Scarlet FeverBy

Fernando PuertasRogelio Melendez

Omar Amaya

Scarlet Fever

Infectious illness caused by a group A streptococcus (GAS) bacterium that affects the lower respiratory system

Develops from strep throat Also known as "scarlatina"

Etiology

Agent: Streptococcus pyogenes Gram staining: positive (+) Morphology: chained cocci (circles) Endospores: none Toxins

› Streptolysin O› Streptolysin S› Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (and C)

aerobic non-motile

Epidemiology

Outbreak:› Most recent was on 2008-2009 › Lasted a period of 42 weeks › Reported almost 400 cases by the Health

Protection Agency Most commonly seen on:

› 5-12 y/o children› late winter› early summer

Transmission

Direct contact with mucus from nose Fluid from nose Infected saliva

Clinical Manifestation/Symptoms Begins with a rash that shows red bumps The rash lasts about 2-7 days After the rash is gone the skin on the tip of

the fingers and toes peel. A flush face with a pale area around the

face. A red and sore throat that can have white

or yellow patches . Fevers of 101 degrees or higher. Swollen glands in the neck.

Diagnostics

Check for the rash Swab the back of the throat Check the tongue and tonsils

Treatment

Use of antibiotics such as:› Penicillin › Erythromycin › Ibuprofen for symptom relief

Avoid the use aspirin in children younger than 16

Prevention

Wash your hands often and Avoid sharing

› eating utensils › Linens› Towels› other personal items.

There is no vaccine to prevent strep throat or scarlet fever.

Children with scarlet fever or strep throat should stay home at least for 24 hours after starting antibiotics.

Citations

http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/scarlet_fever.html

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/scarletfever_g.htm

http://scienceblogs.com/aetiology/2011/07/06/scarlet-fever-in-hong-kong/

http://www.cdc.gov/features/scarletfever/ http://

www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1146944/Cases-scarlet-fever-reach-highest-level-decade.html

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/s/scarlet_fever/stats.htm