

ህይወትብትምህርቲንምልዋጥብምሕላን፣እዞምዝስዕቡማእከላዊክእለታትኣገደስቲይኾኑ፣-• ህይወት• ኣካላዊጥዕና• ህዋሳትንኣተሓሳስባትን• ስምዒታት• ሃናጺኣተሓሳስባ• ግብራዊትንተና• ዝምድናታት• ምዝማድ• ምዝንጋዕ

ከባቢኻምቑጽጻር፣ማለት-1.ንናብራኻዝገዝእፖሊቲካምስታፍ፣2.ንብረትማዕረምስካልኦትምውናን።

Source: Adapted from Martha C. Nussbaum (2011) Creating Capabilities. The Human Development Approach.

9

ኣቀራርባናኮግኒቲቭ፣ኣፈክቲቭ፣ ሳይኮሞቶር መኣዝናት።ክራትዎህል (1964) | Krathwohl’s Affective dimension of the Learning Taxonomy (1964)

ነዞምዝስዕቡ3ኣብላዕሊተጠቂሶምዘለዉዝርዝራትፈላሊኻንምርኣይ(ምግላጽ)ስምዒታትዝብልመኣዝንማእከልነትዝገበረኣወሃህባትምህርቲኣብውልቂኮነጥሙር(ሓባራዊ)ኣብምስታፍየኽእል።እዚስምዒታትኣብግምትዘእተወኣመሃህራውጽኢታዊክገብርዎዝኽእሉሞዱላትደረጃታትኣመሃህራበዞምዝስዕቡክግለጽይከኣል፣-• ሓድሽኣረኣኣያንሓበረታንናይምቕባልድልየትን፣ዓቕምን፣

ፍልጠትንናይምጥራይንኣገዳሲእዩ።• ነቲዝነበረከምዘለዎ ምቕባል ኣብምርምርኣእቲኻንሓደስቲ

ነገራትተረዲእካንተቐቢልካንናይምስጋምብልሓትንክእለትን ምጥራይእገዳሲይኸውን።

• ብስነምግባራዊ ኣረኣኣያዝተደረኸብኣኽብሮትንስሩዕዝኾነመዓልታዊሂወትንስራሕንኣገዳሲከምምኻኑምጥራይ፣ኣብርእሲኡዓቕሚ ንሓድሽ ኣረኣእያታትተሞክሮታትናይምርዳእን ምግምግምንየኽእል።

• ክብርታትን ልምድንኣካልመዓልታዊሂወትካንምንቅስቓስካንናይምቕባልኣብዓቕሚነገራትመሃዝነትንኣገልግሎትናይሓደሰብኣድላዪ(መምዘኒ)እዩ።

ኣስተውዓሊ ጎድኒ ፍጡን ጎድኒ ሓሲብካ ምስጋም

ፍልጠት ናይ ምቕባል ጠባይ

ተዓዛቢ

ተበግሶ

ተሞክሮ

ምስምማዕ

ተረድኦ ግብረ መልሲ

ትንተና

ዋጋ ምሃብን ምውዳብንቅንበራ

ግምገማ

ፈጠራ ዓይነት መዓልታዊ ሂወት

ዓይነታት ኣወሃህባን ኣወሳስዳን ትምህርቲ

10

ኣቀራርባናካብዚቀጺሉናይቃላትባንክካብዝቐለለክሳብዝኸበድተዘርዚሩይርከብ።እዚዝርዝርእዚመማህራንኣብስርሖምብዙሕከምዝጠቕሞምተስፋይግበረሉ።

ኮግኒቲቭ ግስታት(ቃላት)ካብ1-6ደረጃታትትምህርታዊውጽኢትዝገልጹቃላት፡

1. ፍልጠት 2.ኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ 3.ኣተገባብራ 4.ትንተና 5.ምቅንባር 6.ግምገማ

ተርጉምድገምመዝግብዘርዝርዘክርኣስምርስመኣዛምድ

ግለጽኣሕጽርግለጽኣለሊግለጽግለጽ

ፈሊኻርአቦታ-ርኸብሪፖርትሃብድገም

ደጊምካንገርብጽሑፍተርጉም

ንገር

ኣስርሕተጠቐምኣረግእገምት

ድራማግበርተሞከርግለጽስራሕመደብግዛእስኣል

ብቃልተርጉምኣተግብር

ፈላሊኣድንቕ

ሒሳብግበርተላመድፈትንኣነጻጽርኣወዳድርንቐፍ

ግራፍግበርመርምርተኻታዕደምድምሕተትኣዛምድፍታሕመርምር

ሊስትኣውጽእፈለሊኻርአተንትን

ምውህሃድመደብምውጻእሓሳብምሃብዲሳይን

ጽፉፍቀረብምትዕርራይምእካብምጥርናፍምህናጽምፍጣርምድላውምውዳብምምሕዳርምድላውምጥርናፍምስትብሃል

ምምራጽምፍታንምግምጋምምድናቕምግምጋምዓቐን

ምንጽጻርክብሪምኽላስ

ነጥቢምርካብምምራጽምግማትምዕቃንምውሳን

ኣፈክቲቭ ግስታት(ቃላት)ካብ1-5ደረጃታትተሞክራዊውጽኢትዝገልጹቃላት።

1. ጠባይ 2. ግብረ-መልሲ 3. ክብረት ምያብ 4. ውደባ 5. ዝተፈላለየ ድምደማ

ምልላይስምዒትምሕላውተቐባሊነት-ምርኣይ

ምዕጋስምቕባልምድማጽምክፋልምምስጋንምምራጽ

ንሓደጋምቅራብ

ምክፋልምንጣፍ

ኣቀባብላምፍላጥሓላፍነትምውሳድምስምማዕፍቓደኛምኻንሕጊከይዲምክባር

ምትግባርምፍሳህምሕታትምትሕብባር

ሓላፍነትምውሳድ

ብርቱዕስምዒትምሓዝእሙንምኻን

ብእምነትምግልጋልክብሪምሃብምርጫምግባር

ክብርታትምትግባር

ምዝማድፍርዲምሃብሚዛንምሕላው

ምልላይ፡ምውዳብመደብ

ፍርዲምልዋጥ፡ኣብሓቂተመርኪስካ

ምድምዳም፡ፍርዲምክላስ፡

ሽግራትብግቡእምርኣይሕልናምምዕባል፡ናይሂወትፊሎዞፊ

ምምዕባል፡

11

ኣቀራርባናሳይኮሞቶር ግስታት(ቃላት)ካብ1-4ደረጃታትናይምምሃርዝገልጹቃላት።

1.ትዕዝብቲ 2.ተበግሶ 3.ምትግባር 4.ምልምማድ

ምክትታልምስትብሃል

መምርሒምምባብጽንምባልምምርማርምዕዛብ

ኣፈልፋሊሓሳብመምርሒምኽታልሰጋእጋእምባል

ሓሲብካምትግባርምጅማርምፍልላይ

ሓደጋምቅባል

ምድጋምብብቖዓትምትግባር

ከማድላይነትምስራሕሓድሽኩነታትምቕባልብጽፉፍምትግባር

12

መወከሲታት

Biggs,J.B.(2003)TeachingforqualitylearningatuniversityBuckingham,(2nded.)OpenUniversityPress/SocietyforResearchintoHigherEducation.

Bloom,B.S.&Krathwohl,D.R.(1956)TaxonomyofEducationalObjectives:TheClassificationofEducationalGoals.HandbookI:CognitiveDomain,NewYork,Longman,Green.RevisedversionbyAndersonandKrathwohl,2001

Dreze,J.&A.K.Sen(2002)India,DevelopmentandParticipation.NewDelhi,NewYork,OxfordUniversityPress.

Krathwohl,D.R.,Bloom,B.S.&Masia,B.B.(1964)TaxonomyofEducationalObjectives:TheClassificationofEducationalGoals.HandbookII:AffectiveDomain,NewYork,DavidMcKayCo.,Inc.

