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© British Institute at Ankara 2014

ISBN 978 1 898249 35 1

14 May 2014

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Cover illustration: 11. Ayaș, Heberdey and Wilhelm 1896, 51 no. 118

RRMAM Vol. 3 Milestones: David French

2 © British Institute at Ankara

CONTENTS 1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. NOTES AND COMMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.1 Administrative Areas and Codes, and Maps . . . . . . 8 3.2 Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.3 Caput Viae . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.4 Cilicia, Isauria et Lycaonia . . . . . . . . . 8 3.4.1 Provincial Boundaries . . . . . . . . 8 3.4.2 Roads on the Conspectus Map (Fig. 5.1) . . . . . 9 3.5 Roads and the Absence of Milestones . . . . . . 9 3.6 The Via Tauri . . . . . . . . . . 9 — Note on Photographs and Squeezes . . . . . . 10 4. MILESTONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.1 Numbered Milestones . . . . . . . . . 12 4.2 Designated Roads and Numbered Milestones . . . . . . 13 4.3 Epigraphic Conventions . . . . . . . . . 17 4.4 Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 A. In Galatiam . . . . . . . . . 19 C. In Lyciam et Pamphyliam . . . . . . . 26 D. In Cappadociam . . . . . . . . 30 E. Cilicia, Isauria et Lycaonia . . . . . . . 39 P. Per Pontum et Bithyniam, Galatiam, Cappadociam et Ciliciam, Isauriam et Lycaoniam ad Syriam usque . . 56 Not attributed & UP . . . . . . . . 61 4.5 Concordances . . . . . . . . . . . 63 4.6 Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 5. ILLUSTRATIONS: MAPS . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.1 Conspectus Map . . . . . . . . . . 14 6. ILLUSTRATIONS: FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . 74 6.1 Published Facsimiles . . . . . . . . . . 74 6.2 Drawings from Squeezes . . . . . . . . . 77 7. ILLUSTRATIONS: PLATES . . . . . . . . . . . 81 7.1 Milestones . . . . . . . . . . . 81



1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Ministry of Culture – supporting, as always, my researches – granted the necessary permission. For the Konya vilayeti in 1977, Sedat Heper acted as Ministry Representative. I wish to thank Ender Varinlioğlu for the photographs – taken by the Tarsus Museum personel – of the Bayram milestone (here = no. 39) and of the rock-inscription [below, p. 10] on the same road. The Anamur Museum authorities generously allowed me to record the Demiroluk milestone (below, no. 35). Stephen Mitchell and Sabri Aydal provided valuable information on the Taurus roads between Karaman and Silifke. As ever, I owe a debt of gratitude to Brian Williams for his drawing of the map (below, 5.1.1) and to Abigail Robinson for the electronic presentation of the text and illustrations.



2. BIBLIOGRAPHY 2.1 Abbreviations The following abbreviations, for journals and serials and for books and series, are not generally found in the current lists: AST Araștırma Sonuçları Toplantısı KST Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı RRMAM Roman Roads and Milestones of Asia Minor (BIAA Monographs) 2.2 Bibliography Note: The abbreviations primarily employed here are listed in L'Année Philologique, “Index of Articles”; they are supplemented, where necessary, by AJA 90 (1986), 384-394 “Abbreviations for Periodicals and (2) for Individual Works” and AJA 104 (2000), 10-24, and by Zeitschriftenverzeichnis nach Abkürzungen, JdI Archäologische Bibliographie Bașgelen, N. – 2000 Yok edilen Geçmiș Yitirilen Gelecek: Sağlıklı (Bayramlı Roma Yolu) ve Yakınındaki Kalıntılar. Arkeoloji ve Sanat 22 (94 Ocak-Șubat), 24-26 and Figs 1-11 Bean, G. E. and Mitford, T. B. – 1965 Journey in Rough Cilicia in 1962 and 1963. Vienna (DenkschrWien 85) – 1970 Journeys in Rough Cilicia in 1964-1968. Vienna (DenkschrWien 102) Birley, A.R. and Eck, W. – 1993 M. Petronius Umbrinus, legat von Cilicia, nicht von Lycia-Pamphylia. EpigrAnat 21, 45-54 Buckler, W.H., Calder, W.M. and Cox, C.W.M. – 1924 Asia Minor 1924, 1. Monuments from Iconium, Lycaonia and Isauria. JRS 14, 24-84 Christol, M. and Loriot, X. – 2001 P. Alfius Avitus et P. Plotius Romanus, gouverneurs de Galatie. AC 70, 97-121 Cimok, F. – 2000 Biblical Anatolia. From Genesis to the Councils. Istanbul (2nd ed. 2001) Cronin, H.S. – 1902 First Report of a journey in Pisidia, Lycaonia and Pamphylia. Parts 1 and 2. JHS 22, 94- 125 and 335-376 Dagron, G. and Marcillet-Jaubert, J. – 1978 Inscriptions de Cilicie et d’Isaurie. Belleten 42, 373-420 Dagron, G. and Feissel, D. – 1987 Inscriptions de Cilicie. Paris (Travaux et Mémoires Mono. 4) Dupont-Sommer, A. and Robert, L. – 1964 La déesse de Hiérapolis Castabala (Cilicie). Paris (Bibl. arch. et hist. Inst. Fr. Arch. Ist. 16) French, D. H. – 1976 Researches on Roman Roads and Milestones in 1974. TürkAD 22,1, 51-54 (in Turkish) – 1980 The Roman Road System of Asia Minor. In Temporini, H. and Haase, W. (eds), ANRW 2.7, 2, 698-729. Berlin – 1985 Roma Yolları ve Miltasları 1984. 3 AST (Ankara), 143-145 Hagel, St. and Tomaschitz, K. – 1998 Repertorium der westkilikischen Inschriften: nach den Scheden der Kleinasiatischen



Kommission der Öst. Akad. der Wissenschaften. Wien (Erg.-bd zu TAM 22) Hall, A. S. – 1959 The Site of Misthea. AnatSt 9, 119-124 – 1968 Notes and Inscriptions from Eastern Pisidia. AnatSt 18, 57-92 Harper, R. P. – 1964 Roman senators in Cappadocia. AnatSt 14, 163-168 Gough, M. R. E. – 1952 Anazarbus. AnatSt 2, 85-150 Grünewald, T. – 1990 Constantinus Maximus Augustus. Heerschafts-propaganda in der zeitgenossischen Überlieferung. Stuttgart (Historia Einzelschr. 64) Hagel, St. and Tomaschitz, K. – 1998 Repertorium der westkilikischen Inschriften: nach den Scheden der Kleinasiatischen Kommission der Öst. Akad. der Wissenschaften. Wien (Erg.-bd zu TAM 22) Heberdey, R. and Wilhelm, A. – 1896 Reisen in Kilikien und Sud-Phrygien. Vienna (DenkschrWien 44, Abh. 6) Hicks, E. L. – 1891 Inscriptions from Western Cilicia. JHS 12, 225-273 Jüthner, J., Knoll, F., Patsch, K. and Swoboda, H. – 1903 Vorlaufiger Bericht über eine archaeologische Expedition nach Kleinasien. Prague Kellner, H.-J. – 1977 Zwei neue Flottendiplome. Zur Grenze von Pamphylien und Kilikien. Chiron 7, 315-322 Kienast, D. – 1996 Römische Kaisertabelle. Gründzüge einer römischen Kaiserchronologie. Darmstadt (2nd ed.; reprinted 2004) Langlois, V. – 1854 Inscriptions grecques, romaines, byzantines et armèniennes de la Cilicie. Paris – 1856 Rapport sur l’exploration archéologique de la Cilicie et de Petit-Arménie pendant les années 1852-53. Nouvelles archives des missions scientifiques 4, 37-91 – 1861 Voyage dans la Cilicie et dans les montagnes du Taurus, executé pendant les années 1852-53, 1-4. Paris MacKay, Th. and P. – 1969 Inscriptions from Rough Cilicia east of the Calycadnus. AnatSt 19, 139-142 Mouterde, R. – 1921 Inscriptions grecques et latines du Musée d’Adana. Syria 2, 207-220 Oppenheim, M. F. von and Lucas, H. – 1905 Griechische und lateinische Inschriften aus Syrien, Mesopotamien und Kleinasien. ByzZ 14, 1-72 Radet, G. and Paris, P. – 1885 Deux nouveaux gouverneurs de province. BCH 9, 433-436 Ramsay, W. M. – 1882 Inscriptions of Cilicia, Cappadocia and Pontus. JPhil 9, 142-160 Rémy, B. – 1989 Les carrières sénatoriales dans les provinces romaines d’Anatolie au Haut-Empire. Istanbul-Paris (Varia Anatolica 2) Sayar, M. H. – 1992 Straßenbau in Kilikien unter den Flaviern nach einem neugefundenen Meilenstein. EpigrAnat 20, 57-61 – 1999 Kilikya’da Epigrafi ve Tarihi Coğrafya Araștırmaları. 17 AST (Ankara), 1, 237-240, Map and Figs 1-7



Sterrett, J.R.S. – 1884-85 The Wolfe Expedition to Asia Minor. Boston (Pap. Amer. School Class. St. 3) Swoboda, H., Keil, J. and Knoll, F. – 1935 Denkmäler aus Lykaonien, Pamphylien und Isaurien. Prague Șahin, H. – 2009a Dağlık Kilikia 2008: Yerleşim Tarihi ve Epigrafya Araştırmaları. AST 27 (Denizli), 3, 17-25, Map and Figs 1-4 – 2009b Ein neuer Meilenstein Diokletians aus dem ostlichen Rauhen Kilikien. Gephyra 6, 130- 135 and photos – 2012 Rough Cilicia Settlement History and Epigraphy Surveys. ANMED 11, 207-210 Thomasson, B. – 1984-90 Laterculi Praesidum 1-3. Göteborg Waddington, H. – 1883 Inscriptions de Tarse. BCH 7, 282-290 Yorke, V. W. – 1898 Inscriptions from Eastern Asia Minor. JHS 18, 306-327



3. NOTES AND COMMENTS 3.1 Administrative Areas and Codes, and Maps The province (il or vilayet) and the district (ilçe), together with their official codes, are given at the head of the rubric for each milestone. The third digit (in the group) records the sub-district (bucak) in which the milestone is now located or from which the stone has been removed (e.g. to a museum). The reference which immediately follows the administrative code indicates a named sheet and the grid square on the Turkish 1:200,000 maps. These named sheets form a single set of 1:200,000 maps based on a series of Ottoman maps (extremely rare) printed c. 1890 in Ottoman script. Under the Republic all names on the Ottoman maps were transliterated in a Latin font. The latest printing-date of the post-Ottoman maps seems to be c. 1941. 3.2 Dates The dates, cited here, for the Imperial tribunician power, consulship and (if any) imperial acclamation, are taken from the tables published by Kienast (1996). 3.3 Caput Viae A separate entry, indicating the starting-point (or destination) both of the road and of the measurement given in the distance figure has been inserted, for each milestone, immediately below the given text and above the entry for the date. Because of inherent difficulties, the caput viae is listed in hierarchical sequence, according to the degree of probability or possibility, as follows: Anazarbus – the caput viae is inscribed in the text, (Anazarbus) – the distance-figure is inscribed but the caput viae omitted, [Anazarbus] – restored; neither caput viae nor the distance figure have survived. 3.4 Cilicia, Isauria et Lycaonia 3.4.1 Provincial Boundaries On the testimony from an inscription at Isaura Nova [Sterrett (1883-84, 115 no. 190), Radet and Paris (1885, 433), IGRR 3. 290, ILS 2. 8827], the tri-partite province, Cilicia, Isauria et Lycaonia –– was formed at least as early as Antoninus Pius (AD 138-161), in the governorship of C. Etrilius Regillus Laberius Priscus, éntistrãthgow §parxei«n Kilik¤aw ÉIsaur¤aw Lukaon¤aw. There is no evidance that the formation of the tri-partite province was changed in the interval between Antoninus Pius and the latest mention recorded on a milestone – under Severus Alexander (see below, 16[A]. Tozlu 1 ll. 7-8 t«[n] gÄ §p[ar]|xei«n). The frontiers of this province, as they are here proposed for the year AD 198 (the sixth tribunician power of Severus), have outlined as follows: (1) On the coast: Laertes lay within Pamphylia but Selinus within Cilicia (Kellner 1977, 321 and map); one of the small rivers – perhaps the Sedra Çay – between the two cities may have formed the boundary. (2) Inland: in the borderland between Galatia and Isauria, Vasada was situated in Galatia, as demonstrated by Christol and Loriot (2001, 99, 107). Here the cities of Amblada, Vasada and



