牛津高中英语牛津高中英语

( 模块二 · 高一上学期 )

Grammar and usage

Unit 3Unit 3

Past perfect tense

Unit 3Unit 3

课件描述：

以观察—发现—讨论—归纳—运用为主要教学模式，充分利用本单元语言素材，通过多种图示和语法规则的呈现，让学生比较全面系统地掌握过去完成时的用法、一般过去时与过去完成时的用法区别及现在完成时与过去完成时的用法区别。

Lead-in

• What’s the topic of Unit 3?

• How many amazing people have we read about in this unit? Who are they?

• Can you tell me something about Howard Carter?

Lead-in

• Upon their entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which he had left in Cairo, was swallowed by a snake.

• What verb tenses are used in the sentence?

Past perfect tense

• How can we form the past perfect?

• Reread “The curse of the mummy” and underline the sentences in which the past perfect tense is used.

had + verb-ed

• By the 1920s, he had become an …

• Upon their entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which he had left in Cairo, was swallowed by a snake.

• A few months after Carter had opened the tomb, ...

• …

Past perfect tense

The usage of the past perfect

Upon their entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which he had left in Cairo, was swallowed by a snake.

Carter left his lucky pet bird in Cairo.

Carter’s lucky pet bird was swallowed by a snake.

Past Present

The usage of the past perfect

Past Present

The past perfect tense shows us “ 过 去 的 过去” .

Past

Summary: The past perfect tense is often used with the simple past tense. If one action happens before another in the past, the past perfect tense is used.

The usage of the past perfect

“We hid the entrance to the tomb,” said Carter.Carter said that they had hidden the entrance to the tomb.

Past Present

They hid the entrance to the tomb.

Carter said that they had hidden the entrance to the tomb.

Summary: The past perfect tense is often used to refer to an action that had already happened at the time of speaking.

The usage of the past perfect

I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum.

Past Present

I had done my homework this morning.

I went to the museum.

Summary: The use of the past perfect tense simply indicates that an action comes before another past action. It does not mean that the past action happened a long time ago.

The usage of the past perfect

By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.

Past Present

He had become an explorer. The 1920s

Summary: The past perfect tense is often used with time expressions such as when, after, before, as soon as, until, by, for and already.

Another amazing person—Amelia Earhart

What happened to her?

Read the notes about Amelia Earhart on Page 49.

Practice

Complete the story on Page 49.

Amelia Earhart was born on 24 July 1897. She had an exciting childhood. Before she moved to Des Moines, she ⑴_____already _____ her first airplane. She ⑵_____ to Chicago, six years later.

She worked as a nurse in the First World War and became interested in flying. She ⑶______ already _______ flying lessons before she bought her first plane .

Then her interest in flying really began to grow. In 1929, she organized an air race for women. A year earlier, she ⑷______________ the first woman air passenger to fly across the Atlantic.

had seenmoved

hadtaken

had become

She married George Putnam in 1931. They ⑸_________ three years before when he interviewed her in New York. In 1932, she became the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic. On 1 June 1937, she ⑹____________ her round-the-world flight. The flight went well in June. She reached New Guinea on the 29th. She ⑺_____________ flying nearly a month earlier.

When the base tried to get in touch with Amelia at 9.30 p.m. 0n 2 July 1937, she ⑻_____ already ________ missing.

had met

began

had started

had gone

The simple past tense or the past perfect tense?

When the Titanic was built, people assumed it would never sink. So, when it sank on its first journey the news (1)__________(surprise) everyone greatly. The Titanic was built in Belfast, Ireland. Its makers (2)_________(spend) a great deal of money building the extraordinary ship. When it was finished, it was the largest and most comfortable ship ever built. The Titanic set sail on 10 April 1912. ‘I (3) _________ (want) to set foot on the Titanic ever since it was built,’ said Molly Brown, a Titanic survivor. ‘I never imagined it would sink!’ On 13 April, the Titanic was sailing at full speed towards New York.

surprised

spent

had wanted

The captain, who (4)_____________(receive) warnings about icebergs all day, had missed the warnings as they (5)__________(arrive).

At 2.20 a.m., the Titanic sank into the sea. It (6) __________(hit) an iceberg just over two hours before. Of the 2,208 people aboard the ship, only 705 (7)___________(survive).

Explorer Robert Ballard (8) __________(search) for the Titanic for more than 20 year before he found it. ‘When new technology was developed, we (9)________(use) it to send cameras down into sea. Finally, we found the ship.’ With his cameras, he was able to find the hole along the side of the ship which (10) __________(cause) it to fill with water and sink.

had received

arrived

had hit

had searched

used

had caused

survived

Summary: Whether to use the simple past tense or the past perfect tense depends on the sequence of the events.

The present perfect or the past perfect?Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known.

Past Present Future

Howard Carter became famous.

Summary: The present perfect tense is used when we are talking about a past event in connection with the present time.

The present perfect or the past perfect?

Past Present

George Gould had been to the tomb.

He caught a high fever and died.

George Gould had been to the tomb before he caught a high fever and died.

Summary: The Past Perfect tense is used when we are discussing the past and want to talk about an even earlier event.

Another amazing person—Cai Lun

What did he say? And what did he do?

Read the sentences on Page 51 and then complete the article.

The inventor of paper Cai Lun is a famous Chinese inventor, known for inventing paper. Cai invented paper in AD 105, but

_____________ many other times. Before his ⑴invention worked, Cai ___________ using many ⑵different parts of trees and plants, and old fishing nets to make paper! After Cai invented paper, people all over Asia used it. At that time in the West, no one ___________ of Cai ⑶or paper. They did not learn how to make paper until AD751. Westerners who _____________ several ⑷Chinese paper makers during a war told people in the West about Cai's invention. Once the paper makers

___________⑸ people how to make paper, it was used all over the world.

had failedhad tried

had heard

had caught

had shown

Homework

1. Finish Part C1 and Part C2 on Page 104 in Workbook.

2. Preview the next part of this unit: Task.