Max-Neef,M.,Elizalde,A&Hopenhayn,M.(1986)Desarrolloaescalahumana.Unaopciónparaelfuturo,DevelopmentDialogue,Númeroespecial,1986,CeapuryFundaciónDagHammarskjöld,SantiagodeChileyUpssala,Suecia.

Max-Neef,M.&Smith,P.B.(2013)Laeconomíadesenmascarada.Delpoderylacodiciaalacompasiónyelbiencomún,Barcelona,EditorialIcaria

Nussbaum,MarthaC.(2011)CreatingCapabilities.TheHumanDevelopmentApproach,London,TheBelknapPressofHarvardUniversityPress.

Nussbaum,MarthaC.(2006)FrontiersofJustice,London,TheBelknapPressofHarvardUniversityPress.

Meredith,M.&QuirozNino,C(Coords),Arando,S.,Coelho,L.S.,Silva,M.F.&VillafuertePezo,A.M.(2015)Enhancingstudiesandpracticeofthesocialandsolidarityeconomy.York,YorkStJohnErasmusSocialandSolidarityEconomyConsortium.

Pearce,J.(2003)SocialEnterpriseinAnytown,London,CalousteGulbenkianFoundation.

Sen,A.(1999)LibertadyDesarrollo,Barcelona,EditorialPlaneta

More references are available in the project's resources webpage: https//uk.iofc.org/resources-erasmus

ኣቀራርባና

More references are available in the project's "|ɔŴȺ ±|ɔl"Ⱥƶȉȡ resources webpage:

https//uk.iofc.org/resources-erasmus

"Ɩ| Ǻ"ȉȺƖ±ȉȡ ʞ±bȡĜȺ±ȡ˰ ±˱ô˱

Progestion Blog Extranjeríahttp://blogextranjeriaprogestion.org/

±{ĜȡlɔȡȡĜƶƖ ŞƶĜƖȺ ǺȉƶޱlȺ˰

kƶƌƌƶƖʞ±"ŴȺĊ °|ɔl"ȺĜƶƖ ĉɔb "Ɩ| ěƖĜȺĜ"ȺĜʘ±ȡ ƶí kĊ"Ɩô± Education for Migrants and Refugees±{ĜȡlɔȡȡĜƶƖ ŝɔƖ± ˱

ĊȺȺǺȡ˰˾˾ʞʞʞ˱ȺĊ±lƶƌƌƶƖʞ±"ŴȺĊ±|ɔl"ȺĜƶƖĊɔb˱Ɩ±Ⱥ˾ʞǺlƶƖȺ±ƖȺ˾ɔǺŴƶ"|ȡ˾˾˾Ȉ±íɔô±±ȡ{ĜȡlɔȡȡĜƶƖȠɔƌƌ"ȉʲìĜƖ"Ŵ˱Ǻ|í

Commonwealth education hub data base: www.thecommonwealth-educationhub.net/

ĊȺȺǺȡ˰˾˾ʞʞʞ˱ȺĊ±lƶƌƌƶƖʞ±"ŴȺĊ±|ɔl"ȺĜƶƖĊɔb˱Ɩ±Ⱥ˾ƌĜôȉ"ƖȺȡȉ±íɔô±±ȡȉ±bɔĜŴ|±ȉȡȺȉ"ƖȡíƶȉƌĜƖôŴĜʘ±ȡŴ±"ȉƖĜƖô˾

13

ቅርጻ መደብ ትምህርቲ

ቅርጻ መደብ ትምህርቲ

ቅድ

መ-ግ

ምገማ

ድልየ

ታት

ን ክ

እለታ

ትን

ድሕ

ረ-ግ

ምገማ

ድልየ

ታት

ን ክ

እለታ

ትን

ብሕታዊ ጽላት፣ንኣሽቱ-ማእከሎት-ዓበይቲትካላትቢዝነስ

መንግስታዊ ጽላት፣ዩኒቨርስቲ-ኮለጃትንዓበይቲ-ቤ/ት2ይደረጃ

ማሕበራዊ ጽላት፣ዘይመንግስታውያንትካላት-ማሕበርሰራሕተኛታት-ሃይማኖታዊኮማት-ናይ

ስደትኮማት

ዕላማ፣ ስነምግባራዊ ማሕበረ-ቁጠባዊ ተዋሳእነት

ቀጥታ ዘተኩረሎም ወገናት፣ማይግራንትን፡ስደተኛታትን፡ዝተዛናበሉን

ብተዘዋዋሪ ዘተኩረሎም ወገናት፣ኣብስደትንመበቆልሃገርንዝነብሩዓበይቲ

1. ዘላቒ ናብራ

2. ፍቕሪ ሰብንተቐባልነትን

3. ምክልኻልሓደጋን ሓለዋን4. ተረድኦን ተኻፋልነትን

5. ተኻፋልነትንማሕበራዊ

ትካልን

ዝለምዱ ዘለዉ2-5ዓመት

ሓደሽቲ መጻእቲ1-2ዓመት

ዝለመዱ6+ዓመት

ገጽንገጽርክብኣብውሽጢኮማትገጽንገጽኣብውሽጢኮማትንስደተኛታትን

ገጽንገጽርክብኣብውሽጢኮማት

ተጠቀምቲፕሮጀክት

ክፋላት ስልጠና

ደረጃታት ተኻፋልነት

ማይግራንትን ስደተኛታትን ከም ዳግመ ሃነጽቲ

14

ትሕዝቶ መደብ ትምህርቲመደብትምህርቲኣብ3ደረጃይኽፈል፣

• ሓደሽቲ መጻእቲ(0-2 ዓመት)- ኣብካምፕወይኮምዝኣተዉ።• ዝለማመዱ(2-5 ዓመት)-መነባብሮዘጠዓዕሙዘለዉ።• ዘጣጥሑ(ካብ 5 ዓመት ንላዕሊ)- ኣብፍሉይኮምዝነብሩ`ሞ፣

ጽኑዕዝምድናዘጥረዩን፣ንኻልኦትእንኮላይኣባላትመበቆልሃገሮምክሕግዙቅሩባትዝኾኑን፣

ጊዜያትደረጃታትተዓጻጻፊኮይኑ፣ፍልልያቶምግንክልለዘለዎይኸውን።ነፍስወከፍደረጃ5ንሂወትዝምልከትትምህርታዊኣርእስታትዝሓዘለእዩ።ንሳቶምድማ፣

5. ተኻፋልነትንማሕበራዊ ትካልን

ክእለት ማሕበራዊ ክብርታት ኮምምድንፋዕ

ተበግሶ ኮማዊ ትካል፡ሕሳባዊን ፊናንሳዊንኣፍልጦ፡ግብረገብነታዊንሓባራዊን

መሪሕነት

1.ዘላቒ ናብራ

ብቕዓት ኣገላልጻ መሰረታዊ ሰብኣዊመሰላትን ድልየታትን

ኣካላዊ ፡ሓንጎላዊ ፥ከባብያዊ ጥዕናን ጽቡቕናብራን

ግምገማ ክእለታትን ድልየታታን

ናይ ካልኦት ተሞክሮን ፍልጠትን ክብሪ ምሃብ።

ቅድመን ድሕረን ስልጠና

2. ፍቕሪ ሰብንተቐባልነትን

ክትናብን፡ክትናበን ቅሩብ ምዃን

ዕድመ ዘይፈሊ ስምዒታውንማሕበራውን ልቦና ፥ ምጽዋርኣኽራርነት፥ጥዑይ ማሕበረ-

ሳይኮሎጅያዊን ዕዮያዊን ጥዕና

3. ምክልኻል ሓደጋን ሓለዋን

ክእለት ሰብኣዊ ጸጥታ ምድንፋዕ

ውልቃዊን ኮማውን ክብረት፥ ሰላምን ማሕበራዊ

ጥቡቕነትን፥ ሕጋውን ግብረገብነታዊንከባብያዊን ምሕደራ

4. ተረድኦን ተኻፋልነትን

ክእለት ውጽኢታዊ ኣተናትናን ምስታፍን

ክእለት ቃልሲ ጸረ-ኣፈላላይ፥ፖሊቲካዊንብዝሐ ባህላዊን፥ሃይማኖታዊን ጾታውን

መንነት

ማይግራንትን ስደተኛታትን ከም ዳግመ ሃነጽቲ

15

1. ደረጃታት-ኣብቀረባጊዜዝኣተዉ፣ዝለማመዱ፣ርጉእናብራዝገበሩ2. ኣስማትናይተን5ኣብሂወትዘተኮራኣርእስትታትስልጠና3. ስምሞደል፣መግለጺኡን፣ዘስንቖክብርን4. ዘስዕቦትምህርታዊውጽኢት፣ማማህራንእንታይ