Mistea, all situated along the road from Isaura Nova to Neapolis and Col. Antiochia, have been attached to Isauria, though rightfully they belong to Galatia. The frequency of milestones (nos 1-10) on this road emphasizes the significance of the route. (3) In the Konya Plain: the line of the river Çarșamba is here taken to represent the division between Galatia (the province) and Lycaonia; from the river a boundary-line can then be drawn to Karadağ, eastwards along the Çakır Dağı before rising to the ridge of the Toros mountains above Tașkale. (4) In the Taurus itself: the Cilician Gates provide a fixed point on the boundary between Cappadocia and Cilicia. (5) On the N of the Cilician Plain, eastwards from the Cilician Gates: the west-east boundary between Cappadocia and Cilicia in this central section of the Taurus is not defined by clear-cut geographical features; on the map (Fig. 5.1.1 [p. 14]) the boundary has been arbitrarily drawn. (6) On the E of the Cilician Plain: between Cilicia, on the west, and Syria, on the east, there is a natural boundary formed by the watershed on the Çimen Dağ at the north and on the Nur Dağları (the ancient Amanus mountains) at the south. The internal regions of the tri-partite province are less easy to define. In particular the divisions between Cilicia and Isauria and between Isauria and Lycaonia are unclear; on the map (5.1.1 [p. 14]) they have been drawn, wherever possible, along geographical features or on natural contours. 3.4.2 Roads on the Conspectus Map, Fig. 5.1.1 Except for a small area – the ilçeler (sub-departments) of Bozkır and of Beyșehir – in the vilayet of Konya, I have not carried out research for milestones and roads in the tri-partite province of Cilicia, Isauria and Lycaonia. Several roads are, therefore, conjectural (marked on the map, Fig. 5.1.1 [p. 14], by a ‘?’). Others have been included on the basis of ancient sources, e.g. the E.4 Anemurium - Germanicopolis - Isaura Nova and E.5 Tarsus - Mallus - Aegeae routes, indicated on the Tabula Peutingeriana. The coastal road around Silifke (ancient Seleucia) and the inland route from Kızkale (ancient Corycus) have been observed, en passant, during numerous holidays in the area. The greater part of Cilicia, however, has been, and remains, terra incognita in my researches on the roads and milestones of Asia Minor. Notandum: The location of all milestones (e.g. nos 19-30) was recorded in the days before GPS. For recent studies of road-networks, in the area around Corycus and Olba, see Aydınoğlu (2003, with map, Pl. 27) and Șahin (2009; 2012). These researches are particularly important for the evidence not only on the major roads but also on the local, minor roads and routes. 3.5 Roads and the Absence of Milestones The roads on which it is thought that the milestone was located are listed in section 4.2 Conspectus of Designated Roads and Numbered Milestones. It is thereby apparent when no milestone has survived on a given road. 3.6 The Via Tauri: Tarsus to Faustinopolis? The photographs taken (at a point on the paved road N of the arch located above Bayramlı) by the Tarsus Museum and given, more than twenty years ago, to Prof. Dr Ender Varinlioğlu included not only a milestone (see above, 39. Bayramlı [p. 56]) but also a rock-cut inscription. The text seemed to resemble one of the rock-cut inscriptions at the Cilician Gates, namely the well-known text of



Caracalla (IK 55 [ed. Berges and Nollé), 1. 135 with earlier references). On the Museum photograph of the Bayramlı inscription was not entirely legible. Recently, however, I was shown, by Robert Wagner, a photograph which not only confirms the resemblance to the Cilician Gates text but, in fact, establishes an exact replicate of the Caracalla inscription, as follows: IMPCAESARMARCVSAVRELIVSANTO NINVSPIVSFEL·INVICTVSAVGV STVSMONTIBVS·CAESIS VIAM LATIOREMFECIT Then, below the Latin text, a Greek text. It is now clear that the title Via Tauri may be given to the road both north and south of the Cilician Gates, that is to say, from Podandus to Tarsus. The question, “Is it possible for the same title, Via Tauri, to be applied to the road N from Podandus as far as Faustinopolis ?”, cannot, for the moment, be definitively answered (but cp. the Kırkgeçit Deresi milestone [RRMAM 3. 3. 165], the original location is seemingly uncertain). NOTE on Photographs and Squeezes The photographic illustrations in the fascicules of RRMAM are not intended to give more than a visual indication of the location and condition of the milestone: in publishing photographs in this and in all the fascicules of RRMAM I have been attempting to illustrate their state as recorded. My photographs do not, indeed mostly cannot, stand as an ultimate authority on the text. I decided at the outset of my work that when a milestone is extant, accessible and recordable, the primary source for the text would be, if at all possible, a paper squeeze made with one or multiple (overlapping but not bonding) sheets of a standard size; but cf. the method introduced by Walser (1971). My squeezes are stored in the BIA. Photographs of the collection are available on the BIA website: www.biaatr.org/squeeze/index.php.



4. MILESTONES



4.1 List of Numbered Milestones 01. Ulupınar [p. 19] 02. Yazdamı [p. 19] 03. Bozkır [p. 20] 04. Akkise [p. 20] 05. Boyalı [p. 22] 06. Akçalar [p. 22] 07. Așağı Esence [p. 22] 08. Bayafșar 1-4 [pp. 23-24] 09. Gökçimen 1-3 [pp. 24-25] 10. Bademli [p. 25] 11. Ayaș [p. 26] 12. Narlıkuyu [p. 26] 13. Anıtlı 1-2 [pp. 27-28] 14. Güney [p. 28] 15. Yeşildam, form. Akdam, 1-5 [pp. 30-33] 16. Tozlu 1-3 [pp. 34-36] 17. Orta Tozlu [p. 37] 18. Tekeli [p. 37] 19. Kızkalesi 1-3 [p. 39] 20. Kızkalesi 4-8 [pp. 39-41] 21. Kızkalesi 9-13 [p. 41] 22. Kızkalesi 14 [p. 41] 23. Kızkalesi 15 [p. 42] 24. Kızkalesi 16-19 [p. 42] 25. Kızkalesi 20-24 [p. 42] 26. Kızkalesi 25-26 [p. 42] 27. Kızkalesi 27-36 [p. 43] 28. Kızkalesi 37-42 [p. 43] 29. Kızkalesi 43-48 [p. 43] 30. Kızkalesi 49 [p. 43] 31. Yeğenli 1-4 [pp. 44-45] 32. Kırobası/Mağara 1-5 [p. 47] 33. Kekikli [p. 48] 34. Yenisu [p. 48] 35. Demiroluk [p. 50] 36. Kırkkuyu 1-2 [pp. 50-51] 37. Gölovası, form. Kızlarsuyu [p. 53] 38. Gürağaç 1-2 [p. 54] 39. Bayramlı [p. 56] 40. Tarsus [p. 57] 41. Adana [p. 57] 42. Yakapınar 1-2 [pp. 58-59] 43-44. UP [p. 61]



4.2 Synopsis of Designated Roads and Numbered Milestones A. IN GALATIAM 1. Laranda (- Colonia Lystra) . . . . . . . (2.J.4) 2. (?)Dalisandus (- Colonia Lystra) . . . . . . (2.J.3) 3. Isaura Nova (- Colonia Lystra) . . . . . . (2.J.2) 4. Isaura Nova (- Mistea - Via Sebaste [Neapolis]) . . . (2.J.1) . . 01-10 01. Ulupınar 02. Yazdamı 03. Bozkır 04. Akkise [SW Galatia] 05. Boyalı 06. Akçalar 07. Așağı Esence 08. Bayafșar 1-4 09. Gökçimen 1-3 10. Bademli 5. Laranda (- Colonia Iconium) ? . . . . . . (2.J.5) C. IN LYCIAM ET PAMPHYLIAM 1. Tarsus - Seleucia - Anemurium (- Perge) . . . . (6.H.1) . . 11-14 11. Ayaș 12. Narlıkuyu 13. Anıtlı 1-2 14. Güney 2. Isaura Nova (- Side) . . . . . . . . (6.H.2) 3. Isaura Nova (- Coracesium) ? . . . . . . (6.H.3) D. IN CAPPADOCIAM 1. Laranda - Derbe (- Sidamaria) . . . . . . (3.I.2) 2. Mopsuestia - Anazarbus - Flaviopolis (- Cocusus) . . . (3.I.1) . . 15-18 15. Yeşildam, form. Akdam, 1-5 16. Tozlu 1-3 17. Orta Tozlu 18. Tekeli E. CILICIA, ISAURIA ET LYCAONIA 1. Corycus - Diocaesaria - Laranda . . . . . . . . . . 19-32



19. Kızkalesi 1-3 20. Kızkalesi 4-8 21. Kızkalesi 9-13 22. Kızkalesi 14 23. Kızkalesi 15 24. Kızkalesi 16-19 25. Kızkalesi 20-24 26. Kızkalesi 25-26 27. Kızkalesi 27-36 28. Kızkalesi 37-42 29. Kızkalesi 43-48 30. Kızkalesi 49 31. Yeğenli 1-4 32. Kırobası/Mağara 1-5 2. Seleucia - Diocaesaria - Claudiopolis . . . . . . . . . 33-34 33. Kekikli near Yeniçıktı 34. Yenisu 3. Celenderis - Claudiopolis - (?)Coropissus ? 4. Anemurium - Germanicopolis - Isaura Nova ? . . . . . . . 35-36 35. Demiroluk 36. Kırkkuyu 1-2 5. Tarsus - Mallus - Aegeae - [Pilgrim’s Road] . . . . . . . . . 37 37. Gölovası, form. Kızlarsuyu 6. Castabala - [Pilgrim’s Road] 7. Laranda - (?)Dalisandus - Isaura Nova . . . . . . . . . . 38 38. Gürağaç 1-2 8. Laranda - (?)Coropissus F. IN COMMAGENAM SYRIAE 1. Anazarbus - Castabala (- Nicopolis) . . . . . (8.A.1) 2. Anazarbus - Castabala (- Doliche) . . . . . (8.A.2) 3. Anazarbus - Castabala (- Germanicia) . . . . . (8.A.3) P. PER PONTUM ET BITHYNIAM, GALATIAM, CAPPADOCIAM ET CILICIAM, ISAURIAM ET LYCAONIAM AD SYRIAM USQUE 1. (Pilgrim’s Road) (Chalcedon - Nicaea - Iuliopolis - Ancyra - Colonia Archelaïs - Tyana - Via Tauri) - Tarsus (- Antiochia) . (4.P.1)(2.P.1)(3.P.1)(8.P.1) . . . 39-42



