Interveinal or uniform chlorosis Leaflet tip necrosis Dark green spots accompany chlorosis

on some species Affects youngest leaves only

Symptoms for Lady palms and Licuala sp.

Notice green small green spots and intervienal chlorosis

Notice green small green spots and intervienal chlorosis

New leaves may emerge uniformly chlorotic

New leaves may emerge uniformly chlorotic

Severe Fe deficiency. Notice leaf tip necrosis.

Severe Fe deficiency. Notice leaf tip necrosis.

Insufficient nutrients in the soil Nutrients in unavailable form

pH too high or too low Complexation with phosphates or organic

matter Nutrient imbalance

Manganese deficiency is due to insufficient amount in soil

Manganese deficiency is due to insufficient amount in soil

Insufficient amounts in soil

Nutrient imbalance (due to wrong fertilizer)

Mg deficiencies caused by nutrient imbalances (except for P. canariensis).

K-deficiencies cannot be corrected by adding K alone.

Fe and Mn are also antogonists.

Root problems Root rot diseases Poor soil aeration Improper planting depth

The paurotis palm on the right was suffering from severe Fe deficiency, despite the fact that the grower was treating them with micronutrients.

Too Low Nutrient Deficiency

Too High Soluble salts injury

Proper fertilization Good soil aeration Proper planting depth Proper soil pH

Appropriate fertilizer analysis: Field production or landscape:

8-2-12-4Mg plus micronutrients Effective sources

Alkaline field or landscape soils: N, K,& Mg – 100 controlled released sulfate or chelated (Fe only) micronutrients

Balanced released characteristics for all nutrients

N: S-coated urea, urea-formaldehyde, resin-coated urea or ammonium salts

K: S-coated potassium sulfate Mg: Coated or uncoated prilled kieserite Fe: Trachelene Fe, FeEDDHA (138), not

suitable for blending in granular fertilizers Mn: manganese sulfate (TechMangam) B: Solubor, borax, boric acid

Fertilizer A Fertilizer BFertilizer A Fertilizer B

Fertilizer A Fertilizer BFertilizer A Fertilizer B

Fertilizer A Fertilizer BFertilizer A Fertilizer B

Fertilizer A Fertilizer BFertilizer A Fertilizer B

Field production or landscape: Broadcasting – good Banding – bad Fertigation –maybe,

but… Soil injection - bad