ከምዝመሃሩ፣ዝትንትኑ፣ዘነጻጽሩ፣ዝግምግሙ5. ዘስዕቦተሞክሮኣዊውጽኢት፣መምህራንእንታይክገብሩ

ይኽእሉ፣እንታይክብርታትይድልቡ፣ምምሕዳራዊክእለቶም6. ስልጠናዝወስዶጊዜንሰዓታትን

7. ዘድሊሓፈሻዊቅድመኩነት8. ትሕዝቶሞደልን፣መገምገሚንጥፈትን9. ኣገባብኣወሃህባስልጠና10. ካብስልጠናንጽበዮሓድሽክእለት፣ዓቕሚ11. ስልጠናዕላምኡከምዝወቕዐምግምጋም።እቲዘኸትሎምምሕያሽኣብ

መምህራን፣ማይግራንት፣ስደተኛታትዝንጸባረቅኮይኑ፣ኣብዝነብሩሉሃገርንመበቆልሃገርንየጠቓልል።

ክፋላት ስልጠናእዚካሪኩለም`ዚዝኽተሎስጉምታት፣-

16

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድ

ደረጃ ሓደስቲ መጻእቲ

ኣርእስቲምምህርና፡• ቀጻልነትምዕበለ• ተሳታፍነትኣብማሕበራዊ

እቶታዊንጥፈት

• ኣካላዊጥዕና• ስነኣእምራዊጥዕና• ስነኣካባብያዊጥዕና• ቁጽርንፍልጠትምንባብን

ምጽሓፍንምዕባለናይዕላማቀጻልነት ዘሮ ጥሜት፣ ጽቡቕ

ጥዕናን ህልውናን፣ጾታዊ ማዕርነት፣ሓላፍነታዊ ህልከትን

ኣፍራይነትንጊዜንንውሓትንናይኣሃዱኣዊ

ልምምድ3ሳዓት፡ሓንሳብኣብሰሙን፡

ንኣርባዕተወርሒ

1.1 መግለጺ ናይ ኣሃዱካብስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትን፡ናይመግብንኣሰራርሓመግቢልምድታትዓበይቲመምህራን፡ንክመሃሩዕድልክህልዎምእዩ።ናይምደባመግቢክፍለጊዝያትንክእለታት፡ናይስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትልምድታትኣሰራርሓመግቢ፡ኣመጋግባንክብርታትናይስጋ፡የሕምልቲ፡ፍረታት፡ቀመማትን፡ምምሃርማለትእዩ።ጉጅላዊጥምረትብመገዲንጥፈትኣሰራርሓመግቢ፣ኣብቲብፍላይንደቂኣንስትዮተባሂሉዝምደብዕማማትናይሓባራዊሓላፍነትንጾታዊማዕርነትንየማዕብል።መምህራንናይዓበይቲ፣ናይሕሳብንቁጠባዊፍልጠትንጥፈታትምስናይመግቢሚዛንዝዛመድየማዕብሉ።

1.2 እተዓቀቡ ክብርታት• ዉሕስነት• ነብሰክንክን• ብዝሐሃገራዊመንነትንሓቓፊዝምድና(ሰባት፡ኣከባብንኣገባብ

ኣነባብራዘጠቓልል)• ባህላዊሓባራዊዘተ• ማሕበራዊመራኸቢ(ሰንሰለት)• ጾታዊማዕርነት• ሓባራዊሓላፍነት

II. ዉጽኢታት ኣሰተምህሮ ናይ መምህራን ዓበይቲ• ናይዘአንገደትወይ(ዘጋየሸት)ሃገርንትውልድሃገርን፣ዓይነት

ምህርትታትብምጥቓምሚዛናዊኣመጋግባምምሃር• ናይሕሳብንፍልጠትንንጥፈታትንንድፊ፡ከመይገርካናይመግቢ

ሚዛንዝምልከትምምሃር• ካብዘአንገደትዓዲብዛዕባመግቢዝምልከትመባእታዊኣገላልጻ

ቋንቋንብከመይንምትእትታውምምሃር• ብናይስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትቓንቓመባእታዊናይመግቢመግለጺ

ምምሃር• ከመይገርካናይመግቢክትጥቀምምኽኣልንምምሃር(ገጽ17)

III. ተመክሮኣዊ ዉጽኢታት ንመምህራን ናይ ዓበይቲ• ስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንናይሕሳብንቁጠባዊክእለትንካልእናይ

ሂወትመዳያትንከመሓላልፉምኽኣልንምሕጋዝን• ብመሰረትናይመግቢኣሰራርሓንጥፈታትዉሑስከባቢብምፍጣር

ጭንቀትንጸቕጥንምጉዳል፣• ንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንናይለዉጥንምዉህሃድንስምዒትናይ

ምድጋፍተኽእሎ

IV. ጊዜን ንውሓትን ናይ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድ• 3ሳዓት፡ሓንሳብኣብሰሙን፡ንኣርባዕተወርሒ

V. ናይ ንጥፈታት ሓፈሻዊ ቅድመኩነት• ቶርጎምቲ• ንጥፈታትንምክያድምስማሕበራዊንናይጥዕናኣገልግሎታት

ምዉህሃድ• እተመጣጠነኣመጋግባ• ካብምምራዝመግቢምክልኻል• ሓበረታታትዓጸቦ• ንፍሉይጥዕናዊኩነታትጠለባትኣመጋግባ• ኣብመግቢትሰርሓሉኣካላዊስነ-ጥዕናንኣብነት፦ኣታሓጻጽባ

የእዳውጥበብ• ኣብሞንጎዝበሰለንዘይበሰለስጋናይምትሕውስብከላሓደጋ

መረዳእታ• ንስንኩላንኣኽእሎዝፈጥርመሳለጥያታትመራኸቢቦታ• እቲናይዓበይቲመምህራንልምምዳዊንጥፈታትኣብናይማሕበረ

ኮምወይማዓስከርዝተፈቅደሉመቓምጦክካየድይኽእልእዩ• ዓቐንጉጅለሰባት:10ክሳብ12መምህራን• ኣድላይነትደረጃ*ትምህርቲንመምህራንዓበይቲ:ኣብሞንግB1–C1

ቋንቋናይስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታት

ዘሮጥሜት ጽቡቕጥዕናንህልውናን

ሓላፍነታዊህልከትንኣፍራይነትንጾታዊማዕርነት

ሀክሳጎን 1. ዘላቒ ናብራ ሕዉስዋስ መግቢ

17

Choose wholegrain or high f bre versions with less added fat, salt and sugar

red and processed

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድVI. ትሕዝቶ ኣሃዱ 1፡ክእለትውደባንዝምድናምፍጣርንብምህላውማሕበራውንሕክምናውንኣገልግሎትኣብዞምዝስዕቡምሃብ፦• ዝተመጣጠነኣመጋግባ፡• ምምራዝመግብንሕማምንምክልኻል፡• ምክክታልዋሕዲግቡእመግቢ፡• ንፍሉይሕክምናዘድሊመግቢ፡• ኪትክሽንከለኻዝግበርውልቃዊጽርየት፡• ኢድካኣተሓጻጽባኣገባብ፡• ኣብዝበሰለንዘይበሰለንስጋካብምሕዋስዝመጽእሓደጋኣፍልጦ