39. Bayramlı 40. Tarsus 41. Adana 42. Yakapınar 1-2 S. IN SYRIAM 1. Alexandria - Rhosus (- Antiochia)



4.3 Epigraphic Conventions MAJUSCULE Letters read on the stone (or preserved in an earlier copy) but not understood by the editor [α β γ] [a b c] Letters, lost through breakage or no longer visible, restored by the editor {α β γ} {a b c} Letters cut in antiquity but thought by the editor to be superfluous Letters thought by the editor to have been accidentally omitted in antiquity and, therefore, supplied by the editor (α β γ) (a b c) Letters supplied by the editor in order to complete or to amplify an ancient abbreviation _a b g´ _a b c´ Letters erased in antiquity but still wholly visible _a b g´ _a b c´ Letters erased in antiquity and only partly preserved _[α β γ]´ _[a b c]´ Letters erased in antiquity, no longer visible, restored by the editor a b g a b c Letters, damaged and/or only partly preserved, the interpretation of which is open to doubt; consult the drawing (where available) (sic) Words or letters correctly cut but thought to be grammatically or orthographically remarkable or unusual; where possible, given by the editor as preserved on the stone a b g a b c (A modern error) Letters or words emended from an earlier copy of an inscription which is not now available to the editor; a note is given in the apparatus or in the commentary /α β γ/ /a b c/ (An ancient error) Letters or words incorrectly cut, or malformed, or for which, in error, different letters or words have been inscribed on the stone; suggested corrections are supplied by the editor; consult the drawing (where available) and the commentary α β γ a b c Letters seen by an earlier copyist but no longer visible or preserved (vac) or (v) vacat, i.e. an empty space [ . . 4 . . ] [ . . . . ] The figure, or the number of dots, within the square brackets indicates the precise number of letters required to fill a known space or to complete the inscription [ - - - - ] - - - - The dashes within the square brackets indicate an indefinite number of letters to be restored in the text in order to fill a known space or to complete the inscription; if the square bracket is not present, the number of missing letters (and hence of missing lines) is not known ligatures The presence of ligatured letters is indicated in the commentary αβ|γ ab|c The vertical line indicates the original line-divisions, whether falling in a single word or αβ | γ ab | c between two words, in an inscription which is printed as continuous text or as verse αβ||γ ab||c The double vertical line indicates the end of every fifth line (the fifth, tenth, fifteenth and αβ || γ ab || c so on), whether falling in a single word or between two words, in an inscription printed as continuous text or as verse



4.4 Texts



A. IN GALATIAM A.4 ISAURA NOVA (- Mistea - Via Sebaste [Neapolis]) 01. Ulupınar Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Bozkır 42-03-0 Map Alanya 55-Iy Location “Im Dorfe” (Swoboda et al.). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 12.vi.1977) Copy Swoboda et al. 02-07 June, 1902. Text here from Swoboda, Keil and Knoll Publication Swoboda, Keil and Knoll 1935, 73 no. 149 RRMAM 2, 1. 667 (notice only) Description “Bruchstück einer Säule oder Rundbasis aus Kalkstein, oben und unten abgebrochen” (Swoboda et al.) Dimensions “h. 0.655, Durchmesser 0.45. Bu. 0.036” (Swoboda et al.) Text [Imp Caesari] L S[eptimi]o Se[v]- ero [Pio Pertin]- 4 ci felici Aug A[ra]- bico Adiabenic[o] Parthico max[imo] sacerdoti trib[u]- 8 nicia potestas X imp XI cons III p p proc et Imp Ca[es] - - - - Caput Viae [Isaura Nova] Date AD 201/202, 10.xii-9.xii L. Septimius Severus and [M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Augusti, ? with P. Septimius Geta Caesar] Commentary For a complete text of Severus in his TRP X, AD 201/202, see below, 04. Akkise 02. Yazdamı Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Bozkır 42-03-0 Map Alanya 55-Iy Location Built into the wall of a cemetery, c. 150 m E of the turning for Yazdamı on the S side of the modern highway, Bozkır-Çumra; c. 1 km NW of the village Copy DHF 01.xi.1977. No squeeze. No photo. Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 668 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder. Hard, pale limestone. The inscription is cut on a raised panel Dimensions Ht (visible) c. 0.80 Text (cut on a simple, raised panel which is set on the face of the shaft) Imp Caes- 2 ar M [ .... ] [ ... ]us Aug 4 - - - -



Caput Viae [Isaura Nova] Date (?) 03. Bozkır Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Bozkır 42-03-0 Map Alanya 54/55-Iy Location “Siristat. In the pavement of a street” (Sterrett); “Siristat, in der dreibogigen Brücke eingemauert” (Swoboda et al.). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 12.vi.1977) Copy Sterrett 30 June, 1885; Swoboda et al. 02-07 June, 1902. Text here from Swoboda, Keil and Knoll Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 98 no. 161 CIL 3. 6784 (text of Sterrett) Swoboda, Keil and Knoll 1935, 66 no. 137a RRMAM 2, 1. 610 (notice only) Description “Meilenstein: nach oben und unten sich verjüngende Säule aus Kalkstein auf 0.44 hoher, 0.485 breiter und 0.33 dicker Basis. Die Inschrift auf rechteckigem, nicht unrahmten Felde” (Swoboda et al.) Dimensions “Gesamtehöhe 1.87 . . . . Bu. 0.004 bis 0.034” (Swoboda et al.) Text Imp Caes 2 M·Aur Severi 4 _Alexandri´ pii·f·Aug [ ? ] line 5: Pii·f·Aug (Swoboda et al); pii f(elicis), cp. the text (in Greek) and erasure, 14(D). Akdam 4 Caput Viae [Isaura Nova] Date AD 222-235 M. Aurelius Severus Alexander (Severus Alexander) Augustus 04. Akkise Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Bozkır 42-03-1 Map Konya 53-Iü Location In the village; at the cami, on the l. (or N) side of the porch; now used as a support for a wooden column Copy Calder and Cox June 1924; DHF 10.vi.1977. DHF squeeze in BIA BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Photograph Squeeze: 42. Konya 03, Akkise Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/77/05.08 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 155. 25-26 Publication Buckler, Calder and Cox 1924, 76 no. 10 AE 1926. 75 (text of Calder et al.) RRMAM 2, 1. 596 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder, perhaps a re-used column. Complete. Hard, pale limestone.



Surface and letters: well preserved Dimensions Ht (visible) 1.40; diam. (top) 0.46. Letters: (line 1) I of IMP 0.03 Text (on the face of the shaft) Imp·Caesari·L·Septimio Severo Pio Pertinaci·felici Aug·Arabico Adiabe- 4 nico Parthico maximo sacerdoti tribunicia potestas·X·imp·XI·con·III·p·p·procos· et·Imp·Caesar·M·Aureli·Antoni- 8 no Pio maximo tribunicia potestas cons·_et P Septimio Ge´- _ta Caesar´i·milia·restituta per·Fl·Ulpianum leg·Aug 12 mi·XIIII Caput Viae (Isaura Nova) Date AD 201/202, 10.xii-9.xii L. Septimius Severus and M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Augusti with P. Septimius Geta (names erased) Caesar Commentary On Fl(avius) Ulpianus, see the text and comments of Dagron and Feissel (1987, 19-20 no. 1; Silifke) = Dagron and Marcillet (1978, 412 no. 38); see also Thomasson (1984-90, 1, 291 no. 20) and Rémy (1989, 368 no. 10).



[SW Galatia] 05. Boyalı (?) Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Seydișehir 42-16-0 Map Konya 51-Iu Location In the (village) cemetery Copy Sterrett 27 July, 1885 Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 179 no. 294 Description “Milliarium (?)” (Sterrett) Dimensions Not given Text IMPP.F SEUTO on r. of text: S (= a leaf?) Commentary Not certainly a milestone 06. Akçalar Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Seydișehir 42-16-0 Map Konya 51-It Location In the village cemetery Copy Sterrett 29 July, 1885; Jünther and Swoboda 26 April, 1902; DHF 11.vi.1977. DHF squeeze and photo. (Pl. 7.1.1 [p. 82]) in BIA BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 42. Konya 02, Akçalar Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/77/05.10-11 Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 182 (text not given) Cronin 1902, 110 (text not given) Jüthner, Knoll, Patsch and Swoboda 1903, 21 (visit by Jünther and Swoboda) Swoboda, Keil and Knoll 1935, 38 no. 90 RRMAM 2, 1. 595 (notice only) Description “An uninscribed milestone must also be mentioned” (Sterrett). A simple cylinder. Complete. Hard, pale limestone. Surface: rough Dimensions Ht (visible) 1.12 (Swoboda et al. 1.24); diam. (top) 0.37. Letters: (line 1) C 0.044 Text (on the face of the shaft) Imp Caesar 2 M Antonius Gordianus 4 pius fel Aug [ - - - - ] Caput Viae [ ? ] Date AD 238-244 Gordianus III Augustus 07. Aşağı Esence, form. Büyük Homa



Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Beyşehir 42-02-0 Map Konya 51-Iș Location “In the cemetery” (Sterrett). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 11.vi.1977) Copy Sterrett 30 July, 1885 Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 186 RRMAM 2, 1. 603 (notice only) Description & Dimensions Not given Text No visible inscription Caput Viae [ ? ] Date (?) 08(A). Bayafşar 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Beyşehir 42-02-0 Map Beyşehir 50-It Location Not given Copy Sterrett 30 July, 1885; Cronin June-July, 1901. Not seen by DHF (11.vi.1977) Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 186 Cronin 1902, 110 (notice only) RRMAM 2, 1. 605 (notice only) Description & Dimensions Not given Text No visible inscription 08(B). Bayafşar 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 08(A) Location In the village; standing in front of the village mosque. Said to have been brought from the “Bağdat yolu” (Baghdad Road), c. 2 km W of the village Copy Hall, Summer 1958; DHF 11.vi.1977. DHF squeeze (photo. (Pl. 7.1.2 [p. 82]) in BIA BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 42. Konya 06, Bayafşar 2 Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/77/05.12 Publication Hall 1959, 123 (text not given) Hall 1968, 84 no. 2 and Pl. 18 a-b RRMAM 2, 1. 606 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder. Broken below. Hard, pale limestone, heavily red-stained Dimensions Ht 1.25; diam. 0.46. Letters: (line 1) C and E 0.029, (line 8) C 0.025 Text (on the face of the shaft) Imp·Caesar·divi·Ha- driani·fil·divi·Traiani· Parthici·nepoti·divi· 4 Nervae·pronepoti· T·Aelio·Hadriano Antonino·Aug·Pio ·p·p·p m·tr·p· 8 III·cos·III



no mile-figure was inscribed Caput Viae [ ? ] Date AD 139/140, 10.xii-9.xii Antoninus Pius Augustus Commentary Not certainly a milestone 08(C). Bayafşar 3 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 08(A) Location “Seen . . . . between Bayafşar and Kızılca” (Hall) Copy Hall, Summer 1958. Not seen by DHF 11.vi.1977 Publication Hall 1959, 123 RRMAM 2, 1. 607 (notice only) Description & Dimensions Not given Text Not given 08(D). Bayafşar 4 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 08(A) Location In the village. Inside the cami, on the l. of the door; used as a support for a wooden column Copy DHF 11.vi.1977 Description A simple cylinder. Complete but very worn. Hard, pale limestone Dimensions Not taken Text No visible inscription 09(A). Gökçimen 1, form. Ararım, Kolkorum, Gulgurum Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya 42-02-0 Map Beyşehir 50-Iș Location “In the cemetery” (Sterrett); “ . . . . auf dem Friedhofe . . . . ” (Jüthner, Knoll, Patsch and Swoboda). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 11.vi.1977) Copy Sterrett 01 August, 1885; Jüthner et al. 30 April, 1902. Text here from Sterrett Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 187 no. 308 (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.1 [p. 75]) CIL 3. 6960 (text of Sterrett) Cronin 1902, 110 (text not given) Jüthner, Knoll, Patsch and Swoboda 1903, 26 (notice of location and condition) RRMAM 2, 1. 620 (notice only) Description Not given Dimensions “ . . . . ganz verwitterten . . . . ” (Jüthner et al.) Text - - - - 2 et [Imp Caesa]ri [. . . . . . . .]ICLI 4 - - - - Caput Viae [ ? ] Date (?) 09(B). Gökçimen 2, form. Ararım, Kolkorum, Gulgurum



Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 09(A) Location As 09(A) Copy Sterrett 01 August, 1885; Jüthner et al. 30 April, 1902. The stone has not been examined by DHF (11.vi.1977). Text here from Sterrett Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 187 no. 309 (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.2 [p. 75]) CIL 3. 6961 (text of Sterrett) Jüthner, Knoll, Patsch and Swoboda 1903, 26 (notice of location and condition) RRMAM 2, 1. 621 (notice only) Description Not given Dimensions “ . . . . ganz verwitterten . . . . ” (Jüthner et al.) Text G SVANS IVI[ - ]O[ - ]CV Caput Viae [ ? ] Date (?) 09(C). Gökçimen 3, form. Ararım, Kolkorum, Gulgurum Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 09(A) Location As 09(A) Copy Sterrett 01 August, 1885. Not seen by DHF (11.vi.1977) Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 187 RRMAM 2, 1. 622 (notice only) Description & Dimensions Not given Text No visible inscription 10. Bademli Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Beyşehir 42-02-0 Map Beyşehir 50-Iș Location Not given. The stone was not re-found by Jüthner et al. (visit 11-13 May 1902) Copy Ramsay, Hogarth and Headlam 1890(?). Text here from CIL Publication CIL 3. 12144 (copy from Ramsay with Hogarth and Headlam) Jüthner, Knoll, Patsch and Swoboda 1903, 29 (notice of text in CIL) Description and Dimensions Not given Text [Imp Caes] 2 [divi Traiani] Part[hici f div·] 4 Nerv[ae nepoti] Traian[o Hadriano] 6 Augu[sto (vac)] - - ? - - Caput Viae [ ? ] Date AD 117-138 Hadrianus Augustus Commentary Not certainly a milestone. Ramsay (1902-03, 263) thought that the stone came from Beyşehir.



C. IN LYCIAM ET PAMPHYLIAM C.1 TARSUS - SELEUCIA - ANEMURIUM (- Perge) 11. Ayaş Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Mersin/İçel, Erdemli 33-02-0 Map Mersin 72-IIe Location “Eine halbe Stunde von der Küste liegt zur des heutigen Weges” (sc. to Kanlıdivane) “der fast durch aus dem alten folgt, ein Meilenstein . . . . ” (Heberdey and Wilhelm) Copy Wilhelm 1892. Text here of Heberdey and Wilhelm Publication Heberdey and Wilhelm 1896, 51 no. 118 (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.3 [p. 75]) CIL 3. 13625 (text of Heberdey and Wilhelm) AE 1898. 59 (text of Heberdey and Wilhelm) RRMAM 2, 1. 408 (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 138 Kan 26 (text of Heberdey and Wilhelm; CIL) Şahin (H.) 2009, 134 n.21 (summary of text) Description “ . . . . letze Zeilen unzugänglich . . . . ” (Heberdey and Wilhelm) Dimensions Not given Text Imp Caesar 2 divi Traiani Parthici·f·divi 4 Nervae nepos Traianus Hadria- 6 nus Aug pont max tr pot IIII cos III per 8 �Iul Castum leg Aug (v) pr pr (v) XXI 10 M (v) P line 7: lines over the numerals; PPR (copy) for PER line 8: IVS (copy) for IVL; CAC (copy) for CAS line 9: EXG (copy) for AVG line 10: I^ (copy), error for M Caput Viae [ ? ] Date AD 119/120 10.xii-09.xii Hadrianus Augustus Commentary (Line 7) Hadrianus did not take the title pater patriae before AD 128, see Kienast (1996, 129); cp. below, 13. Anıtlı line 7. For the governor, see Thomasson (1984-90, 1, 290 no. 9) and Rémy (1989, 368 no. 9) 12. Narlıkuyu Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code İçel, Silifke 33-05-0 Map Mersin 72-IIe Location In situ, close to or beside the Roman road; c. 1 km SW of Narlıkuyu, c. 250 m. NW of the old road and c. 200 m W of the Narlıkuyu Belediye (municipality) Copy Seen by DHF 1982



Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 456 (notice only) Description & Dimensions Not noted Text - - - - 2 [- - - -] t«n %eb[a!t«n] 4 ≤ Kvruk¤vn pÒli! 6 [ ? ] Caput Viae Corycus Date (?) 13(A). Anıtlı 1, form. Kaledıran [Charadrus] Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code İçel (Mersin), Anamur 33-01-0 Map Gazipaşa 58-IIf Location In the village; “ . . . . used as a roller on the roof of a house” (Bean and Mitford); at the house of Murat Sevimler, on the western bank of the river (DHF visit 16.viii.1975, 19.xii.1993). Now in the Alanya Museum (photo. Pl. 7.1.3 [p. 82]) Copy Bean and Mitford 13(?) June 1962; DHF 14.iv.1994. Text here from Bean and Mitford 1965 BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 33. İçel 01. Anıtlı Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF M/94/13.09 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 399.35 Publication Bean and Mitford 1965, 42 no. 46 and Pl. 11 no. 3 AE 1965. 327 (text of Bean and Mitford 1965) French 1980, 719 no. 16 (text of Bean and Mitford 1965) RRMAM 2, 1. 407 (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 60 Char 1a, 1b (text of Bean and Mitford) Description “ . . . . , a milestone broken away at the bottom, . . . . (The letters), now somewhat worn, include for the Greek the forms A E Y S V” (Bean and Mitford) Dimensions “ . . . . , now 0.62 h. with a diameter of 0.375. The letters, from 0.02 to 0.028 h., . . . . ” (Bean and Mitford) Text Imp Caesar divi Traiani Parthici f divi Nervae nepos 4 Traianus Hadrianus Aug pontif max trib pot XXI p[.]s Aug cos III (vac) p p fecit 8 AÈtokrãtvr Ka›sar YeoË [Tra]ianoË Paryi- koË uflÚw YeoË N°roua [u·v]now TraianÚw ÑAdri[a]nÚ[w 12 - - - - line 6: p[iu]s � ? (AE 1965. 327)



Caput Viae [ ? ] Date AD 136/137, 10.xii-9.xii Hadrianus Augustus Commentary Does the word fecit (i.e. viam fecit) indicate that Hadrianus built the road along the coast between Silifke and Gazipașa? cp. the road-construction undertaken by Titus in the region N of Silifke [Seleucia ad Calycadnum] (see below, 34. Yenisu) 13(B). Anıtlı 2, form. Kaledıran Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As 13(A) Location (?) Copy Bean and Mitford 1962. The stone has not benn examined by DHF 1975, 1993 Publication Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 61 Char 1c (text from Bean and Mitford squeeze 1962 no. 31) Description & Dimensions Not cited Text Kvnst[ - - - - ] 2 tÚn k[ - - - - ] Caput Viae [ ? ] Date (?) 14. Güney Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Antalya, Gazipașa 07-05-0 Map Gazipaşa 57-IIh Location Antiochia ad Cragum; “ . . . . in the immediate vicinity of no. 39” [i.e. “in the eastern part of the city, below the temple”] (Bean and Mitford); seen there by DHF (visit 19.xii.1993) Copy Bean and Mitford 12/13 June 1963 Publication Bean and Mitford 1965, 35 no. 40 and Pl. 8 no. 3 AE 1965. 325 (text of Bean and Mitford) RRMAM 2, 1. 190 (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 37 AntK 17 (text of Bean and Mitford) Description “ . . . . , a milestone of coarse white marble, deeply buried but recently exposed, . . . . ” (Bean and Mitford) Dimensions “1.76 h. and 0.44 in diameter. The letters are large, well cut and clear” (Bean and Mitford) Text (on the face of the shaft) Imp·Caes[ar] L·Septim[ius] Severus 4 Per[tinax] (vac) Au[g] Arab Adia[b] p m trb 8 pot V imp VII cos II procos p p et M Aurelius Antoninus



12 Caesar Imp desig·m·p· [ - ] Caput Viae [Antiochia ad Cragum] Date AD 196/197, 10.xii-07.v L. Septimius Severus Augustus and M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Imp (Augustus) designatus Commentary Caracalla imp. design. “vor 7. Mai 197” (Kienast 1996, 162). Notandum: Caracalla, here and at 31(A). Yeğenli 1, is named as Caesar Imp desig(natus), not destinatus.



D. IN CAPPADOCIAM D.2 MOPSUESTIA - ANAZARBUS - FLAVIOPOLIS (- Cocusus) 15(A). Yeșildam 1, form. Akdam Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Adana, Ceyhan 01-02-2 Map Kozan 86-Iu Location “At Akdam” (Ramsay) Copy Lt. (later Major) Bennet (pre-1882). Text here from Ramsay Publication Ramsay 1882, 157 no. 18 (copy of Bennet) IGRR 3. 898 (text of Ramsay) Gough 1952, 100 (notice only) RRMAM 2, 1. 004 (notice only) IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar 2000). 18 (text of Ramsay) Description Not given Letters (as published): square C, square and lunate epsilon, lunate omega; (line 3) small O Dimensions Not given Text - - ? - - ÉApÚ ÉAnazãrbou 2 [t]∞ mhtropÒlevw t«n gÄ:§parxei«n pro- 4 kayezom°nhw ka‹ bÄ:nevkÒrou 6 (vac) aÄ line 4: ligature NHC lines 3, 5, 6: a horizontal bar above the letters G, B, A Caput Viae Anazarbus Date “Zwischen 204/5 und 249 n. Chr.” (IK) Commentary These are the bottom lines of a text, the upper part of which is now lost. 15(B). Yeșildam 2, form. Akdam Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 15(A) Location “ . . . . two milestones” [here nos 14(B) and (C)] “which mark the first mile from Anazarbus, were found in situ about 600 m. north of Akdam” (Gough p. 100; “In a rice field north of the village” (Gough p. 137); “Kurudere Höyüğü, zwischen Dilekkaya und Yeșildam, ca. 1, 5 km südwestlich von Anazarbos” (IK). Now “im Garten von Sami Manga” (IK) Copy Gough 1950; Sayar 1998. Gough squeeze in BIAA. Text here from Gough and Sayar BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Photograph Squeeze: 01. Adana (not numbered), Yeşildam 2 Publication Gough 1952, 137 no. 16 (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.4 [p. 75]) AE 1954. 7 (text of Gough)