ምህላው፡

• ኣብትነብረሉሃገርንትውልዲሃገርንዝርከቡስጋ፡ኣሕምልቲ፡ጥረታት፡ቀመማትምልላይ፡

• መግቢኣብምሽማትዘድሊፍልጠትቁጽርንአኮኖሚን፡• መሰረታዊክእለትቁጽሪ(ሒሳብ)፡• ዋጋኣወዳዲርካዝሓሸምምራጽ፡• ገንዘብብጥንቃቐምሓዝ፡• ናይምግቢባጀትምድላው፡

VII. ኣገባብን መስርሕንኣሳታፊኮይኑ፡ናይኩሉወለዶታትዘካፍል፡ጾታዊሚዛንዝሕሉ፡ብዝሐተሳታፍነትዘለዎ፡ንምጥማርባህልታትንመሰላትእተሞርኮሰኣቐራርባ

Eat a

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ድንሽ ባኒ ሩዝ ፖስታ ካልእን

ጥረታት፡ ዓሳ፡እንቃቅሖ፡ስጋ ካልእ

ፕሮቲን ውጽኢት ጸባን መተካእታን

ዘይትን ተቀባኢንሳቹረትድዘይቲንቁሩብምጥቃምን

Eat more beans and pulses, 2 po

rtions

sourced f sh per week, one o

f whic

h is Choose lower fat and

lower sugar options

ፍሩታንኣሕምልትን

ማይ፣ ትሑት ስብሒ ጸባ፣ሹኮር ነጻ መስተ/ሻህን ቡንን ከይተረፈ።

ጽማቕ ፍሩታን ስሚዚን ካብ 150ምል ንመዓልቲ ከይበዝሕ።

6 - 8ኣብ

መዓልቲ

ፈተነ ንጥፈታት:• ምሰኣልናይመግቢካርታ፡ብምኽሪናይማሕበረጥዕናኣገልገልቲ፡ናይ

ትውልዲንኣዕቋቢትሃገርቀመማትንመግብታትምንጽብራቕ• ምስናይጥዕናኣገልገልቲሓበረታዊክፍለጊዝያትብዛዕባመግብን

ኣሰራርሓምምዳብ• ናይመግቢማህደረቃላትምልክትብኽልቲኡቋንቋታትምጽሓፍ

(ብናይትውልድንኣዕቋቢትሃገር)• ብደገፍስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትናይኣብኣከባቢዘሎሹቓትንዓበይቲ

ድኳናትካርታኣዳሉ

• ክብሪዋጋናይዝተፈላለየሹቓትንዓበይቲዱኳናትዘወዳድር• መጽሀታትርኸብ• ንጥፈታትሕሳብንፍልጠትንዝምልከትንዋትኣዳሉ፣ንከባባኣዊሹቓት

ንምምሳል፣ኣብሰታሪትዝተዳለወከምንኣብነት፤ናይከባቢባጠራ(ምብዛሕእንተተፈቒዱ)

• ካብናይሹቓ፡ትመጽሀታትምስላዊመርኣያናይየሕምልቲ፡ጥረታትንቀመማትምምጻእ

• ናይኣካላዊጽረትን፡ኣተሓጻጽባየእዳውጥበባትዝገልጽቪድዮኣርኢ

18

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድVIII. ዉጺኢታትመምህራንዓበይቲ፡• ንናይጥዕናኣገልገልቲኣብኮማትንማዓስከራትንጥፈታትከካይዱ፡

ብርእሰምትእምማንየዋሃህዱንይድግፉን• ምስስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታት፡ተመጣጣኒኣመጋግባይፈጥሩ• ንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታት፡ናይመግቢኣመሓድራደገፍምሃብ

IX. ግምገማብመምህራንዓበይትንምስስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትዝተሰነደፈተነኣዊዝርዝር• ኣብሞንጎማሕበረኮም፡ስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትናይመግቢ

ኣሰራርሓባዓላትስሩዕኮይኑኣሎ• ብማሕበራውያንንናይጥዕናኣገልገልቲ፡ዝተመደበስሩዕንምብጻሕ

ንናይስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትማሕበረኮማት• ብኣገልገልቲሕክምና፡ናይዓጸቦጉዳያትተነጺሮምንምቑጽጻር

ተፈጺሙሎም• ብሰንኪናይመግቢሚዛን፡ሶሙናዊናይገንዘብዉህለላ

• ስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትናይመግቢማህደረቃላትንንኣገላልጻታትብስሩዕይጥቀሙ

• መባእታዊመሕተትተፈጺሙ• መጽናዕታዊጉዳያትብዛዕባተመክሮኣሰራርሓመግቢምድላውን

ምክፋልፍጻመታትተጻሒፉ• ብምዉህሃድማሕበራዊንናይጥዕናንኣገልገልቲብዛዕባጽቡቕ

ልምድታትመጽናዕታዊጉዳያት

X. መወከሲታትEuropeanlanguagelevels-SelfAssessmentGridhttp://europass.cedefop.europa.eu/sites/default/files/cefr-en.pdf

TheEatwellGuidehttp://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/Goodfood/Pages/the-eatwell-guide.aspx

19

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድ

ደረጃ ገና ዘይለመዱ

ኣርእስተትምህርቲ:• ፍቕርንህላውነትን

• ስነማሕበሬውንስራሕን

ሽቶታትኣናባሪምዕባለ ዓይነት ትምህርቲ፡ ጾዊ ማዕርነትን ምውጋድ

ዘይምዕሩይነት፡ ትኽክል ኣሰራርሓን ቁጠባዊ ዕብየት

ጊዜንንውሓትንናይኣሃዱኣዊልምምድ

12ሶሙን፡ሙሉእጊዜ-ማዓልታዊ6ሳዓት

1.1 ኣሃዱኣዊ መግለጺመምህራንናይዓበይቲ፡ሓላፍነቶምልዕሊእቲንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትዝቐስምዎንፍልጠትንክእለትንዘኽእልእዩ።ምእንቲእቶምስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንነቲዝገበሩዎጻዕሪንፍልጠቶምንክእለቶምሽቶታትክጎናጸፉን፡ክብሪመታንክህቡዎ፡ዝተፈላለየናይምስልጣንኣገባባትክፈልጡንክጥቀሙንይግባእ።እቲዝዓበየፈተነንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትኣብምስልጣን፡ኣብሰለስተቅርጽታትዘሎሚዛንኮይኑ፡ሀ)ውልቃዊናይስርሖምተመኩሮለ)ናይልምምድተገዳስነቶምሐ)ጠለብሹቕናይዑቕባሃገር።ንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንምብብጋስንምትብባዕን፣ኮምኡእዉንንናይትምህርትንናይስርሖምዕላማታትንምክትታል፡ስልጠናታትናይክእለት፡ምምሃርንምፍጻም፡ስነጥበባዊኣገዳስነትብምህላዉ፡ምምህራንዓበይቲከማዕብልዎይግባእ።

1.2 ዝተዓቀበ ክብርታት• ትምህርቲንኹሉ• ምሕብሓብ• እምነት• ምስጢራዉነት• ቅንዕና• ምዕሩይነት• ጽፉፍስራሕ

* ጽፉፍስራሕመዛዘሚእቲናይስራሕሂወትትምኒትእዩ።ጽቡቕፍርያምነትንምዕሩግእቶትዘለዎናይስራሕዕድልን፡ዘተኣማምንቦታስራሕንማሕበራዊድሕነትንስድራቤታት፡ዝሓሸተስፋንማሕበራዊምዕባለንማሕበራዊውህደት፡ንደቂሰባትናይሻቑሎቶምንምግላጽናጽነት፡ንኹሎም፣ደቂኣንስትዮንደቂተባዕትዮንሂወቶምዝትንክፍማዕርነታዊዕድልናይኣታኣላሊያምምዳብንምክፋልን።ዓለምለኻዊዉድብሰራሕተኛታት(ILO-ዓዉሰ)

(ILO)http://www.ilo.org/global/topics/decent-work/lang--en/index.htm

II. ትምህርታዊ ዉጽኢት ንመምህራን ናይ ዓበይቲ• ኣጠቓላሊመረዳእታናይሃገራዊስርዓተትምህርቲክህሉ• እቲሃገራዊስርዓተትምህርቲእንታይቀረባትይህብንዑቕበኛታትን

ስደተኛታት፡ከምኡእዉንኣማራጺናይትምህርትንስልጠናታትንምፍላጥ

• ትምህርትን(መጽናዕትን)ንምጅማርንምቕጻልን፡ብዛዕባሃገራዊ፡ዞባዊ፡ናይከባቢምወላንማህደረትምህርቲምፍላጥ

• ትምህርታዊስልጠናንናይስራሕዕዳጋዝምልከት፡ምስቀንዲተወዳደርቲተሓዝቲገንዘብ፡መርበባዊመደብ(ስትራተጂ)ንምግባርምፍላጥ

• ኣብሞንጎስደተኛታትዑቕበኛታትንናይትምህርቲኣሃዱታት፡ማሕበራዊኣጠማምታንዘለዎምንግድታትንብሓባርዝሰርሑኣባላት፡ወከልቲናይንግዲማሕበራትንማሕበራውያንዉድባትምድላውናይንጥፈታትመርበብምምሃር

• ኣብናይስራሕዕዳጋዝድለተመሳሳልነትዘለዎምክእለታትንስራሓትንምፍላጥ

• ንምጅማርንምቕጻልንትምህርቲ፡ብዛዕባሃገራዊ፡ዞባውንናይከባቢምወላንማህደረትምህርቲምፍላጥ

• ብመንገዲጥበባትስልጠና፡ንስደተኛታትንዑቕበኛታትንኣብምቕጻልትምህርቶምዝዕንቅፎምንዘተባብዎምእንታይእዩምፍላጥ

III. ፈተነኣዊ ዉጽኢታት ንመምህራን ናይ ዓበይቲ• ንዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትናይትምህርትንስራሕድልየታቶም

ንምድጋፍ፡ሓይሊናይመርበብምስቀንዲተወዳደርቲተሓዝቲገንዘብኣብዉሽጢጥዕናን፡ማሕበራዊዕዳጋታትተመክሮምርካብ

• ንናይዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትናይትምህርቲቀጻልነትድልየታትንተስፋታትንምኽባር

• ንናይዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትናይትምህርቲትምኒታትንምድጋፍ፡ኣገዳስነትዘለዎናይስልጠናጥበባትምትግባር.

ጽርዬትትምህርቲ ዘይማዕርነትምጉዳል

ግቡእስራሕንአኮኖሚያዊዕብየትን

ጾታዊማዕርነት

ሀክሳጎን 2. ፍቕሪ ሰብን ተቐባልነትን

ምብርታዕ ስደተኛታትን ዑቕበኛታትን ንቐጻሊ መጽናዕትታት

20

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድIV. ጊዜን ንውሓትን ናይ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድ• 12ሶሙናት፡ምሉእጊዜ-6ሳዓትማዓልታዊ.

V. ሓፈሻዊ ንንጥፈታት ዘድልዩ• ቶርጎምቲ• ዕላዊዝኾነትምህርታዊንልምምዳዊጉዕዞንድፊስነትምህርቲ• ምስራዕናይስልጠናንምምራሕንክፍለግዝያት(ዕብየትናይስልጠና

ኣብነትኣብታሕቲ)• ንስኩላንዘርሕብቦታ(ኣድራሻ)• ንመምህራንናይዓበይቲትምህርታዊደረጃ፡ካብB2ክሳብC1• ምስክርነትኣብታሕቲተመልከት

መወከሲኣብገጽ21ተመልከት

VI. ትሕዝቶናይ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድ• ትምህርታዊንልምምዳዊስርዓት፡ፖሊስንፍጻመኡን• ኣማራጺትምህርታዊስርዓታት• ስነኣእምራዊመጽናዕቲናይተበግሶንውድቀትን

• ናይስልጠናኣብነታት• መርበባዊክእለታት፡ንተሳታፍነትምስቀንዲተወዳደርቲተሓዝቲ

ገንዘብኣብዉሽጢትምህርታውን/ልምምዳውን፡ናይሸቓሎዕዳጋታክህሉ

• ንናይድህሰሳዊመደባትንንናይልምምድማሕበራትንምብጻሕንውዱብክእለታትክህሉ

• መባእታዊናይኮምፕዩተርፍልጠት• ሓያልነትን፡ድኽመታትን፡ዕድላትን፡ምፍርራሓትዝኣመሰሉ፣ነቲንናይ

ውልቅንቤተሰብንገደባትንተኽእሎታትንንመጻኢትምህርቲ(ፍልጠት)እንታይይኽልክሎምእንታይ’ከየተባብዎምምፍላጥ።

VII. ስነ ኣገባብን ኣገባባ

ኣካፋሊ፡ጾታዊሚዛንዘለዎ፡ናይብዙሕወለዶታት፡ባህላዊብዙሕነትንንኣብመሰላትዝተመርኮሰኣቀራርባ።

ንምምራሕ ንጥፈት፡ እቲናይዕብየት(GROW)ናይስልጠናኣብነትተጠቐም:

GROW (ዕላማታት፡ ፍተሻ ውዱዕ ኩነነት፡ ኣማራጺታት፡ ኣጣቓላሊ) ናይ ልምምድ ኣብነት

ሕቶታት ንዑቕበኛታትን ስደተኛታት

ዕላማታት-እቲዑቕበኛወይስደተኛ፡እቲዕላማእንታይከምዝኸዉንባዕሉይውስን

እንታይዓይነትመጽናዕትታትንልምምዳትዘተባባዓካ?ኣበየናይደረጃክትበጽሕ(ክትጎናጸፍ)ትደሊ?ብመሰረትመጽናዕትኻእንታይከትጎናጸፍትደሊ?

ፍተሻውዱዕኩነነት-እቲዑቕበኛወይስደተኛነቲኩነታትየማዛዝን

ኣብትውልዲሃገርካእንታይዓይነትመጽናዕትታት(ትምህርትታት)ወይስልጠናታትወሲድካ?ንክትመሃርወይንመጻኢትምህርታዊዕድልንምርካብከቢድዝገብሮእንታይእዩ?እንታይተጽዕኖ’ኸእዚይገብረልካ?ብዛዕባህሉውኩነታትካመንይፈልጥ?ንመጻኢትምህርቲንምቕጻልኣብትገብሮጻዕርታትእንታይዓይነትደገፍትደሊ?

ኣማራጺታት-እቲዑቕበኛወይስደተኛሓደኣማራጺይመርጽ

ክሳብሕጂ’ኸእንታይገርካብዛዕባእዚ?ካብዚዝተፈልየእንታይክትገብርትኽእል?ብዛዕባእዚኩነታትካልእንመንክትዛረብትኽእል?ኣብነታዊውጽኢትዝበሃልእንታይይመስል?ናብቲዉጽኢትንምብጻሕብኸመይክትሕገዝትኽእል?

ብምጥቕላልእቲዑቕበኛ፡ስደተኛንከምኡእውንመምህርናይዓበይቲ፡ኣገባባትናይመጻእንምክትታልንይሰማምዑ

ሕጂእንታይክትገብርኢልካትሓስብ?እቶምቀዳሞትስጉምትታትእንታይክኾኑይግባእ?በዞምቀዳሞትስጉምትታትመዓስክትጅምርኢልካትሓስብ?እንታይዕንቅፋትከጋጥምይኽእል?ሓደስቲዕንቅፋታትንምግጣምከመይክትቀራረብትኽእል?ብኸመይመንገዲክትሕገዝትደሊ?ዳግምመዓስክንራኸብንኽእል?