SEG 12. 516 (text of Gough) Dupont-Sommer and Robert 1964, 93 and n. 9 (comment on ll. 12-13) Dagron and Marcillet-Jaubert 1978, 383 no. 8 AE 1978. 811 (text of Dagron and Marcillet-Jaubert 1978) SEG 28. 1252 (notice of re-publication by Dagron and Marcillet-Jaubert; addition to text in SEG 12. 516 line 11) Bull. 1979. 596 (notice of Dagron and Marcillet-Jaubert) RRMAM 2, 1. 005 (notice only) IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar 2000). 11 and Pl. 13 Description “Unten mit viereckigem Sockel; oberer Rand weggebrochen” (IK) Dimensions “H.: 181 cm; Dm.: 49-51 cm; Bh.: 2,5-6 cm” (IK) Text ÉAgayª TÊx˙ AÈtokrãtori Ka¤!ari M _[ÉOpell¤ƒ]´ %eouÆrƒ 4 _[Makre¤nƒ]´ eÈsebe› eÈtuxe› %eb érxiere› meg¤!tƒ dhmarxik∞! §jou!¤a! Ípãtƒ épode- 8 deigm°nƒ p p ényupãtƒ ka‹ M _[ÉOpell¤]ƒ ´ ÉAntvne¤nƒ _[Diadoumenian“]´ Ka¤!ari ufl“ toË %eb _[Makre¤nou]´ 12 ÉApÚ _[Makreinian∞! %]´eptimian∞! %eouhrian∞! ÉAntvneinian∞! Kai!are¤a! t∞! prÚ! t“ ÉAnazãrbƒ t∞! §ndÒjou mhtropÒlev! t«n gÄ §parxei«n prokazeyom°nh! ka‹ 16 d‹! ne ka‹ ÑRvmaÛko›! tropa¤oi! keko!mhm°nh! teteimhm°nh! ka‹ koinoboul¤ƒ m¤ (aÄ) §p‹ Fl ÉIoulianoË toË str line 6: ligature Tv line 8: p(atr‹) p(atr¤do!); ligature Tv line 11: %eb(a!toË) line 12: ligature NH% line 13: ligatures NH%, TH%, Tv line 1��4: ligatures H%, Tv line 1��5: ligatures vN, NH% line 16: d‹! ne(vkÒrou); ligature vM line 1��7: ligatures NH%, H% line 18: ligature MI (as Gough facsimile), m(¤lion) (aÄ) = (Latin) mp I, not (Greek) m(e¤lion) iÄ (= mp X) line 19: Fl(aou¤ou) ÉIoulianoË toË str(athgoË) Caput Viae Anazarbus



Date AD 217, 11.iv-218, “Ende Mai” M Opellius Severus Macrinus Augustus with M Opellius Antoninus Diadumenianus Caesar Commentary For the governor, see Thomasson (1984-90, 1, 292 no. 25) and Rémy (1989, 368 no. 11) 15(C). Yeșildam 3, form. Akdam Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 15(A) Location “ . . . . two milestones” [here nos 15(B) and (C)] “which mark the first mile from Anazarbus, were found in situ about 600 m. north of Akdam” (Gough p. 100); “Akdam Hüyük”; now “am Rande des Feldes von Ahmet Șimșek in Yeșildam” (IK) Copy Gough 1949 or 1950 or 1951; Gough squeeze in BIAA. Sayar copy, squeeze and photo. 1996. Text here from IK BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Photograph Squeeze: 01. Adana (not numbered), Yeşildam 3 Publication Gough 1952, 100 (notice only) IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar 2000). 12 and Pl. 14 Description “Säule aus weiß-grauem Kalkstein, unten mit quadratischer Basis; oben abgebrochen” (IK). Letters: broken-bar alpha, lunate epsilon and sigma Dimensions “H.: 180 cm; Dm.: 52 cm; Bh.: 4-10 cm; Basis: H.: 49 cm; Br.: 72 cm; T.: 70 cm” (IK) Text AÈto[krãtori Ka¤sari Mãrkƒ AÈrhl¤ƒ] ÉAntvne¤nƒ eÈ!ebe› eÈtuxe› %eba!t“ t“ ku[r]¤ƒ ka‹ eÈer- 4 g°t˙ t∞! ofikoum°nh! épÚ %eptimian∞! %eouhrian∞! ÉAntvneinian∞! Kai!are¤a! t∞! prÚ! t“ ÉAnazãr- bƒ t∞! §ndÒjou mhtropÒlev! t«n 8 tri«n §parxei«n Kilik¤a! ÉI!au- r¤a! Lukaon¤a! prokayezom°nh! ka‹ d‹! nevkÒr[ou] ka‹ ÑRvmaÛko›! tropa¤oi! kekosmhm°nh! tetei- 12 mhm°nh! ka‹ koinoboul¤ƒ (vac) m¤ a Ä ≤gemoneÊonto! Klaud¤ou Nu!¤ou toË lamprotãtou !trat[hgoË] line 13: ligature MI Caput Viae Anazarbus Date AD 218-222 M. Aurelius Antoninus (Elagabalus) Augustus 15(D). Yeșildam 4, form. Akdam Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 15(A)



Location “Kurudere Hüyük, zwischen Anazarbus und dem Dorf Yeșildam, ca. 1,5 km südwestlich von Anazarbos” (IK) Copy Sayar copy, squeeze and photo. 1996. Text here from IK Publication IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar 2000). 14 and Pl. 15 Description “Säule aus weißem Kalkstein, unten abgebrochen, sonst vollständig” (IK). Letters: square sigma Dimensions “H.: 104 cm; Dm.: 46 cm; Bh.: 4 cm” (IK) Text AÈtokrãtori Ka¤!ari 2 M AÈrhl¤ƒ %eouÆrƒ _ÉAlejãn´drƒ 4 eÈ!ebe› eÈtuxe› ka‹ _[ÉIoul¤& Mama¤&]´ 6 _[%ebastª]´ Caput Viae [Anazarbus] Date AD 222-235 M. Aurelius Severus Alexander (Severus Alexander) Augustus with Iulia Mamaea Augusta 15(E). Yeșildam 5, form. Akdam Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 15(A) Location “Kurudere Höyük, zwischen Dilekkaya und dem Dorf Yeșildam, etwa 1, 5 km südwestlich von Anazarbos”; now “im Garten von Sami Manga im Dorf Yeșildam” (IK) Copy Sayar copy, squeeze and photo. 1998. Text here from IK Publication Sayar 1999, 238 IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar 2000). 19 and Pl. 15 Description “Meilenstein aus Granit; oben und unten abgrebrochen; auf dem Stein finden sich zwei vershiedene Texte in latinischer Sprache; der frühere Text ist mit grösseren Buchstaben als der spätere Text eingemeißelt ” (IK) Dimensions “H.: 102 cm; Dm.: 45-47 cm; Bh.: 5-7 cm” (IK) Text (1) (? position) dd NN Maximiano et 2 Maximiano inv Augustis [et] Maximino et 4 Constantino nobiliss Caess 6 (vac) m I (2) (? position) dd NN 8 Crispo et Licinio et 10 Constantino n[obili]ss Caess Caput Viae (Anazarbus)



Date (1) (?) AD 306, ca. Aug. - 307, March/April or 16 September Galerius and Severus Augusti with Maximinus and Constantinus Caesares (2) AD 317, 01.iii-324, 19.ix Crispus, Licinius and Constantinus Caesares Commentary For a replicate of text (1), see 31(B). Yeğenli 2 (2) and 39. Bayramlı. For the date of text (1) here and of 31(B). Yeğenli 2 (2) and 39. Bayramlı, see the commentary under 39. Bayramlı. 16(A). Tozlu 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Adana, Kadirli 01-04-0 Map Kozan 87-Iu Location “On the road between Anavarza and Tozlu, in a field belonging to Ibrahim Buyukcicek. Miliarum in situ” (Gough); “ursprunglich von Gough zwischen dem Felseinschnitt und Tozlu, ostlich des Burgberges gefunden; im Feld von İbrahim Büyükçiçek als in situ aufgenommen” (IK) Copy Gough 1949, 1950 or 1951. Text here from Gough BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Photograph Squeeze: 01. Adana, Adana 4 Publication Gough 1952, 100, 101 and 143 no. 25 with drawing (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.5 [p. 76]) SEG 12. 517 (text of Gough) RRMAM 2, 1. 030 (notice only) IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar 2000). 13 (text of Gough) Description Not given Letters (from Gough drawing): squared epsilon and sigma Dimensions “H. 1.45; circumf. 1,76; letters. 0.125-0.035” (Gough) Text AÈtokrãtori Ka¤![ari M AÈr]- rhl¤ƒ %eouÆrƒ _[ÉAlejãndrƒ]´ eÈ!ebe› eÈtÊxe› %eb ka‹ _[ÉIou]´- 4 _[l¤& Mama¤&]´ %eba!t_[ª mhtr‹]´ toË kur¤ou %eb ka‹ kã![trvn] épÚ ÉAnazãrbou t∞! aÄ k [m ka‹ §ndÒ]- jou mhtropÒlev! t«[n] gÄ §p[ar]- 8 xei«n prokayezom°nh! ka‹ d‹[!] nevkÒrou ka‹ ÑRvmaÛko›! tro pa¤oi! keko!mhm°nh! teteimhm°nh! ple¤!tai! ka‹ me- 12 g¤!tai! ka‹ §jair°toi! dvre- a›! ka‹ §leuy°rƒ koinoboul¤ƒ m bÄ line 6: ligature HC; aÄ k [m ka‹ §ndo]-, p(r≈th!) k(all¤sth!) [m(eg¤sth!) ka‹ §ndo]- (Gough; Sayar in IK) line 8: ligature YE, NH% line 9: ligature NE line 10: ligature OC, NHC line 11: ligature NHC line 13: ligature YE