ኣጥቢቕካ-ተኽእሎዘለዎኮማዊባዓላትምድላውን:• ስልጠናዝቕርቡ፡ብዛዕባዘቕርቡዎመጽናዕቲናብኡንምእታውዘድሊ

ደረጃቛንቛንክእለታትንምዝርራብ።• ናይከባቢማሕበራውያንኣማኸርቲ፡ብሓባርዝሰርሑኣባላት፡

ንዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትጉቡእዝኾነስራሕንምርካብወይናቶምማሕበራዊሓባራዊስራሓትንምምስራት፣እንታይዓይነትስልጠናንክእለታትየድልዮም።

21

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድVIII. ዉጺኢታትመምህርናይዓበይቲ:• ነቲክብድዝበለወግዓውንዘይወግዓዊስርዓተትምህርቲናይሞግዚት

ሃገር፣ብቅልልዝበለመንገዲክገልጽክኽእል።• ናይቲኣቀዲሙካብትምህርቲዝተሰናበተስነኣእምራዊኩነት

ብምፍላጥ፡ናብምህርቲክምለሱ/ክምለሳዘተባቡዑመኽንያትምልላይ።

• ንዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትናይትምህርቲቀጻልነትዝኽልክሉንዘተባብዑንዉሽጣውያንንግዳማዉያንመኽንያታትምፍላጥ።

• ንዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትናይትምህርቲቀጻልነቶምዝኽልክሉንዘተባብዑንዉሽጣውያንንግዳማዉያንመኽንያታትምፍላጥ።

• ምስዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትብምስራሕንቀጻልነትናይትምህርትታቶምዝገትኡመኽንያታትከመይገርካትሰግሮም።

• ምስዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትብምስራሕትምህርቶምንኽቕጽሉዝድግፉኣተባባዕቲመኽንያታትከምዝህልዎምምግባር።

• ከመይገርካዕዉትመርበባዊንጥፈታትኣብሞንጎዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታት፣ናይትምህርቲትካላትንናይከባቢማሕበራውያንንግድታት፡ብሓባርዝሰርሑኣባላትን፡ናይንግዲማሕበራትወከልትን፡ማሕበራውንዉድባትትዉድብ።

IX. ገምጋም• ንቀጻልነትትምህርቲዝግደሱብዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትዝሕተትናይ

ስልጠናክፍለግዚያት።• ዕዉትዝኾነምዝገባናይዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትንቀጻልነትትምህርቲ

ኣብዉሽጢማሕበረኮሞም።• ዉዱብንዕዉትጎስጓሳትንኣቕረብቲልምምዳት(ስልጠናታት)ኣብ

ማእከልማሕበረኮማት።• ኣቕረብቲልምምዳት(ስልጠናታት)ኣብማእከልማሕበረኮማት

ተዓዲሞም።• ንዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትብኣባላትናይንግዲማሕበራት፡

ማሕበራውያንንናይቁጠባዉድባትዝቐረበስልጠና።

• ብስሩዕናይስልጠናክፍለግዝያትምክፋሎም።• ንዓበይቲዑቕበኛታትንስደተኛታትምስማሕበራውያንንጥፈታትን፡

ብሓባርዝሰርሑኣባላትን፡ዘይመንግስታውያንውድባትርክብምግባር።

X. መወከሲታትደረጃኤዉሮፓዊቋንቋ-መስርዕዉልቀግምገማ።http://europass.cedefop.europa.eu/sites/default/files/cefr-en.pdf

ስልጠናንምስትምሃርንምምሃርን።http://www.ncl.ac.uk/cflat/news/documents/5414_CfT_ FINALWeb.pdfhttp://www.discoveryinaction.com.au/latest-news/classic-coaching-questions-using-grow/

ትምህርታውያንስርዓታት።ISCEDመምርሒስራሕመጽሓፍ:መምርሒታትንሃገራዊትምህርቲመደባትንምስኡዝዛመድብቕዓታት።http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/isced-2011-operational-manual_9789264228368-en

ትምህርቲብቆላሕታ2015:OECDIndicatorshttp://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2015_eag-2015-enእንታይኢዮምእቶምመኽሰባትናይISCED2011ኣብፍልጠትሓበርቲዝኾኑቀጸላታትምግባር?ፍልጠትሓበርቲኣብኣቶኩሮኣርእስቲጉዳይቁጽሪ36,ብኤትየኒኣልቢሰርከምኡእውንኤሪክካርቦኒየር።http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/what-are-the-benefits-of-isced-2011-classification-for-indicators-on-education_5jrqgdw9k1lr-en

22

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድ

ደረጃ ገና ዘይለመዱ

ኣርእስቲትምህርቲ• ምርድዳእ

• ክትዕምድንፋዕንቓንቓን• ፖሊቲካዊ፣ብህላዊ፣ሃይማኖታዊ• መንነትንጾታን

ዕላማቀጻልነትዘለዎምዕባለ ጽርየት ትምህርቲ፣ጾታዊ ማዕርነት፣ ፍልልይ ምጽባብ

ንውሓትስልጠና 8x6ሰዓታትሙሉእጊዜወይ16x3ሰዓታትፍርቂጊዜ

1.1 መግለጺ ኣሃዱ፣ዕላማ`ዚሞዱል`ዚክእለትክትዕመምህራንኣማዕቢሉ፣ዝተሓላለኹኣርእስትታትንምፍታሽዝሕግዝእዩ።ንኣብነትብዛዕባኣፈላላይኣብክሊዕድመ፣ስንክልና፣ዓሌት/ዘርኢ፣ዜግነት፣አትኒካዊመበቆል፣ሃይማኖት፣እምነትዘይምህላው፣ጾታ፣ጾታዊዝምባለወዘተ።እዚፍልልያት`ዚኣብካምፖታትይኹንኣብውሽጢኮማትምስዝርአግጭትከስዕብይኽእል።መምህራንድማህዝቢብምስታፍካብ`ዚግጭት`ዚንምንጋፍኣፍልጦየድልዮም።ኣብከምዚዓይነትግጭትዝኽሰትናይሰባትጥርባያትምልላይድማኣገዳሲይኸውን።

1.2 ካብዚ ትምህርቲ`ዚ ዝርከቡ ክብርታት፥-• ሓቅነት• ነቲካልእምርዳእ• ባህልታትምቅብባል• ምምዕባልምትእምማን• እሙንምኻን• ማሕበራዊስጥመት• ንዘረባካልኦትምድማጽ

II. ትምህርታዊ ውጽኢት• መረዳእታናይዝተፈላለዩደረጃታትጽልኢን፣ብኸመይናብዝለዓለ

ጥርዞምክድይቡከምዝኽሉን።• ንምይግራንትንስደተኛታትንዘጋጥምኣብጽልኢዝተሞርኮሰግፍዒን

ኣፈላላይንምርዳእ።• ብዛዕባኣፈላላይዝምልከትተነካኢምልልሳትብኸመይክእለዩ

ከምዝኽእሉምፍላጥ።• ግቡእክትዓትገርካንዘይድለዩጠባያትኣፈላልይተረዲእካምዝሓሎም።• ኣምርሰንሰለታዊጽልኢብምጥቃምካብውልቃዊክሳብኮማዊ

በብዓይነቱጽልኢምንካይ።

III. ፈተነኣዊ ዉጽኢታት ንመምህራን ናይ ዓበይቲ• ዝተፈላለዩደረጃታትጽልኢንምግጣምንንምንካይንዝግበርፈተነ

ምግምጋም።• ኣፈላላይንምግጣም፣ዓቕምንርእሰ-ተኣማንነትንማይግራንትን

ስደተኛታትንምምዕባል።• ውልቃዊክብርንስነሓሳብንኣንጻርኣፈላላይዓሚቕተገዳስነት

ምጥራይ።

IV. ጊዜን ሰዓታትን ስልጠና፣-• 8x6ሰዓታትምሉእጊዜወይ16x3ሰዓታትፍርቂጊዜ።

V. ቅድመ ኩነት ስልጠና፣• ንስንኩላንምቹእነትዘለዎመሰልጠኒቦታ።• ንቅድመንድሕረንገምጋምስልጠናዘገልግልሰነዳት።• ውሑስንዘይሻራውንቦታ።• ደረጃቓንቓንመምህራንንማይግራንትንስደተኛታትን፣መወከሲኣብገጽ24ርአ

VI. ትሕዝቶ ስልጠና• ትርጉምቃላትምግምጋም፣-ዘርኢ/ዓሌት-አትኒክ-ባህሊ-ውሕዱነት-

ብዙሕነት-ዘርኣዊንኡሳንጉጅለታት።• ዓሌትነት፣-ትርጉም-ባህርይ-ጠባያት።• ንጽልእንዓለታዊጠባያትንንምግጣምዝትግበርክትዕ• ኣገባብ`ፕይራሚድኦፍሄይት`።

ጽርዬትትምህርቲ ዘይማዕርነትምጉዳል

ጾታዊማዕርነት

ሀክሳጎን 4. ተረድኦን ተኻፋልነትን

ጸረ -ኣፈላላልይ ምግጣም ክእለታት

23

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድVII. ኣገባብ ኣመሃህራ• ኣሳታፊ፣ምምዕባልንጹርኣተሃስባ፣ማዕረጾታዊተሳታፍነት፣ዕድመዘይፈሊ፣ኣበርክቶተመሃራርይዘተባብዕ፣ብዝሐባህልንመሰልንዝሰረቱኣቀራርባ።• ነፍስወከፍስልጠና20-25ተኽፈልቲይህልውዎ።• ኣገባብ፥*Thepyramidofhatehttps://sfi.usc.edu/education/pyramid/exercise.php

Vምጽናት፣

ኮነኢልካንሓደዓሌትምጽናት

IVጭካነ፣-

ኣንጻር ሰባት• ምፍርራሕ፣• ምጥቃዕ፣• ምርዓድ፣• ምሕራድኣንጻር ንብረት• ምቅጻል፣• መቓብርወይቤትጸሎትምርኻስ

IIIኣፈላላይ

• ኣብስራሕምቑጻር፣• ኣብመንበሪገዛምሃብ፣• ኣብትምህርቲ• ኣብዓለት፡ሃይማኖት፣ዜግነት፣ጾታዝተሞርኮሰምፍርራሕ

IIጽልኢ

Iጌጋ ኣረኣእያታት

• ብንዕቐትምጥማት፣• ዘነኣእሱጸወታታትዘይምብዳህ፣• ድኽመታትንፍሉያትጉጅለምልጋብ።

*እምባጽልኢብኣንቲ-ዲፈመሽንሊግዝማዕበለኮይኑንዎርልድኦፍዲፈረንስዝተዳለወካሪኩሉምኢዩ።ንሱድማብምትሕብባርእቲሊግንዩአስሲሾዋህፋውንደሽንንኮይኑኣብቪድዮምስክርነትዝተመስረተኢዩ።

• ምጽራፍ፣• ምንሻው፣

• ማሕበራዊምግላል/ምንጻል፣

• መነኣኣሲዘረባታት

24

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድVIII. ውጺኢታትመምህራንዘጥርዩዎምተኽእሎታት፣-• ንማይግራንትስስደተናታትን፣ኣብስራሕ-ከምኣህከኽቲ-ህዝባዊ

ኣኣገልግሎታት-ምግዛእወይምክራይገዛንዘጋጥሞምጸገማትምርዳእ።

• ምልላይኣብጽልኢዝተመርኮሱግፍዕታት።• ማይግራንትንስደተኛታትንጸብጻብዘጋጥሞምግፍዕታትከቕርቡ

ምሕጋዝ።• ብርጡብክትዕኣቢልካናይጽልኢጠባያትብኸመይከምዝልስልሱ

ምርዳእ።• ጽልኢንምእላይክእለትኣዘርርባምጥቃም።• ፒራሚድሀትገርካመረዳእታምቕራብንብውልቅንብኮምን

ስጉምትታትከምዝግበርምትብባዕ።

IX. ግምገማ፣-• ዓሌትነትንጽልኢንንምእላይብመምህራን፣ማይግራንት፣ስደተኛታት

ብኸመይተበግሶይውሰድ።• ብግሉጽብምዝራብዓሌትነትንጽልኢንምብዳህ።• ጽልእንጌጋኣረኣእያታትንንምግጣምፒራሚድኦፍሀትኣብኮማዊ

ማእከላትዝርጋሐከምዝህልዎምግባር።

X. ምስክር.Dialogue and Civic Engagement Certificate: Effective GroupFacilitation - Simon Fraser Universityhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxyXSiau1UY

Discrimination - your rightshttps://www.gov.uk/discrimination-your-rights/types-of-discrimination

European language levels - Self Assessment Gridhttp://europass.cedefop.europa.eu/sites/default/files/cefr-en.pdf

Erasmus+ project Belieforama. Partnership led by CEJI: A Jewish Contribution to an Inclusive Europe. Partners: Bulgaria Foundation, Institute for International Co-operation of the German Adult Education Association; Multifaith Centre UK; People Can, UK: Institutul Intercultural Timisoara, Rumani; Institute of Cultural Affairs, Spain.http://belieforama.eu/

Facilitationskillshttp://www.intergroupresources.com/facilitation-skills/http://www.ica-international.org/top-facilitation/

Little Book of Dialogue for Difficult Subjects (Little Books of Justice & Peacebuilding) by Lisa Schirch (ISBN: 9781561485512)

Ponterrotto, J.G., Utsey, S.O., Pedersen, P.B. (2006) 2nd ed. Preventing Prejudice. A guide for Counselors, Educators and Parents. London, Sage.

Pyramid of Hate - Anti-Defamation Leaguehttp://archive.adl.org/education/courttv/pyramid_of_hate.pdf

25

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድ

ደርጃ ዝተመሓደሩ

ኣርእስቲ፥• ቀጻሊጥጡሕ

መነባብሮ

• ኮማዊንግዳዊተበግሶኣብሃገርስደትንመበቆልሃገርን

ዕላማታትቀጻሊምዕባለ

ጽቡቅ ጥዕና፣ሓላፍነታዊ ማእቶትን ህልከትን፣ዘሮ ጥሜት፣ክሊማዊ

ትኹረት፣ጾታዊ ማዕርነት፣ ዝነከየ ፍልልይ

ጊዜንንውሓትንስልጠና

8x6ሰዓታትምሉእጊዜወይ16x3ሰዓታትፍርቂጊዜ

1.1 መግለጺ ኣሃዱ፦ብውግእዝተጠቕዐማሕበረሰብሳዕቤኑ-ቅልውላውን፣አኮኖምያውዘምርግጋእንእዩ።እዚስልጠና`ዚመምህራንዕሙቕዝበለፍልጠትብምቕሳምንምዕባለማሕበረሰባትንሃገራትንይሕግዞም።ከእቲምጂኦግራፊ፣አኮኖሚ፣ፖሊቲካ፣ማሕበራዊኣብናብራዝህልዎምጽልዋመረዳእታይርከብ።ብግብራዊስጉምትታትዝተሰነየድማኢዩ።እቲዕላማ፣ደቂሰባትጉዳዮምብኸመይይቆጻጸሩንምዕጣቕእዩ።

1.2 ካብዚ እሃዱ`ዚ ዝጥረዩ ክብርታት፣-• ርዝነት• ሕድሕድምድልላይ• ግሉጽነት• ማዕርነት• ተኣማንነት• እሙንምኻን• ቅንዕና• ሓላዪ• ዘይስሱዕነት• ምድንጋጽ• ሓቓፍነት• ዘለካምክፋል

II. ትምህርታዊ ውጽኢት ስልጠና• ኩነታትኣብድሕረ-ግጭትዘለዋሃገራትምፍላጥንምዝርራብን።• እቶምናብንቡርከምልሱከዐቅቡንዝኽእሉረቓሒታትምልላይ።• ኣብከባብንጥጡሕናብራንዘሎዝምድናምትንታን።

III. ተመክሮኣዊ ውጽኢት ስልጠና• ካብግጭትዝወጻሃገራትካልእክብርታትንኣገባብአኮኖሚን

ምህላዎምምስትብሃል።• ምሉእጥዕናዘለዎናብራንምክያድጎስጋስምግባር።• ናይከባቢብከላሳዕቤንመረዳእታንምሃብግብራዊስጉምቲምሳድ።• ዘራእቲኣሕምልቲዝጅመረሉስጉምቲምሳድ።