Caput Viae Anazarbus Date AD 222, 13.iii-235, ii/iii M. Aurelius Severus Alexander (Severus Alexander) Augustus with Iulia Mamaea Augusta 16(B). Tozlu 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 16(A) Location “ . . . . miliarium found in situ on the road between Anavarza and Tozlu” (Gough) Copy Gough 1949, 1950 or 1951. Text here from Gough squeeze in BIA BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Photograph Squeeze: 01. Adana 156, Tozlu Publication Gough 1952, 101 and 138 (notice of line 22) RRMAM 2, 1. 006 (“Akdam 3”) Description Not given. Surface and letters (on squeeze): worn Dimensions Inscribed area: (wi.)(max.) 0.86, (ht) 1.06. Letters (from squeeze): (line 1) 0.050- 60 (X in TUXH), (lines 2-5) 0.035-40, (lines 9-21) 0.020-40 (the O is consistently smaller), (line 22) 0.025-40 Text (vac) ÉAgayª TÊx˙ AÈtokrãtore Ka¤sare N (sic) _ . . . . . ´ %euÆrƒ N (sic) 4 _ ? ´ eÈ!ebe› eÈtuxe› %e- ba!t“ _ . . c.9 . . ´ ÉAntvne¤nƒ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ´ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ´ 8 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ´ [ . . %e]ptimian∞! %euhrian∞! ÉAntvninianoË Kaisa- (sic) r¤a! t∞! prÚ! t“ ÉAnazãr- 12 bƒ t∞! §ndÒjou htro- l°v! t«n gÄ §parxei«n Ki- ik¤a! ÉIsaur¤a! Lukaon¤a! prokayezom°ne k¢ d‹! ne- (sic) 16 okÒrou ka‹ ÑRvmaiko! trop°oi! (sic) ka‹ KO%%%m°nh! teteimhm°- nh! ka‹ {M} konoboul¤ƒ ≤ge- moneÊonto! Flau ÉIou- 20 lianoË toË lamprotãtou ≤gemÒno! m¤ bÄ ÖEtou! ≠l!Ä line 15: OMENE for OMENH% line 16: OKOROU for VKOROU line 17: KO%%%MENH% for KEKO%MHMENH% line 18: konoboul¤ƒ line 21: ligature MI



line 22: ≠l!Ä (Gough: “The date on this milestone is the year ≠l!Ä of the era of Anazarbus”); but possibly zl!Ä i.e. year 237 [= AD 218] (DHF) Possible restoration of ll. 1-9, based on IK 56. 11: (vac) ÉAgayª TÊx˙ AÈtokrãtore Ka¤sare /M/ (sic) _ÉOpell¤ƒ´ %euÆr“ /M/_akr´- (sic) 4 _e¤nƒ´ eÈ!ebe› eÈtuxe› %e- ba!t“ _k¢ M ÉOpell¤ƒ´ ÉAntvne¤nƒ _Diadoumenian“ Ka¤sari´ _ufl“ toË %eba!toË Makr´- 8 _e¤nou ÉApÚ Makreinian´- [∞! %e]ptimian∞! %euhrian∞! Caput Viae (Anazarbus) Date AD 217, 11.iv-218, (?) M. Opellius Macrinus Augustus with [M Opellius] Antoninus [Diadumenianus Caesar] Commentary Uniquely in Asia Minor, the eral date (of the city and province) was added – here l. 22: year 236 = AD 217. For comments on Macrinus and Diadumenianus in the inscriptions of Adana and Tarsus and on the coinage of other Cilician cities (notably Flaviopolis, Anazarbus and Mopsuestia), see Robert in Dupont-Sommer and Robert (1964, 78 and nn. 1-10) and Dagron and Feissel (1987, 74 and 162). The Gough text here fits easily into the group of milestone (and other) texts now assembled by Sayar in the epigraphic corpus (IK 56) of Anazarbus. The lengthy parade of imperial titles preceding those of the city and province is not followed by other cities outside Cilicia. Tarsus, on the other hand, could, and did, match Anazarbus in the display of civic self-esteem: texts of Tarsus display the same grand style of third century texts as at Anazarbus; cp. the comments of Dagron and Feissel (1987, 162). In both cities it would seem that, in order to proclaim civic pride, it was necessary to “put out more flags” by the insertion of a civic, eral date, an addition that does not seem to have been repeated on later milestones. One may ask, Why? 16(C). Tozlu 3 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 16(A) Location “ . . . . ursprünglich von Keil und Bauer ca. 500 Schritt östlich vom Felseinschnitt an der Staubstraße, die von der Stadt zum Bach Sombaz führt, in situ gefunden und aufgenommen” (IK) Copy Keil and Bauer “Skizzenbuch 1914 IV 16”. Text here from IK Publication IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar). 17 and Pl. 32 Description “Saüle aus Kalkstein” (IK) Dimensions “H.: 77 cm (soweit sichtbar); Dm: oben: 60 cm; Bh.: 3–4,8 cm.” (IK) Text AÈtokrãtori Ka¤sari 2 “(eradiert)” eÈsebe› eÈtux[e›] Seb 4 dhmarxik∞w §jou[s¤]aw ÉApÚ ÉAnazãrbou [t∞w §ndÒjou]



6 mhtropÒlevw m¤lion aÄ Caput Viae Anazarbus Date AD 222-235 Severus Alexander Augustus ? (IK) 17. Orta Tozlu Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Adana, Kadirli 01-04-0 Map Kozan 87-Iu Location Kavlak Hüyük. Now “im Garten von Sait Duranoğlu in Orta Tozlu” (IK) Copy Sayar copy, squeeze and photo. 1996. Text here from IK Publication IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar 2000). 15 and Pl. 32 Description “Allseitig gebrochenes Fragment aus Kalkstein; von der ursprünglichen Inschrift nur Reste von fünf Zeilen erhalten” (IK) Dimensions “H.: 29 cm; Br.: 36 cm; T.: 15 cm; Bh.: 4 cm” (IK) Text - - - - K[a¤!aro! Mãrkou AÈrhl¤ou] 2 %eouÆro[u ÉAlejãndrou eÈ!eboË!] eÈtuxoË! %[eba!toË ka‹ ÉIoul¤a!] 4 _[Mama¤]´a! %e[b mhtrÚ! toË %eb] ka‹ kã![trvn] - - - - Caput Viae [Anazarbus] Date AD 222-235 [M. Aurelius] Severus [Alexander] (Severus Alexander) (the name Alexander erased ?) Augustus with Iulia Mamaea (names erased) Augusta 18. Tekeli Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Adana, Kadirli 01-04-0 Map Kozan 87-Iu “Tevekekelihüyük” Location “Bei der westlichen Ausfahrt aus dem Dorf Tekeli (ausgegraben ca. 1984)”. Now “im Garten des Ahmet Ayçiçek in Tekeli” Copy Sayar copy, squeeze and photo. 1996. Text here from IK Publication IK 56, 1 (ed. Sayar 2000). 16 and Pl. 15 Description “Meilenstein aus weiß-grauem Kalkstein; unten den Basis teilweise beschädigt, Schriftfeld in der Mitte von oben nach unten senkrecht beschädigt; oben abgebrochen; erhalten: neunzeilige Inschrift, davon fünf Zeilen in lateinischer, vier Zeilen in griechischer Sprache” (IK) Dimensions “H.: 216 cm; Dm.: oben: 55 cm, unten: 69 cm; Bh.: Z. 1: 212 cm,” [? = 21,2 cm] “sonst: 7-9,5 cm.” (IK) Text [ - - - - ] [I]mp C M(arcus) 2 . SEV . . . O I . I . F . . . . BM 4 . . . . . . . . . C . PP



. E . . T . . . . . . . . 6 ÉAnaz[ãr]bou t∞! §[nd]Òjou 8 mhtr[op]Òle- v! Caput Viae Anazarbus Date “unter den Severern”, . . . . “3. Jh. N. Chr. (von Macrinus bis Severus Alexander)” (IK)



E. CILICIA, ISAURIA ET LYCAONIA E.1 CORYCUS - DIOCAESARIA - LARANDA 19(A). Kızkalesi 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code İçel (Mersin), Silifke 33-05-0 Map Mersin 72-IIe Location “Milestones on the road from Korykos to Jambazlı, Olba, Koropissus and Laranda. . . . . First; group of several milliaria, at original position, but all fallen, . . . . ” (Bent apud Hicks). This group of milestones is located c. 1.65 miles (= 2.64 km) N of the modern highway passing through Kızkalesi. Copy Bent 1890. Seen by DHF 12.viii.1975. DHF photos in BIA (Pl. 7.1.4 [p. 83]) BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Photograph Photos: B/W Neg.: DHF 35/75/01. 33 and 36 Publication Ramsay in Hicks 1891, 272 CIL 3. 12125 (text of Ramsay) RRMAM 2, 1. 444 (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 228 Kry 201 (text from Vienna schedae) Description “One has the numeral inscribed very large” (Bent apud Hicks) Dimensions Not given Text (inscriptio erasa substituta cruce) A Caput Viae (Corycus) Date (?) 19(B-C). Kızkalesi 2-3 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 19(A) Location As 19(A) BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Photograph Photos: B/W Neg.: DHF 35/75/01.34-35 (Pl. 7.1.5 [p. 83]) Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 445, 446 (notice only) Description Two milestones, not recorded 20(A). Kızkalesi 4 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 19(A) Location “Milestones on the road from Korykos to Jambazlı, Olba, Koropissus and Laranda . . . . . Second; group standing in its original position, . . . . ” (Bent apud Hicks) Copy Bent 1890 Publication Ramsay in Hicks 1891, 272 (copy of Bent) CIL 3. 12124 (text of Ramsay apud Hicks) RRMAM 2, 1. 447 (notice only) Description “ . . . . , not legible after sunset except these letters” (Bent apud Hicks) Dimensions Not given Text - - - -



PIO - - - - Caput Viae [Corycus] Date (?) 20(B). Kızkalesi 5 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 19(A) Location In situ; on the E side of the the Roman road, c. 150 m SE of a point 2.90 miles = 4.64 km) on the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on the modern highway) Copy “K[eil and] M[iltner] 1925”. Seen by DHF (13.viii.1975). Text here of MAMA Publication MAMA 3. 199a, b RRMAM 2, 1. 448 Şahin 2009, 133 n.18 (summary of text) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 277 Kry 501, 502 (text from MAMA) Description Not given Dimensions (1) = (a) “Durchmesser 0,70, oben abgebrochen” (MAMA) (2) = (b) “Durchmesser 0,65, in mehrere Stücke gefunden, die ursprüngliche Höhe, da die Zusammen gehorigkeit aller Stücke nicht feststeht, nicht sicher bestimmbar. Bu. 0,03 bis 0,04” (MAMA) Text (2) = (b) (seen by DHF) - - - - m¤ bÄ ligature MI Wilhelm and Keil (MAMA 3. 199a, b) recorded two milestones, “Zwei neben einander an der Strassenseite liegende rohe Säulen”, one of which should belong to this group (MAMA 3. 199b). The two stones may possibly belong to the same milestone. (1) = (a) AÈtokrãtora “dann Rasur mit unklaren Resten mehrfacher Beschreibung” (2) = (b) _ - - - - ´ ka‹ OÈal°rion _ - - - - ´ tÚn §pif[a]n°!taton Ka¤!ara ka‹ Flãouion OÈal°rion Kvn!tante›n[o]n tÚn §pifan°!taton Ka¤![ara] m¤ bÄ Caput Viae (Corycus)



Date (b) (?) AD 306, ca. Aug. - 307, March/April or 16 September Galerius and Severus [name erased] Augusti with Maximinus [name erased] and Constantinus Caesares 20(C-E). Kızkalesi 6-8 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 19(A) Location As 20(B) Copy Seen by DHF 13.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 449-451 (notice only) Description Three milestones, not recorded Description & Dimensions Not known 21(A-D). Kızkalesi 9-12 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 19(A) Location As 21(E)? In situ; on the E side of the Roman road, c. 150 m S of a point at 4.05 miles (= 6.84 km) on the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on modern highway) Copy Seen by DHF 12.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 452-455 (notice only) Description Four milestones, not recorded Description & Dimensions Not known 21(E). Kızkalesi 13 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 19(A) Location “Milestones on the road from Korykos to Jambazlı, Olba, Koropissus and Laranda. . . . . Third, not observed” (Bent apud Hicks) Copy Bent 1890 Publication Ramsay in Hicks 1891, 273 Description & Dimensions Not given Text Not recorded Caput Viae [Corycus] Date (?) 22. Kızkalesi 14 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-IIe Location “Milestones on the road from Korykos to Jambazlı, Olba, Koropissus and Laranda. . . . . Fourth, a group; one has the following [text]” (Bent apud Hicks) Copy Bent 1890 Publication Ramsay in Hicks 1891, 273 (copy of Bent) CIL 3. 12123 (text of Ramsay) RRMAM 2, 1. 409 [= Hüseyinler 1] (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 228 Kry 202a, b (text from Vienna schedae) Şahin 2009, 133 n.14 (summary of text)