IV. ጊዜን ሰዓታትን ስልጠና• 8x6ሰዓታትምሉእጊዜወይ16x3ሰዓታትፍርቂጊዜ

V. ሓፈሻዊ ቅድመ ኩነት ስልጠና• ንስንኩላንከይተረፈዘአንግድመምሃሪቦታ።• ንቅድመንድሕረንስልጠናመምዘኒዘገልግልሰለዳት።• ቁጽሪሰልጠንቲኣብሓደጊዜ፥20• ቓንቓደረጃተኻፈልቲ፥ቢ2-ሲ2፣ገጽ27ተመልከት

*መወከሲገጽ27ተመልከት።

ጾታዊማዕርነት

ሀክሳጎን 5. ተኻፋልነትን ማሕበርዊ ትካልን

ዘኣቒ ኣነባብራ ብመገዲ ኮማዊ ትካላት

ዘይማዕርነትምጉዳል

ጽቡቕጥዕናንህልውናን

ትኩረትክሊማ

ዘሮጥሜትሓላፍነታዊህልከትን

ኣፍራይነትን

26

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድVI. ትሕዝቶ ኣሃዱ 4፦• ትርጉምኣነባብራንርጉእኣነባብራን

• Sንምንባርዘድልዩብቕዓት፡ነገራውንማሕበራውንንዋታትንንጥፈታትን

• መኣስእዩናብራጥጡሕዝበሃል• ንምጥቃዕቲቅሉዕምኻን

• ስንባደ-ተፈጥሮኣዊሓደጋታት፡ድርቂ፡ኩናትሕድሕድ፡ቁጠባዊቅልውላው

• ከባብያዊኩነታት-ዓለምለኻዊሙቐት፡ኣብዝሓህዝቢ፡ስደት/ፍልሰት፡ሕማማት

• ወቅታዊምቅይያር• ንዋታትመነባብሮ

• ተፈጥሮኣዊሃብቲ፡ክእለትን/ፍልጠትን• ሰብኣዊርእሰማል፡ተፈጥሮኣዊርእሰማል፡ኣካላዊርእሰማል(ትሕተ

ቅርጺ-ግድባት/ሕርሻመስኖ)፡ቁጠባዊርእሰማል፡ማሕበራዊርእሰማል(ዝምድናታት-ዓሌት-እንዳታት)

• ኣብቅርጽንከይዲንለውጢምምጻእ-• ቅርጺታት

• ደርጃምሕደራ• ብሕታዊጽላት• ትካላት

• ከይዲታት• ሕግታት• ፖሊሲታት• ባህሊ

• ነዞምዝስዕቡውጽኢትንምምጻእዝግበርጻዕሪ• ዝያዳእቶት• ምምሕያሽጥዕና• ካብተጠቃዕነትምድሓን

• ዝተመሓየሸእቶትመግቢ• ተጥሮኣዊሃብቲብግቡእምጥቃም

• ተጠቃዕነትንተጻዋርነትን• ዋሕዲንብረትተጠቃዕነትከምዘዛይድ• .ስንባደድማንሰባትንብረቶምየጥፍእኣሎም

• ድሕሪግጭትዝግበርምትዕርራይ• ናይኣነባብራሜላ• ዓይነትናብራ• ትካላትከባቢ• ውጽኢትናብራ

VII. ኣገባባት፦• ኣሳታፊ፡ንጹርእተሓሳስባ፡ጾታዊማዕርነት፡ዕድመዘይቨሊ፡ባህሊ

ዘይፈሊ፡ኣብመሰልዝሰረቱኣቀርቅርባ።

• ደረጃ 1።ኣብ ዝርርብ ዘድሃበን ኮማዊ ተሳትፎ ዘለዎን• ኣድላይኣርእስትታትብእኩብምዝርራብን፡ኣብሃገርስደትን

መበቆልሃገርንዘሎዘላቒናብራኩነታትምርኣይን• ተመክሮምልውዋጥ።

• ደረጃ 2 ። ኣብ ግብሪ ዘድሃበ ንጥፈታት• ኣሳታፊዎክሾፕብምክያድSMARTፕላንምድላው• ተበግሶንዘላቒናብራዘስተምህርቪድዮታትምቕራብ

• ደረጃ 3 ። ኣብ ምትግባር ዘድሃበ ንጥፈታት• ሓምላዊተበግሶኣብኮም• ኣፍልጦከባብያዊብከላምስትምሃር• መደብኣሕምልቲምብቃልምምዳብ• ኣብምዕቃብመሬትንትሕዝቶመረትንምንጣፍ።

• ቁጽሪሰልጠንቲ• 15-20እንተበዝሐ።

VIII. ውጽኢታት፦መማህራንክገብርዎዝኽእሉ፦• ዓሚቕፍልጠትብዛዕባ

• ንናብራጸለውቲዝኾኑአኮኖሚያዊ፡ከባብያዊ፡ማሕበራዊሓደጋታት/ማሕበረሰብዝልውጡ

• ትካላዊ፡ፖሊቲካዊ፡ንግዳዊጉዳያት።• ኣፍልጦብዛዕባዝተፈላለዩናብራዘመሓይሹተፈጥሮኣዊሃብቲ።• ዝርርብ፡ግብርንመደብንዘድሃበንጥፈታትምውዳብ።• ምስማይግራንትንስደተኛታትንብምትሕብባርንጹርስትራተጂ

ምቕያስ።• ብኮምዝብገስሓምላይናይኣሕምልቲጀራዲንምውዳብ።

27

መርኣያ ኣሃዱኣዊ ልምምድIX. ግምገማ፣• ኣብሃገርስደትንመበቆልሃገርንዘሎፍልልይኣረኣእያናብራ

ምውድዳር።• ኣብተፈጥሮኣዊጸጋዝተመርኮሰኣነባብራዝገልጽናይ1500ቃላት

ጽሑፍ።• ኣብመበቆልሃገርብዛዕባዘላቂናብራዝውሰዱተበግሶታትብጽሑፍ

ኣብነታትምሃብ።• ኣብነታትዕዉትሓምላይተበግሶታትኣብውሽጢማይግራንትን

ስደተኛታትን።• ኣብምፍራይመግብንጉዳይከባብንዝውሰዱተበግሶታትኣብነታት

ምሃብ።

X. መወከሲታትEuropeanlanguagelevels-SelfAssessmentGridhttp://europass.cedefop.europa.eu/sites/default/files/cefr-en.pdf

Building livelihood in Central Somaliahttps://youtu.be/L91orLQBFys& WATER

Building livelihood in Central Somalia https://youtu.be/L91orLQBFys

Council of Foreign Relations Global Conflict Tracker

http://www.cfr.org/global/global-conflict-tracker/p32137#!/

Erasmus Mundus project 'Enhancing studies and practices of the social and solidarity economy'. York St John University (2012-2015). Partnership: York St John University: Meredith, M. & Quiroz-Nino, C. (Coords); Mondragon University:, Spain: Arando,S. Centre African Studies, Portugal: Coelho, L.S., Silva, M.F. & University San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Peru: Villafuerte Pezo, A.M. https://www.yorksj.ac.uk/socialeconomy/

ኣብ ሶርያ ዘጋጠመ ምብራስ ሳዕርን ኣእዋምን ከም ጠንቂ ውግእhttp://www.theecologist.org/News/news_analysis/2871076/overgrazing_and_desertification_in_the_syrian_steppe_are_the_ root_causes_of_war.html

Improvinglivesthroughsafewater&betterhealthhttp://www.foroneanother.org/

Project Wadi Attir: A model of Sustainable Desert Community in Northern Negevhttp://www.sustainabilitylabs.org/ecosystem-restoration/soil-rehabilitation/

Regional Sustainable land and Water Management for Africa http://terrafrica.org

The Yeheb Project of Initiatives of Change UKhttp://yeheb.org/

Young, H. & Goldman, L (2015) Livelihoods, Natural and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding, Livelihoods, Natural Resources and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding, New York, Routledge.

ማይግራንትን ስደተኛታትን ከም ዳግመ ሃነጽቲ

ጥቕሲ`ዘይተማህረ ነየድሕን ዘይተወቕረ ነየጥሕን`

ትግርኛ ያታዊ ምሳሌ