Description & Dimensions Not given Text Imp Caes L Septimius Severus Pius Pertinax Aug Arab Adiab p m 4 trib pot V imp VIII cos II proc p p et M Aurelius Antoninus Caesar Imp desig 8 Marco Aurelio Pio et / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / (vac) dÄ lines 9-10: presumably an erasure (not specifically indicated by Bent) Caput Viae (Corycus) Date AD 197, Autumn - 09.xii L. Septimius Severus Augustus and M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Caesar Augustus designatus with ?[P Septimius Geta (names erased) Caesar] Commentary Geta named Caesar “Herbst 197 (?)”, according to Kienast (1996, 166). 23. Kızkalesi 15 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-IIe Location On the E side of the Roman road, at a point c. 4.80 miles (= 7.68 km) along the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on the modern highway) Copy Seen by DHF 13.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 410 [= Hüseyinler 2] (notice only) 24(A-D). Kızkalesi 16-19 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-IIe Location In situ; on the S side of the Roman road, at a point c. 4.95 miles (= 7.92 km) along the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on the modern highway) Copy Seen by DHF 13.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 411-414 [= Hüseyinler 3-6] (notice only) 25(A-E). Kızkalesi 20-24 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-IId Location In situ; on the S side of the Roman road, at a point c. 6.00 miles (= 9.60 km) along the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on the modern highway) Copy Seen by DHF 13.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 415-419 [= Hüseyinler 7-11] (notice only) 26(A-B). Kızkalesi 25-26



Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-IId Location In situ; on the W side of the Roman road, at a point c. 7.10 miles (= 11.36 km) along the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on the modern highway); c. 2.50 km S of the upper mahalle (quarter) of Hüseyinler and c. 0.80 km S of the lower mahalle of Hüseyinler Copy Seen by DHF 13.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 420-421 [= Hüseyinler 12-13] (notice only) Text (25[B]) The top lines were visible: [DDD]NNN | . . . . | [Maxi]miano | . . . . 27(A-J). Kızkalesi 27-36 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-IId Location As 27(A-B) but on the E side of the road Copy Seen by DHF 13.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 422-430 [= Hüseyinler 14-22] (notice only) 28(A-F). Kızkalesi 37-42 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-IId Location In situ; on the E side [nos 28(A-E)] and W [no. 28(F)] of the Roman road, at a point c. 8.20 miles (= 13.12 km) along the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on the modern highway); c. 0.74 km S of the upper mahalle (quarter) of Hüseyinler and c. 2.64 km N of the lower mahalle of Hüseyinler Copy Seen by DHF 13.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 431-436 [= Hüseyinler 23-28] (notice only) 29(A-F). Kızkalesi 43-48 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-IId Location In situ; on the E side of the Roman road, c. 15 minutes (? c. 0.75 km) N of a point c. 8.35 miles (= 13.36 km) along the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on the modern highway); c. 0.50 km E of the upper mahalle (quarter) of Hüseyinler Copy Seen by DHF 15.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 437-442 [= Hüseyinler 29-34] (notice only) 30. Kızkalesi 49 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code As above, 19(A) Map Mersin 71-II Location In situ; on the E side of the Roman road, c. 39 minutes (? c. 1.95 km) N of a point c. 8.35 miles (= 13.36 km) along the șose from Kızkalesi (at the belediye centre on the modern highway) Copy Seen by DHF 15.viii.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 443 [= Hüseyinler 35] (notice only)



31(A). Yeğenli 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code İçel (Mersin), Silifke 33-05-1 Map Mut 70-IId Location “11/2 miles from Uzunjaburdj, 3/4 mile from Oura, . . . . in a valley by road side” (Ramsay apud Hicks) Copy Bent 1890 Publication Ramsay in Hicks 1891, 272 no. 76 (copy of Bent) CIL 3. 12120 (text of Ramsay) RRMAM 2, 1. 458 (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 340 OlD 88 (text from Vienna schedae) Şahin 2009, 133 n.13 (summary of text) Description & Dimensions Not given Text (vac) Imp Caes 2 [L Se]ptimius S[e]verus Pius 4 Pertinax Aug Arab Adiab p [m] 6 trib pot V imp [ - ] cos II [p]roc p p et 8 [M A]ureliu[s An]- [ton]inus Caesar 10 [i]mp desig (vac) (vac) M P V line 6: imp [VIII] ? (copy of Bent), but cf. 14. Güney: IMPVII Caput Viae (Diocaesaria) Date AD 197, before 07.v - 09.xii L. Septimius Severus Augustus with M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Caesar Imp (Augustus) designatus Commentary Caracalla imp. design. “vor 7. Mai 197” (Kienast 1996, 162). In this text, Geta was not yet named as Caesar; by contrast, cf. 22. Kızkalesi 14, on which the name of Geta can be restored in the erasure recorded by Bent. 31(B). Yeğenli 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 31(A) Location “Beside the last” [Yegenli 1] “on the opposite side of the road” (Bent apud Hicks) Copy Bent 1890. Text here of Ramsay apud Hicks Publication Ramsay in Hicks 1891, 272 no. 78 (copy of Bent) CIL 3. 12121 (text of Ramsay and Hogarth) RRMAM 2, 1. 459 (notice only) Grünewald 1990, 258 no. 493 (text in CIL) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 340 OlD 90a, b (text from Vienna schedae) Şahin 2009, 133 n.19 (summary of text) Description “Towards the bottom right –hand corner is seen the relic of a previous inscription of a similar kind, of which the dating (says Mr. Ramsay) points to A. D. 198” (Hicks)



Dimensions Not given Text (1) (on r. of text [2] ll. 6-8) MA IMPX COSPP (2) (on front of shaft) DDNN Maximiano [et] Maximiano 4 invictis Augg et Maximino et Constantino [no]bilissimis 8 [Ca]es[ar]ibus M P II line 3: [et] Maximiano (Ramsay apud Hicks) lines 5, 6 and 8: lunate epsilon for Latin E Caput Viae (Diocaesaria) Date (1) (?) Severus Date (2) (?) AD 306, ca. Aug. - 307, March/April or 16 September Galerius and Severus Augusti with Maximinus and Constantinus Caesares Commentary For a replicate of this text, see 15(E). Yeșildam 5 (1) and 39. Bayramlı. For the date of text (2) here and of 15(E). Yeșildam 5 (1) and 39. Bayramlı, see the commentary under 39. Bayramlı. 31(C). Yeğenli 3 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 31(A) Location “Beside the last” [Yegenli 1] (Bent apud Hicks) Copy Bent 1890 Publication Ramsay in Hicks 1891, 272 no. 77 (copy of Bent) CIL 3. 12122 (text of Ramsay apud Hicks) RRMAM 2, 1. 460 (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschik 1998, 340 Old 89 (text from Vienna schedae) Description “It could all be read with time” (Bent) Dimensions Not given Text ARI Caput Viae [Diocaesaria] ? Date (?) 31(D). Yeğenli 4 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 31(A) Location “ . . . . on the ancient road running between Uzuncaburç and Ura, about 2 km from



Ura (2.5-3 km from the hieron at Uzuncaburç), one of a group recorded by W. M. Ramsay” (Mackay, Th. and P. A.) Copy Mackay (Th. and P. A.) April 1966, copy and squeezes (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.6 [p. 76]). Text here from Mackay (Th. and P. A.) 1969 and Sayar 1992 Publication Mackay (Th. and P. A.) 1969, 140 no. 2 (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.6 [p. 76]) and Pl. 18a AE 1973. 543 (text of Mackay [Th. and P. A.] 1969) RRMAM 2, 1. 461 (notice only) Sayar 1992, 59 (re-publication and revision of Mackay [Th. and P. A.] 1969) AE 1992. 1680 (re-publication and revision of Mackay [Th. and P. A.] 1969 in Sayar 1992) SEG 42. 1291 (re-publication and revision of Mackay [Th. and P. A.] 1969 in Sayar 1992) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 342 OlD 98 (text from Vienna schedae) Şahin 2009, 133 n.11 (summary of text) Description “ . . . . on a coarse limestone cylinder, broken at the top. . . . . The surface of our stone is rough and badlyweathered towards the right hand ends of the lines, which face upwards into the rain. In April we were able only with difficulty to make out the letters at the beginning of each line . . . . There are two or three lines, undecipherable, and apparently unrelated, of larger letters partially preserved above the Greek text” (Mackay [Th. and P. A.] 1969) Dimensions “Height of letters: 0.020-0.055” (Mackay [Th. and P. A.] 1969) Text (editio princeps) BETR N _ - - - - ´ 2 _ - - - - ´ AÈtokrãtvr [Ka›sar] 4 OÈespas[ia]nÚw [SebastÚw] érxiereÁ[w m°gistow dhmar]- 6 x[i]k∞w §jou[s]¤aw [tÚ . aÈtokrã]- tvr tÚ ieÄ [pa]t[Ør patr¤dow] 8 teimhtØw Ïpatow tÚ [ - ] kateskeÊasen [tåw ıdoÁw] 10 AIKH[ - - - - - - - - - - - - diå] Septi[m¤]ou [ - - - - ] 12 presbeu[t]oË ka[‹] éntis[tratÆgou] - - - - Restored by Sayar (l.c.): AÈt[okrãtvr T¤tow Ka›sar YeoË] 4 OÈespas[ia]noË [uflÚ]w [SebastÚw] érxiereÁ[w m°gistow dhmar]- 6 x[i]k∞w §jou[s]¤aw [tÚ yÄ aÈtokrã]- tvr tÚ ieÄ [pa]t[Ør patr¤dow] 8 teimhtØw Ïpatow tÚ [hÄ ıdoÁw] kateskeÊasen [diå M Petrvn¤ou OÈmbre¤nou] 10 septemou¤[roum §poul≈noum] presbeu[t]oË ka[‹] éntis[tratÆgou]



12 - - - - line 8 (Sayar): ? tåw ıdoÁw], as l.9 in ed. pr. or ? ıdoÁw], as 34. Yenisu l. 8 line 9 (Sayar): perhaps to be read as two lines as indicated in the Mackay facsimile, as follows: kateskeÊasen (vac) diå M [Petrvn¤ou OÈmbre¤nou] Caput Viae [Diocaesaria] ? Date AD 80, 01.i-30.vi Titus Augustus (?) Commentary The text here and the date are restored by Sayar (l.c.) on the basis of the text of 34. Yenisu (see below). The Mackays note (1969, 140) the presence, immediately nearby, of two other stones; neither can be identified with the milestones (see above) recorded by Ramsay. 32(A-E). Kırobası/Magara 1-5 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code İçel (Mersin), Silifke 33-05-1 Map Mut 69-IIc Location “Between Uzunjaburdj and Maghra we followed it” [sc. the Roman road] “for about five miles and found milestones (all illegible or buried) every fifteen minutes” (Bent apud Hicks) Copy Bent 1890 Publication Hicks 1891, 273 (notes of Bent) Description & Dimensions Not given Texts none legible Caput Viae [Diocaesaria] ?



E.2 SELEUCIA - DIOCAESARIA - CLAUDIOPOLIS 33. Kekikli near Yeniçıktı Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code İçel (Mersin), Silifke 33-05-1 Map Mut 70-IId Location (?) Copy (?) Publication Şahin 2009, 131 and photo. AE 2009. 1532 (text of Şahin) Description & Dimensions Not given Texts AÈtokrãtori (vac) Ka¤!ari Ga¤ƒ OÈaler¤ƒ Dioklhtian“ eÈ!ebe› eÈtuxe› [%ebast“ . . . . . ] - - - - Caput Viae [Diocaesaria] ? Date Diocletianus [and Maximianus with Caesares ?] 34. Yenisu Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code İçel (Mersin) 33-05-1 Map Mut 68-IIe Location “1992 wurde ein Meilensteinfragment . . . . im ca. 3km nordöstlich der modernen Strasse zwischen Silifke und Mut gelegenen Bach Ağaderesi, im Gebiet des Dorfes Yenisu im Bezirk Silifke gefunden” (Sayar) Copy Sayar 1992. Text here of Sayar 1992 Publication Sayar 1992, 57 and Pl. Birley and Eck 1993, 45 (comments on the text and the governor, M. Petronius Umber) AE 1992. 1679 (text of Sayar 1992) SEG 42. 1293 (text of Sayar 1992) Bull. 1994. 603 (notice of text in Sayar 1992) Bull. 1995. 599 (notice of Birley and Eck 1993) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 397 Ysu 1a, b (text of Sayar) Description “Der Stein ist oben und unten schräg abgebrochen. An der oberen Kante des Steines sind die Reste der letzten zwei Zeilen des lateinischen Textes zur erkennen”; “ . . . . aus weißgelblichem Stein . . . . ” (Sayar) Dimensions “Maße: Höhe: 62 cm; Durchmesser: 35 cm (oben); 38 cm (unten); Buchstaben: 2,5 - 3 cm” (Sayar) Text - - - - [ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ]I I[ - - - ] 2 [ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ]XVII m p (vac)



AÈto[krãtvr T¤tow K]a›sar YeoË 4 OÈespa[sianoË uflÚ]w SebastÚw érxiereÁ[w m°g]istow dhmarxik∞w 6 §jous¤aw tÚ yÄ aÈtokrãtvr tÚ ieÄ patØr patr¤dow teimhtØw 8 Ïpatow tÚ hÄ ıdoÁw kateske[Ê]- asen (vac) diå (vac) 10 Mãrkou Petrvn¤ou OÈmbre¤nou septemou¤r[oum §poul≈noum] 12 presbeuto[Ë ka‹ éntistratÆgou] - - - - Caput Viae [Diocaesaria] ? Date AD 80, 01.i-30.vi Titus Augustus Commentary Here it is indisputable that the roads were constructed by Titus, in contrast to the coast road (see above, no. 13[A]. Anıtlı 1) evidently constructed by Hadrianus.



E.4 ANEMURIUM - GERMANICOPOLIS - ISAURA NOVA ? 35. Demiroluk Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code İçel (Mersin), Anamur 33-01-0 Map Silifke 61-IIf Location At Demiroluk (Çarıklar Yayla) (information given to DHF, Anamur Museum 02.vii.1992). “Ein nach örtlicher Auskunft in Demiroluk (Çarıklar Yayla) gefundener Meilenstein . . . . “ (TIB). Exact provenance not known. Now in the Anamur Archaeological Museum Copy DHF 28.ix.2009. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.2 [p. 78]) in BIA BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Photograph Squeeze: 33. İçel (not numbered), Demiroluk Publication TIB 5, 1 (eds Hild and Hellenkemper 1989), 139 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder. Worn and damaged. Broken below (restored from 2+ fragments). Very soft, white chalky limestone. Roughly circular in section but somewhat squared with rounded corners. Surface and letters: worn Dimensions Ht (ex.) c. 0.95; wi. (top) 0.40, (bottom) 0.42. Letters: (line 1) E 0.055, S 0.060; (line 2) E 0.050, A 0.060; (line 3) C 0.055; (line 4) E 0.055, I of TIF 0.044; (line 7) I of DIV 0.045; (line 8) E of NER 0.055, B of AN 0.065 Text Imp·Caesari 2 ·M·Aurelio Anton[ino] [A]ug ·Armeniaco· [P]a[r]thic[o] 4 Medico ·pontif·m·trib pot XXIII·imp·V·cos·III·p p ·divi· 6 Antonini·f·d Hadriani·n divi Traiani Pa[rthi]ci pron 8 ·d·Nervae abnepoti (vac ?) (vac) per · (vac) 10 - - - - line 4: pontif(ici) m(aximo) trib(unicia) p(otestate) line 6: d(ivi); n(epoti) line 7: pron(epoti) line 8: d(ivi) Caput Viae [Anemurium] ? Date AD 168, 10.xii-169, 9.xii M. Aurelius Augustus Commentary Only two milestones of Marcus Aurelius as sole emperor are known in Asia Minor: here and – in the province of Asia – Köseresul on the road from Pergamum to Cyzicus. On this milestone the imperial genealogy of Marcus Aurelius is given in full: on the Köseresul milestone, erected in the same year, AD 168/169, the genealogy is absent. The co-Emperor, L. Aelius Verus, died at the beginning of AD 169, “Anf. 169 (Jan./Febr.)” according to Kienast (1996, 144). The milestone here may thus be dated to the period after the death of Verus. 36(A). Kırkkuyu 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Ermenek 42-08-2/İçel, Anamur 33-01-0



Map Gazipaşa 60-IIf Location “ . . . . Kırkkuyu. A track leads thence to Ortagöl. About 1 km down this track, in the long wall of rough stone, which it follows . . . . “ (Bean and Mitford). Near Erbalak Yayla Copy Bean and Mitford 21 August, 1965. Text here of Bean and Mitford 1970 Publication Bean and Mitford 1970, 189 no. 210 RRMAM 2, 1. 631 (notice only) TIB 5, 1 (eds Hild and Hellenkemper 1989), 139 (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 155 Kir 1 (text of Bean and Mitford 1970) Description & Dimensions “ . . . . a milestone in two portions: the upper, 1.06 h. and 0.48 in diameter, with a small circular hole let into its top; the lower, with part of its rectangular base preserved, also 10.06 h. Of the inscription, now very much worn, something of six lines survives. The letters appear to be Latin, and the traces, more particularly of lines 5 and 6 as shown by our squeeze, are not inconsistent with the restoration we suggest” (Bean and Mitford) Text [Imp Caesar] d[ivi] 2 [Traiani Par]th[ici f] [divi Nerv]ae nep[os] 4 [Traianus] Hadri[anus] [Aug pontif] max tr[ib] 6 [pot - - ]S Aug [cos III] (vac) [p p - - ?] line 6-7: cp. 13(A). Anıtlı 1, line 6: pot XXI p[.]s Aug cos III | p p fecit lines 6-7: pot xxi ? p. p. S. AVG cos iii | p.p. fecit (Bean and Mitford) Caput Viae [ ? ] Date AD 136/137(?), Hadrianus Augustus 36(B). Kırkkuyu 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 36(A) Location As above, 36(A), but “some 25 m distant” (Bean and Mitford) Copy Bean and Mitford 21 August 1965. Text here of Bean and Mitford 1970 Publication Bean and Mitford 1970, 190 no. 211 RRMAM 2, 1. 632 (notice only) Hagel and Tomaschitz 1998, 155 Kir 2 (text of Bean and Mitford 1970) TIB 5, 1 (eds Hild and Hellenkemper 1989), 139 (notice only) Description & Dimensions “ . . . . two fragments of a milestone” (Bean and Mitford) Text [I]m[p] Caes[ar] 2 I Se[pt]im[ius] (sic) [S]everus Pert[inax] 4 [Aug Arab] Adiab [p m] [trib] pot VI i[mp X cos II] 6 procos] p p et M [Aurel]- [ius A]ntonin[us] [Cae]sa[r] inp de[sig] (sic) - - - -



line 8: inp de[stinatus] (Bean and Mitford), de[sig(natus)], cp. 31(A). Yeğenli 1 Caput Viae [ ? ] Date AD 197, before May 7, L. Septimius Severus Augustus with M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Caesar Imperator designatus [and Geta Caesar ?] Commentary Only Severus and Caracalla were inscribed on 31(A). Yeğenli 1 but the erasure of Geta’s name is clearly evident on 22. Kızkalesi 14.



E.5 TARSUS - MALLUS - AEGEAE - [PILGRIM’S ROAD] 37. Gölovası, form. Kızlarsuyu Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Adana, Yumurtalık 01-12-0 Map Adana 87-IIa Location “Auf em Friedhofe des Dorfes Janasch, 20 Minuten nordöstlich von Kislarkujusu, . . . . “ (Heberdey and Wilhelm) Copy Heberdey and Wilhelm 19 April, 1892. Text here of Heberdey and Wilhelm 1896 Publication Heberdey and Wilhelm 1896, 16 no. 46 CIL 3. 13623 (text of Heberdey and Wilhelm) RRMAM 1. 66 (publication bibliography and text only) RRMAM 2, 1. 025 (notice only) Description “ . . . . oben und unten gebrochen.” (Heberdey and Wilhelm) Dimensions “0·96 M. hoch, Durchmesser 0·46 M., . . . . ” (Heberdey and Wilhelm) Text Imp[er C]ae- 2 sari M Aur Val´ M[a]ximiano 4 pio felici invicti Aug (sic) (vac) 6 m pa[s]s XI Caput Viae (Aegeae) Date AD 286-305 Maximianus Augustus Commentary The stone is broken above. Perhaps, therefore, the name of Diocletianus has been lost. Or a rare example of Maximianus named without Diocletianus ?



E.7 LARANDA - (?)DALISANDUS - ISAURA NOVA 38(A). Gürağaç 1, form. Armasun Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Konya, Çumra 42-05-2 Map Konya 59-Iv Location “In the wall of a house” (Sterrett). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 12.vi.1977) Copy Sterrett 06 June 1885; Calder 1934. Text here of Sterrett Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 37 no. 50 IGRR 3. 295 (text of Sterrett) MAMA 8. 186 (copy of Calder?) (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.7 [p. 76]) RRMAM 2, 1. 623 (notice only) Description “The stone is very rough, and was never polished. The reading is uncertain” (Sterrett); “Block (not a miliarium) partially smoothed in front” (MAMA) Dimensions “H. (visible) 1·15; w. 0·42; th. 0·27; letters: 0.035 to 0.055” (MAMA) Text [AÈtokrãtori] [Ka¤!ari G] [AÈr Oualer¤ƒ] 4 [Diok]lhtia- [n]“ eÈ!eb eÈtu[x]e› %e- b ka‹ AÈto- 8 krãtori Ka¤!ari M AÈr OÈale- r¤ƒ Maji- 12 mian“ eÈ- ![ebe›] eÈtu- xe› %eb Date AD 293-305 Diocletianus and Maximianus Augusti Commentary “Not a miliarium” (MAMA), presumably because the shaft was not cylindrical. If, indeed, this stone is a milestone, the distance-figure was not inscribed. 38(B). Gürağaç 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As above, 38(A) Location Not given Copy Calder 1934. The stone has not been examined by DHF. Text here of (?) Calder Publication MAMA 8. 187 (copy of Calder?) RRMAM 2, 1. 624 (notice only) Description “Miliarium, broken into two pieces, a and b” (MAMA) Dimensions “H. (of a) 0.77; diam. 0.52. Diam. (of b) (height concealed) 0.55. Letters 0.03- 0.04” (MAMA)



Text [AÈtokrãto]ra Ka¤[sara G] [AÈr OÈal] Dioklhtian�

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